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Complete the following structure of organic compound by filling hydrogen to the carbon
atoms.
H H H H
a) H C C C C H
H H H H H
b)
H C C C C C H
H H H H
H H
H C C C H
H H H
H H H
c) H C C C C C H
H H H
H
H C H
H H
d) H C C C C C H
H H
H C H
H
H H H H H
H C C C C C H
e)
H H H
H C H
H
Identify the functional groups present in the following compound (make a circle).
a) (alkoxy) b) (carbonyl)
c) (carboxyl) e)
(Carboxylalkonxy)
d) (hydroxyl)
f) (halogen)
1.3 Type of organic compound
Classify each of the following compounds into (aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic) and
(saturated or unsaturated).
H
H H
a) Aromatic / unsaturated
H H
H
b) Aliphatic / unsaturated
CH2CH3
c) Alicyclic / saturated
Br CH3
f) Alicyclic / saturated
Write the structural formulas, condensed formulas, empirical formulas and bond line
formulas (if have) for the following molecules.
a) Butane, C4H10
H H H H CH3CH2CH2CH3
H C C C C H @ C 2H 5
H H H H CH3(CH2)2CH3 E.F B.L.F
S.F C.F
b) Ethanol, C2H6O
H H
H C C OH CH3CH2OH C 2H 6O OH
H H C.F E.F B.L.F
S.F
c) Propene, C3H6
H H H
H C C C H CH3CH CH2 CH2
H C.F E.F B.L.F
S.F
d) 2-pentyne, C5H8
H H H
H C C C C C H CH3CH2C CCH3 C 5H 8
H H H C.F E.F B.L.F
S.F
e) Hexane, C6H14
H H H H H H CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3
H C C C C C C H @ C 3H 7
H H H H H H CH3(CH2)4CH3
E.F B.L.F
S.F C.F
1.5 Isomers
i. Structural isomer
Compound with the same number of atoms and bonds (molecular
formula) but with different arrangement.
ii. Stereoisomer
Compound with the same molecular formula and structural formula but
with different arrangement of their bond in space.
b) Draw the structural formulas for all the structural isomers of the following
compound and give their respective IUPAC name.
c) From the following pairs of molecules, identify which are cis and trans isomers.
CH3 I CH3 H
ii. C C C C
Br H Br I
Cis trans