ljilIT8BeIoils

Youwill heartwosalesexecutives a reporttheyarewriting.Look

discussing
at theheadings below,thenlistento thecassetteand:
a) saywhatthereportis about,andwhoit will besentto
b) tick thesub-headingsin thelist belowwhicharedealtwith in thereport.

Z Sates
Figures I Profit I staffRelations
E ttewProducts I Transport I Expenses
I StatfTraining I Position
in Market E nOvertising

A report is an informativeformal piece of writing concerninga particularperson,

place,situation,plan,etc; it is addressedto one'ssuperior/colleagues,
membersof a
committee,etc, and is writtenin responseto a requestor instruction.
Thereare varioustypesof reports,such as:
a) assessmentreports which presentand evaluatethe positiveand/ornegative
featuresof a person,place,plan,etc; they also includeyour opinionand/or
recommendation
b) informativereports which presentinformationconcerninga meetingthat has
taken place,progressmadeon a project,etc;
c) survey reports which presentand analyseinformationgatheredfrom door-to-
door surueys/questionnaires,
includingconclusions drawnfromthis information To:
and suggestions or recommendations From:
d) proposalreportswhichpresentplans,decisionsor suggestions concerning Subject:
possiblefuture coursesof actionfor approvalby one'ssuperiorat work,a bank Date:
manager,membersof a committee,etc.
A successfulreportshouldconsistof:
a) an introductoryparagraphwhich clearlystatesthe purposeand contentof the Paragraph1
report; statethe purposeand
b) a main body in which the relevantinformationis presentedin detail under contentof yourreport
suitablesubheadings;and
c) a conclusionwhichsummarises given,and may includean opin-
the information
ion and/orsuggestion/recommendation Paragraphs2-3-4-5*
Notethat beforeyou startwritingyour reportyou shouldgive informationindicating presenteachaspectof the
who the reportis writtento (name/position/
company,etc),who the reportis written subjectunderseparate
by (name/position),the subjectof the report,and the date:
subheadings (positive/
e.g.To: PeterRoberfs,Chairman,Grosvenor& Sons
negativepointsof each
aspectarepresentedin
From: Lindsay O'Neill,AsslsfantManager
sameparagraph)
Subiecf; Appnisal of Thompson DistributionCo.
Date: 19th March 1997
FinalParagraph
Pointsto consider
generalassessment
Repor t ss hou l db e w ri tte ni n a fo rma ls ty l e(c ompl exsentences,non-col l oqui al opinionand/or
English,frequentuseof the passive,linkingwords/phrases). suggestion/
recommen-
Beforeyou writeyour reportyou shouldthinkof who the reportis beingwrittenby dation
and who the reportis addressedto. * The exactnumber
Giveyour reportan appropriatesubjecttitle,then carefullyplanthe informationyou and division
will present.Thinkof suitablesubheadings, then decideon the information
you will of paragraphs will depend on
the specific instructions for
includeundereachsubheading. Uselinkingwordsto joinyour ideas.
each report task

120
 UnilI fieloils

-4

,ry7
'V
/-- UsefulLanguage
//
! le l.lngrrr fePOftS:

of this reportis to "'

The purpose/aim/intention
thisis a reportconcerning/regarding
As requested, "'

This r epor t , et c c o n ta i n s /o u tl i n e s /e x a m i n e s/assesses...

o To end rePorts:
To concludeflosum up/lnconclusion/On the whole'"'
wouldseemthat "'
on the basisof the pointsmentionedabove,it
l tis ( t her ef or e) fe | t/b e | i e v e d i a p p a re n t/o b v i ous(that)...
lANeconclude/recommend/would suggest(that)"'
is that "' shouldbe "'
My/Ourrecommendation

2 Lookat the beginningsandendingsfromvariousreports'Matchthe

withtheconclusion
introductions andsay:
r whoeachof thesereportsarewrittenby' I
iili',tl- : t

o whotherePortsarewrittenfor' a
o whatthepurpose of eachreportis' A ft is felt,therefore, thatalthough
o whateachof themconcludes and/orrecommends' the initialoutlayfor the centreis
relativelyhigh,thefuturefinancial
1'-t:.':-,rl-- '' benefits will be considerable. In
,, , - tr l
addition, the openingof sucha
shopping centrewouldbe a defi-
commissioned by Ace Taxis Inc'to assess the
1 Thisis the report niteassetto thecommunity.
suitability of theStarcar andtheSarabande forusein theAcetaxi
B Tosumup,it is apparent thatrad-
f|eet.Bothmode|sWererigorous|ytestedandexaminedbyexpert ical
consultants. The research data has changes are necessary in the
mechanics and automotiue
information appears below' company's use of colours andfab-
beenconsolidated andtherelevant
rics.Furthermore, I wouldrecom-
2 This reportcontainsthe suggested plansfor openinga small mend introducing a sportswear
centre in the Kingston area. As requested by the bank' line in the immediate future.
shopping
support is Lquired, the proposed size,number of
whosefinancial C Onthebasisofthepointsmentioned
shops and potential income of the centre are considered'
above, westrongly recommend that
this report examines the client should reduce the retail
3 As requested by the Boardof Designers, priceofthenewproducts
information gatheredfrom observations made at the Miriam inorderto
shows viewed in make them attractive to a wider sec-
Hasawell and AdrianBanksspringcollection
tor of the consumer market.
Parison 5thFebruary andMilanon 9thFebruary'
D Inconclusion, it is obvious thatthe
4 Thepurposeof thisreportis to analyse the resultsof a survey' Starcar is preferable, being better
conducted at the request of FamilyFoodsplc,to gaugepublic valuefor money,betterequipped
r e s p o n s e t o t h e c o m p a n y ' s p r o p o s e d n e w r a n g e o f p a c kand
a g more
e d reliable. lt is therefore
foods.Thereportsummarisesrep|iestoquestionnairescompleted recommended that AceTarisInc.
classified according to income, whosampled the
by 400families, supplement itsfleetwithStarcars.
newproducts on 26thand27thSeptember'
t2l
 fl. Assessmenl
Bepotls
rr;;1Youwill heartwobusiness
peoplediscussing an employee whotheymayrec-
ommend for promotion.
Lookat thetablebelow,thenlistento thecassette
andfill
in the missinginformation.
Finally,usethe notesto talk aboutthe employee's
strengthsandweaknesses.

