Corbel Analysis & Design 1.

0
Introduction

380 Material

200
80 Geometri
55

Load Data

Analysis

505
h
450

Design

395 401

Elevation
302
b

Section

Checks
0.44
0.95 0.2 Vu/Nu ≤ 1
0.53 Vn/(0.2 fc' b d) ≤ 1
0.67 Vn/(5.55b d) ≤ 1
0.99
0.72 Ah/Ah_sel ≤ 1

Turan Babacan
 Introduction

Material Properties
Material

Geometri Yield strength of reinforcement, fy 415.00

Load Data Compressive strength of concrete, fc’ 35.00

Analysis
Coefficient of Concrete, λ
Design Concrete λ
Normal weight concrete 1.00
Sand light weight concrete 0.85
All light weight concrete 0.75

Normal weight concrete, λ 1.00

Coefficient of Friction, μ

Application Method μc
Concrete cast monolithic 1.4λ
Concrete placed against roughened hardened concrete 1.0λ
Concrete placed against unroughened hardened concrete 0.6λ
Concrete anchored to structural steel 0.7λ

μc 1.4λ

Coefficient friction, μ 1.40

Checks
a/d ≤ 1
0.2 Vu/Nu ≤ 1
Vn/(0.2 fc' b d) ≤ 1
Vn/(5.55b d) ≤ 1
Asc/Asel ≤ 1
Ah/Ah_sel ≤ 1
Mpa

Mpa
Corbel Geometri

Width of corbel, bw 302 mm

Total thickness of corbel, h 505 mm

Cover of corbel, Cv 55 mm

Length of corbel, Cv 401 mm

Width of column, bc 395 mm

Depth to main reinforcement, d 450 mm

Design Load Data

Distance from face to co

 Factored vertical load, Vu 380 kN

Distance from face to column, a 200 mm

Horizontal force, Nu 80 kN

Strength reduction factor, ϕ 0.75

1. Find factored shear Vu and tensile force Nuc
Nuc_min = 0.2 x Vu

Compute nominal value of shear and tensile force

Check section
0.2 x fc’x b x d ( kN) > Vn
5.5 x b x d ( kN) > Vn

2. Compute shear-friction reinforcement (ACI 11.7.4.1)

3. Calculate required flexural reinforcement (11.9.3.3)

Mu = Vu av + Nuc (h – d)
Af = Mu / ϕ fy (0.85d)

4. Reinforcement to carry tensile force (ACI 11.9.3.4)

5. Required main flexural steel (Asc) is given by (ACI 11.9.3.5 and 11.9.5)

6. Provide closed horizontal stirrups (ACI 11.9.4)

Ah = 0.5 (Asc – An)
 Nuc_min = 0.2 x Vu 76.00 kN
Nuc_act 80.00 kN

and tensile force

Vn = Vu / 0.75 506.67 kN
Nnc = Nuc / 0.75 106.67 kN

0.2 x fc’x b x d ( kN) > Vn 951.30 kN

5.5 x b x d ( kN) > Vn 747.45 kN

Avf = Vn /μ fy 872.06 mm2

Mu = Vu av + Nuc (h – d) 80400000
Af = Mu / ϕ fy (0.85d) 675.33 mm2

An = Nuc / ϕfy 257.03 mm2

ACI 11.9.3.5 and 11.9.5)

Af + An 932.36 mm2
2Avf/3 + An 838.40 mm2
Asc 932.36 mm2 SELECT BAR >>>
Asc_sc 942.48
Asc_prov 942.48 mm2

Ah = 0.5 (Asc – An) 337.66 mm2

Ah_sc 471.24 mm2 SELECT BAR >>>
Ah_prov 471.24 mm2
Sh 100 mm
Reinforcement Design

#: 1
Φ: Φ20 mm
As : 314.2 mm2
L: 2574.0 mm

#: 2
Φ: Φ20 mm
As : 628.3 mm2
L: 2486.0 mm

#: 3
Φ: Φ10 mm
As : 471.2 mm2
Sh : 100.0 mm
L: 2136.0 mm
Introduction
Corbel is a short structural element that cantilevers out from column/wall to support load.
Generally, the corbel is casted monolithically with column/wall.

There are several typical modes of failure in the corbel. The most common of which are yielding of the tension tie,
failure of the end anchorages of the tension tie, either under the load point or in the column,
failure of the compression strut by crushing or shearing, and local failures under the bearing plate.

The following figures shows the failure mode of corbel

ACI Design Method

The corbel must be designed to resist simultaneously Vu, a factored moment Mu and a factored horizontal tensile force Nuc.
ACI Code Section 11.8 requires corbels having a/d between 1 and 2 to designed using Appendix A, strut-and-tie models,
where a is the distance from the load to the face of column and d is the depth of the corbel below the tie, measured at the face of the c
Corbels having a/d less than or equal 1 may be designed using either strut-and-tie models or traditional ACI designed method,
Section 11.8. This paper presents Corbels design according to traditional ACI method.

