ARTICLE ON VEDIC MATHEMATICS AND ITS REAL

LIFE APPLICATIONS
By
ANJUMOL T.B
B.Ed MATHEMATICS
ROLL NO: 1
 VEDIC MATHEMATICS AND ITS REAL LIFE
APPLICATIONS
BY

ANJUMOL T .B

ABSTRACT

Vedic mathematics, which simplifies arithmetic and algebraic operations, has

increasingly found acceptance the world over. Expert suggests that it could be a
handy tool for those who need to solve mathematical problems faster by the day.
The main objective of the subject Vedic mathematics is to help the students to do
complex mathematical problems which otherwise take numerous steps to solve,
can be solved with the help of a few steps and in some cases without any
intermediate steps at all.

INTTRODUCTION

The “Vedic Mathematics is called so because of its originated from Atharva

Vedas”. the Fourth Veda.“ Atharva Vedas, “ deals with the branches like
Engineering , Mathematics ,Sculptures, Medicine, and all other sciences with
which we are today aware of.

Vedic mathematics, which simplifies arithmetic and algebraic operations, has

increasingly found acceptance the world over. Experts suggest that it could be a
handily tool for who need to solve mathematical problems faster by day. It is an
ancient technique, which simplifies multiplication, divisibility, complex,numbers,
squaring cubing and cube roots. Even recurring decimal and auxiliary fractions can
be handled by “Vedic mathematics.”
OBJECTIVES

The main objective of the subject “VedicMathematics “is to help the students to
do complex mathematical problems which otherwise take numerous steps to
solve, can be solved with the help of a few steps and in some cases without any
intermediate steps at all .And these system are so simple that even students with
an average knowledge of mathematics can easily understand them. The objective
is also to make the student aware if different applications of Vedic mathematics.
Various examples listed out in this project help the pupil to realize the simplicity
of Vedic mathematics. The main objective of this project is to change the negative
attitude towards the subject mathematics among the students.To reducing silly
mistakes while doing problems,increasing concentration,reducing, scratch work
and finger counting are some objectives of this project

HYPOTHESIS

I assume that the student will be able to understand theVedic methods for doing
basis operations in Arithmetic and helps a student to solve problems 10-15 lines
faster than before also help to increase the concentration and intelligent guessing
of the pupil since the Vedic mathematics approach encourage flexibility the
mathematics teachers encourage their students to derive his/her own method
and no remain limited to the same rigid approach, which is boring as well as
tedious. Once the mind of the student develops an understanding of system of
mental mathematics it begins to work more closely with the numbers and
become more creative. The students understand the numbers better.
METHODOLOGY

VEDIC MATHEMATICS

Vedic mathematics, which simplifies arithmetic and algebraic operations, has

increasingly found acceptance the world over. Expert suggest that it could be a
handy tool for those who need to solve mathematical problems faster by the day

SUTRAS

The basis of Vedicmathematics, are the 16 sutras , which attribute a set of

qualities to a number or a group of numbers. The ancient Hindu Scientists (Rishis)
of Bharat in 16 Sutras (Phrases) and 120 words laid down simple steps for solving
all mathematical problems in easy to follow 2 or 3 steps.

Vedic mental or one or two line methods can be used effectively for solving

1) Divisions
2) Reciprocals
3) Factorization
4) HCF
5) Squares and square roots
6) Cube and cube roots
7) Algebraic equations
8) Multiple simultaneous equations
9) Differential calculus
10) Partial fractions
11) Integrations
12) Pythagoras theorem
13) Apollonian theorem
14) Analytic conics
 SIXTEEN SUTRAS

SN SUTRAS MEANING
1 Ekadhikenapurvena One more than the previous one

2 NikhilamNavatascaramamdasatah All from 9 and last from 10

3 Urdhva-tiryagbhyan
4 Paravartyayojayet
5 Sunyamsamyasamuccaya
6 Sunyamanyat
7 Sankalana – vyavakalanabhyam
8 Purnapuranabhyam
9 Calana – kalanabhyam
10 Yavadunam
Criss-cross
Transpose and adjust
When the Samuchchaya is the same ,the
Samuchchaya is zero ie it should be equated
is zero
If one is in ratio , the other one zero
By addition and by subtraction
By the completion or non-completion
By calculus
By the deficiency

11 vyastisamastih Specific and general (use average )

121 Sesanyankenacaramena The remainders by the last digit
13 Sopanyadvayamantyam The ultimate & twice the penultimate
14 Ekanyunenapurvena By one less than the previous one
15 Gunitasamuccdyah The product of the sum of coefficient in the
factors
16 Gunakasamucayah Set of multipliers
TERMS AND OPERATIONS