Purpose . to evoluotesuitobititgof SgtvioWetts

of report for promotionto positionof ..................
Monoger
Assessment POSITIVE
FEATURES NEGATIVE
FEATURES
Personol retioble, hord-worki
ng sometimestends to be
Quotities ond overtg
Customer/Stoff potitet, friendtg, o titttetoo competitive
Retotions w i n s. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .t .r .u. s. .t. . on occosions
Achievements top solesperson once lost on importont
for tost geors solesoccount

Conctusion recommended not recommended [-l

An assessmentreportis a formalpieceof writingwrittenon request,presentingand

evaluatingthe positiveand/ornegativefeaturesof a person,place,plan,etc. lt can
includeyour proposals/suggestionsas well as your generalassessment, opinion To:
andlorrecommendation. An assessmentrepoftshouldconsistof: From:
a) an introductionin whichyou statethe purposeand contentof your report; Subject:
Date:
b) a main body in whichyou presentpositiveand/ornegativeaspectsin detail,
undersuitablesub-headings, whichshowthe topicof eachparagraph. Positive
and negativefeaturesof the sameaspectshouldbe presentedin the same Paragraph 1
paragraph,usinglinkingwords/phrases showingcontrast(however,although,
statethe purposeand con-
despite, but, while, even though, etc); and
tent of your report
c) a final paragraphin whichyou summarise presentedin the
the information
mainbody and stateyour opinionand/orrecommendation.
Presenttensesare normallyused in assessmentreports.Pasttensescan also be Paragraphs2-3-4*
usedfor reportsrelatedto pastevents.e.g.a reportabouta summercamp. presenteach aspectof the
subjectundersuitable
UsefulLanguage sub-headings(positive/
To begin reports:The purpose/aim/intention of this reportis to examine/assess/ negativepointsof each
evaluate the suitability of ...for .../theadvisability of (+ ing)/theperformance of ..., aspect are presentedin
As requested, thisis a reportconcerning/regarding the matter/subject of ...,This the same paragraph)
reportcontainsthe assessmentof ... whichyou requested/asked for, This report
outlinesthe advantagesand disadvantages of ...
To end reports:summarising:To conclude/To sum up/lnconclusion..., Final Paragraph
On the basisof the pointsmentionedabove/Onthe whole,it wouldseemthat ..., generalassessmentand/or
The only/obviousconclusionto be drawnfrom thesefactsis that ... opinion/recom mendation
Recommending:lt is (therefore) felt/believed/apparent/obvious (that)... would be * The exactnumberand
division
idealfor ...,lt would (not)be advisable/advantageous/practical/wise to ..., of paragraphswill dependon
| (strongly)recommend/would suggest(thafl...,My/Ourrecommendation is that ... the specific instructionsfor
shouldbe ...,I recommendthatthe best courseof actionwouldbe ... eachreporttask.

122
 Unil
8uAssessmenl
Bepoils
2 Readthe modelbelowandinsertthe followingwords
theappropriatespaces.
andphrases
Thenlist thepositiveandnegative
thesportscentrein thetabreat thebottomof thepage.
in
aspects
of r -A
*'qrrn'

also,especially,
furtherm,re,However,
In addition,
Ontheotherhand,particularly,Tosumup,therefore

A localsportste.amin yourtownneedsnewfacilities
wheretheywill
tg11l,::11|._r:l^:ti,lolr_:
Asassrstani
coach
havebeenaskedto visita newsportscentre oftheteam,
f11 you
;il i; *iit."l' ;J;;
assessing
thesuitability
ofthecenire.
writevowreport.
It

Svi:nning Club
Thre Chairperson, Dersley PAE 2

Jim Bowen, Assistant

Coacn (s)
Rotheroe SPorts Centre is no careteri;;
i;i .::.:: , rhere
1-0th IaaY 1997

I I}TTRODUTION
report is to assess
the
;1:+HT Jlj*: ;i;;*";;
T:HT"'tr".il
nave to bring
packed rur."n""f"* r*,n".l*r,o
The purpose of this
I

as a pos-
il3|T,'i:T,* cosr
of Rotheroe Sports Centre
""iatfiiity base for the Dersley
sible future training
Sadnrning Club' ;.$#Htr"H#T?;. T .t;
IOCATION A}ID ACCESS
is conveniently located -
*T;": {,*
-r".'';^;thep"""'riili"."i't.ffi"ff
Rotheroe Sporcs Centre
just. off the ni"g RouO t9 the south of Dersley' :::"lt-tr
rh"
",,"ni,,s,":
Estate ' It is
next to aftt o'fut-"to"
Industrial
easilY accessible bY # fr_H,ff":*i*iyn,
;4::
(1)
private transport from.lost
parts of the city ;:d;:,-",n" ;d".,"l.#in:t" ooJu.
and has u*pr". ttle
partcing '. Buses run between
centre every 15
ffi:"S,
i; :::fi' "u..",,tlri;Ji'
#:r:":'ij:l;
trt"
the sports "itv(2) '" " '
"""r-J"--u'ii 1-1-pm'
*Irlr-,tl" from 6 am to
direct services from
other areas may be lim- Hi"Tii:*
wourd
ited, (3)
earlY in the morning beabre.
;; ;;;"ir:":ffi.?:jr11l?".T::_"
or late at night' ffff?d:,_,#tjx**::"
FAcrr'rrr's
offers *an excelrent
range i,,*,
*"r ?#Jt;
The Rotheroe Centre T:"^t:?':.';,
is-of Ollnnprc ii":rl':':, ,H:t".5.o;' i- "o,noJ,
,'ir"'#FlitT:jffi
th" swinrning pool
of facitities' spec-
heated' It has a large
size and is iufly
tator area ana crranging
er space u"a "ftottt"'
Cent r e has t - tu tg " '
(4)
rooms with ample
"""
w e l l -e q u i p p e d g y
lock-

m'
' the
"ff
+=l;T::f r a month,s
time.

