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1. CÁLCULO DE Ni:
1000. 𝑄. 𝐻𝐷
𝑁𝑖 =
75
2. CÁLCULO DE (ns)i:
1⁄
𝑛(𝑁𝑖) 2
(𝑛𝑠 )𝑖 = 5⁄
𝐻 4
1⁄ 1⁄ 𝑑
(𝑛𝑠 )𝑖 = 576 . (𝜑) 2 . (𝑧) 2 . 𝑘𝑝 . ( )
𝐷
𝑘𝑝=0.44 𝑎 0.49
𝜑=0.87 𝑎 0.98
𝜓=0.86 𝑎 0.89
∪
𝑘𝑝=
𝑉𝑖
𝑉1
𝜑=
𝑉𝑖
𝑉𝑟2
𝜓=
𝑉𝑟1
𝑣𝑖 = √2. 𝑔. 𝐻𝐷
𝐷 2𝜋 . 𝑛 𝐷
∪= 𝜔. =( ) .( )
2 60 2
𝑑
< 0.1
𝐷
4 ℚ 1
𝑑=√ . .
𝜋 𝑍 𝜑√2𝑔𝐻
𝑑
𝐷=
0.09
𝐷
𝑁𝑐𝑢 = 12 + 0.74 ( )
𝑑
2da)
𝜋 . 𝐷𝑒
𝑁𝑐𝑢 =
𝑆
𝑆 = (0.75 … … .0.85) Â𝐵
Â𝐵 = Â𝐵′ − 𝐵𝐵′
Â𝐵 = ∆𝜃 . 𝐷
Ā𝛣′
𝑡𝑔 ∆𝜃 =
𝐷+𝑑
𝐷 ∆𝜃
Ā𝐵′ = 2 ( + 𝑑) . 𝑠𝑒𝑛 ( )
2 2
𝑘𝑝 𝐷𝑒
𝐵𝐵′ = . . Ā𝐵′
𝜑 𝐷
Ā𝐵′ 𝐷 2
𝐷+𝑑 2
= √( + 𝑑) − ( )
2 2 2
1
𝐻𝑒 = ( ) . (1 + 𝜓 . 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽2 ) . (𝑉1 −∪) .∪
𝑔
𝑉𝑖 = √2𝑔𝐻
∪= 𝑘𝑝 . 𝑉𝑖
𝑉1 = 𝜑. 𝑉𝑖
7. CÁLCULO DE RENDIMIENTOS:
𝐻𝑒
𝑛ℎ =
𝐻
𝑛𝑡 = 𝑛ℎ . 𝑛𝑚
8. CÁLCULO DE NEJE (potencia efectiva):
𝑁𝑒𝑗𝑒 = 𝑛𝑡 . 𝑁𝑖
TURBINA PELTON
H=1400 m
Q= 1m3/s
n= 1200 rpm
𝐿.𝑔.𝑄.𝐻𝐷 (1000)(1)(1400)
𝑁𝑖 = 𝑁𝑖 = 𝑁𝑖 = 18666.66 𝐶𝑉
75 75
1⁄
(1200)(18666.66) 2
(𝑛𝑠 )𝑖 = 5⁄
1400 4
(𝑛𝑠 )𝑖 = 19.24
c) CÁLCULO DE Z: (chorros)
1⁄ 1⁄ 𝑑
(𝑛𝑠 )𝑖 = 576 . (𝜑) 2 . (𝑧) 2 . 𝑘𝑝 . ( )
𝐷
𝑘𝑝 =045
𝜑=0.925
𝑑
= 0.1
𝐷
1⁄ 1⁄
19.24 = 576 . (0.925) 2 . (𝑧) 2 . (0.45). (0.1)
𝑍 = 0.5956
Z = 1 chorro
1⁄ 1⁄ 𝑑
19.24 = 576 . (0.925) 2 . (1) 2 . (0.45). ( )
𝐷
𝑑
( ) = 0.07718 𝑚
𝐷
4 ℚ 1
𝑑=√ . .
𝑝𝑖 𝑍 𝜑√2𝑔𝐻
4 1 1
𝑑=√ . .