 EKADHIKA : ‘means one more’

Eg : Ekadhika of 0 is 1

Ekadhika of 8 is 9

 EKANYUNA : ‘means one less’

Eg : Ekanyuna of 1 is 0
Ekanyuna of 8 1s 7

 PURAK : ‘means compliment’

Eg :Purak of 1,2,3,…..8,9 from 10 is

 REKHANK : ‘ means a digit with a bar on its top ‘ In other words it is a

negative number
Eg :7 is 3 and-7 3 7
A bar on 7 is written as 7.It is called Rekhank or bar 7.
 BEEJANK : The sum of the digits of a number is called beejank.If the
addition is a two digit number, then these two digits are also to be added
up to get a single digit
Eg :Beejank of 27 is 2+7 = 9
Beejank of 348 is 3+4+8 = 15
Further 1+5=6 ie 6 is a Beejank

Eg : Beejank of 632174 6+3+2+1+7+4=23 2+3= 5

Beejank is unaffected if 9 is added from the number. This nature of 9 helps

in finding Beejank very quickly, by cancelling 9 or the digits adding to 9 from the
numberAbove, quick look gives 6&3 ,2& 7 are to be ignored because their sum is
9.Hence remaining 1+4=5

Thus 5 is the Beejank of 632174

 VINCULCUM : The numbers which by presentation contain both positive

and negative digits are called Vinculum numbers
Conversion of general numbers into Vinculum numbers

We obtain then by converting the digits which are 5 andabove 5 or less than 5
without changing the value of that numbers.

Consider a number sat y.Use it complement from 10.In this case and add 1 to the
left of 8.Thus 8=08-1

The number 1 contains both positive and negative digits.ie 1 and 2 in unit place
hence it is -2 and value of 1 at tens place is 10.Thus 12 =10-2=8

General number conversion vinculum number

6 10-4 14

97 100-3 103

289 300-11 311

APPLICATIONS OF VEDIC MATHEMATICS

SunamiBharatiKrishnaTirtha (1884-1960) former Jagadguru Sankaracharya

of Puri called a set of 16 sutras (aphorisms) and 13 Subsutras (corollaries) from
the Atharva Veda.

The sutras apply to and cover almost every branch of mathematics. They
apply even tocomplex problems involving a large numbers of mathematical
operations.The application of Sutras is perfectly logical and rational . The
computation made on the computers follows, in a way, the principles underlying
the sutras .the Sutras provides not only methods of calculation, but also ways of
thinking for their application.
 Application of the Sutras improves the computational skills of the learner in
a wide are of problems, ensuringboth speed and accuracy, strictly based on
rational and logical reasoning.

SPECIAL MULTIPLICATION METHODS

Multiplication is considered as one of the most difficult of the four mathematical

operations. Students are scared of multiplication as well as tables. Just by
knowing table’sup to 5, students can multiply bigger number easily by some
special multiplication methods of Vedic mathematics.

Easy way for multiplication

First method

Example 1 ) : 7 x 8

Here base is 10

7-3=(7 is 3 below 10)

X 8-2 (8 is 2 below 10)

Cross subtract to get digit of the answer.

7-2=5

OR 5 is the first past

8-3=5

Multiply vertically i.e -2x3=6. 6 is the second past

7-3
8-2 i. e 7x8=56
5/6
Example 2) : 6 x 7

6-4
X 7-3 i.e 6x7 = 42
3/ (1)2

Example 3) : 9 x 7

9–1
X7-3

Cross subtraction : 9 - 3 = 6 OR 7 – 1 = 6
Vertical multiplication: -1 x -3 = 3 i.e 9 x7= 63

Example 4) : 8 x 9

8–2
X9–1

Cross subtraction: 8 - 1 = 7 OR 9 – 2= 7
Vertical multiplication: -1 x -2 = 2

8–2
X9–1 i. e 8 x 9 = 72
7/2

Example 5): 112 x 115

112 + 12

115 + 15
Cross add: - 112 + 15 = 127 OR 115 + 12 = 127

Vertical multiplication: - 15 x 12

15 x 12 12 + 2
15 + 5
17/ (1)0 = 180
So 112 + 12
115 + 15
127/ (1)80 = 12880

Second Method: - Same base method

When both the numbers are more than the same base.

