CATHODIC PROTECTION

Cathodic Protection is a method to protect the steel pile wall of a jetty for corrosion. The Cathodic Protection on the
steel piles works in the water (electrolyte) and will only be active from the area below the splash zone and the bottom
of the Splash zone jacket till in the seabed.

The protection of the area covered on the steel pile in the seabed depends on the method of the Cathodic Protection.

There are in principle two methods for Cathodic protection on the jetty piles, e.g.Sacrificial Anodes and Impressed
Current. Impressed Current covers the whole length of the pile in the seabed as the Sacrificial method has a limited
reach.

I - Sacrificial Anodes Cathodic Protection

With the Sacrificial Anodes method an anode is welded on every pile, mostly a Aluminum or a Zinc anode. This
Cathodic Protection method is working for every pile independently and has no effect on the other piles in the area.
The anode material corrodes under the influence of the steel, and eventually it must be replaced.

It has to be taken into consideration that the protective current is only working until ± 5 meters in the seabed. For
larger structures, like jetties, the economical border between an installation - protected by means of sacrificial anodes
or impressed current - is approx. 10 years. If a protective period of more than 10 years is required, in general
impressed current systems are more economical.

Note: The protection only covers the (out) side wall of the steel piles on which the anode is attached. For the
corrosion protection of the inside steel wall we offer other solutions. Read more about Internal Corrosion protection
on Jetty Piles ....
In the pictures below are samples of heavy weight aluminum anode which was "fallen" from a pile and
recovered from the seabed.

Within Indonesia there are two additional disadvantages when using Sacrificial Anodes. It is very difficult to control
the well-functioning of such a system. You need qualified staff and divers to do regular maintenance checks. Next to
that especially aluminum anodes are a commodity which are largely in demand. Therefore, jetty owners are often
faced with an illegal change of ownership, which is not immediately noticed.
II - Impressed Current Cathodic Protection (ICCP)

For larger structures, like most Jetties, Sacrificial Anodes cannot economically deliver enough current to provide
complete protection.

With the Impressed Current Cathodic Protection (ICCP) method a TRU(Transformation Rectifier Unit) is installed and
connected with cables to the "bounded" piles (-) and to an external anode (+). With this method all the jetty piles in
the area needs to be bounded with each other. The bonding takes care that all jetty piles of the structure are
connected and form one electrical unit. A limited number of anodes can be placed on piles or placed on the seabed.
However, we prefer wherever possible to bury anodes onshore. This prevents that parts of this ICCP system are
illegally removed from the system.

As an ICCP system is in general designed for a theoretical lifetime of 25 years, only simple maintenance is required.
The owner can easily check on a day-to-day basis whether the system is working without any heavy inspection.

The placement of onshore anode beds in Indonesia has proven that it is the most reliable system.

If installed incorrectly a pile or a group of piles could become an anode by itself and could lead to an even faster
corrosion process of these piles.

Note: The protection only covers the (out) side wall of the steel piles. For the corrosion protection of the inside steel
wall we offer other solutions. Read more about Internal Corrosion protection on Jetty Piles ....

The

pictures below shows a TRU (Transformation Rectifier Units). From this central unit the power supply to the
jetty is provided and controlled.
Survey on existing Jetties

For existing jetty piles we can conduct a survey – at cost - by our experienced engineers to do a comprehensive
analysis of the installation at your site and advise you what needs to be done to extend the lifetime of the jetty piles in
case the current protection is not adequate