Process description

In our journal it was purposed that anaerobic treatment can be use to encounter leachate
production from municipal landfill sanitary.
The treatment process happened in anaerobic sequencing batch reactors (AnSBR)in
experimental scale .The main advantages of AnSBR are the possibility of achieving high solids
retention, high organic matter removal efficiency, providing better effluent quality control and
the possibility of suitable process control. The biomass is not in suspension mode but it
attached on the surface like a cube shaped filled in the basket in the reactor. The process
happened in 4 stages: feeding, reaction (with stirring or liquid recirculation), sludge settling,
and effluent draw. The loss of biomass depends on the sedimentation step, the effectiveness of
which depends on the formation of biomass with good settling characteristics however we can
safely consider the biomass concentration is constant.

In our selected journal purpose is to evaluate the performance of a pilot-scale AnSBBR to treat
landfill leachate, and obtaining kinetic parameters for anaerobic pre-treatment of landfill
leachate liquid.
Whole process was assumed to be first order reaction which will follow as the equation below.
𝑑Cs
= − k ( Cs – CRS ) . CX
𝑑𝑡

The reactor was assumed to be in normal condition which is at 25oC, In the equation k was
collated by using vent Hoff Arrhenius that relate temperature and rate constant .

𝑘𝑇 = 𝑘25𝑜 𝐶 . 𝜃 𝑇−25

Ө was estimated by taking T as mean temperature between intervals. It was reported that the
temperature activity coefficient Ө=1.07 as reported by Blakey et al .1997 by substituting mean
temperature at steady state 25oC into the equation we obtain the value of

k25 to be 4.4x10-5 LmgTVS-1 d-1

It was assume that the biomass concentration Cx is constant throughout the process. Cx is
13925mgTVS L-1 In the journal we found out that residual concentration CSR is recalcitrant to the
anaerobic treatment, which we consider as disturbance in the whole process. This
concentration is independent to temperature but depends on the concentration of the
recovery compound present in the leachate that cannot be treated by anaerobic process. C SR
vary depending on the leachate characteristic the CSR value ranged from 2811 mgCODFilt.L-1 to
3400 mgCODFilt.L-1 for three profiles and finding out that value of 3069 mgCODFilt.L-1 for the
profile of the mean concentration at 25oC. Biomass sample at the end of stage 5 is claimed be
be similar to that of Methanosarcina sp.

Summary

We obtained non interacting process system output variable is depending on residual

concentration and temperature of the system. We take account the temperature at 25oC as
steady state process which give the value of k=4.4x10-5 LmgTVS-1 d-1 also we found out that
mean value of the residual concentration of 3 profiles at 25oC is CSR = 3068 mgCODFilt.L-1 to be
considered in our model development after degree of freedom analysis is carried out.Change in
k will change the value of Cs by ratio of -158.27x106 which is the value of steady state gain.
Change in CSR will change the output value by 1. We test out our dynamic model by using
simulink and we obtained the dynamic behavioral profile of the process as shown in the figure.

Conclusion

From the dynamic transfer function derived we can clearly see that the dynamic behavioral of
the AnSBR follows the first order system consists of two variables which are manipulated
variable temperature T and disturbance variable that is residual concentration CSR. Based on the
transfer function derived we found out that the time constant is τ= 1.632 day and steady state
gain is K=-158.27x106 . The process is simple and we can use dynamic behavior to achieve the
output variable Leachate concentration Cs that we desired for pre-treatment of municipal
landfill liquid in pilot plant scale.