Final Report R4-Markingfree - Rev

INDONESIA’S PEATLAND RESTORATION
AGENCY (BADAN RESTORASI GAMBUT, BRG)

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
TITLE OF DOCUMENT NUMBER OF DOCUMENT REVISION PAGE
FINAL PROJECT REPORT
PT. LAPI GANESHATAMA Consulting Indonesia in Joint Venture

with PT. Citra Lahan Utama and PT. Binatama Wirawredha
Konsultan
March 2018
Rev Date Description By Checked Approved
R0 21 March 2018 Issued for Review and Comments HD HM YS
IFA = Issued for Approval

HD= Hendra Darmawan, YS = Yadi Suryadi, HM = Hernawan Mahfudz
TOTAL OR PARTIAL REPRODUCTION AND / OR UTILIZATION OF THIS DOCUMENT ARE FORBIDDEN
WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN AUTHORIZATION OF MILLENNIUM CHALLENGE ACCOUNT - INDONESIA
Preface
By mentioning the name of Allah SWT, Most Gracious, Most Merciful,

we offer praise and gratitude for His presences, which has bestowed His grace,
guidance and mercy upon us, so that we can complete and submit this report
in timely manner.
Through Contract No. GP-B-057, Consortium of PT. LAPI

GANESHATAMA Consulting, PT. Citra Lahan Utama and PT. Binatama
Wirawredha Konsultan had carried out the tasks required by the Contract.
PT. LAPI GANESHATAMA Consulting was appointed as the leader of the
Consortium and furthermore act as the representative of the Consortium.
This FINAL REPORT is submitted to fulfill the deliverable No.7, of the

Consulting Service of “INDONESIA’S PEATLAND RESTORATION AGENCY (BADAN
RESTORASI GAMBUT, BRG) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE” that was required to be
submitted by February 28th, 2018, as stated in the Contract Amendment No.2
of Contract No. GP-B-057.
This report shall give summarized result of each activities involved in

this Project/Contract: (1) Water Table Monitoring Pilot Program; (2) Peatland
Mapping and Inventory of Peatland Landscape; (3) Canal Blocking Plan; (4)
Detailed Engineering Design (DED); and (5) Free, Prior and Informed Consent
(FPIC).
Finally, we hope that this report will provide benefits for MCA-
Indonesia as the Owner of this project, for Badan Restorasi Gambut and all
readers as well.
On behalf of the Consortium,
Hernawan Mahfudz
Project Chief Operating Officer
PT. LAPI GANESHATAMA CONSULTING IN JOINT VENTURE WITH PT. page-i

CITRA LAHAN UTAMA AND PT. BINATAMA WIRAWREDHA KONSULTAN
Contents
Preface i
Contents ii
List of Figuresiv
List of Tables v
Chapter I. Introduction....................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Background ............................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Objectives ................................................................................................................... 2
1.3 Report Systematics ................................................................................................. 3
1.4 Problems Arose ........................................................................................................ 4
1.4.1 Change in Scope of Work ........................................................................... 4
1.4.2 Devices Procurement .................................................................................. 5
Chapter II. Overall Summary.......................................................................................................................6
Chapter III. Peatland Mapping and Inventory...........................................................................10

3.1 Product ......................................................................................................................10
3.2 Data Source ..............................................................................................................10
3.3 Challenges ................................................................................................................11
3.4 Implementation .....................................................................................................11
3.4.1 Survey Timeline ..........................................................................................11
3.4.2 Result...............................................................................................................13
Chapter IV. Canal Blocking Plan..............................................................................................................14

4.1 Product ......................................................................................................................14
4.2 Data Source ..............................................................................................................14
4.3 Challenges ................................................................................................................15
4.4 Implementation .....................................................................................................15
4.4.1 Site Survey.....................................................................................................15
PT. LAPI GANESHATAMA CONSULTING IN JOINT VENTURE WITH PT. page-ii

FINAL REPORT
4.4.2 Analysis and Result ....................................................................................16
Chapter V. Detailed Engineering Design .......................................................................................17

