PAPERS

“DANGERS OF DRUGS”
“

Prepared by:
Ari Rusliyanto
PAI VII.2

Lecture : M. Irham, M.Ag

JURUSAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM

SEKOLAH TINGGI AGAMA ISLAM AL-MASTHURIYAH
SUKABUMI
2017
 PREFACE

Assalamua’alaikum Wr.Wb

Praise we pray Allah Almighty. Because of the blessing and his guidance we
can finish this paper. Shalawat along gushing greetings to Prophet Muhammad as
well as friends and family until the end of time.
Thank God I can finish a paper submitted to fulfill one task subjects "English"
all this thanks to the support of all parties, especially the supervisor M. Irham, SsMSi
which already provide support in the writing of this paper.
In this paper we discuss about Reading Comprehension, Hopefully with this
paper is expected someone to be able to read and understand the contents of the
English text.
However, it was realized that this paper is far from perfect and there are errors
in writing or references are still inadequate. Speakers apologize and hopefully this
effort speakers guidance and pleasure Allah.
Amin yaa Rabbal ‘Alamin

December, 2017

Author

i
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE ................................................................................................. i
TABLE OF CONTENTS ......................................................................... ii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. Background .................................................................... 1
B. Formulation of The Problem ......................................... 1
C. The Purpose ................................................................... 1

CHAPTER II DISCUSSION
A. Definition ....................................................................... 2
B. Various Drugs ................................................................ 3
C. Factors that Encourage .................................................. 4
D. Hazard ............................................................................ 5
E. Translate ........................................................................ 6
F. Question ......................................................................... 12
G. Answer ........................................................................... 12
H. Vocabulary ..................................................................... 14

CHAPTER III CLOSING

A. Conclution ...................................................................... 14
B. Suggestion ...................................................................... 14

REFERENCE

ii
 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

A. Background
Drugs are the abbreviation of narcotics, psychotropic and other addictive
materials. Drug familiar terminology used by law enforcement officials, such as
police (including the National Narcotics Agency), prosecutors, judges and
correctional officers. In addition to drugs, another term that refers to all three of these
substances are drugs that of narcotics, psychotropic and addictive substances. The
term drug more commonly used by healthcare practitioners and rehabilitation. But in
essence the meaning of both terms still refer to the three types of the same substance.
According to Law 22 of 1997 on Narcotics Narcotics are narcotics mentioned
sense are "substances or drugs derived from plant or not plant either synthetic or
semi-synthetic that can cause degradation or alteration of consciousness, loss of taste,
reduce to eliminate pain, and can creating dependency ".
The drug is actually a legal drug that digukan in medicine, however, woman is
widely abused drugs. Even young people who use drugs are not little. Many of those
who use the drug for reasons of mental pleasure, but not much mengetahuai
sayingnya dangers of drugs. Therefore, in addition to completing the task of subjects
Bhs. Indonesia, we kam i compile this paper aims to provide information how
dangerous drugs.
B. Formulation of The Problem
1. What sense Drugs?
2. How many kinds of drugs?
3. What are the dangers of drugs?
1. Purpose
1. For Knowing about drugs
2. For Knowing many kinds of drugs
3. For Knowing are dangers of drugs

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 CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION

