DCH/HSUPA Fairness

Feature Guide
 DCH/HSUPA Fairness

DCH/HSUPA Fairness
Version Date Author Reviewer Notes

Compared with UR14, there is no change

V1.00 2016/04/26 Wu Zexian Ma Yongchao
except software version.

© 2016 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved.

ZTE CONFIDENTIAL: This document contains proprietary information of ZTE and is not to be disclosed or used
without the prior written permission of ZTE.
Due to update and improvement of ZTE products and technologies, information in this document is subjected to
change without notice.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Feature Attribute ............................................................................................... 4

2 Overview ............................................................................................................ 4
2.1 Feature Introduction ............................................................................................. 4
2.1.1 ZWF25-01-036 DCH/HSUPA Fairness ................................................................ 4
2.2 License Control .................................................................................................... 5
2.3 Correlation With Other Features .......................................................................... 5

3 Technical Description ....................................................................................... 5

3.1 ZWF25-01-036 DCH/HSUPA Fairness ................................................................ 5

4 Parameters....................................................................................................... 10

5 Related Counters and Alarms ........................................................................ 12

5.1 Related Counters ............................................................................................... 12
5.2 Related Alarms .................................................................................................. 12

6 Engineering Guide .......................................................................................... 13

6.1 Application Scenario .......................................................................................... 13
6.2 Feature Activation Procedure ............................................................................. 13
6.3 Feature Validation Procedure............................................................................. 18
6.4 Feature Deactivation Procedure......................................................................... 19
6.5 Impact on the Network ....................................................................................... 20

7 Abbreviation .................................................................................................... 20

8 Reference Document....................................................................................... 21

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FIGURES

Figure 3-1 DCH/HSUPA Fairness Adjustment Flow ............................................................ 6

Figure 6-1 Parameter Configuration 1 ................................................................................14
Figure 6-2 Parameter Configuration 2 ................................................................................15
Figure 6-3 Parameter Configuration 3 ................................................................................16
Figure 6-4 Parameter Configuration 4 ................................................................................17
Figure 6-5 Parameter Configuration 5 ................................................................................18

TABLES

Table 2-1 License Control List ............................................................................................ 5

Table 4-1 Parameter List ...................................................................................................10
Table 5-1 Counter List .......................................................................................................12
Table 6-1 Feature Validation Procedure.............................................................................18
Table 6-2 RNC Parameter List 2 ........................................................................................19

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1 Feature Attribute
RNC version: [ZXWR RNC V3.15.10.20/ZXUR 9000 V4.15.10.20]

Node B version: [ZXSDR V4.15.10]

Attribute: [Optional]

Involved NEs:
NE Name Related or Not Special Requirement

UE -

Node B -

RNC √

MSC -

MGW -

SGSN -

GGSN -

HLR -
“√”: involved, “-”: not involved

2 Overview

2.1 Feature Introduction

2.1.1 ZWF25-01-036 DCH/HSUPA Fairness

In a cell shared by R99 and HSUPA services, the uplink cell resources are preferentially
allocated to R99 users in most cases. As more and more HSUPA handsets are
penetrating commercial networks, the uplink bit rate of HSUPA users may be lower than
that of R99 users over a long period, resulting in a bad experience for HSUPA users. An
HSUPA congestion status is recognized when the number of unhappy HSUPA users is
higher than the predefined threshold and the bit rate of unhappy HSUPA users is lower
than the predefined threshold. The uplink bit rate of online R99 users is downgraded, and

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the upgrade requirements for their uplink bit rate are rejected until the congestion is
removed.

2.2 License Control

Table 2-1 License Control List

License Configured
Feature ID Feature Name Unit
Control Item NE

DCH/HSUPA DCH/HSUPA
ZWF25-01-036 RNC RNC
Fairness Fairness

2.3 Correlation With Other Features

1. Required Features

ZWF25-01-A HSUPA Introduction Package

2. Mutually Exclusive Features

None

3. Affected Features

None

3 Technical Description

3.1 ZWF25-01-036 DCH/HSUPA Fairness

The feature is controlled by the RNC-level switch URncFunction.upaR99FarSwch and

the cell-level switch UCHspa.cellUpaR99FarInd. Only when both the switches are set to
ON, is this feature enabled.