𝑝𝑖 1 (0.925)√2(9.81)(1400)
𝑑 = 0.0911
𝑑
𝐷=
0.07718
𝐷 = 1.18 𝑚
1er)
𝐷
𝑁𝑐𝑢 = 12 + 0.74 ( )
𝑑
1
𝑁𝑐𝑢 = 12 + 0.74 ( )
0.07718
𝑁𝑐𝑢 = 21.588
𝑁𝑐𝑢 = 22 𝑐𝑢𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑠
2da)
𝜋 . 𝐷𝑒
𝑁𝑐𝑢 =
𝑆
2
Ā𝐵′ 1.186 1.186 + 0.0911 2
√
= ( + 0.0911) − ( )
2 2 2
Ā𝐵′
= 0.2454
2
Ā𝐵′ = 0.491
𝑘𝑝 𝐷𝑒
𝐵𝐵′ = . . Ā𝐵′
𝜑 𝐷
0.45 1.3682
𝐵𝐵′ = . . (0.491)
0.925 1.186
𝐵𝐵′ = 0.2755
Ā𝛣′
𝑡𝑔 ∆𝜃 =
𝐷+𝑑
0.491
𝑡𝑔 ∆𝜃 =
1.186 + 0.0911
Â𝐵 = ∆𝜃 . 𝐷
Â𝐵 = (0.367) . (1.186)
Â𝐵 = 0.435
Â𝐵 = Â𝐵′ − 𝐵𝐵′
Â𝐵 = 0.435 − 0.2755
Â𝐵 = 0.1595
S = (0.8)Â𝐵
S = (0.8)(0.1595)
S = 0.1276
𝜋 . 𝐷𝑒
𝑁𝑐𝑢 =
𝑆
𝜋 . (1.3682)
𝑁𝑐𝑢 =
0.1276
𝑁𝑐𝑢 = 33.686
𝑁𝑐𝑢 = 34 𝑐𝑢𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑠
𝛽 = 4° … … … 12° → 𝛽 = 8°
𝜓 = 0.86 … … 0.89 → 𝜓 = 0.86
g) CÁLCULO DE He:
1
𝐻𝑒 = ( ) . (1 + 𝜓 . 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽2 ) . (𝑉1 −∪) .∪
8
Para V1:
𝑉1 = 𝜑. 𝑉𝑖 𝑉1 = (165.73)(0.925) 𝑉1 = 153.3𝑚/𝑠
Para Vi:
Para U:
∪= 𝑘𝑝 . 𝑉𝑖
∪= (165.73). (0.45)
∪= 74.58 𝑚/𝑠
1
𝐻𝑒 = ( ) . (1 + 𝜓 . 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽2 ) . (𝑉1 −∪) .∪
8
1
𝐻𝑒 = ( ) . (1 + 0.875 . 𝑐𝑜𝑠8°) . (153.3 − 74.58) . (74.58)
8
𝐻𝑒 = 1111.702 𝑚
h) CÁLCULO DE RENDIMIENTO HIDRAULICO (ni):
𝐻𝑒
𝑛1 =
𝐻
1111.702
𝑛1 =
1400
𝑛1 = 0.798
CÁLCULO DE nt:
𝑛𝑡 = 𝑛𝐻 . 𝑛𝑚
𝑛𝑡 = (0.798). (0.935)
𝑛𝑡 = 0.746
𝑁𝑒𝑗𝑒 = 𝑛𝑡 . 𝑁𝑖
𝑁𝑒𝑗𝑒 = 13925.33 𝑐. 𝑣.
𝑘𝑤
𝑁𝑒𝑗𝑒 = (13925.33 𝑐. 𝑣. ) (0.735 )
𝑐. 𝑣.
𝑁𝑒𝑗𝑒 = 10235.11 𝑘𝑤
DIMENSIONAMIENTO DE LA CUCHARA:
1. DIÁMETRODE LA PUNTA:
7
𝐷𝑝 = 𝐷 + (2) ( ) (𝑑)
6
7
𝐷𝑝 = 1.186 + (2) ( ) (0.0911)
6
𝐷𝑝 = 1.398 𝑚
2. DIÁMETRO EXTERIOR DEÑ RODETE:
𝐷𝐸 = 𝐷𝑝 + 𝑑
𝐷𝐸 = 1.398 + 0.0911
𝐷𝐸 = 1.4891 𝑚
Corte I: 35º