Tourism and hospitality management

Name: Kashaf AhsaN

Rollno : 25(E) THM
Field trip report
 STUDY FIELD TRIP TO SOUTH OF PUNJAB

Summary:
This trip was conducted by the teachers and students and took place from 8th
March to 11th Marchr, 2018. Morning and Evening students participated in this
trip to Bahawalpur southpunjab areas that include Harapa museum , Derawar
fort ,Noor Mahal ,Panjnad ,Lal Suhanra National park .Early Morning of 8th
March 2018 we all gathered at CEES Department of University of Punjab Lahore at
9’O Clock we were almost 50 students and start loading our luggage on the Bus. It
took an hour to complete this task and leave fo Bahawalpur via Multan road
around 11:00 AM. After travelled 4 hours we had stayed for Lunch and exploring
Harapa museum at Harapa . After finished our Lunch, we were started again our
journey towards Bahawalpur. At 10:00 PM in evening we reached Bahawalpur,
where we stayed at hostels of Islamia University located in Bahawalpur.

Introduction to Bahawalpur South Punjab :

Bahawalpur was a princely state of British India and later, Pakistan, that existed
from 1802 to 1955. It was a part of Punjab States Agency. The state covered an
area of 45,911 km² (17,494 sq mi) and had a population of 1,341,209 in 1941. The
capital of the state was the town of Bahawalpur.
Bahawalpur state was founded in 1802 by Nawab Mohammad Bahawal Khan
Abbasi after the breakup of the Durrani Empire. His successor was Nawab
Mohammad Bahawal Khan Abbasi III. On 22 February 1833, Abbasi III entered into
subsidiary alliance with the British by which Bahawalpur was admitted as a
princely state of British India. When India became independent of British rule in
1947 and partitioned into two states, India and Pakistan, Bahawalpur joined the
Dominion of Pakistan. Bahawalpur remained an autonomous entity till 14 October
1955 when it was merged with the province of West Pakistan.

History:

The Abbasi tribe from whom the ruling family of Bahawalpur belong, claim
descent from the Abbasid Caliphs. The tribe came from Sindh to Bahawalpur in
the middle of the 17th century, and assumed independence during the decline of
the Durrani Empire. Upon establishment of Abbasi rule in the region around Uch,
the clan's Nawab established canals as a matter of statecraft in order to help
incorporate Daudpotra kinsmen.
Bahawalpur along with other Cis-Sutlej states were a group of states, lying
between the Sutlej River on the north, the Himalayas on the east, the Yamuna
River and Delhi District on the south, and Sirsa District on the west. These states
were ruled by the Scindhia dynasty of the Maratha Empire, various Sikh sardars
and other Rajas of the Cis-Sutlej states paid tributes to the Marathas, until the
Second Anglo-Maratha War of 1803-1805, after which the Marathas lost this
territory to the British.
As part of the 1809 Treaty of Amritsar, Ranjit Singh was confined to the right bank
of the Sutlej. The first treaty with Bahawalpur was negotiated in 1833, the year
after the treaty with Ranjit Singh for regulating traffic on the Indus. It secured the
independence of the Nawab within his own territories and opened up the traffic
on the Indus and Sutlej. The political relations of Bahawalpur with the paramount
power, as at present existing, are regulated by a treaty made in October, 1838,
when arrangements were in progress for the restoration of Shah Shuja to the
Kabul throne.
During the First Anglo-Afghan War, the Nawab assisted the British with supplies
and allowing passage and in 1847-8 he co-operated actively with Sir Herbert
Edwardes in the expedition against Multan. For these services he was rewarded
by the grant of the districts of Sabzalkot and Bhung, together with a life-pension
of a lakh. On his death a dispute arose regarding succession. He was succeeded by
his third son, whom he had nominated in place of his eldest son. The new ruler
was, however, deposed by his elder brother, and obtained asylum in British
territory, with a pension from the Bahawalpur revenues; he broke his promise to
abandon his claims, and was confined in the Lahore fort, where he died in 1862.