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The basic principle of this feature is described as follows:

When the number of unhappy HSUPA users in a cell reaches a certain threshold, the cell
is in unhappy status. To balance the cell uplink resources used for HSUPA services and
R99 services and to improve HSUPA user experience, the downgrade for uplink R99 PS
users is triggered and the upgrade for uplink R99 PS users is limited when a cell is in
unhappy status.

The DCH/HSUPA fairness adjustment flow is described as follows.

Figure 3-1 DCH/HSUPA Fairness Adjustment Flow

start

The Node B reports common

measurements (RSEPS)
periodically.

No
The RNC determines
whether a cell is in
unhappy status.
Yes

The RNC triggers

R99 PS service
Downgrade.
No

The RNC determines

whether the cell leaves
unhappy status.

Yes

end

The specific strategy for DCH/HSUPA fairness adjustment is described as follows:

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1. The Node B periodically reports common measurements (RSEPS) to the RNC,

including the list of unhappy HSUPA users and the Average_Rate of each unhappy
HSUPA user.

2. The RNC determines whether the cell is in unhappy status:

i. The RNC recognizes unhappy HSUPA users. If the following condition is met,
an HSUPA user is considered to be unhappy:

The UE ID of the user is included in the list of unhappy HSUPA users and the
Average_Rate of the user is less than or equal to UhpUsrRatTrigThd.

Where,

UhpUsrRatTrigThd is the threshold rate at which a UE is recognized as an

unhappy HSUPA user. This threshold is defined by the
UCelInfoFDD.UhpUsrRatTrigThd parameter.

ii. The RNC determines whether the cell is in unhappy status based on the
number of unhappy HSUPA users in the cell.

If the following formula is met a consecutive number of times

(UCelInfoFDD.HsupaUhpJugTimes), the cell is considered to enter unhappy
status.

NumUnhappyUE ≥ NumUnhappyUE_Thresh

Where,

 NumUnhappyUE is the number of unhappy HSUPA users recognized through

step 2.1, and

 NumUnhappyUE_Thresh is the threshold number of users in the cell by which

it is considered to enter unhappy status. This threshold is defined by the
UCelInfoFDD.UhpUsrNumTrigThd parameter.

3. The following control strategy applies when the cell is in unhappy status:

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When the RNC receives a common measurement report (RSEPS), it performs the
following actions:

If the formula NumUnhappyUE>= NumUnhappyUE_Thresh is met, the rate for R99

PS services is decreased once only.

 If UCHspa.ulDecHSDPARatSwch is set to ON, the uplink rates of both HSDPA

and R99 PS services are decreased.

 Otherwise, only the rate of R99 services is decreased.

The rate of R99 PS services is decreased by one level each time. The minimum
rate of R99 PS services is Max (R99UlMinRate, GBR or NBR). At most, N users are
downgraded each time.

Where,

 R99UlMinRate is defined by the UCellInfoFDD.R99UIMinRat parameter.

 GBR is a guaranteed bit rate used for streaming services.

 NBR is a nominal bit rate used for interactive/background services.

 N is determined by the ULdCtrl.MaxNumUeOfDecRat parameter.

Note:

 The principles for selecting users to downgrade are the same as those
described in the ZTE UMTS Congestion Control Feature Guide.

 If the rate of a user is less than or equal to the allowed minimum rate, the user
is not downgraded.

If the cell is in unhappy status and the R99 PS services trigger an upgrade, the
maximum rate of the R99 PS services equal the value defined by the
UCelInfoFDD.R99UlMinRat parameter.

 If UCHspa.ulDecHSDPARatSwch is set to ON, the uplink data rate upgrade for

both HSDPA and R99 PS services is restricted.