vrv

r23
 Unil
8ulssessmenl
fle[orls

3 Lookat thesentencesbelowandidentifrwhichpresent
positiveaspects
andwhichnegativeones.Then,matcheachpositive l:: :::t
responding pointwith thecor- . Facilities " _
negative
one,andjoin themintoonesentence A b
wordsexpressing using linking . Transport
contrast(e.g.arthough,
however,
thefactthat,eventhough,on in spiteofldespite . Shift Work
theotherhand,but,in contrast).
' Worker/It{anage-
a) Thiscaris cheaper
thanothersof thesamesizeand
performance. ment Relations
b) Service
is slowandthemer
1) rtisbvrarthebesr
sporr,.:il:r'''J;'Jrll1-inative
d) Service andsparepuit, areexpensive, b Using the information
anditsfuereconomy in the table.
e) It is onryrp..."to thepubric ispoor. complete the following brief
inthe ,r;"i;;' report
f) commerciar breaks .un .uur. peopre assessingthe work-related
g) Thewaiters to switchchanners. conditions
at thisrestaurant areverypreasant at the factory.you should
h) commerciar andextremery porite. alsowrite a
TV channers usuary.'oor. fofurur,entertaining final paragraphdrawing
shows. conclusions
e . g .l : a ) - p o s i t i v cel )- n e g a t i v e and/ormakingyour recommendation.
Although thiscaris cheaper thanothers t purfpse
of thesame srzeandperformance,
viceandsparepartsare expensive, ser- The purp
anditsfuerec*n,my rsrr0or.
assess Lhis ren
4 o rhe personnerManager at rhe '?ll'u'uft':T't
,:: "t is to
at the factory whereyou
receivedseverarcompraints work has n.rmber
oroll3y, ;;,*tions
from workers.Readthecomments rronr";:.":"*;*;:":Ht"J
workershavemadeandrist some
themin the tabre,as in the ^
2 Facilities
exampre.
Workers'comments n ni-unber
o
rne ru"ro,...f facilities,
s
rea6on'
t?*o".Oca('7en?'r': qood'
serui ce -"-1,;.i"iH
?- Ihe aN
prtces Nhe
\e uoually T
'"*'.;"JJt ;;fisries work-
of ii'" tooa .::"'
able andrie qualwy -LL rtust
-
.wrE other
be hand,
workers, ;
nuree at the Firel Aid P*tuO orrf that
b. There ehouldbe a tralned
EtaNlon. Accidents happen
lo workerE all f'he lirne' "urur],"*o"l3t=1" ;;:
"*""';':ffii::::fi;ffS
:u"tiriuo';:t- *d srarion
C, NoL enouqhshift roLaEion,and trhe new work- ,T" --
ere have Lo do all Lhe niahLlweekendEhifLe. ,-'fn: nr^unber -ItT of rhe
,.,i' acciderrts
v'L
cne facL
ory.
1' at
tbanspoft
d. ltake lhe companybueto qel lo lhe Vlant ft Lhe hd.roio
and never havelo worry aboul NraneVorv'

or
No work n\qhl 'weekenA
€. I am not requlred i smatt ch\tdaN home'
ro,tffi"T"ffT
sh\tNsbecauee?\:';;'
lhelr weiqhL'
f, Some of t'he workereAon'l Pull lo nofice'
hardlYever seern
bul the overoeere

g. The eupervisoreand overoeerg are usually

f air, and geL on well with moEL of the workerE.

h. A ll l h e P a rk i n q 6 ? a c e e a re re eerved for
rnanaqementetaff . Some of ue have care lool

124
 leRoils
8oAssessmenl
Unil

sub'headings
5 Readthemodelbelow,andfill in theappropriate
Recommendation,
(Purpose,
Achievements).
PersonalQualities,
tradership,Qualities,
',rD
ilsotu6s tnE
&v\vtRt
Thenlist thegoodandbadpointsmentioned. Finally,underlinethemost l*-----
*'<---
- ,*-r--..--\-

wordor phrasein bold.

suitable _n,,-*.r---

6 L,ook at the following writing task

summercamp,you havebeenaskedby the
of a children'S
Rs supervisor
of one of the groupleaderswho
managingdirectorto writean assessment instructions and then answer the
for promotion
is beingconsidered Writeyourreport,
to groupcoordinator. questionsbelow.The questionsapply
theemployee
describing whether
andsaying you recommend
would him/her
to both tasks.
fortheposition.
a) You work for a large travel agency
and have just spent a wek on a
small island to see if it would be a
suitable destination for packagehol-
To: JohnWood,
Managing
Director idays. Write a report for Your em'
From: Amanda Hall,
CampSupervisor ployer describing such things as the
Subject:Assessment
ofVictoria
Collins place itself, how to get there, avail'
Date: 14thAugust
1997 able accommodation, restaurants,
transport, tourist attradions and so
A............. on, and state your recommendation
As requested,
thisreportis anassessment
of thesuitability
of Victoria
Collins concerning ib suitability.
lor promotion
to groupcoordinator.
Thereport
summarises herpersonal quali- b) As a senior assistantin the Personnel
qualities
ties,leadership andwork-related
achievements,onthebasisof which Departnent of your comPany, You
hersuitability
depends. have herln asked by the Managing
B .. . . . . . . . . . . . Dirxtor to submit a rePort on one
Victoria is a veryenthusiastic of the temporary emPIoY*s. The
member of staffwhois alwayspleasantandcon- report should include commenb on
siderate andwhosepunctuality recordis commendable. Shehasproved herself the employe's performance, and
to bereliable witha positive
andhelpful attitudetowardsallaspectsof herwork. state whether you would recom-
Forthis sheis admired andrespected byhercolleagues. (1)In addition/As
well mend himlher for a Permanent Posi-
as shehasa wonderful rapport (2)Nevertheless/Despite
withchildren. thefact tion in the company.
thatshehasa tendency towards timidity,
thisdoesnotseemto haveaffected the
quality of herwork.
. What information would you give
c............. before stating the PurPose of the
(3)Besides
this/Although Victoria
hasonlybeen employedherefora short report?
time,shehasalready demonstratedgoodleadershipqualities.
(4) In spite . What is the purpose of each report?
oflMoreover
hershyness, shehas(5)despite/nonetheless
shown thatshepos-
sesses overhergroupina constructive
theabilityto assertherself waywhenev- . What information would you include
er the needarises. Herorganisational
skillsareoutstanding;(6) to sum in the report?
up/furthermore,
sheis ableto workina calmandmethodicalmanner to achieve . In what order would you Presentthis
thedesired
results quickly
andefficiently,
evenunderpressure. information, and under which sub-
D............. headings?
0verthecourse ofthissummer, Victoria
hasvoluntarily
takenonmanyextra What would your recommendation
responsibilities theplanning
involving andorganisation (7)
of newentertainment. be?
Forinstance/Therefore,sherecently to plana series
helped of newactivities What useful expressions could you
which proved
extremely successfulandalsoverypopular (8)
withthechildren. use in the introductory and final
Forexample/Moreover, many of herinnovative
ideas
havebeen addedto our paragraphs?
programme,
existing (9)despite/thus
providinggroup
leadersandcamp guests
witha muchwider varietyofactivity
options
to choosefrom. 7 ChooseONE of the writing tasks
E.............. above,and write a comPletePara'
(10)Additionally/ln
conclusion,I strongly
recommend thatVictoria
should
be graphplanwith notes.Thenwritethe
promotedtotheposition
of groupcoordinator.
I feelsheis anexcellent
candidate
forthejobandwouldbea valuable reportin about300words.
addition
totheteam.

