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and Explanations
Act. 3
BOX Command:
AutoCAD Command List
The BOX command allows you to create a threedimensional box in AutoCAD.
To access the Box command you can:
type box at a Command: prompt
OR
click on the Box button (if the Solids toolbar is displayed).
Prompt: Initailizing...
Prompt: Initializing Advanced Modeling Extension
NOTE: Any time you call up a modeling command for the first time, AutoCAD will
initialize the modeling subprogram.
To construct a box from Corner to Corner:
Access the Box command:
Prompt: Specify corner of box or [CEnter] <0,0,0>: Use a coordinate or an
Osnap to locate the first corner of the box on the XY plane.
Prompt: Specify corner or [Cube /Length]: Indicate the position of the opposite
diagonal corner for the box's base on the XY plane.
OPTIONS:
The Cube option requires only one coordinate value to create a cube.
The Length option will prompt you for the X, Y, Z coordinates separately.
Prompt: Specify height: Type a height value (positive or negative).
The Box should appear.
To construct a box from Center: (The Box surrounds the center.)
Prompt: Specify corner of box or [CEnter] <0,0,0>: Type ce and Enter
Prompt: Center of box <0,0,0>: Give the location of the center of the Box with a
coordinate or Osnap.
Prompt: Specify center of box [Cube /Lenght] <0,0,0>: Give a location for the
second corner of the box with a coordinate (the default selection), Osnap or select an
option. If you are giving a coordinate, you can give either the X,Y, and Z position or
the X and Y. If you only give the X and Y, AutoCAD will prompt you for the Height,
which is the Z.
Box will be centered about the original point.
CYLINDER Command:
AutoCAD Command List
The CYLINDER command allows you to create a solid cylinder in AutoCAD.
To access the Cylinder command you can:
type cylinder at a Command: prompt
OR
select the Cylinder button on the Solids Toolbar.
NOTE: Cylinder faces are oriented with the XY plane.
For Example: If you wish to place a cylinder on the FRONT face of a model, the
UCS must be oriented to the Front before adding the cylinder.
Prompt: Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4
Prompt: Specify center point for base of cylinder or [Elliptical] <0,0,0>: Locate a
center for the cylinder by using an Absolute Coordinate, Relative Rectangular
Coordinate, Relative Polar Coordinate, or Osnap.
Prompt: Specify radius for base of cylinder or [Diameter]: Use coordinates, or
type in a value for the size.
Prompt: Specify height of cylinder or [Center of other end]: Use
coordinates, osnaps, or type in a value for the height. NOTE: The height value can be
positive or negative. If positive, the cylinder will be extruded along the positive Z
axis. If negative, the cylinder will be extruded along the negative Z axis.
DDEDIT Command:
AutoCAD Command List
The DDEDIT command allows you to edit existing text.
To access the DDEDIT command you can:
type ed at a Command: prompt and press Enter
OR
select Text..., under the Modify Menu.
Prompt: Select an annotation object or [Undo}: place the cursor over the text and
click the LEFT mouse button.
A dialogue window appears displaying the text you selected.
You can modify the text and close the window to accept the changes
OR
click on additional text to continue making changes until you press Enter.
EXPLODE Command:
AutoCAD Command List
The EXPLODE command allows you to change a grouped item into its
individual elements so it can be edited.
To select the Explode command you can:
click on the Explode button on the Draw toolbar,
OR
type x or explode at a Command: prompt,
OR
select Explode under the Modify Menu.
Prompt: Select objects:. Click on item/s to explode and press Enter.
HIDE Command:
AutoCAD Command List
The HIDE command will temporarily remove lines that would not normally be
seen in an opaque solid.
To access the Hide command, type hide or hi at a Command: prompt and press
Enter.
AutoCAD will ask you to select the object. Press Enter.
The model will be changed.
*NOTE: This is a TEMPORARY effect and the object will return to wireframe
mode when you use a new command.
MOVE Command:
AutoCAD Command List
Move allows you to change the position of an entity or entities.
To select the Move command you can:
select Move under the Modify Menu,
OR
click on the Move button,
OR
type move at a Command: prompt and press Enter.
Prompt: Select objects: Click on object(s) you wish to move with left mouse button
and press Enter.
Prompt: Select objects: Select additional objects or press Enter to move to the next
prompt.
Prompt: Specify base point or displacement: Select a reference point on the object
you are moving by using an Absolute Coordinate, a Relative Rectangular
Coordinate, a Relative Polar Coordinate, an Object Snap
(
Osnap
), or by clicking
the LEFT mouse button on the screen.