A. Definition
Drugs are the abbreviation of narcotics, psychotropic and other addictive
materials. Drug familiar terminology used by law enforcement officials, such as
police (including the National Narcotics Agency), prosecutors, judges and
correctional officers. In addition to drugs, another term that refers to all three of these
substances are drugs that of narcotics, psychotropic and addictive substances. The
term drug more commonly used by healthcare practitioners and rehabilitation. But in
essence the meaning of both terms still refer to the three types of the same substance.
According to Law 22 of 1997 on Narcotics Narcotics are narcotics mentioned
sense are "substances or drugs derived from plant or not plant either synthetic or
semi-synthetic that can cause degradation or alteration of consciousness, loss of taste,
reduce to eliminate pain, and can creating dependency ".
Psychotropic is "a substance or drug, either natural or synthetic non-narcotic,
which is efficacious psychoactive through selective effect on the central nervous
system that causes typical changes in mental activity and behavior".
Other addictive substances are "substances or other materials instead of
narcotics and psychotropic substances that affect the brain and can lead to
dependence" Nonetheless, it is important note that not all types of narcotics and
psychotropic use is prohibited. Because quite a lot of narcotics and psychotropic also
has great benefits in the field of medicine and for the benefit of the development of
knowledge. According to Law 22 of 1997 and Law No. 5 of 1997, narcotics and
psychotropic substances are included in Group I is a type of substance that is
considered illegal. As a result of the illegalnya status, anyone who has, manufacture,
use, distribute and / or distribute narcotics and psychotropic Category I may be
imposed in accordance with the provisions of the criminal law apply.

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B. Various Drugs
1. Opium
Papaver somniferum plant sap obtained by tapping (scraping) who want ripe
fruit. The sap that comes out white and named "lates". The sap is allowed to dry on
the surface of the fruit that is brown-black-and post-processing will be a soft
dough that resembles asphalt. This is called raw opium or opium rough. Opium
contains an assortment of rugged active substances are often misused. Opium cook
brown color is dark brown or blackish. Traded in packaging tin box with assorted
stamp, among other snakes, skulls, eagle, globe, cap 999, cap dog, etc.. Its use by
means of sucked.
2. Morphine
Morphine is produced from opium / opiate raw. Merupaakan main alkaloid
morphine from opium (C17H19NO3). Morphine tastes bitter, a fine white powder
form or in the form of a colorless liquid. Its use by means of smoked and injected.
3. Heroin (heroin)
Heroin had a power of two times stronger than morphine and is the type most
commonly abused opiate people in Indonesia at the end - this end. Heroin, which
is pharmacologically similar to morphine causes people to become sleepy and
erratic mood swings. Although the manufacture, sale and possession of heroin is
illegal, but the attempted heroin remains available for patients with terminal cancer
as analgesic and euphoric effects it good.
4. Morphine
Codeine including salt / derivative of opium / opium. Codeine effects are weaker
than heroin, and its potential to cause low ketergantungaan. Usually sold in pill
form or liquid clear. How to use ingested and injected.
5. Demerol
Another name of Demerol is pethidina. Its use can be swallowed or by injection.
Demerol is sold in a pill form and colorless liquid.

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 6. Methadone
Currently many digunakanorang Methadone in the treatment of opioid
dependence. Opioid antagonists have been made to treat opioid overdose and
opioid dependence. A large number of synthetic narcotics (opioids) have been
made, including meperidine (Demerol), methadone (Dolphine), pentazocine
(Talwin), and propocyphene (Darvon). Methadone is currently widely used in the
treatment of opioid dependence. Opioid antagonists have been made to treat opioid
overdose and opioid dependence. The drug class is nalaxone (Narcan), naltrxone
(Trexan), nalorphine, levalorphane, and apomorphine. A number of compounds
with activity
mix of agonists and antagonists have been synthesized, and the compounds
are pentazocine, butorphanol (Stadol), and buprenorphine (Buprenex). Several
studies have found that buprenorphine is an effective treatment for opioid
dependence. Name popoler types of opioids: putauw, etep, PT, white.

C. Factors that Encourage

Motivation in substance abuse and drug-related motivational concerns turned
out to individual circumstances (individual motivation) is about the physical,
emotional, intellectual and mental-interpersonal.
In addition to the individual motivations that lead to an action of substance
abuse, there are other factors that have a close relationship with substance abuse
condition that sociocultural factors such as the following, and this is a deep pressed
mood in adolescents; among others:
 Divide the family unit eg divorce, the family moved, parents no / rarely at home
and so on.
 The influence of mass media such as advertisements on drugs and substances.
 Rapid technological change.
 escape values and religious systems as well as the melting of moral standards;
(this means the need coaching character - Akhlaq)
 Increased idle time.

