HIV in Southern Africa

Among Young Adults

By Anh Nguyen
Sarah Alkejek
Vanessa Rangel
Robert Leumaga
Why HIV in South Africa is A Challenge to Public Health?
1. HIV/AIDS is compared as war that killed millions of

people in South Africa (33.2% of all deaths each year), and

other regions.

2. Economy: Mining and manufacturing that require

labor migrants. Labor migrants are one of the factors that

caused HIV to spread.

Demographics

Factors: Poverty, labor migration, limited

access to medical care, lack of education,
cultural barriers, and social stigma.

Poverty: - Numbers of available jobs are extremely low

- Half of South Africa population are living in poverty and a half
of them don’t have social security.
Health Belief Model:
Perceived Susceptibility
● Aware of HIV epidemic
● Knows friends or family who
is HIV positive
Perceived Severity
● Symptoms
● Life Expectancy
● Treatment Cost
● Stigma/ Discrimination
Perceived Barriers
● Condom Cost
● Domestic Violence
● Gender Roles
Increase in Safe Sex
Practice in South
Africa
Perceived Benefits
● Reduced Risk
of infection and HIV related
complications
Social Ecological Model: Living with HIV

Interpersonal: Emotional, Physical, & Financial Stress

Intrapersonal: Relationships & Interactions (Family & Peers)

Organizational: Careers & Lifestyle ( Work, School, Health Organization)

Community: Environment, Public Facilities, Culture ( Programs & Community Involvement)

Society: Infrastructure, Health Facilities, Economics, Education, Policy (Rules & Regulations, WHO)
 Health Outcomes
● South Africa invests more than $1.5 billion annually on HIV/AIDS programs

● In 2015, 7 million people are living with HIV

● 180,000 deaths are reported in South Africa from AIDS related illnesses
Health Prevention & Intervention
Public Health’s Approach to HIV

● Define
● Identify
● Develop/Test (Community-level)
● Implement
● Monitor

Prevention: - designing interventions

● Concept #1: Primary, Secondary, & Tertiary preventions

● Concept #2: Chain of Causation
➔ an agent, a host, the environment