125
 b. Inforlnolitle
Be[oils
m Youwill heartwoteachers whoareorganising a schoolf6te,discussing
the
progressreport they are rvriting on the arrangementswhichhavealreadybeen
made.lnok at thetablebelow,thenlistento thecassette andtick thecorrectbox.
Finally,explainin yourownwordswhatprogress hasbeenmadewith thearrange-
mentsandwhathasnot vetbeendone.

Reoson o At requestof Heodmoster

for writing . Outtiningorrongementsond ptons for schoot f6te

Activitiesfi T sportscompetitions tr sideshows

Entertoinment I totentcontest T mogicion

Venue[r r ggmnosium T sportsfletd

Cotering T sondwichstotts T teo tent

Advertising tr posters tr rodioonnouncement

tr Prizes T book tokens T donotionsfromshops

Conctusion T oheodof schedute T behindschedute

reportis a formalpieceof writing,usuallyto one'ssuperiors,colleaguesor

An informative
membersof a committee.lt presentsinformationconcerningthe progresswhich has
been madeon a project,a meetingthat has taken place or decisionswhichhave been
To:
madeconcerning futureaction.Aninformative
reportshouldconsistof:
From:
Subject:
in whichyoustatethepurpose
a) an introduction andcontentof yourreport; Date:
b) a mainbodyin whichyoupresent various
aspectsofthesubjectundersuitable
sub-
headings;and !ttttoduciittn
c) a finalparagraph in whichyousummariseallpointsmentionedbefore. Paragraph1
statethe purposeand con-
UsefulLanguage tent of your report
To beginreports: fduin
Bodv
Thepurpose/aim/intention ofthisreportisto outline/presenVdiscuss themeeting held Paragraphs2-3-4(5)*
progress
on .../the of .../the
decisionofthecommittee ... presenteachaspectof the
Asrequested, thisis a reportconcerning/regarding thematter/subjectof ... subjectundersuitable
Thisreportcontains the(relevant) information/details ...whichyou
of/concerning subheadings
requested/asked for...
Thisreportoutlinesrecentinvestments in .../changes madeto clubrulesand Conclusion
procedures/the company's achievements in .../concerning ... FinalParagraph
Theinformation belowsummarises theevents whichtookplace... generalassessment/sum-
To endreports: maryof points
Toconclude/To sumup/lnconclusion,
thecurrent
* Theexactnumberanddivi-
stateof affairsis that...
Onthewhole,it wouldbefairto conclude
that... sion of paragraphs will
depend on the specific
I ampleased,
etcto announce/inform
members (that)arrangements areprogressing
instructionsfor each report
smoothly/according
to schedule/faster
thananticipated.../aheadof schedule ...
task
progress
Unfortunately, hasnotbeenasfastasexpected/a numberof difficulties
have
beenencountered/the
issuehasnotbeenresolved ...

120
 "{if
Unil
8bInlodnflive
Beoorts

Readthetaskinstructions andthemodelbelow,andidentiffthetopic
of eachparagraphthenfill in thefollowingsub-headings
in theappro-
priatespaces.
PerformingArtists/Groups Conctusion
cateringandTicketsales Venue,Facilities
andEquipment
Purpose Projected
Costs

Youareorganising a musicconcert,on behalfof a localcharitywhich

is goingto takeplacein threeweeks.writea progressreportfor the
nextmeetingof the charitycommittee,
explaining whatarrangements
havebeenmadeandwhatremainsto be done.

To: The Chairperson,Crowtree Care Croup

From: CharlotteMorris, EventsOrganiser
Subject: Summer Concert
Date: July 29th 1997

1.
The purpose of this report is to outline the progressof arrangements
for the concertto be held on Sunday1 7th Augustto raisefunds for the
Te rm inallllnes sRes e a rc hF u n d .
milsffiuEs
e,\%v/1R
2.
Au d i t ionswer e held o n 1 5 th J u l y to s e l e c tl o c a l p erformers.In addi - 3 Look
utt;;;'il]"il",
tion, two professionalgroups have agreed to appear in the concert
*,u
instructions and then answer the
free of charge. Unfortunately,another band we had hoped would
appear is unavailable.However, our Director of Music, Ms Foxe, is questionsbelow.
confident that the standardwill be more than satisfactory,and states As secretary of the school/college
ar e p ro g re s s i n gs mo o th l y .
th a t r ehear s als photography club, vwite a reprt for
3. the club's annual meting. you
should report on such matters as
The concert will be held in the main area of Crowtree Park,which is
membership, special projer,b and
easily accessibleboth by private and public transport and has good
activitis during the past year, and
. a ti n gw i l l b e h i re d fro m a l ocalcompany,and
p u b l ict oilet f ac ilit ie sSe what has already berln proposd for
a covered stage,to be erected in the centre of the park, has already next year.
b e e n c ohs t r uc t edby v o l u n te e rsu n d e r th e s u p e rvi si onof Mr W i l son.
. What information would you give
4. beforestating the purpose of the report?
Refreshmentswill be provided by local restaurants,who will make . What is the purpose of the report?
their own arrangementsregarding stalls a n d v e ndors. Mr W i l son' s
group of volunteers have agreedto sell tickets at the Town Hall, as
. What information would you include
well as undertakingcrowd control and ti c k e t i n specti onduri ng the in the report?
concert itself. . In what order would you presentthis
information, and under which sub-
5.
purri*ion hur nffint"o by tt'," .ouncil authoritiesfor us to use headings?
the park free of charge,and Harrison Rentalshaveagreedto a reduced . What useful expressionscould you
p ri c e of f 100 f or t h e h i re o f c h a i rs .Ex c l u d i n gth e c ost of pri nti ngti ck- use in the introductory and final
ets and posters,the cost of the concert will be approximatelyf550. paragraphs?