Shear Design of Corbel

To avoid the crack that occurs in the interface of the corbel and the column we must provide the shear friction reinforcement
perpendicular with the cracks direction. We use coefficient of friction μ to transform the horizontal resisting force into vertical resis
We use coefficient of friction μ to transform the horizontal resisting force into vertical resisting force.
The nominal shear strength of shear reinforcement can be determined using equations below
Vn = Avf fy μ for vertical shear friction reinforcement, and
Vn = Avf fy (μ sin αf + cos αf) for inclined shear reinforcement
where
Vn : nominal shear strength of shear friction reinforcement
Avf : area of shear friction reinforcement
fy : yield strength of shear friction reinforcement
μ : coefficient of friction

Coefficient of Concrete, λ
Concrete λ
Normal weight concrete 1.00
Sand light weight concrete 0.85
All light weight concrete 0.75

Coefficient of Friction, μ
Application Method μc
Concrete cast monolithic 1.4λ
Concrete placed against roughened hardened concrete 1.0λ
Concrete placed against unroughened hardened concrete 0.6λ
Concrete anchored to structural steel 0.7λ

The maximum nominal shear force, Vn shall not exceed the smallest of 0.2 fc’ bw d and 5.5 bw d, where
fc’ : compression strength of concrete (MPa)
bw : width of corbel section (mm)
d : effective depth of corbel (mm)

Flexural Design of Corbel

The corbel is designed to resist ultimate flexural moment result from the supported beam reaction,
Vu and horizontal force from creep and shrinkage, Nuc. The minimum value of Nuc is 0.2 Vu and not greater than Vu.

Tension Reinforcement
The ultimate horizontal force, Nuc shall be resisted by tension reinforcement as follow
An = Nuc / ϕfy
Where:
An : area of tension reinforcement
Nuc : ultimate horizontal force at corbel
fy : yield strength of shear friction reinforcement
ϕ : strength reduction factor
Flexural Reinforcement
The ultimate flexure moment, Mu is
Mu = Vu av + Nuc (h – d)
Where:
Mu : ultimate flexure moment
Vu : ultimate shear force
av : distance from Vu to the face of column
Nuc : ultimate horizontal force at corbel
h : height of corbel
d : effective depth of corbel
Mu ≤ ϕ Af fy (d-a/2) where
a = Af fy / 0.85f’c b
From the equation above, area of flexural reinforcement, Af can be determined using trial and error.
As first trial, (d – a/2) can be assumed 0.9d so that
Af ≥ Mu / ϕ fy (0.9d)
For practical reason, the value of (d – a/2) can be used 0.85d
Af ≥ Mu / ϕ fy (0.85d)
After finding Avf, An, and Af, we must then calculate the primary tension reinforcement Asc from the larger ofAf + An and 2Avf/3 + An
Reinforcement Limits
The primary steel reinforcement at corbel design,
Asc shall not be less than 0.04 fc‘ bw d /fy
The horizontal closed stirrups,
Ah shall not be less than 0.5 (Asc – An)
Distribution of Corbel Reinforcement
The horizontal closed stirrups, Ah shall be distributed uniformly within (2/3) d adjacent to primary tension reinforcement.
Design Procedure
1. Find factored shear Vu and tensile force Nuc
If Nuc is not specified, use a minimum value of N uc = 0.2 Vu (ACI 11.9.3.4)
Compute nominal values of shear and tensile force
Vn = Vu / 0.75 ; Nnc = Nuc / 0.75
If Vn > 0.2 fc’ b d OR
Vn > 5.5 b d then section size is inadequate (ACI 11.9.3.2)
2. Compute shear-friction reinforcement (ACI 11.7.4.1)
Avf = Vn /μ fy
3. Calculate required flexural reinforcement (11.9.3.3)
Mu = Vu av + Nuc (h – d)
Af = Mu / ϕ fy (jd) (assume jd = 0.85d)
4. Reinforcement to carry tensile force (ACI 11.9.3.4)
An = Nuc / ϕfy
5. Required main flexural steel (Asc) is given by (ACI 11.9.3.5 and 11.9.5)
the larger of
Af + An and 2Avf/3 + An
6. Provide closed horizontal stirrups (ACI 11.9.4)
Ah = 0.5 (Asc – An)
Ensure adequate detailing (ACI 11.9.6 & 11.9.7)
Detailed reinforcement
 MENU

yielding of the tension tie,

ctored horizontal tensile force Nuc.

pendix A, strut-and-tie models,
l below the tie, measured at the face of the column.
ls or traditional ACI designed method,

vide the shear friction reinforcement

horizontal resisting force into vertical resisting force.
sisting force.
Vu and not greater than Vu.
from the larger ofAf + An and 2Avf/3 + An

o primary tension reinforcement.