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  Imbalance economic circumstances such as poverty, economic disparity ethno
racial, luxury boring and so on.
 Being a man for others

D. Hazard
1. According to the effect
Hallucinogens, the effects of the drug can result if taken in certain doses so
can result in a person becoming air-hallucinations to see a thing / object that does
not exist / is not a real example, cocaine and LSD Stimulants, effects of drugs that
can lead to employment organs such as the heart and brain working faster than
usual work resulting in a more powerful one for a while, and tend to make the user
more happy and excited for a while Depressants, the effects of drugs that can
depress the central nervous system and reduces the functional activity of the body,
so that the wearer feel calm even may make users sleep and unconsciousness. For
example, heroin Addictive, Someone who is taking drugs usually will want and
want again because of certain substances in the drug resulted in a person tends to
be passive, because the drug indirectly decide the nerves in the brain, such as
marijuana, heroin, heroin If it is too long and had drug addiction then gradually
organs in the body will be damaged and if it exceeds the dose then the user will
eventually overdose and death

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2. by type
As for the dangers of drugs by type are as follows:

a. pioids: b. Cocaine
 severe depression  The heart rate increases rapidly
 apathy  restless
 excessive fatigue  excessive joy
 lazy to move  increased sense of self-esteem
 much sleep  much to say
 nervous o restless  convulsions
 always feel suspicious  dilated pupils
 The heart rate increases rapidly o  cold sweat
excessive joy  nausea to vomiting
 much to say but slurred  easy fight
 increased sense of self-esteem o  bleeding on the brain o blocked
convulsions arteries
 pupils shrink  uncontrolled eye movements
 The increase in blood pressure  stiffness of the neck muscles
 cold sweat
 nausea to vomiting
 injury to the nasal cavity bulkhead
 loss of appetite
 weight loss

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c. Marijuana d. Ectasy
 puffy eyes  energetic but his eyes glazed and
 eyelids look swollen, red, and his face pale,
watery  sweating
 often daydream  difficulty sleeping
 hearing impaired  brain damage
 always laugh  dehydration
 sometimes quick-tempered  liver disorders
 not excited  bone and tooth loss
 restless  no appetite
 dehydration  The optic nerve is damaged
 bones brittle teeth
 liver
 nerve and brain damaged optic
nerve
 schizophrenia
e. Shabu-shabu: f. Benzodiazepines:
 energetic  staggered
 paranoid  facial redness
 difficulty sleeping  much to say but slurred
 difficult to think  irritability
 brain damage, especially nerves  impaired concentration
that control breathing to feel  damage to body organs,
shortness of breath especially the brain
 much to say
 The heart rate increases rapidly
 brain hemorrhage
 shock to the heart's blood vessels
that will lead to death.