6.
4 Now write a complete paragraph
I am Oelightedto inform the committee that arrangementshave pro-
ceeded fister than anticipated,and the concert promises to be of a plan, with notes,for the task above.
higher standardthan last year's.However, it must be pointed out that Then rvrite the report in about 300
no arrangementshave yet been made concerningpublicity and print- words.
ing, which is now a matter of some urgency'

121
 c.Surttey
fie[oils
Youwill heara marketresearch consultant speaking
to the TouristBoardaboutthe resultsof a survey.Lookat
thepiechart,thenlistento thecassette,
andfill in themiss- Other
ing information.
Whatwasthe surveyabout?
Whatrecommendation doestheconsultant make? Motor
Tours
Caravan/
Hotel/ Camping
Bed& Breakfast
A surveyreportis a formalpieceof writingpresentingand analysing
the results/findingsof researchconcerningreactionsto a product,
plan,etc,includinggeneralassessment, conclusionsand/orrecommen-
dation(s).
A surveyreportconsistsof:
a) an introductionin whichyou statethe purposeand contentof your report;
b) a main body in whichall information collectedon the topicis presentedin detail
undersuitablesubheadings; and
c) a final paragraphin whichyou summarise the pointsmentionedbefore,adding
your recommendation or suggestion(s).
To:
Pointsto consider From:
T he inf or m a ti o np re s e n te dm a y h a v e b e e n g atheredi n a survey/opi ni on
pol l or Subject:
compiledfrom officialstatistical data,and may reflectthe opinions/preferences, etc of
Date:
the generalpublic,a particular groupof people,a randomsampleof the population,
etc. The informationmay be presentedin the form of facts (numbers,percentages and
proportions/,or generalisations (Thisindicafeslsuggestsl inpiies fhaf ...). e.g. Fitty- Paragraph1
five per cent of young people go to the cinemaat leasttwice a month. (fact) This statethe purposeand con-
indicatesthat the cinemais sfi// quite a popular form of entertainmentamong young tent of your report
people. (generalisation)
Use expressionssuch as: one in ten, two out of five,twentyper cent of the people
questioned,a largeproportion,etc. as well as verbs such as: agree,claim, state Paragraphs2-3-4*
Presenttensesare normallyusedto presentgeneralisations.
summariseeach aspectof
UsefulLanguage the surveyunder separate
qubheadingq
To begin reports:
The purpose/aim/intention of this reportis to examine/assess/evaluate the resultsof
a surveyin which ... people/residents/viewers wereaskedabout/whether/what ...
This reportoutlinesthe resultsof a surveyconducted/carried out to determine/ Final Paragraph
discoverthe reaction/popularity/attitudes/opinion of ... generalconclusion/
As requested, thissurveyreportcontainsinformation compiledfrom ... recommendation(s)/
The data includedin this reportwas gathered/obtained by meansof a suggestions
questionnai relatelephonesurvey/door-to-door interviews...
* Theexactnumberanddivision
The information belowsummarises statisticscompiledby ...
To end reports: of paragraphswill dependon
the specific instructionsfor
To conclude/To sum up/lnconclusion, the surveyclearlyshows...,On the basisof
eachreporttask.
thesefindings,it wouldseemthat ...,The resultsof thissurveysuggest/indicate/
demonstrate/reveal that ....etc.

128
 Unil
8cSuruey
fleloils

2 Readthe instructionsand the modelbelow,thencompletethe accom-

panyrngdiagramby insertingthe missingpercentages in the purple
ovals.Finally,think of otherwordsandphrases
whichcouldbeusedto
replacethoseunderlinedin themodel.

companyhascommissioned
A manufacturing youto conducta survey
to determine
consumer awareness andopinionconcerning someof its
products.
Lookatthediagrambelowoutlining theresultsof thissurvey,
andwritea reporton thefindings,
including
theconclusions whichmay
be drawnfromthem.

RJ Barnes, Director,MacRae
Marketing Ltd
Cosmetics
JaneSimmons,Excalibur
Consumer Research HenlrHvSHrne
ConsumerSuruey:
"Healthy Products
Shine" Consumer
SurvegResults
14thOctober1997
Purpose
Theaimof thisreportisto present
outto determine
Shine"range
wasobtained
consumer
products.
of hair-care
froma randomsample
thefindings
awareness
of a suruey
andopinion
Thedataincluded
carried
ofthe"Healthy
inthisreport
of 1,500menandwomen,
?
Do you know --->
NO -->
aged1B- 40,whoresponded to a questionnaire surveyon 16th cny (*" or
and17thSeptember. more) products
Consumer Awareness of ProductRange from the "Heolthy
Of the 1,500respondents surueyed,fortypercentreported that Shhe" rcnge?
theyknewof oneor moreof theproducts in the range.Of these,
percenthadseentheproducts
sixtyJive advertisedontelevisionor
in magazines andtwenty-five percenthadseenthe products dis- ,
Mogozhe
playedin stores.Theremaining tenpercentof thosesurueyed were
of theproductrange. Thefactthatconsumer awareness is & Tde\eion < Where hove you
unaware
lessthana halfsuggests thattelevisionandmagazine advertising 65%
seen the product(s)
hasfaibdto attractthedesired levelof consumer attention.
h store <
odvertised?
Packaging 25%
A lugenumber of thoseawareof theproducts wereof theopinion
thatthepackaging is unattractive. bythefactthat
Thisis highlighted Hove you
percent(almost
fifty-eight 3 outof 5 customers)statedthattheyhad
notsampled theproductline,prefening insteadto purchase com- YES sompledony
petitors'products
withmoreattractive packaging. product(s)h the
QualityandPrice
Of theforty-twopercentof consumers
oneproductin therange,
whohadsampled
onlyfifteenpercentreported
at least
thatthey
I PROBIEM:
Packaging!
I
+
ronge?

hadnotrepurchased theproduct otherproducts

and/orpurchased
NO
in therange.

