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Problema F1
Determinar F4
• Deformações F5
• Deslocamentos
• Equações de Equilíbrio
∂σ xx ∂σ xy ∂σ xz
+ + =0
∂x ∂y ∂z
∂σ xy ∂σ yy ∂σ yz
+ + =0
∂x ∂y ∂z
∂σ xz ∂σ yz ∂σ zz
+ + =0
∂x ∂y ∂z
∂u x 1 1 ⎛ ∂u x ∂u y ⎞
ε xx = ε xy = γ xy = ⎜⎜ + ⎟⎟
∂x 2 2 ⎝ ∂y ∂x ⎠
∂u y 1 1 ⎛ ∂u x ∂u z ⎞
ε yy = ε xz = γ xz = ⎜ + ⎟
∂y 2 2 ⎝ ∂z ∂x ⎠
∂u z 1 1 ⎛ ∂u y ∂u z ⎞
ε zz = ε yz = γ yz = ⎜⎜ + ⎟⎟
∂z 2 2 ⎝ ∂z ∂y ⎠
σ xx σ yy σ zz σ xy
ε xx = −ν −ν + α ΔT ε xy =
E E E 2G
σ xx σ yy σ zz σ xz
ε yy = −ν + −ν + α ΔT ε xz =
E E E 2G
σ xx σ yy σ zz σ yz
ε zz = −ν −ν + + α ΔT ε yz =
E E E 2G
E
G=
2(1 + ν )
Mecânica dos Sólidos II
Teoria da Elasticidade
• 15 Equações
– Equilíbrio (3) F1
ux , u y , uz F4
σ xx , σ yy , σ zz , σ xy , σ xz , σ yz
F6
ε xx , ε yy , ε zz , ε xy , ε xz , ε yz
F5
• Condições de contorno
Mecânica dos Sólidos II
Teoria de Vigas
q(x)
z
3D
q(x)
n(x)
1D
x
σ0
b
a pi
po
σ0
Coordenadas Cilíndricas
⎡σ rr σ rθ σ rz ⎤ σ zz
⎢ ⎥
[σ ] = ⎢σ rθ σ θθ σ θ z ⎥ σθ z
⎢σ rz σ rz
⎣ σ θ z σ zz ⎥⎦ σ rθ
σ rz σ rθ
σ θθ
σθ z σ rr
Coordenadas Cilíndricas
∂σ rr 1 ∂σ rθ ∂σ rz σ rr − σ θθ
+ + + =0
∂r r ∂θ ∂z r
∂σ rθ 1 ∂σ θθ ∂σ θ z σ rθ
+ + +2 =0
∂r r ∂θ ∂z r
∂σ rz 1 ∂σ θ z ∂σ zz σ rz
+ + + =0
∂r r ∂θ ∂z r
Coordenadas Cilindricas
∂u r 1 1 ⎛ ∂uθ 1 ∂u r uθ ⎞
ε rr = ε rθ = γ rθ = ⎜ + + ⎟
∂r 2 2 ⎝ ∂r r ∂θ r ⎠
1 ∂uθ u r 1 1 ⎛ ∂ur ∂u z ⎞
ε θθ = + ε rz = γ rz = ⎜ + ⎟
r ∂θ r 2 2 ⎝ ∂z ∂r ⎠
∂u z 1 1 ⎛ 1 ∂u z ∂uθ ⎞
ε zz = εθ z = γ θ z = ⎜ + ⎟
∂z 2 2 ⎝ r ∂θ ∂z ⎠
σ rr σ θθ σ zz σ rθ
ε rr = −ν −ν + α ΔT ε rθ =
E E E 2G
σ rr σ θθ σ zz σθz
ε θθ = −ν + −ν + α ΔT εθ z =
E E E 2G
σ rr σ θθ σ zz σ rz
ε zz = −ν −ν + + α ΔT ε rz =
E E E 2G
E
G=
2(1 + ν )
Mecânica dos Sólidos II
Cilindros de Paredes Grossas
σ0
b
a pi
po
σ0
d 2ur 1 du r ur B
2
+ − 2 = 0 ⇒ ur (r ) = Ar +
dr r dr r r
σ0 σ zz = σ 0
ur =
(
1 −ν pi a 2 − pob 2
r+
)
1 + ν a 2b 2 ( pi − po ) ν r
− σ0
E 2
b −a( 2
E) 2
(
b −a r 2
)E
⎛ b 2 ⎞ ⎛ b 2 ⎞
⎜⎜ 2 − 1⎟⎟ ⎜⎜ 2 + 1⎟⎟
r r
σ rr = − ⎝ 2 ⎠ P σ θθ = ⎝ 2 ⎠ P
⎛ b ⎞ ⎛ b ⎞
⎜⎜ 2 − 1⎟⎟ ⎜⎜ 2 − 1⎟⎟
⎝ a ⎠ ⎝ a ⎠
⎛ 1 −ν a2 1 +ν a 2b 2 ⎞ ν r
ur = ⎜⎜ r+ ⎟⎟ P − σ0
2
(
⎝ E b − a
2
) 2 2
E b − a r ⎠ ( E )
0.8
1 1
0.6 1− +
max{σ θθ } X 2X 2
=
PD 2t 1
0.4 1−
2X
σ rr 0.2
PD 2t 0.0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
σrr
-0.8
σθθ
-1.0
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
2r/D
0.8
0.6
0.4
σ rr 0.2
PD 2t 0.0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6 σrr
-0.8
σθθ
-1.0
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
2r/D
0.8
0.6
0.4
σ rr 0.2
PD 2t 0.0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6 σrr