Independence of Pakistan:

The predominantly Muslim population supported Muslim League and Pakistan

Movement. After the independence of Pakistan in 1947, the minority Hindus and
Sikhs migrated to India while the Muslim refugees from India settled in the
Bahawalpur state. After independence of Pakistan, Nawab of Bahawalpur Sadeq
Mohammad Khan V proved to be very helpful and generous to the government of
Pakistan. He gave seventy million rupees to the government and the salaries of all
the government departments for one month were also drawn from the treasury
of Bahawalpur state. He donated his private property to the University of the
Punjab, King Edward Medical College and the Mosque of Aitchison College,
Lahore. At the time of independence all the princely states of the British India
were given a choice to join either Pakistan or India, or to remain independent,
outside both.acceded to Pakistan, and the accession was accepted on 9 October.
Thus, he State of Bahawalpur was the first state to accede to Pakistan Quaid-e-
Azam were close friends and they had great respect for each other even before
the creation of Pakistan. The Ameer of Bahawalpur Refugee Relief and
Rehabilitation Fund was instituted in 1947 for providing a central organization for
the relief of the refugees. The Quaid-e-Azam acknowledged the valuable
contribution of the Bahawalpur State for the rehabilitation of the refugees.

Legacy:

Even though with no power, the Nawabs of Bahawalpur and the noble family is
still highly respected in the region. Nawab Salahud-Din Ahmed Abbasi, the
grandson of the last ruling Nawab, is one of the most important political figures in
the region. Although the Nawabs were autocratic rulers, who did not allow or give
political freedom, they did a lot for the development of the State, which benefited
the people. The first Nawab laid the foundation of the State in 1727, with only a
small locality, very soon the latter Movement for Bahawalpur Province. Nawabs
started expanding the domain of the State. Not only did they gain a lot of land,
they also made it one of the richest states of the sub-continent. A lot of
development work was done in the State in all fields. Schools, colleges and later a
university were opened. A number of scholarships were given to students even
outside the State. Railway track was laid by the Nawabs in the State. Hospitals
and dispensaries were established. Canals were dug and the Sultej Valley Project
was completed to provide water to the lands of Bahawalpur region. The State had
its own administrative and judicial system.
The Nawabs gifted portions of their land in Lahore to Punjab University, while the
mosque at Aitchison College was also gifted by the Nawab. The Bahawalpur Block
of the King Edward Medical College was also donated by the Nawab.

Royal House of Bahawalpur:

The Royal House of Bahawalpur is said to be of Arabic origin and claims descent
from Abbas, progenitor of the Abbasid Caliphs of Baghdad and Cairo. Sultan
Ahmad II, son of Shah Muzammil of Egypt left that country and arrived in Sindh
with a large following of Arabs ca. 1370. He married a daughter of Raja Rai
Dhorang Sahta, receiving a third of the country I dowry. Amir Fathu'llah Khan
Abbasi, is the recognized ancestor of the dynasty. He conquered the bhangar
territory from Raja Dallu, of Alor and Bhamanabad, renaming it Qahir Bela.
Amir Muhammad Chani Khan Abbasi entered the imperial service and gained
appointment as a Panchhazari in 1583. At his death, the leadership of the tribe
was contested between two branches of the family, the Daudputras and the
Kalhoras. Amir Bahadur Khan Abbasi abandoned Tarai and settled near Bhakkar,
founding the town of Shikarpur in 1690. Daud Khan, the first of his family to rule
Bahawalpur, originated from Scind where he had opposed the Afghan Governor
of that province and was forced to flee.

Demography:
In 1941, Bahawalpur had a population of 1,341,209 of whom 737,474 (54.98
percent) were men and 603,735 (45.02%) were women. Bahawalpur had a
literacy rate of 2.8 percent (5.1 pcercent for males and 0.1 percent for females) in
1901. The bulk of the population (two-thirds) lived on the fertile Indus River banks
with the eastern desert tract being sparsely populated.
The state was predominantly Muslim. According to the 1941 census, Muslims
made up 91% of the state's population while Hindus numbered 190,000 (5.9
percent) and Sikhs numbered 50,000 (1.9 percent). While a majority of Muslims
and Hindus had their origins in Bahawalpur, a considerable proportion of settlers
were migrants from other parts of the Punjab. The Sikhs, on the other hand, were
predominantly colonists who had migrated after the opening of canal colonies.
Between 1916 and 1941, the population had almost doubled due to the Sutlej
Valley Project when vast amounts of Bahawalpur territory were opened to
irrigation. There was a migration of Muslims, Hindus and Sikhs to Bahawalpur
from other parts of Punjab. These colonists were labelled non-Riyasatis as
opposed to locals or "Riyasatis" and were systematically discriminated against in
government appointments.