Example 1) : 12 x 14

Here base is 10

12 + 2 (12 is 2 more than 10)

14 + 4 (14 is more than 10)

Cross add: 12 + 4 = 16 OR

14 + 2 =16, 16 is first part

Vertical multiplication: 2 x 4 = 8

So 12+ 2
14 + 4 i. e 12 x 14 = 168
16 / 8

Example 2) 99 x 98

99 – 01 (1 less than 100)

 98 – 02 (2 less than 100)

Cross subtract : 99 – 02 = 97 OR 98 - 01 = 97

97 is first part

Vertical multiplication: -2 x -1 = 2 = 02

So 99 x 98 = 9702

Example 3) 89 x 88

89 – 11

88 – 12

Cross subtract: 89-12 = 77 OR 88 – 11 = 77

Vertical multiplication: 11 x 12

11 x 12 = 11 + 1
12 + 2

11 + 2 =13 OR 12 + 1 = 13

1x2=2

11 + 1
12 + 2
13/2 = 132

89 – 11
88 – 12
77/ (1) 32
= 7832
 Example 4) 988 x 999

988 – 012
999 – 001
Cross subtraction: 988 – 011 = 987 OR 999 – 012 = 987
Vertical multiplication: - 012 x – 001 = 012

988 x 999 = 987012

Multiplying bigger numbers close to base

SQUARING NUMBERS

Squaring can be defined as multiplying a number by itself. There are many different ways of
squaring numbers. Many of their techniques have their roots in multiplication as squaring is
simply a process of multiplication.`

(a) Squaring of number using the crisscross system.

(b) Squaring of numbers using formulae.

A SQUARING OF NUMBER USING CRISS CROSS SYSTEM

Square root of 23

a) First multiply 3 by 3 and get the answer 9.

b) Use cross multiply (2 x 3) and add it with (2 x 3). The final answer is 12. We write down
2 and carry over 1. The answer is 29
c) Thirdly, we multiply (2 x 2) and add the 1 to it. So the answer is 529 529)

23 2 3 23

X23 2 3 23
9 29 529

Answer is 529
square root of 42.

4 2 4 2 4 2

X4 2 4 2 4 2

4 6 4 176 4

FORMULA METHOD

There are various formulae used in general mathematical to square numbers instantly.

(a+b) 2 = a2 +2ab +b2

Example :- (1009)2 = (1000 + 9)2

=
10002 + 2 (1000) (9) + 92

= 1000000 + 18000 + 81

=1018081

(1) (a-b)2 = a2 – 2 ab + b2

Example : - (995)2 = (1000 – 5)2

=10002 - 2 (1000) (5) + 52

=1000000 – 10000 + 25

=990025

Example :- (698)2 = (700 – 2) 2

= (700) 2 – 2 x 2 x 700 +22

= 490000 – 2800 + 4

= 487204

(2) A2 = (a + b) (a-b) + b2
 Example :- (72)2 = (72 + b) (72 – b) + b2

Here we take b as 2

(72)2 = (72 + 2) (72 – 2) + 22

= (74) x (70) + 4

= (70 + 4) (70) + 4

= 70 x 70 + 4 x 70 + 4

= 4900 + 280 + 4 = 5184

Example : (67)2 = (67 + b) (67 – b) + b2

Here base is 3

(67)2 = (67 + 3) (67 – 3) + 32

= (70) (64) +9

= (70) (60 +4) + 9

= 60 x 70 + 4 x 70 + 9

= 4200 + 280 + 9

= 4489

BASE METHOD OF SQUARING

Example :- Find the square of 8.

Step (1) :- Use take the nearest power of 10 as our base.

Step (2) :- As 8 is 2 less than 10, We should decrease 9 further by 2 and write the answer so
obtained, viz 6 as the left hand past of the answer.

Step (3) :- Next, as the rule says, We square deficiency and put on the R H S. The square of 2
is 4 and hence we put it on RHS.

Step (4) :- The L H S is 6 and RHS is 4. The complete answer is 64. Thus square of 8 is 64.
i. e 8-2
8-2
6/4 = 64
Example :- (9)2
9-1
9-1
8/1 = 81
Example :- (96)2
96 - 4
9 -4
92/16 = 9216
2
Example :- (988)
988 - 12
988 - 12
976/122
122 = 12 + 2
12 + 2
14/4 = 144
So 988 - 12
988 - 12
976/144 = 976144

HOW TO PREDICT A PERSONS DATE OF BIRTH

Step (1):- As the people to take the number of the month in which they were born (January 1,
February 2 and so on)

Step (2):- Next, ask them to double the number

Step (3) :- Add 5 to it

Step (4) :- Multiply it by 5

Step (5) :- Put a zero behind the answer

Step (6) :- Add the their date of birth (If they are born on 5th January the add 5) After the steps
are over) ask them to tell you the final answer. Just by listening to their final answer you can
predict their date of birth.

