Generic distance relay setting description

Introduction

The generic distance relay consists of:

 5 starting elements (over current starting, Phase Polygonal starting, Phase Mho starting, Ground
Polygonal starting, Ground Mho starting)
 8 mho trip zones (4 phase elements, 4 ground elements )
 8 blinders (4 phase elements, 4 ground elements )
 8 polygonal trip zones (4 phase elements, 4 ground elements )
 8 timers

Structure

The relay consists of a main relay and 8 sub relays.

The main relay is hosting the measurement block , the polarizing block, the starting blocks, the
directional block and the output logic block.
The starting block names are: “Phase Polygonal Starting”, “Ground Polygonal Starting”,”Phase
Mho Starting”, ”Ground Mho Starting” and “ Overcurrent Starting”.
The subrelays are named Phase Z1, Phase Z2, Phase Z3, Phase Z4, Ground Z1, Ground Z2,
Ground Z3, Ground Z4. Each of them is hosting a “Mho” block, a “Polygonal” block , a “Blinder”
block and a timer (“ZT”).

Setting table

SubRelay-Block Setting variable Setting range Setting Setting description

name name unit
Measurement Inom 1;2;5 A Nominal current
Unom 1-440;1 V Nominal Volatge
Phase/Ground idir 0;1 Tripping direction
Polygonal Starting
Xmax 0.1-500;0.01 Sec Ohm +X Reach
Rmax 0.1-500;0.01 Sec Ohm +R Resistance
phi 40-90;1 deg Relay angle
beta -45-45;1 deg +X Angle
Xmin 0.1-500;0.01 Sec Ohm -X Reach
Rmin 0.1-500;0.01 Sec Ohm -R Resistance
alpha -45-45;1 deg -X Angle
Phase/Ground idir 0;1 Tripping direction
Mho Starting
Zm 0.1-500;0.01 Sec Ohm Replica Impedance
 Zres 50-150;1 % Reach Multiplier
phi 40-90;1 deg Relay Angle
alpha 45-135;1 deg Characteristic angle
Zoff 0.1-100;0.01 Sec Ohm Offset impedance
Overcurrent Starting itype 0;1 Type of starting
Ie 0.01-100;0.01 Sec.A Earth fault detection
Ip1 0.01-100;0.01 Sec.A Overcurrent threshold I>
Ip2 0.01-100;0.01 Sec.A Overcurrent threshold I>>
U 0.01-440;0.01 Sec.V Voltage u (I>)
Dir-Z phi 0-90;1 deg Direction angle
phisec 0-90;1 deg Angle operating sector
Polarizing k0 0-10;0.01 Earth factor K0
phik0 -180-180;1 deg Earth factor angle
Phase/Ground idir 0;1 Tripping direction
Zx – Mho
Zm 0.1-500;0.01 Sec Ohm Replica Impedance
Zres 50-150;1 % Reach Multiplier
phi 40-90;1 deg Relay Angle
alpha 45-135;1 deg Characteristic angle
Zoff 0.1-100;0.01 Sec Ohm Offset impedance
Phase/Ground idir 0;1 Tripping direction
Zx - Polygonal
Xmax 0.1-500;0.01 Sec Ohm +X Reach
Rmax 0.1-500;0.01 Sec Ohm +R Resistance
phi 40-90;1 deg Relay angle
beta -45-45;1 deg +X Angle
Xmin 0.1-500;0.01 Sec Ohm -X Reach
Rmin 0.1-500;0.01 Sec Ohm -R Resistance
alpha -45-45;1 deg -X Angle
Phase/Ground X 0.1-500;0.01 Sec Ohm Reactance
Zx - Blinder
phi 0-90;1 deg Relay angle
Phase/Ground TDelay 0-1000;0.01 s Time setting
Zx - ZT