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 Terjemah

A. Definisi
Narkoba adalah singkatan dari narkotika, psikotropika dan bahan adiktif lainnya.
Terminologi yang dikenal oleh dokter yang digunakan oleh aparat penegak hukum,
seperti polisi (termasuk Badan Narkotika Nasional), jaksa, hakim dan petugas
pemasyarakatan. Selain obat-obatan, istilah lain yang mengacu pada ketiga zat ini
adalah obat-obatan narkotik, zat psikotropika dan adiktif. Istilah obat lebih umum
digunakan oleh praktisi kesehatan dan rehabilitasi. Namun intinya arti kedua istilah
tersebut tetap mengacu pada tiga jenis zat yang sama.
Menurut UU 22 tahun 1997 tentang Narkotika Narkotika adalah narkotika yang
dimaksud adalah "zat atau obat yang berasal dari tumbuhan atau tidak tanaman baik
sintetis atau semi sintetis yang dapat menyebabkan degradasi atau perubahan
kesadaran, kehilangan rasa, mengurangi untuk menghilangkan rasa sakit, dan dapat
menciptakan ketergantungan ".
Psikotropika adalah "zat atau obat, baik yang bersifat alami atau sintetis non-
narkotika, yang manjur secara psikoaktif melalui efek selektif pada sistem saraf pusat
yang menyebabkan perubahan khas pada aktivitas dan perilaku mental".
Zat adiktif lainnya adalah "zat atau bahan lain, bukan zat narkotika dan psikotropika
yang mempengaruhi otak dan dapat menyebabkan ketergantungan." Meskipun
demikian, penting dicatat bahwa tidak semua jenis narkotika dan penggunaan
psikotropika dilarang. Karena cukup banyak narkotika dan psikotropika juga
memiliki manfaat besar di bidang kedokteran dan untuk kepentingan pengembangan
pengetahuan. Menurut UU No. 22 tahun 1997 dan Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun
1997, zat narkotika dan psikotropika termasuk dalam Kelompok I adalah jenis zat
yang dianggap ilegal. Akibat status tidak resmi, siapa saja yang memiliki,
memproduksi, menggunakan, mendistribusikan dan / atau mendistribusikan narkotika
dan psikotropika Kategori I dapat dikenakan sesuai dengan ketentuan hukum pidana
yang berlaku.

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B. Macam – macam Narkoba
1. Opium
Papaver somniferum getah tanaman diperoleh dengan mengetuk (scraping) yang
menginginkan buah matang. Getah yang keluar putih dan diberi nama "lates".
Getah tersebut diijinkan mengering di permukaan buah yang berwarna coklat-
hitam-dan pasca pengolahan akan menjadi adonan lembut yang menyerupai
aspal. Ini disebut raw opium atau opium kasar. Opium mengandung bermacam-
macam zat aktif kasar yang sering disalahgunakan. Cokelat opium berwarna
coklat kecoklatan atau kehitam-hitaman. Diperdagangkan dalam kemasan kotak
timah dengan berbagai macam stempel, antara lain ular, tengkorak, elang, globe,
topi 999, cap dog, dll. Penggunaannya dengan cara mengisap.
2. Morfin
Morfin diproduksi dari opium / opiat mentah. Merupaakan morfin alkaloid utama
dari opium (C17H19NO3). Morfin rasanya pahit, bentuk serbuk putih halus atau
dalam bentuk cairan tak berwarna. Penggunaannya dengan cara diisap dan
disuntikkan.
3. Heroin (heroin)
Heroin memiliki kekuatan dua kali lebih kuat dari pada morfin dan merupakan
tipe yang paling sering disalahgunakan orang-orang opiat di Indonesia pada
akhirnya - akhir ini. Heroin, yang secara farmakologis mirip dengan morfin
menyebabkan orang menjadi mengantuk dan suasana hati yang tidak menentu.
Meskipun pembuatan, penjualan dan kepemilikan heroin adalah ilegal, namun
heroin yang dicoba tetap tersedia untuk pasien kanker stadium akhir sebagai efek
analgesik dan euforia.
4. Morfin
Codeine termasuk garam / turunan opium / opium. Efek kodein lebih lemah dari
heroin, dan potensinya menyebabkan ketergantungaan rendah. Biasanya dijual
dalam bentuk pil atau cairan bening. Cara menggunakan tertelan dan disuntikkan.
5. Demerol

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 Nama lain dari Demerol adalah pethidina. Penggunaannya bisa ditelan atau
dengan suntikan. Demerol dijual dalam bentuk pil dan cairan tak berwarna.