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 Otherwise, only the uplink data rate upgrade for R99 PS services is restricted.

the uplink initial access rate:

 If new R99 PS service is beared on DCH channel, the uplink initial access rate
= min( max(min(InitialRateUl, R99ulMinRat), GBR), MBR, “DCH Limited Rate”),
for macro diversity, the R99ulMinRat is set to the minimum value of
R99ulMinRat of all the unhappy cells in the active set.

 For IUR, if the R99ulMinRat can not be obtained,the IUR cells is considered as
not being unhappy status.

 For incoming relocation, call reestablishment, hard handover, if the target cell
is unhappy and beared channel is DCH, the the uplink initial access rate =
min( max(min(InitialRateUl, R99ulMinRat), GBR), MBR, “DCH Limited Rate”).

Wherein,InitialRateUl is obtained from ULogicalRnc.initialRateUl，R99ulMinRat

is obtained from UCelInfoFDD.R99UlMinRat，DCH Limited Rate is described in
ZTE UMTS Dynamic Radio Bearer Control Feature Guide

4. The strategy for the cell leaving unhappy HSUPA status is described as follows.

If the following formula is met a consecutive number of times

(UCelInfoFDD.HsupaUhpJugTimes), the cell leaves unhappy status.

NumUnhappyUE ≤ NumUnhappyUE_RecThresh

Where,

 NumUnhappyUE is the number of unhappy HSUPA users recognized through

step 2.1

 NumUnhappyUE_RecThresh is the recovering threshold number of users in

the cell by which it is considered to leave unhappy status. This threshold is
defined by the UCelInfoFDD.UhpUsrNumRecThd parameter.

When a cell leaves unhappy status, the rate of R99 PS services is not decreased
due to unhappy status.

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4 Parameters

Table 4-1 Parameter List

Parameter GUI Name Parameter Description Value Unit Default Recom

Name Range Value mende
d
Value

URncFunct Function This parameter indicates 0: Off N/A 0: Off 1: On

ion.upaR9 Switch of function switch of 1: On
9FarSwch Congestion congestion control of
Control of HSUPA Vs. R99 fairness.
HSUPA vs
R99 Fairness

UCHspa.c Indicator of This parameter indicates 0: Not N/A 0: Not 1:

ellUpaR99 Congestion the cell support the Supporte Support Support
FarInd Control of congestion control of d ed ed
HSUPA vs HSUPA Vs. R99 fairness 1:
R99 Fairness or not. Supporte
of cell d

UCelInfoF The Judgment This parameter indicates 0..255 N/A 3 3

DD.hsupa Times for the judgment times for
UhpJugTi HSUPA HSUPA unhappy state.
mes Unhappy When the consecutive
State times of all the conditions
satisfied is equal to or
more than this parameter
value, the cell is
considered to enter
HSUPA unhappy status.

UCelInfoF The Trigger This parameter indicates 1..255 N/A 8 8

DD.uhpUsr Threshold of the trigger threshold of
NumTrigTh User Number user number for HSUPA
d for HSUPA unhappy state.
Unhappy
State

UCelInfoF The Trigger This parameter indicates 0..65535 kbps 32 32

DD.uhpUsr Threshold of the trigger threshold of
RatTrigThd User Rate for user rate for HSUPA

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Parameter GUI Name Parameter Description Value Unit Default Recom

Name Range Value mende
d
Value
HSUPA unhappy state.
Unhappy
State

UCelInfoF The This parameter indicates 0..255 N/A 6 6

DD.uhpUsr Recovering the recovering threshold of
NumRecTh Threshold of user number for HSUPA
d User Number unhappy state.
for HSUPA
Unhappy
State

ULdCtrl.ma Maximum This parameter indicates 1..100 N/A 3 3

xNumUeOf Number of UE the maximum number of
DecRat Decreasing UEs whose rates are
Rate When decreased each time when
Congestion congestion occurs.

