Integrity Management of Pipelines and Risers.

How to ensure integrity from well to shore?

Bente H Leinum and Øyvin Eriksen

 Pipeline & Riser – System Thinking

Systems thinking is the process of

understanding how things influence
one another within a whole

 from well to shore

 from concept to
operation
 from internal flow to
external threats

Integrity Management of Pipelines and Risers.

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 DNV RP-F116 definition of Pipeline System Integrity

 The function of submarine pipeline systems is to efficiently and safely

transport a variety of fluids
 ‘Pipeline system integrity’ is defined as the pipeline system’s
structural/containment function.
 There are two main failure modes;

1. Loss of containment – leakage or full bore rupture

2. Gross deformation of the pipe cross section resulting

in either reduced static strength or fatigue strength.

Integrity Management of Pipelines and Risers.

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 Integrity Management in the Operational Phase  System Thinking

Structural Integrity Flow Integrity

Functional Integrity Production Integrity

Integrity Management of Pipelines and Risers.

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 Overall framework for the IM-process
Management Processes

Core processes

- Policy & Strategy - Administration (information

- Safety Philosophy management, doc control)
- Leadership Commitment - Reporting & Communication
- Regulatory & Other Requirements - HR (people, competence & training)
(Compliance) - Project Management
- Planning - Contractors & Purchasing
- External Communications - Emergency Preparedness
- Audits - Learning from Events
- Results and Review - Management of Change
- Risk Management - Incident Reporting
- Interface Management

Support Processes

Integrity Management of Pipelines and Risers.

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 System Overview –
From Design during Operation
DFI  Commissioning & Operation 
Sub-system Approach System Approach
e.g.
Equipment

Operation Readiness - Handover

Pipelines

Risers Control systems

Projects Operation unit

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 IM-Process in a life cycle perspective

The integrity is
 Established during the concept, design and construction
phases
 Maintained in the operations phase
 Transferred from the development phase to the operations
phase. This interface involves transfer of vital data and
information about the system.

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 Planned development:
Complete Integrity Management (IM) Codes

Technical requirements – DNV standards (OS) and ISO

Management system
DNV-RP-Fxxx

Pipeline Flexible Risers Subsea Well Flow

DNV-RP-F116 DNV-RP-Fxxx DNV-RP-F206 DNV-RP-Fxxx DNV-RP-Fxxx DNV-RP-Fxxx

Technical guidelines - DNV recommended practices (RP)

Harmonized risk philosophy and documents

Both high level and detailed technical guidelines

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 Risk assessment and knowing the threat picture
 General industry practice  a risk based approach should be applied
The North Sea The Gulf of Mexico
 Identify and manage threats Corrosion
27 % Corrosion
40 %

- combined effect of threats Structural

5%

- changes in threat picture. Material

Impact
10 % Structural
Impact 7%
8%
24 %
Anchor Material
6% 4%
Other
11 %
Nat. Hazard Nat. Hazard Other

Examples: Anchor
18 %
5% 17 % 18 %

Integrity Management of Pipelines and Risers.

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 Example 1: Dong Energy – Siri-Field – Si to Ni 10” WI line
Pipeline data
10” WI line (buried), Material grade SML 450 I
DFPS. D (outer):273mm, WT (nominal): 14.4 mm
(incl. 4mm corrosion allowance), L: 32 km.

Damage to pipeline
6 o’clock pitting corrosion. Wall thickness
reduction of up to 70%  leak at approx.3km
from the Siri platform after 3,5 year in operation
(design life: 15 year)

Cause of incident
6 o’clock Microbiologically induced corrosion.

Consequences and solution

Replacement of corroded section of pipeline. A
cleaning frequency of 1 month was
recommended for further operation.

Integrity Management of Pipelines and Risers.

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 Example 1: Dong Energy – Siri-Field

Siri
Nini

Umbilical
Cecilie 32 km

10" Water injection

4" Gas lift
km 9 km 14" Multiphase
13 Stine S1
Production SCB-1 SCB-2 Water injection
SAL
Oil Storage tank System 16" Oil
3” Gas lift
10" Water injection
8” Multiphase
4" Gas lift
12" Multiphase

The Siri-Nini-Cecilie-Stine Field

Review of data from corrosion control, surveillance

data and procedures showed that the some part of
the pipeline integrity management system had not
been satisfactory implemented or in accordance
with own control program.

 Management commitment

 Revamp of Integrity Management System

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 Example 2: Online monitoring of Ship Traffic
 The ship specific information found in the AIS data can be improved by joining the sources
with a ship register
 DNV holds a comprehensive ship register which is continuously monitored and updated
 Other supporting data sources can be included in the DNV data model as e.g. pipeline
data,…

Ship register
Real time AIS Continuous data capture and processing
 Ship ID
data Modeling of:
 Ship type
 Ship ID  Environmental performance
 Safety analysis  Ship particulars, size
 Position (long/lat)
 Pipeline inspection planning (3rd party activity)  Machinery details
 Speed
 Other…  Capabilities
 Etc.
 Anchor size
 Cargo types

Aggregated data / export

 For ship types and sizes
 For selected time frame and area
 Prepared for GIS presentation (selected grid )
 Etc.

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 Example 2: Online monitoring of Ship Traffic - Trawling
Fishing vessels 1000 - 4999 Gt
 Motivation: The size of trawl gear has increased
over the last decades and trawling may impose
larger loads than the pipelines originally was
designed for.
 Trawl Tracking: AIS (Automatic Identification
System) data can be used to track trawling activity.
 Trawling Equipment: Each individual trawler has
been identified. Most of these have provided
information on equipment used
 Pipeline trawl crossing frequency for different
equipment categories is calculated along the
pipeline route
 Together with pipeline data and results from
external pipeline survey, this forms the basis for
- more detailed load analysis
- optimised mitigation actions (e.g. rock dumping)
- focused inspections (w.r.t. 3 party threat)
Example of fishing vessels & pipeline network
(density plot)
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 Example 2: Pipeline vertical config.and trawl crossing frequency

AIS_Total = Total number of crossings, AIS_CW_6-7_5T = Crossing with Clump weight between 6.0 and 7.5 tones
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 Summary - Encourage system thinking

 Interface management

 Increased awareness
- know your system
- build cross discipline competence
- ensure transfer of experience

 Compliance and Performance

- management commitment

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 Safeguarding life, property
and the environment

www.dnv.com

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