6. Metadon
Saat ini banyak digunakanorang Metadon dalam pengobatan ketergantungan
opioid. Antagonis opioid telah dilakukan untuk mengobati overdosis opioid dan
ketergantungan opioid. Sejumlah besar narkotika sintetis (opioid) telah dibuat,
termasuk meperidin (Demerol), metadon (Dolphine), pentazocine (Talwin), dan
propocyphene (Darvon). Metadon saat ini banyak digunakan dalam pengobatan
ketergantungan opioid. Antagonis opioid telah dilakukan untuk mengobati
overdosis opioid dan ketergantungan opioid. Kelas obat adalah nalaxone
(Narcan), naltrxone (Trexan), nalorfin, levalorfin, dan apomorfin. Sejumlah
senyawa dengan aktivitas campuran agonis dan antagonis telah disintesis, dan
senyawanya adalah pentazocine, butorphanol (Stadol), dan buprenorfin
(Buprenex). Beberapa penelitian menemukan bahwa buprenorfin adalah
pengobatan yang efektif untuk ketergantungan opioid. Nama popoler jenis
opioid: putauw, etep, PT, putih.

C. Faktor yang Mendorong

Motivasi dalam penyalahgunaan zat dan masalah motivasi terkait obat ternyata
keadaan individu (motivasi individu) adalah tentang fisik, emosional, intelektual dan
mental-interpersonal.
Selain motivasi individu yang mengarah pada tindakan penyalahgunaan zat, ada
faktor lain yang memiliki hubungan dekat dengan kondisi penyalahgunaan zat
sehingga faktor sosiokultural seperti berikut, dan ini adalah suasana hati yang dalam
pada remaja; diantara yang lain:
 Bagi unit keluarga misalnya perceraian, keluarga pindah, orang tua tidak /
jarang di rumah dan sebagainya.
 Pengaruh media massa seperti iklan obat dan zat.

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  Perubahan teknologi yang cepat.
 Melepaskan nilai-nilai dan sistem keagamaan serta melebarnya standar moral;
(ini berarti karakter pembinaan kebutuhan - Akhlaq)
 Ketidakseimbangan keadaan ekonomi seperti kemiskinan, disparitas ekonomi
etno rasial, kemewahan membosankan dan sebagainya
 Menjadi pria untuk orang lain.

D. Bahaya
1. Menurut pengaruhnya
Halusinogen, efek obat bisa terjadi jika diminum dalam dosis tertentu sehingga
bisa mengakibatkan seseorang menjadi halusinasi udara untuk melihat benda /
benda yang tidak ada / bukan contoh nyata, kokain dan LSD, Stimulan, efek obat
yang bisa mengakibatkan kerja organ seperti jantung dan otak bekerja lebih cepat
dari pada pekerjaan biasa sehingga menghasilkan yang lebih kuat untuk
sementara, dan cenderung membuat pengguna lebih senang dan bersemangat
untuk sementara, Depresi, efek obat yang bisa menekan sistem saraf pusat dan
mengurangi aktivitas fungsional tubuh, sehingga pemakainya merasa tenang
bahkan bisa membuat pengguna tidur dan tidak sadarkan diri. Misalnya heroin
Kecanduan, Seseorang yang mengonsumsi obat biasanya akan menginginkan dan
menginginkan lagi karena zat tertentu dalam obat tersebut mengakibatkan
seseorang cenderung pasif, karena obat tersebut secara tidak langsung
menentukan saraf di otak, seperti ganja, heroin, heroin. Jika terlalu lama dan
memiliki kecanduan obat maka secara bertahap organ dalam tubuh akan rusak
dan jika melebihi dosis maka pengguna pada akhirnya akan overdosis dan mati.

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Question
1. What is the topic of the text ?
2. What is the main idea of the text ?
3. What the Defnition of Drugs According to Law 22 of 1997 on Narcotics ?
4. What the meaning of Psychotropic ?
5. What the meaning of Material Adictive ?
6. What Factors that Encourage adolescents use to Drugs ?
7. What the kinds of Drugs ?
8. Why Drugs Dangerous ?
9. What the effect of cocain
10. What the effect of Shabu – shabu ?