UCelInfoF R99 Minimum This parameter indicates 0: 8 kbps N/A 1: 16 1: 16

DD.r99UlM Bit rate for the R99 minimum bit rate 1: 16 kbps kbps
inRat Downgrade for downgrade when kbps
when Cell in HSUPA unhappy state. 2: 32
HSUPA kbps
Unhappy 3: 64
State kbps
4: 128
kbps
5: 384
kbps

UCHspa.ul The Switch of This parameter is the 0: Off N/A 0: Off 1: On

DecHSDP Uplink PS control switch for uplink PS 1: On
ARatSwch Downgrade downgrade for HSDPA
for HSDPA user triggered by HSUPA
User Unhappy. If the parameter
Triggered by is set to "1: On", uplink PS
HSUPA downgrade for HSDPA
Unhappy user is enabled.

ULogicalR Initial Rate of This parameter indicates (8, 16,

kbps
nc.initialRa UL DCH the UL initial access rate 32, 64, 16 16

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Parameter GUI Name Parameter Description Value Unit Default Recom

Name Range Value mende
d
Value
teUl when DCH creating 128, 144,
services. 256, 384)
kbps

5 Related Counters and Alarms

5.1 Related Counters

Table 5-1 Counter List

Counter ID Name

300666 PS HSUPA Streaming traffic UL Throughput(MAC)

300672 PS HSUPA Background traffic UL Throughput(MAC)

300669 PS HSUPA Interactive traffic UL Throughput(MAC)

300589 PS R99 UL Throughput(MAC)

300620 PS R99 DL Throughput(MAC)

C311775715 Number of PS downgraded R99 service caused by
HSUPA unhappy

5.2 Related Alarms

This feature has no related alarm.

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6 Engineering Guide

6.1 Application Scenario

This feature ensures fairness between HSUPA users and R99 users. If this feature is
disabled, the system preferentially allocates resources to R99 users and HSUPA user
experience may be bad. If this feature is enabled, when a cell is in HSUPA unhappy
status, the R99 data rate is restricted to some extent, and HSUPA user experience is
improved.

If resources reserved for HSUPA services are occupied by R99 PS services, this feature
should be enabled to improve HSUPA user experience.

If the operator prefers HSUPA user experience or finds that the current HSUPA
throughput is lower, this feature should be enabled to increase HSUPA service
throughput.

If this feature is enabled, the related thresholds should be configured in accordance with
actual services in the network.

6.2 Feature Activation Procedure

This procedure describes how to locate the parameters related to this feature in the GUI.
The parameter values on the screenshots in the procedure are for reference only. Refer
to Chapter 4 for the recommended values of the related parameters.

In the configuration resource tree, select Modify Area > Managed Element and
double-click UMTS Logical Function Configuration. Set Function Switch of
Congestion Control of HSUPA vs R99 Fairness. See Figure 6-1.

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Figure 6-1 Parameter Configuration 1

In the configuration resource tree, select Modify Area > Managed Element > UMTS
Logical Function Configuration > UTRAN Cell and double-click Hspa Configuration
In A Cell. Set Indicator of Congestion Control of HSUPA vs R99 Fairness of cell.
See Figure 6-2.

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Figure 6-2 Parameter Configuration 2

In the configuration resource tree, select Modify Area > Managed Element > UMTS
Logical Function Configuration > UTRAN Cell and double-click Load Control
Information. Set Maximum Number of UE Decreasing Rate When Congestion. See
Figure 6-3.

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Figure 6-3 Parameter Configuration 3

In the configuration resource tree, select Modify Area > Managed Element > UMTS
Logical Function Configuration > UTRAN Cell and double-click Extended Info of
UTRAN Cell. Set the following parameters:

 The Judgment Times for HSUPA Unhappy State

 The Trigger Threshold of User Number for HSUPA Unhappy State

 The Trigger Threshold of User Rate for HSUPA Unhappy State (kbps)

 The Recovering Threshold of User Number for HSUPA Unhappy State

 R99 Minimum Bitrate for Downgrade when Cell in HSUPA Unhappy State

See Figure 6-4.