Rulers:

The rulers of Bahawalpur were Abbasids who came from Shikarpur and Sukkur
and captured the areas that became Bahawalpur State. They took the title of Amir
until 1740, when the title changed to Nawab Amir. Although the title was
abolished in 1955 by the Government of Pakistan, the current head of the House
of Bahawalpur (Salah ud-Din Muhammad Khan) is referred to as the Amir

Day1(8th)
Early Morning of 8th March 2018 we all gathered at CEES Department of
University of Punjab Lahore at 9’O Clock we were almost 50 students and start
loading our luggage on the Bus. It took an hour to complete this task and leave fo
Bahawalpur via Multan road around 11:00 AM. After travelled 4 hours we had
stayed for Lunch and exploring Harapa museum at Harapa .
After finished our Lunch, we were started again our journey towards Bahawalpur.
At 10:00 PM in evening we reached Bahawalpur, where we stayed at hostels of
Islamia University located in Bahawalpur.

Harappa:
Harappa is an archaeological site in Punjab, Pakistan, about 24 km (15 mi) west of
Sahiwal. The site takes its name from a modern village located near the former
course of the Ravi River which now runs 8 km (5.0 mi) in north. The current village
of Harappa is less than 1 km (0.62 mi) from the ancient site. Although modern
Harappa has a legacy railway station from the period of the British Raj, it is today
just a small crossroads town of population 15,000.

The site of the ancient city contains the ruins of a Bronze Age fortified city, which
was part of the Indus Valley Civilization centered in Sindh and the Punjab, and
then the Cemetery H culture.clay brick houses at its greatest extent during the
Mature Harappan phase (2600–1900 BC), which is considered large for its
time.The ancient city of Harappa was heavily damaged under British rule, when
bricks from the ruins were used as track ballast in the construction of the Lahore–
Multan Railway. In 2005, a controversial amusement park scheme at the site was
abandoned when builders unearthed many archaeological artifacts during the
early stages of building work. A plea from the Pakistani archaeologist Ahmad
Hasan Dani to the Ministry of Culture resulted in a restoration of the site.

Archaeological Museum, Harappa :

Archaeological Museum is an archaeology museum based in Harappa, Punjab,
Pakistan. It was established in 1926 and then in 1966 its building was constructed
by the Government of Pakistan.
 Day 2 (9th)

At 07:00 we get ready and had breakfast which was arranged by one of our class
mate. He took all the responsibility of food management. We were served an egg
and pratha with a cup of tea .
After done with breakfast, we leave our hostels start rushing towards buss of our
university and started our destination towards Noor mahal.
Noor Mehal is one of the hidden gems of Bahawalpur, due to the lack of publicity.
The palace is open to public. It is currently in the possession of the Pakistan Army
and is used as a state guest house for holding state durbars and meetings with
foreign delegations.
Noor Mahal is a palace in Bahawalpur that was constructed in 1872 by Nawab
Sadiq Muhammad Khan IV, the ruler of Bahawalpur State. Reportedly, Nawab
built this palace in honour of his wife, Queen Noor. The architecture of the palace
is a mix of Corinthian and Islamic architectural. The palace has 32 rooms and five
dooms. The top floor of the palace provides a very nice view of Bahawalpur city as
well as the palace garden. During day and at night when properly lit, Noor Mahal
has a dominating appearance and a grandeur of its own.
The palace has a huge garden that is well maintained. The palace was purchase
from the Nawab family by Pakistan Army in 1991 and now houses the Bahawalpur
Garrison Club. The palace had deteriorated quite a bit but Pakistan Army has
done a great job to restore the palace to it's original shape and grandeur.
Being a Garrison Club, Noor Mahal is not open to ordinary visitors all the time. It is
open to club members but tourists and common visitors can also visit it after
coordinating their entry with Club management. The entry is free. Food and
snacks is available in the Garrison club on orders. Standard of cooking is really
nice and rates are quite reasonable.
Noor Mahal is located just at the start of Bahawalpur.What an incredible site,
beautiful architecture, well preserved, well maintained & accessible to public.
After spending some quality time there with all the fellows, we decided to go back
as there was a procession of one of the political party.
On our return at hostels, we orderes pizza from pizza hut as there was no
arrangment of lunch from the management side we stayed there till 9 at hostels
because there was procession out there aftertaking dinner and the completion of
procession we moved towards a dream inn hotel as the arrangement from islamia
university hostels were not comfortable.