Answer
1. Drugs
2. Dangers of Drugs
3. Substances or drugs derived from plant or not plant either synthetic or semi-
synthetic that can cause degradation or alteration of consciousness, loss of taste,
reduce to eliminate pain, and can creating dependency
4. Substance or drug, either natural or synthetic non-narcotic, which is efficacious
psychoactive through selective effect on the central nervous system that causes
typical changes in mental activity and behavior".
5. Addictive substances are "substances or other materials instead of narcotics and
psychotropic substances that affect the brain and can lead to dependence
6. This is a deep pressed mood in adolescents; among others:
 Divide the family unit eg divorce, the family moved, parents no / rarely at
home and so on.
 The influence of mass media such as advertisements on drugs and
substances.
 Rapid technological change.

12
  escape values and religious systems as well as the melting of moral
standards; (this means the need coaching character - Akhlaq)
 Increased idle time.
 Imbalance economic circumstances such as poverty, economic disparity
ethno racial, luxury boring and so on.
 Being a man for others
7. Varius of Drugs
 Opium
 Morphine
 Heroin (heroin)
 Morphine
 Demerol
 Methadone
8. Hallucinogens, the effects of the drug can result if taken in certain doses so can
result in a person becoming air-hallucinations to see a thing / object that does not
exist / is not a real example
heroin If it is too long and had drug addiction then gradually organs in the body
will be damaged and if it exceeds the dose then the user will eventually overdose
and death
9. Effect Cocain
 The heart rate increases rapidly
 restless
 excessive joy
 increased sense of self-esteem
 much to say
 convulsions
 dilated pupils
 cold sweat
 nausea to vomiting

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 10. Effect Shabu - shabu
• energetic
• paranoid
• difficulty sleeping
• difficult to think
• brain damage, especially nerves that control breathing to feel shortness of
breath
• much to say

Vocabulary

1. Drugs : Narkoba
2. addictive materials : Zat Adiktif
3. Awareness : kesadaran
4. Dependency : ketergantungan
5. Banned : dilarang
6. Misused : disalahgunakan
7. Pill : pil
8. Clear Liquid : cairan bening
9. Abuse : penyalahgunaan
10. Sucking : mengisap.
11. Euphoria : euforia.
12. Overdose : overdosis
13. Compound : senyawa
14. Mix : campuran
15. Effect : efek
16. Addiction : Kecanduan
17. Broken : rusak
18. Morfin : Morphine (jenis Narkoba)
19. Demerol : Demerol (jenis Narkoba)
20. Metadon : Methadone (jenis Narkoba)

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 CHAPTER III
CLOSING

A. Conclusion
Of the above papers can ditark conclusion that
1) Drugs are very dangerous goods and can damage the nervous system that can
change a person's personality becomes progressively worse
2) Drug crime is a source of action which could undermine norms and tranquility
3) Potential negative impacts which affect the body both physically and
psychologically

B. Suggestion
Finally the paper entitled drug effects for adolescents has been completed and
hopefully this short paper such bias benefit us all that well for the General Student so
they can understand about the dangers of drugs are biting our moral bias and as the
younger generation.

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 REFERENCE

• Effendi, Luqman, 2008. Basics Module

Sociology & Sociology KesehatanI. Jakarta:
PSKM FKK ISTA.

• Kartono, Kartini, 1992. Pathology II Juvenile

Delinquency. Jakarta: Rajawali.

• Mangku, Made Pastika, Mudji Waluyo, Arief

Sumarwoto, and Ulani Yunus, 2007. Drug prevention is
early age. Jakarta: The National Narcotics Board of
Indonesia.

• Shadily, Hassan, 1993. Sociology For Indonesian

Society. Jakarta: PT Rineka Reserved.

• Soekanto, Suryono, 2006. An Introduction to Sociology. Jakarta: PT King

Grafindo Persuda

• Sofyan, Ahmadi, 2007. Drug Targeting Your Children A

Guide for Parents, Teachers, and the National Narcotics Drug
Prevention Among Adolescents. New York: Library Publisher
Achievement.

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