Onthebasis
Thisindicates
aresatisfied
Conclusion
ofthefindingsabove,
percentof consumers
thateightyJive
withqualityandprice.

it wouldseem thatalthough the

I
After somphng, ---> --->
qualityandretailpricesof "Healthy Shine"products arecompeti- NO
hove you mode

*O'*
tive,a largepercentageof consumers arenotawareof theproduct
range.Furthermore, manyof thosewhoareawareof therangedo my further
notfindthe packaging sufficiently
attractive to inducethemto pur- purchose(s|
of
chase anyof theproducts. Ourrecommendation, therefore, isthat our product(s)?
yourcompany launch a newadvertising campaign to increase con-
sumerawareness, to altering
in addition thepackaging of theentire
range soasto maketheproducts moreappealing to consumers.

t29
 Unil
0cSurYey
fielorls

4 All the sentencesin Bx.3 statefacts.

UsefulLanguage
Generalisations arestatements which
To expressfactsandproportions:
helpclariff thefacts.Theycaneither
Ofthe460people/students/workers who,etc,werequestioned/interviewed
/asked... precedeor comeafterthe facts.Read
etc,percentlofpeople/consumers,
Ten/fifty-six, etcIwereoftheopinion,.. the facts and the generalisations
Themajority/minoritylofviewers/etc lfelt/believed that... listed helow,and decidewhich sen-
percentage
A significant lofthose who responded I expressed (dis)approvalof...
A large/smallproportion lofpeople surveyed I replied/reported that... tencesgotogether. Finally,link them
Overonethird/half lofthoseinterviewed I chose/preferred ... usingoneof the twowaysmentioned
Toexpressgeneralisations: in thetheoryboxon p. 130.
Onthewhole/Mainly/ln general terms/Generally speaking, ...
Mostconsumers prefer..., I whichis shown/illustrated
I
Facts
It is generally
feltthat..., I m proved/demonstrated I bythefactthat...
Fewpeople approve of ..., I asconfirmed/emphasised I Aboutonequarterof thosequestioned
Thisfactsuggests/implies/indicates thattheaverage personchooses ... expressed interestin havinga bowling
Depending ontheirposition, factsandgeneralisations canbelinkedby using green.
verbseitherin theiractiveor passive formasintheexamples: By far the largestnumberof thosesur-
e.g.Onlyfifteenpercentof fhosesurueyed saidthattheywouldpurchase afur veyedresponded positively to the idea
cnt, whichshowslindicateslillustnteslimplies thatmostpeopleare againstthe of havinga swimming poolinstalled.
pncticeof killinganimals fortheirskins.OR
Mostpeopleue againstthepracticeof killinganimals
A smallminorityof thosequestioned
for theirskins,whichis
shownlindicatedlillusftatedlimplied by thekctthatonlyfifteenpercentofthose thoughtthat an arts and craftscentre
surueyed saidthattheywouldpurchase a fur coat. wouldbe a usefuladdition.
Twenty-fourper cent of respondents
3 A property developeris building a retirementcomplex.There is some wanteda bowlinggreenand nineteen
extra space,so they have surveyedprospectiveresidentsas to which
percentrequested a library.
A smallproportionof thepeopleasked
facility they would like included.Look at the results of the
did wantthe developer to build a gym
suryey,then fill in the sentences belowwith the vocabularyprovided.
andaerobics studio.

Generalisations
Someof the prospective residents
do
enjoytakingstrenuous exercise.
b Sociable
team-sports appeal.
c Thereareveryfewpensioners whoenjoy
creativeactivitieslike paintingand
pottery.
pool
swimming bowlinggreen library gym/aerobics
arts& crallscentre Among pensioners, relaxingaquatic
number,majority,per cent,percentage,
onein four sportsaregenerallypreferredto work-
ingoutin a gym.
I The......... .....of thosequestioned wanteda swimming poolbuilt. Outdooractivities
andreadingarequite
) A verysmall .. of thepeoplesurveyed wereinterested popularpastimes.
in havinganartsandcraftscentre.
A reasonablysmall of thosewhoresponded wanteda
bowlinggreenor library.
Twelve of thepeoplewhoresponded to thesun/eywished
to havea gymincluded in thefacilities.
Nearly . of thosequestioned wanteda bowlinggreen
installed.
r30
 fle[oils
8cSulvey
Unil

5 Lookat theresultsof an opinionpollbelow,andtheparagraph entitled 6 Complete thespaces in theparagraph

"services"from the surveyreport.Circlethe statisticsbelowwhich below entitled "Amenities".Then,
havebeenincludedin theextract,saywhethereachphraseunderlined using informationfrom the survey
in the report expresses then replacethe
a fact or a generalisation, results and expressions from the
underlinedphraseswith synonymous phrases from the "Useful "UsefulLanguaget'box, writea further
Language" boxon p. 130. paragraph with the sub'heading
"CouncilEffrciency". Finally,write a
suitableintroductory paragraph anda
Town
I Tlt Lambshorne Council conclusion for thereport.
LIV o P I N I o N s u R v E Y R E s u L r s

to indicatetheir opinion of the performanceof

1,000 ratepayerscompleteda questionnaire
LambshorneTown Councilaccordingto the categoriesshown below. A wide varietyof com-
mentswere recorded;only the most commonremarks(by %) are shown. AMENITIES
It is generallyfelt that publicfacilities
i
GOOD FAIR POOR
are of a high standard,as shownby u) !
I
1 SERVICES
RefuseCollection 12% 2e% s9%
s6% Furthermore, sixty- i
RecyclingFacilities 16% 2B%
ei ghtper centb) ...........
e P u b l i cB u i l d i n g s
Maint enancof 49% 36% 1s% i
Remarks:Toomuch litter in streets(49"/") The fact I
Beautiful restoration of old Corn Exchangebuilding (51'/")
that only elevenper centof responden- i
I