*NOTE: The BASEPOINT can be either on an element in the drawing or a
coordinate in space. AutoCAD uses the BASEPOINT as the position it moves the
object/s from. It will move the object/s either the distance you specify from this
basepoint or place the BASEPOINT at a new position you specify (the end of a line,
coordinate point, etc).
If you have selected more than one item to move, these items with be moved the same
distance, but the relative distance/s and position/s of the items to each other will
remain the same.
Prompt: Specify second point of displacement: Use a coordinate (absolute, relative
rectangular or relative polar) or an Osnap to indicate where you want the item/s to be
moved to. The object(s) will move to the new location.
PAN: Command
AutoCAD Command List
The PAN command allows you to move the display are without changing the size
of the current view in the drawing area.
OR
The cursor will change to the Pan HAND. Slide the mouse to move the display.
To exit the Pan command: Press Esc or Enter or click the right mouse button on
the screen to display a shortcut menu.
RELATIVE POLAR COORDINATES:
AutoCAD Command List
RELATIVE POLAR COODINATES allow you to select a point that is a specific
length and at a specific angle to the last point indicated.
To locate a point using a Relative Polar Coordinate:
type @, the length of the line,
a more than symbol (< )
followed by the desired angle of the line.
DO NOT add spaces between the @, the line length value, the < symbol, and the
angle value. (SEE EXAMPLES BELOW)
Example: 1
If you are in the Line command and type @11<45, AutoCAD selects a point that is
11mm long and at a 45 degree angle from the last point given.
Example: 2
If you are in the Line command and type @8<45, AutoCAD selects a point that is 8
mm long and at a negative 45 degree angle from the last point given.
RELATIVE RECTANGULAR
COORDINATES:
AutoCAD Command List
A RELATIVE RECTANGULAR COORDINATE allows you to specify a
position along the Xaxis, Yaxis, and Zaxis (if needed) to locate a point relative
to the last point you specified.
To locate a point using the Relative Rectangular Coordinate system, type @ and
then the Xvalue, Yvalue, and, if needed, the Zvalue, separated by commas and no
spaces.
Example:
If your last point was at 12,8 (see FIGURE below), you can type @11,7 and
AutoCAD will locate an entity or point 11 along the x axis and 7 along the y axis
from the 12,8 point.
The equivalent absolute coordinate of @11,7 would be 23,15 or 12+11 on the Xaxis,
and 8+7 on the Yaxis.
RENDER Command:
AutoCAD Command List
The RENDER command allows you to add shading to a solid model so that it
looks like a real object.
To access the Render command you can type render at a Command: prompt.
AutoCAD will ask you to select the object to render.
Click on the model and press the Enter key.
The RENDER dialogue box will appear.
Click on the button labeled Render and the on OK.
Shading will be added to the figure.
NOTE: The rendering of a model is temporary. When you make changes, the model
will return to a wireframe, but you must type regen at a Command: prompt and
press Enter to remove the shading from the image.
ROTATE Command:
AutoCAD Command List
The ROTATE command allows you to rotate an object(s) around a point of
reference on the XY plane.
To select the Rotate command you can:
select Rotate under the Modify Menu,
OR
type rotate at a Command: prompt and press Enter,
OR
Click on the Rotate button.
Prompt: Select objects: Click on object(s) you wish to rotate and
press Enter.
Prompt: Basepoint: Use an Osnap command, an Absolute Coordinate, a Relative
Rectangular Coordinate, or a Relative Polar Coordinate, and press Enter to identify
the point to rotate the object through.
If an Osnap is used:
The next prompt is: of: Place the element to snap to in the square cursor icon.
Prompt: Angle>/Reference: Type an angle of rotation and press Enter. The
object will rotate the degrees indicated. NOTE: The angle can be a positive or
negative number.
SUBTRACT Command:
AutoCAD Command List
The SUBTRACT command allows you to SUBTRACT primitives or extruded
shapes from another solid.
To access the Subtract command you can:
type subtract or su at a Command: prompt,
OR
select the Subtract button on the MODIFY II toolbar (IF ON SCREEN),
OR
select Solids Editing, and then Subtract, under the Modify Menu.
Prompt: Initializing...
Prompt: Initializing Advanced Modeling Extension
NOTE: Any time you call up a modeling command for the first time, AutoCAD will
Initialize the modeling subprogram.
AutoCAD will now ask you to select the item/s you wish to subtract a shape
FROM. Click on the item/s.
Next, AutoCAD will ask you to select the items you wish to subtract.
Click on the item/s.
When you press Enter they will be removed.
UNION Command:
AutoCAD Command List
The UNION command allows you to join solids to form a more complex model.