-0.8
σθθ
-1.0
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
2r/D
0.8
0.6
0.4
σ rr 0.2
PD 2t 0.0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
σrr
-0.8
σθθ
-1.0
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
2r/D
0.8 GASBOL
0.6 D = 32”, t = 0.451”
0.4
σ rr 0.2
PD 2t 0.0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
σrr
-0.8
σθθ
-1.0
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
2r/D
0.8
0.6
0.4
σ rr 0.2
PD 2t 0.0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
σrr
-0.8
σθθ
-1.0
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
2r/D
0.950
GASBOL
0.925
D/2t = 35.5
max{σ θθ }
= 0.986
0.900 PD 2t
0.875
0.850
aT = 40 mm
aT bT = 60 mm
bT bJ = 100 mm
Determine o valor de aJ
para que a tensão
compressiva de contato
entre o tubo e a jaqueta
seja de – 50 MPa.
E = 200 GPa
ν = 0.3
50 MPa
Tubo Jaqueta
bT
aJ + δJ = bT - δT
δT
δJ δT = - ur(bT)
aJ δJ = ur(aJ)
pi = 0
po = P = 50 MPa
PbT
u r (bT ) = −
(
E bT2 − aT2
() (1 −ν )b2
T + (1 + ν )aT2 )
PbT
Tubo
δT =
(
E bT2 − aT2
() (1 −ν )b 2
T + (1 + ν )aT2 )
pi = P = 50 MPa
po = 0
50 MPa
Pa J
u r (a J ) =
(
E b 2J − a 2J
() (1 − ν ) a 2 2
J + (1 + ν )b J )
Pa J
δJ =
( 2
E bJ − a J 2
()(1 − ν ) a 2
J + (1 + ν )b )
2
J
Jaqueta
Pa J
aJ +
(
E b 2J − a 2J
() (1 −ν )a 2
J + (1 + ν )b 2J )
PbT
= bT −
(
E bT2 − a T2
() (1 −ν )b
2
T + (1 + ν )a T2 )
a 0J = bT
Repetir enquanto a nJ +1 − a nJ > tolerância
PbT
aJ n +1
= bT −
(
E bT2 − a T2
() (1 −ν )b 2
T + (1 + ν )a T2 )
Pa nJ 2
−
n 2 ⎞ ⎝
( )
⎛⎜ (1 − ν ) a n + (1 + ν )b 2J ⎞⎟
⎛
⎝
2
( )
E ⎜ b J − a J ⎟
⎠
J
⎠
aT = 40.00 mm
aT bT = 60.00 mm
bT aJ = 59.93 ,mm
bJ = 100.00 mm
E = 200 GPa
bJ ν = 0.3
aJ Determine a máxima
tensão circunferencial
250 MPa P
bT
aJ + δJ = bT - δT
δT
δJ δT = - ur(bT)
aJ δJ = ur(aJ)
Mecânica dos Sólidos II
Problema 2 (Sol.)
pi = 250 MPa
250 MPa
po = P
δ T = −ur (bT ) = −
2aT2 bT
pi +
(( )
1 − ν )bT2 + (1 + ν )aT2 bT
P
( 2
E bT − aT 2
) ( 2
E bT − aT 2
)
pi = P
P
po = 0
Pa J
δ J = ur (a J ) =
(
E b 2J − a 2J
() (1 −ν )a 2
J + (1 + ν )b 2J )
Tensão circunferencial
250 MPa
máxima no tubo jaquetado
max{σ θθ } = σ θθ (aT )=
(2
b
T )
aT2 + 1 bT2 aT2
pi − 2 2 2 P
(b
2
T
2
)
aT − 1 (
bT aT − 1 )
max{σ θθ } = 166.75 MPa
σ θθ = 150.47 MPa
σ rr = 0
250 MPa
σ θθ = 285.3 MPa
σ rr = −134.24 MPa
σ θθ = 166.75 MPa
σ rr = −250 MPa
Tubo Homogêneo
250 MPa
Tensão circunferencial máxima num
tubo sem a jaqueta (raio interno aT e
raio externo bJ)
max{σ θθ } = σ θθ (aT )=
(b 2
J )
aT2 + 1
pi
(b 2
J
2
aT − 1) σ θθ = 345.24 MPa
σ rr = −250 MPa
max{σ θθ } = 345.24 MPa
Tubo Homogêneo
σθθ
σrr