Noor Mahal:
The Noor Mahal is a palace in Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. It was built in 1872
like an Italian chateau on neoclassical lines, now it is co-owned by Sajid Ali Isar
And Malik Farhan at a time when modernism had set in. It belonged to the
Nawabs of Bahawalpur princely state, during British Raj.
There are various stories regarding its construction. According to one legend,
Nawab Sadiq Khan Abbasi IV had the palace made for his wife; however, she was
only there for one night, as she happened to see the adjoining graveyard from her
balcony, and refused to spend another night there, and so it remained unused
during his reign

Architecture:
The construction of Noor palace was undertaken by Nawab Sadiq Muhammad
Khan the fourth, who was also known as the Shan Jahan of Bahawalpur for his
passion of constructing beautiful buildings.

Mr. Heennan, an Englishman who was the state engineer, designed the building.
The foundation of Noor Palace was laid in 1872. A map and coins of the state
were buried in its foundation as a good omen. Most of the palace's materials and
furniture were imported from England and Italy. The construction of the palace
was completed in 1875 at a cost of Rs. 1.2 million. Considering the amount of
silver in the Indian Rupee Coin at 11.66 Grams in 1862, this amount in 2016 would
come to about 8.1 million US dollars. Noor Palace covers an area of 44,600 square
feet (4,140 m2). It has 32 rooms including 14 in the basement, 6 verandas and 5
domes.[3]
The design encompasses features of Corinthian and Islamic styles of architecture
with a tinge of subcontinental style. The Corinthian touch is visible in the columns,
balustrade, pediments and the vaulted ceiling of Durbar Hall. The Islamic style is
evident in the five domes, whereas the angular elliptical shapes are a stroke of
subcontinent style. Nawab Muhammad Bahawal Khan the fifth added a mosque
to the palace in 1906 at the cost of Rs. 20,000. The design is based on the mosque
of Aitchison College.
In 1956, when Bahawalpur State was merged into Pakistan, the building was
taken over by the Auqaf department. The palace was leased to the army in 1971;
in 1997 the army purchased it for the sum of 119 million.
The building was declared a “protected monument” in September 2001 by the
Government of Pakistan's Department of Archeology, and it is now open for
general visitors, students trips and other interested persons.

Things to see:
There are a lot of old things present in it. It includes many Nawabs' used things.
There are many old swords, old currency notes and coins, old laws that were
made in that time, an old piano that Nawabs used to play, old furniture used by
Nawabs etc. There is also a long wall in it that contains imaginary pictures of
Nawabs. Only one picture is real, all others are imaginary. There is also a prison
cell aside the Mahal.
 Day 3(10th)
At 9:00 am after breakfast we were served with nan chanay and tea then we
started our journey towards Derawar fort, Abbasia mosque and Panjnad River.
Derawar Fort:

Derawar Fort is a large square fortress in Ahmadpur East Tehsil, Punjab, Pakistan.
Approximately 100 km south of the city of Bahawalpur, the forty bastions of
Derawar are visible for many miles in the Cholistan Desert. The walls have a
perimeter of 1500 metres and stand up to thirty metres high.
Derawar fort was built by Rai Jajja Bhatti, a Rajput ruler of the Bhatti clan.[1] The
fort was built in the 9th century AD as a tribute to Rawal Deoraj Bhatti, a Rajput
sovereign king of the Jaisalmer and Bahawalpur areas who had his capital at
Lodhruva. The fort was initially known as Dera Rawal, and later referred to as
Dera Rawar, which with the passage of time came to be pronounced Derawar, its
present name.
In the 18th century, the fort was taken over by Muslim Nawabs of Bahawalpur
from the Shahotra tribe. It was later renovated by Abbasi rulers, but in 1747 the
fort slipped from their hands owing to Bahawal Khan's preoccupations at
Shikarpur. Nawab Mubarak Khan took the stronghold back in 1804. 1,000 year-old
catapult shells were found in the debris near a decaying wall in the fort.
This historically significant fort presents an enormous and impressive structure in
the heart of the Cholistan desert, but it is rapidly deteriorating and in need of
immediate preventative measures for preservation.

Tourism in Derawar Fort:

Derawar Fort is an important place for tourists. The off-road Cholistan Desert Jeep
Rally or TDCP Cholistan Jeep Rally was recently established near the Derawar Fort
in Ahmadpur East Tehsil.

Internal facts of the fort:

Altaf Hussain, a watchman and tour guide at the fort, says even the architecture
of the fort's dungeons, which could once be accessed through a stairway made of
tunneled pathways, has a charm of its own. He also speaks of a long underground
railway tunnel that connected the Sadiq Ghar Palace to the fort.

"The Derawar fort was also connected to other forts in Cholistan through a
network of underground tunnels. On the ground floor, there were offices, a small
prison, a gallows, a water pond and residential rooms," he says.
Hussain says that every Thursday, nawab sahib visited the fort and held an open
court with his attendants, passing judgement on different cases, including those
on capital crimes.
He says three watchmen at the fort were still employed by the Nawab’s family as
the fort is still in their possession.

The fort attracts a large number of local, national and international tourists in the
winters.
Abbasi Mosque:

Abbasi Mosque is a mosque located in the Derawar Fort, in the Cholistan region
of Pakistan's Punjab province.Abbasi Mosque in Bahawalpur was constructed with
cupolas and domes of exquisite marble by Nawab Bahawal Khan in 1849.

Panjnad River:
Panjnad River (Urdu/Punjabi Shahmukhi: ,‫( پنجند‬panj = five, nadi = river) is a river
at the extreme end of Bahawalpur district in Punjab, Pakistan. Panjnad River is
formed by successive confluence or merger of the five rivers of the Punjab,
namely Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas and Sutlej.Jhelum and Ravi join Chenab, Beas
joins Sutlej, and then Sutlej and Chenab join to form Panjnad 10 miles north of
Uch Sharif in Muzaffar Garh district. The combined stream runs southwest for
approximately 45 miles and joins the Indus River at Mithankot. The Indus
continues and then drains into the Arabian Sea. A barrage on Panjnad has been
erected; it provides irrigation channels for Punjab and Sindh provinces south of
the Sutlej and east of the Indus rivers.
Beyond the confluence of Indus and Panjnad rivers, the Indus river was known as
Satnad (Sat = seven) carrying the waters of seven rivers including Indus river,
which is believed to be in earlier times the Saraswati/Ghaggar/Hakra river which
eventually dried and became a seasonal river due to seismic shifts in the glacial
region of Himachal Pradesh where it originated and later on Kabul river and the
five rivers of Punjab.
Panjnad River, river in Punjab province, Pakistan, formed just below Uch by
successive junctions of the Sutlej, Beās, Rāvi, Jhelum, and Chenāb rivers. The
Panjnad (literally “Five Rivers”) flows 44 miles (71 km) southwest to its junction
with the Indus River near Mithankot. A dam on the Panjnad just after the Sutlej’s
junction with the Chenāb is part of the Sutlej Valley (irrigation) Project.
At 9:00 Pm we came back from the sites had dinner of dal chawal and slept .