To access the Union command you can:
type union or uni at a Command: prompt,
OR
OR
select the Solids Editing, and then Union, under the Modify Menu.
Prompt: Initailizing...
Prompt: Initializing Advanded Modeling Extension
NOTE: Any time you call up a modeling command for the first time, AutoCAD will
initialize the modeling subprogram.
AutoCAD will now ask you to select the items you wish to join (union). Click on
the items to select them.
Press Enter.
USER COORDINATE SYSTEM:
AutoCAD Command List
The USER COORDINATE SYSTEM allows you to reposition the XY plane for
use with AutoCAD commands.
In many instances, AutoCAD uses the XY plane to orient the placement of certain
types of items.
Example:
To place a cylinder through the RIGHT SIDE face of the model shown below, the XY
plane must be aligned with the RIGHT side of a model. The UCS icon, seen in the
illustrations, changes to match the new orientation of the XY plane.
orthoGraphic Options:
The orthoGraphic option allows you to select a Front, Right, Left, Top, .
—Prompt: Command: Type ucs and Enter.
—Prompt: Enter and option [New/Move/ orthoGraphic/Prev/ Restore/Save/Del/
Apply/?/World] <World>: Type g for orthoGraphic and press Enter.
—Prompt: Enter an option [Top/ Bottom/ Front/ BAck /Left/ Right] <Top>:
Select an option and press Enter to exit the command.
Creating a UCS with Three Points:
—Prompt: Command: Type ucs and press Enter.
—Prompt: Specify a new origin point <0,0,0>:Use an Osnap or coordinate to select
the position for a new 0,0,0 point (this selects the junction of the X, Y, and Z axes).
NOTE: The intersection Osnap will NOT work with solid models.
—Prompt: Specify point on positive portion of Xaxis <1.000,0.000,0.000>:Use an
Osnap or coordinate to select the direction of the desired Xaxis. NOTE: The
numbers inside the brackets< > will not necessarily be the same as those shown in this
example.
—Prompt: Specify point on positivey portion of the UCS XY plane
<1.000,0.000,0.000>: Use an Osnap or coordinate to select the direction of the Y
axis. The UCS icon should change position to indicate the new UCS orientation.
Example:
The FIGURE BELOW illustrates the selections that could be made to create a
UCS for the RIGHT SIDE using the 3 Point option.
WEDGE Command:
AutoCAD Command List
The WEDGE command allows you to create a threedimensional wedge shaped
solid.
To access the WEDGE command you can:
type wedge at a Command: prompt
OR
click on the Wedge button (if the Solids toolbar is displayed).
Prompt: Current wire fram density: ISOLINES=4
Prompt: Specify first corner of wedge or [CEnter] <0,0,0>: Use a coordinate or
an Osnap to locate the first corner of the wedge on the XY plane.
Prompt: Specify corner or [Cube /Length]: Indicate the position of the opposite
diagonal corner for the wedge's base on the XY plane.
OPTIONS:
The CEnter option allows you to specify the center of box that would contain the
wedge. The center is at the middle of the slope of the wedge.
The Cube option requires only one coordinate value to create a wedge that is half of
a cube.
The Length option will prompt you for the X, Y, Z coordinates separately.
Prompt: Specify height: Type a height value (positive or negative).
The Wedge should appear.
VIEW POINT Command:
AutoCAD Command List
The VIEW POINT command allows you to change your viewing position relative
to a drawing or model in AutoCAD.
To access this command you can:
type vpoint or vp at a Command: prompt
OR
select 3D Views and then VPOINT under the View Menu.
Prompt: Current view direction: VIEWDIR=0.0000,0.0000,1.0000
Prompt: Specify a view point or [Rotate] <display compass and tripod>: Type r
to select the rotate option and press Enter.
Prompt: Enter angle in XY plane from X axis <270>: Type the desired angle in
the XY plane.
Prompt: Enter angle from XY plane <90>: Type desired angle from the XY plane.
See the explanation below.
The default angle for viewing models in AutoCAD is 270 and 90 degrees. Look at the
Figure below to see this orientation. You are oriented at the 270 degree point on a flat
XY plane and angled at a 90 degree angle to the flat XY plane.
In the Figure below, the VIEW POINT has been changed to 300 IN the XY plane
and 35 degrees FROM the XY plane. .
To obtain a nearly isometric view of the model use 300 for the angle IN the XY
plane, and 35 degrees for the angle FROM the XY plane. (NOTE: True isometric
views can be difficult to interpret in a wireframe, so this one gives you a slightly
different angle.)
To view a model from the FRONT use 270 and 0 degrees.
To view a model from the TOP use 270 and 90 degrees.