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Figure 6-4 Parameter Configuration 4

In the configuration resource tree, select Modify Area > Managed Element > UMTS
Logical Function Configuration > UTRAN Cell and double-click Hspa Configuration
In A Cell. Set The Switch of Uplink PS Downgrade for HSDPA User Triggered by
HSUPA Unhappy. See Figure 6-5.

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Figure 6-5 Parameter Configuration 5

6.3 Feature Validation Procedure

Table 6-1 Feature Validation Procedure

Test Item DCH/HSUPA Fairness

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Test Item DCH/HSUPA Fairness

1. The WCDMA system is operating properly.

2. Cell1 supports HSUPA, HSDPA, and DCH.
3. The DCH/HSUPA Fairness feature is enabled.
4. The Trigger Threshold of User Number for HSUPA Unhappy
State is set to 2, The Recovering Threshold of User Number
for HSUPA Unhappy State is set to 1, and The Trigger
Prerequisites Threshold of User Rate for HSUPA Unhappy State is set to a
rate more than 2048 kbps.
5. R99 UE1 subscribing Interactive/Background class camps on
Cell1 in Idle mode, with MBR ≥ UL384kbps/DL384kbps.
6. R6 or later version UE2 and UE3 subscribing
Interactive/Background class camp on Cell1 in Idle mode, with
MBR ≥ UL2048kbps/DL384kbps.

1. Use UE1 to make a PS call in Cell1 and start FTP upload.

Maintain the PS call.
Steps 2. Use UE2 and UE3 to make a PS call in Cell1 and start FTP
upload. Maintain the PS call.
3. Release all the PS calls.

1. In step1, the UL data rate of UE1 upgrades to the maximum 384

kbps step by step.

Expected 2. In step2, the UL data rate of UE1 downgrades to a lower rate step
Result by step.
3. In step2, the UL data rate of UE2 and UE3 upgrades to a higher
rate.

6.4 Feature Deactivation Procedure

Table 6-2 RNC Parameter List 2

Managed Object. Deactivation

GUI Name Default Value
logic name Value

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Managed Object. Deactivation

GUI Name Default Value
logic name Value

Function Switch of
URncFunction.upaR99
Congestion Control of 0 0
FarSwch
HSUPA vs R99 Fairness

Indicator of Congestion
UCHspa.cellUpaR99F
Control of HSUPA vs R99 0 0
arInd
Fairness of cell

For the description and configuration of these parameters, refer to chapter 6.2.

6.5 Impact on the Network

Advantages of this feature:

1. Guarantees the fairness of resource allocation between HSUPA services and R99
PS services.

2. Improves HSUPA user experience and increases HSUPA throughput by

downgrading R99 services.

Disadvantages of this feature:

1. The rate of R99 services may be decreased, so R99 throughput will be reduced and
R99 user experience may be affected.

2. When the uplink data rate of an HSDPA user is downgraded, if the uplink minimum
data rate threshold is set too small, downlink HSDPA throughput may be affected.

7 Abbreviation
Abbreviation Full Name

DCH Dedicated Channel

HSDPA High Speed Downlink Packet Access

HSUPA High Speed Uplink Packet Access

PS Packet Switched

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R99 Release 1999

GBR Guaranteed Bit Rate

NBR Nominal Bit Rate

UE User Equipment

RSEPS Received Scheduled Enhanced Dedicated Channel Power Share

RNC Radio Network Controller

KPI Key Performance Indicator

8 Reference Document
[1] ZXUR 9000 UMTS (V4.15.10.20) Radio Network Controller Radio Parameter
Reference

[2] ZXWR RNC (V3.15.10.20) Radio Network Controller Radio Parameter Reference

[3] ZXUR 9000 UMTS (V4.15.10.20) Radio Network Controller Performance Counter
Reference

[4] ZXWR RNC (V3.15.10.20) Radio Network Controller Performance Counter Reference

[5] ZTE UMTS Congestion Control Feature Guide

[6] ZTE UMTS Dynamic Radio Bearer Control Feature Guide

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