Day4(11th )
We get up early having breakfast of partha with egg bujia and a cup of tea . After
that we move towards Lal Suhanra National Park. After leaving Lal suhanra we
travelled almost 2:30 mins and stayed at Islam head work for taking rest and
having lunch of vegg rice with raita and coke .We stayed almost hour there and
get back to bus. Around 12 am we reached at our department of university where
the dinner of yummy burgers were served and eaten by all the fellows and then
every one started leaving for their houses.
Lal Suhanra National park :

Lal Suhanra is a national park in Pakistan that is situated in the Bahawalpur

district of Punjab province. It is one of South Asia’s largest nationals parks, and is
a UNESCO declared Biosphere Reserve. Lal Sohanra is notable for the diversity of
its landscape, which includes desert, forest and wetland ecosystems

Geography and wildlife:

The park itself is situated some 35 kilometres east of Bahawalpur and presents a
synthesis of forest and desert life. It occupies land on both sides of Desert Branch
canal, and is spread over an area of 127,480 acres (51,368 hectares) - out of which
20,974 acres (8,491 hectares) are green land (irrigated plantations), 101,726 acres
(40,942 hectares) are dry land (desert), and 4,780 acres are wet land (ponds and
lakes). The park's terrain is generally flat, interspersed with sand dunes measuring
between 1 and 6 meters in height and occupying as many as thousands of acres
apiece.
The biosphere reserve is crossed by the dried-up bed of the Ghaggar-Hakra River
and comprises Patisar Lake and irrigated land. Officials said that indigenous trees
like Indian rosewood and Acacia karroo will be planted over 1,212 acres of barren
land in the wildlife reserve.
Many species of animals can be found throughout the park. These include several
wild animals of the desert such as wildcats, rabbits, bustards, and deer. Reptiles in
the park include the monitor lizard, Russell's viper, Indian cobra, saw-scaled viper,
wolf snake, John's sand boa, and spiny-tailed lizard. More than 160 species of
birds are also present, including the houbara bustard, griffon vulture, crested
honey buzzard, marsh harrier, hen harrier, laggar falcon, peregrine falcon, kestrel,
Eurasian sparrowhawk, Egyptian vulture, lark, shrike, wheatear, and barn owl.
Lake Patisar, a large body of water in the center of the park, is ideal for bird
watching. In mid-winter, the lake is regularly home to between 10,000 and 30,000
ducks and common coot.

Attractions:
The Punjab government has plans to convert the Lal Sohanra National Park into a
wildlife safari park of international standard. One of its most prominent
attractions is currently the lion safari, which allows guests to see lions in their
natural habitat at close range. In addition, the park's captive breeding suite holds
a pair of Indian rhinoceros which were given by Nepal.[5] Rhinos were once found
as far west as the Peshawar Valley during the reign of Mughal Emperor Babur, but
are now extinct in Pakistan.
Over 400 animals are currently being bred in the Lal Sohanra Park, including a
large population of blackbucks, a breed of antelope most notable for its
pronounced sexual dimorphism. The park is constantly supplied with new
blackbucks in order to extend its efforts toward blackbuck conservation.
There are archaeological remains of an ancient civilization which once flourished
along the Ghaggar-Hakra River.

Outcomes of Field Trips:

It is important to recognize that learning outcomes from field trips can easily
arrange the process of knowing things for students more effectively. Among the
many potential outcomes, I believe that field trips shown positive results like:
Students get new experiences and can increase interest and engagement in
nature regardless of prior interest in a tourism and hospitality topic.
Students gain more positive feelings toward the tourist attractions and
destinations.
Students personal experiences that can be recalled into their mind for a long term
and also useful for their professional careers.

Conclusion:
In conclusion I would like to thank our dean of department , our teachers who
managed this trip Sir Shafiq ur Rehman , Sir Qasim Hussain Malik , Sir Dastgeer ,
Mam Saba Rasheed for their support .

Personal experience:
I throughly enjoyed the fishing ,boating ,sightseeing , friends gathering, dance
and music during bus travel. And specially the pleasant weather of Bahawalpura
and Lal Suhanra , Sun Rise on the Noor mahal, Camel Riding and , Ice Cream in
Noor mahal, even each and every minute of my field trip, which I spend in
Bahawalpur , the blue nelgo sky, cool breeze and birds chreep etc
I think that field trip should be the part of every institution, because it provides an
opportunity for students to pass through the process of learning and challenges,
as they explore areas of personal interest and curiosity and engage with the
people through communication.
A successful and quality field trip requires teacher preparation and interaction,
and they should show some leniency to the students during outdoor field trips.