Mentally subtract 50 from the last two digits and you will have the date. Subtract 2 from the
remaining digits and you will have the month.

Example 8 :- Suppose I was a member of audience my date of birth is 26thjune.

(a) Take a month number = 6

(b) Double the answer = 12
(c) Add 5 to it = 17
(d) Multiply it by 5 = 85
(e) Put a zero behind the answer = 850
(f) Add the date of birth = 850+26= 876
First mentally subtract 50 from the last two digits. To get the date. Next subtract 2
from remaining digits.

8 76
2 50
6 26
Month Date

Example :- Suppose if the total is 765, 1480 and 1071 then

7 65 14 80 10 71
2 50 2 50 2 50
5 15 12 30 8 21
15th May 30th December 21st December

HOW TO PREDICT HOW MUCH MONEY A PERSON HAS

Step (1) :- Ask him to take the amount he has in his pocket (Just rupees ignore paisa)

Step (2) :- Next ask him to add 5 to it.

Step (3) :- Mutlyply the answer by 5

Step (4) :- Double the answer by so obtained

Step (5) :- Finally, ask him to add his favorite one digit to it

Step (6) :- Add 10

Example :- Let us suppose a person has 20 rupees in his pocket. He would work out the steps
as given below.

(a) Take the amount in your pocket = 20

(b) Add 5 = 25
(c) Multiply by 5 = 125
(d) Double the answer = 250
(e) Add the favourite digit (say 7) = 257
(f) Add 10 = 267

First we have to ignore the digit in the units place (in this case 7)
Now remaining is 26
From 26 subtract 6 to get 20.
So answer is 20

Example :- Total is 1062, 63 and 170

Ignore 2 from 1062,
Subtract 6 from 106 get 100
So rupees = 100
If total is 63.
Ignore 3 from 63. So the remaining number is 6. Subtract 6 from 6 then the answer
will be zero.
If total is 170
Ignore 0 from 170. Subtract 6 from 17 then will get 11.
So Rupees = 11

HOW TO FINDOUT HOW MANY BROTHERS/SISTERS A PERSON HAS

Step (1) :- Ask him to take the number of brothers he has ( If no brother take zero)

Step (2) :- Add 3 to it.

Step (3) :- Multiply it by 5.

Step (4) :- Add 20

Step (5) :- Double the answer.

Step (6) :- Ask him to add the number of sister he has (If no, take 0)
Step (7) :- Finally, as him to add 1,

From the final answer that the other person will tell you mentally subtract 71. The last digit will
give you number of sisters and the remaining digits will give you the number of brothers he has.

Example :- Suppose a person has 1 brother and 1 sister.

(a) Take the number of brothers = 1

(b) Add 3 = 4
(c) Multiply by 5 = 20
(d) Add 20 = 40
(e) Double the answer = 80
(f) Add the number of sisters = 81 (80 +1 Sister = 81)
(g) Add 1 = 82
We will subtract 1 from the last digit to get the number of sisters

Next, We will subtract 7 from the first digit to get the number of brothers

8 1
-7 1
1 1
Brother Sister
If total was 71, 93,102

7 1 9 3 10 2
7 1 7 1 7 1
0 0 2 2 3 1
0 Brother 0 Sister 2 Brother 2 Sister 3 Brother 1 Sister

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIOON

For the data’s required for this project, I collected initial data from the book Vedic
Mathematic, written by DhavalBathia and other resource books and also from
internet. I consult some of my teachers to add more points and details. I myself tried
to do problems using Vedic Mathematics tricks. I along with some of my friends tried
to do different types of problem using these tricks. I also tried to collecting some.
Pictures relating with Vedic Mathematics.
From the data’s collected, We can analyses the fact that Vedic Math’s tricks can be
applied in various operations like, addition, subtraction, multiplication, division,
finding square and squawroots, age problems, money problem, date of birth
problem. The details on real life application help the pupil in encouraging the
concept in real life situation.

FINDING AND CONCLUSIONS

I found out that Vedic Mathematics has a wide variety of application in real life.
Mainly in children. It develops creativity and interest. In the Vedic system there are
general methods, that always work for example a method of multiplication that can
be applied to any number. This flexibility add to the fun and gives pupils the freedom
to choose their approach. The case and simplicity of Vedic Math’s means that
calculations can be carried out mentally.Pupils can be invent their own methods, it
leads to improve memory and intelligence of pupil as well as any person.