ts gavea negativeresponseconcerning i
AMENITIES \
public parks indicatesthat ratepayers
PublicParks 43% 46% 11% a

are mainlyc) ........ l

FaciIities
Sports/Recreational 73% 11% 16% I

Toilets,BusShelters,StreetLighting 37% 2s% 3B% Opinion was mixed regarding other

Remarks: Maplegrove Housingestafe needs more street lights (32/r) amenities,with an almost equal num-
New sporfs centre excellent (68/') ber of "Cood" and "Poor" assessments.
In particular, thirty-two per cent of
COUNCILEFFICIENCY those surueyedmenti onedd ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Staff Efficiency 12% 23% 6s%
Cost efficiencyof services 28% s1% 21%
Helpfulness, Response to complaints 26% 40% 34%
Remarks: Council has too many employees for work done (64/.)
Lower rates preferable to more services (36y")
Usingthe diagramin Ex. 3 and the
informationgivenin Bxs. 3 and 4,
first write a paragraphplan, then
of the
your reportfor the developer
retirementcomplexin about 300
words.Includeyourrecommendation.

t31
 d. Proposul
Be[o]l$
I we Youwill heartwostudentsdiscussinga proposaltheyare
writing to their university Students'Union. Read the
questions,
thenlistento thecassette
andanswer thequestions
below.

a) Whatis thepurposeof theproposal?

b) Whatarethe sub.headings
of thereport?
c) Whichlocationdo theysuggest?
d) Whodo theyrecommend
shouldbeemployed
asstatfl
e) Whatdo theysuggest
aboutprices?
f) Whatfurthersuggestion(s)
do theymakeconcerning
sales?
s) Whydo theyfeelthe Students'Unionshouldgivetheir pro.
posalseriousconsideration?

A proposal reportis a formal,informative

pieceof writingwhichoutlinesplansand/or
suggestions for a futurecourseof action,and is submittedfor approvalby a bank To:
manager, superiors at work,a business
customer, relevant
authorities,
etc. From:
O A goodproposal reportshouldconsistof: Subject:
a) an introduction in whichyoustatethepurpose andcontentof yourreport; Date:
b) a mainbodyin whicheachaspectshouldbe presented underseparate
subheadings; and
c) a conclusionin whichyousummarise allpointsmentioned aboveand,if Paragraph1
necessary,express yourownopinion. statethe purposeand
contentof yourproposal
Usefullanguage report
a To begina proposalreport: ;:l il
Thepurpose/aim/intention of thisreportis to outline/present/discuss
thefuture
plans/the intended courseof action... Paragraphs2-3-4(5)*
Thisreportis submitted in supportof ourrequest forapproval
of .../for permission
to presenteachaspect
...ltora loanto allowusto ... underseparatesubhead-
Thisreportcontains the (relevant) information/details
of/concerning ... ugg
whichyourequested/asked for
Thisreportcontains detailsofloutlinesourplans/intentionsconcerning ... :.'iili:itlf!F

O To end a proposalreport: FinalParagraph

To conclude/To sumup/lnconclusion, ourintention
is to ... generalassessment/con-
Theadvantage(s) of theapproach proposed wouldbe that... clusion/opinion
I feelcertain/believe
thatthe courseof actionproposedabove * The exactnumber
and divi-
willachieve.../meetwithsuccess/answer theneedsof thecompany. sion of paragraphs will
I hope/trust
thatthe plan/scheme outlined/presented
in thisreportmeetswithyour depend on the specific
approval/willreceiveyourseriousconsideration. instructionsfor each report
task.

r32
 Unil
8dProRosol
fietoils

2 Readthe modelbelowand fill the spacesin eachparagraphwith the

appropriate verbfromtheboxeson theright,makingsurethatyouuse
the correcttense/form.
Then,readthe modelagainand identifythe
specificproposalswhichthewritermakes.

Yourepresent the'Players' dramacompany andhave

submitted a request to thecouncilaskingto rentan
olddisused theatre.Writea proposal reportinsupport
of yourrequest, outliningwhatyouintendto do.
Youcouldinclude thefollowing points:
o lackof andneedfora theatrein thetown
o plansto renovate theinterior
and/orexterior
of the
building
o thetheatre's proposed programme fortheseason
r projected profitsandsuggested termsof payment

To: Mr EdwinHobbes,Choirman,Lansborough
TownCounci[
From: SorohHlnds,Dlrector,Plagers
DramoCompang
Subject:Request
to rentthe Foteg
Theotre
Date: 6th March,1997

thepossibte
useoJthe
- outline' rent-
thecompany's concern
- submlt
request

aearsaqo,
close- intend-
lack- produce
I

I
I
- -
beneJit- comPlg grant
introduce - ProPose

-Proposed
Prooromme
Shou[dtheP[agersre-opentheFo[eyTheotre,theprogrammewoutd15)
bga range-oJ
compontes.
AswettosthePtoyers'
usuolchoice
oJtightclaslics
or comedg,perJormances expressinclude- stage
of mang'diJJ'erent
types
woutdbe1O.........:.. .. bythose'gr5ups
which17)........::.:..........
keenlnterest
in ourventure.
-ProfitsondPoument -
aTreecover- exPect
Jind

Conctusion
fnconclusion,we22)..... ....thotourproposedptansJor2il
'ontg-woutd .. theFoteg
Theatre
would - detlght_
believe
brtngo, numberoJ beneJits to Lansborough. Not the buitdingbe rdstoredand 24)
improve- rent
:...'....:.........,buttheregutoritgandvarietgoJpe(orn9nceswou[d2il.,
licandmakeo votuabte contrlbutlon
to thecutturat
LtJeoJthetown.
I
t33
 Unil
8dProoosol
flepoils

3 Readthe taskinstructionsbelow,thenexpandthe notesgivenunder i\ r a'./- a- .' C : a l , , tf , J i

: t :
_ \ ; . . : 'nX t iTlfilXl
eachsub-headingintoa full paragraph. | - ' l ; ' i : .. , \/ \.r^'

Youhavedecidedto expandyourcompanyandneeda loanfromyourbank.

Writea proposal
in supportof yourrequest detailsof why
fortheloan.Outline
you needthe loanandwhatyou intendto do withit.
4 Look at the following writing tasks
and identiff the type of report each
asks for. Suggesta subjecttitle and
sub-headingsfor each, then list the
TO: The Manager points you will mention in each sec-
FROM: MrsD Mclochlon
tion. Finally chooseONE of the wri-
SUBJECT: LoanJor the expanslonoJ "Vegglesond StuJT"
D A T E : J u n e1 O t h , 1 9 9 7 ting tasks below and write your
report in about 300words.
PURPOSE a) You are the secretaryof a Resident's
. [n support oJ requestJor loon to attowJor expansionoJ Association which is campaigning to
"Vegglesond StulJ" vegetariancateringcompang ban motor vehicles from your area.
Write a report to the local authori-
ties outlining the present situation
R E A S O NFSO RE X P A N S I O N and suggesting the benefits of a
. currentlghome-basedbuslnesscateringJor smatl private pedestrianised area.
Junctions b) You have recently bought an old
. have had to turn down recentrequeststo coterJor Larger property in the centre of your town
Junctions(inadequateworklng spacelequlpment,insulJicient or city. Write a report in support of
staJfl your request for permission to
o no other exctuslvel,g
vegetariancaterlngcompaniesin the change the use of the building, out-
aree, thereJoregap in morket Iining your plans for the property
and indicating how your project may
N E WP R E M I S E S be of benefit to the community.
. currentpremlsesnot adequatefor coteringJor l,argeJunctlons c) As the secretaryof a charity organi-
. f.50,000 witt be spent on down pagmentJor purchaseoJ otd sation you have ber:n asked to write
bokergand new kitchenequlpment a report on facilities for the disabled
in your town. Write your report for
VEHICLES the local authorities, outlining the
o compangpresenttghas onlg one car,resuttingin several present situation and any proposals
journegshaving to be modeto deal with oneJunctlon you have for improvements. You
. [.40,000 witt covercost oJ two reJridgerated may like to include some of the fol-
vonsJor trans-
Iowing: RAMP$ CO\II#RTED BUSES,
portatlon oJfood ADAPTED PUBLIC TOILETS,TELE-
PHONEKIOSKS,etc.
STAFF
. needto lncreasekitchen staJJJrom2 to 5 ond deLwergstaJJ d) On behalf of your college you have
conducted a survey on the sfudy
Jrom1 to 2
o f15,000 wi[[ cover wagesoJ new staJJuntil compongstorts habits of students.Write a report for
the college authorities, mentioning
making a proJit
such factors as where students
study, what times they choose to
CONCLUSION study, whether they study alone,
. hope plans outtlnedare cl,earand meet with approval their use of computers, and any
. accountantagreesthat companl shoutd have made a proJit other factorsyou consider relevant.
(even)by Januarg '98 and be able to start repagingloan by
Jutg '98 at latest

134
 wffi3
withthewords:"Nothing
A Writea storybeginning is D Youaretheheadof a committee whichis organising
everassimple at firstglance."
asit seems aneventin aidof homeless people.
Writea letter
to
prospective
participants,
telling
themabout theevent
1 Doesthe topicrequireflashback
narration?Why/ andexplainingwhatwillbeexpectedof themif they
Whynot? participate.
couldyou useto endyour
2 Whichtechnique(s)
Whattypeof letteris required?
story?
wouldyouincludein orderto Whatarethekeywords?
Whichtechniques
Whatmighttheeventbe?
makeyourstorymoreinteresting?
4 Whattenses wouldyouusethroughoutyourstory? Whatmightbe e4pected of theparticipants?
Howshouldyoubegir/end?
5 Whatwords wouldyouuseto linktheevents
men-
Whatusefullanguage wouldyouuseto express pur-
tionedin thestory?
poseandeffect?
Canyousuggest apossible
plotforyourstory?
Whichparagraph planwouldyoufollow?
B "Modern - Salvation
Science or Disaster?"
Discuss.
E Describe
anoccasion
whichturnedoutto bemuch
1 Whatkindof compositionis this? thanyouhadexpected
moreenjoyable andgive
2 Whatfirstandlastparagraph wouldyou
techniques whyyouenjoyed
reasons it.
use?
Would you stateyour opinionin the first para- I Whatarethekeywords?
graph?WhyAMhy not? 2 Whatcouldbedescribed asthe "occasion"?
Whichlinkingwordscanbe usedin this type of 3 What aspectsof descriptionwouldyou mention?
composition? Giveexamples.
couldyou includein this
What arguments/points 4 Whattenses
wouldyouuse?Why?
essay? 5 Give two reasonsto explainwhyyou enjoyedthe
6 Whatparagraph planwouldyoufollow? occasion.
Whichparagraph planwouldyoufollow?
C Youhave decidedtoopenasmallrestaurant
andneed
a loanfromyourbank. Writea proposal
insupportof F Youhavejustcompleted practical
atwo-week train-
yourrequestfortheloan. whatyouintend
Outline to do ingcoursepaidfor by youremployers.
Writethe
andprovidesome ofwhatyouneed
details theloanfor. report
required
bythemanager describing
thecourse
content
andsaying
whether youwouldrecommend it
1 Whattypeof reportis this?
forother
membersofstaff.
2 Haveyoualreadyrequested a loan?If yes,in what
way? I Whattypeof reportis this?
3 Whois thereportaddressed to? 2 Whattypeof coursemightthisbe?
4 Is it formalor informalin style? 3 Whatinformationwouldyou includeat the begin-
5 includein thereport?
Whatinformationwouldyou ningof thereport?
wouldyou includethis
6 Underwhat sub-headings 4 Whatinformationcouldbeincludedin thereport?
information? 5 Whatwouldthe sub-headings
be?
6 Whatreasonscouldyou includefor (not) recom-
mendingthe course?

135