5.1 Product ......................................................................................................................17
5.2 Data Source ..............................................................................................................17
5.3 Challenges ................................................................................................................18
5.4 Implementation .....................................................................................................18
Chapter VI. Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC)........................................................20

6.1 Product ......................................................................................................................20
6.2 Data Source ..............................................................................................................20
6.3 Challenges ................................................................................................................20
Chapter VII. Water Table Monitoring Pilot Program ............................................................22

7.1 Product ......................................................................................................................22
7.2 Data Source ..............................................................................................................23
7.3 Challenges ................................................................................................................23
7.4 Implementation .....................................................................................................24
Chapter VIII. Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................29

8.1 Future Implementation.......................................................................................29
8.1.1 Peatland Restoration.................................................................................29
8.1.2 Water Table Monitoring System ...........................................................31
8.2 Important Points ...................................................................................................32
8.3 Lessons Learned ....................................................................................................33
PT. LAPI GANESHATAMA CONSULTING IN JOINT VENTURE WITH PT. page-iii

List of Figures
Figure II-1. Interrelationships between Activities....................................................... 7

Figure VII-1. Location of Alternative Point at BRG Points ......................................25
Figure VII-2. Chosen Location for Radio Device .........................................................26
Figure VII-3. Chosen Location for GSM Device ............................................................27
Figure VII-4. Monitoring Points in Jambi.......................................................................28
Figure VII-5. Monitoring Points in Central Kalimantan ...........................................28
Figure VIII-1. Illustration of Canal Blocking in Non-Conservation Land ..........30
Figure VIII-2. Illustration of Boat Passing Through Canal Blocking ...................30
PT. LAPI GANESHATAMA CONSULTING IN JOINT VENTURE WITH PT. page-iv

List of Tables
Table III-1. Challenges and Mitigations..........................................................................11

Table IV-1. Challenges and Mitigations ..........................................................................15
Table V-1. Challenges and Mitigations ...........................................................................18
Table VI-1. Challenges and Mitigations ..........................................................................20
Table VII-1. Challenges and Mitigations ........................................................................23
Table VII-2. Installation Points in Jambi ........................................................................27
Table VII-3. Installation Points in Pulang Pisau..........................................................27
PT. LAPI GANESHATAMA CONSULTING IN JOINT VENTURE WITH PT. page-v

CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
Green Prosperity Project (GP Project) is one largest component of official

agreement from the Government of the United States with the Government of
Indonesia (GOI), in reducing poverty in Indonesia through economic growth.
The GOI established Millennium Challenge Account – Indonesia (MCA-
Indonesia) through conclusion on April 2nd, 2018.
GP Project seeks to address critical constraints to economic growth while

supporting GOI’s commitment to a more sustainable, less carbon-intensive
future. GP Project has two specific objectives: (1) increasing household income
and (2) reducing land-based greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by promoting
utilization of renewable energy and sustainable natural resources
management. To reach these objectives, the GP Projects has funded or is in
process of funding a portfolio of projects that include components with
significant and groundbreaking peatland restoration activities.
MCA-Indonesia seeks to expand the reach of its support for peatland

restoration activities in Indonesia by engaging consulting services to provide
engineering support and technical assistance to the Indonesia’s Peatland
Restoration Agency (Badan Restorasi Gambut, BRG).
The technical assistance requirements include:
a. Development and pilot implementation of a water table monitoring

program for the Badan Restorasi Gambut (BRG). This will provide the tools
to monitor the water table mainly, and other environmental parameters;
and
b. Generation of detailed engineering designs (DEDs), peatland mapping and
inventory and obtaining Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC) for canal
blocking dams at peatland landscapes.
PT. LAPI GANESHATAMA CONSULTING IN JOINT VENTURE WITH PT. page-1

INTRODUCTION FINAL REPORT
In order to reach those goals, Millennium Challenge Account – Indonesia

(MCA-Indonesia) launched Request for Proposal named GP-B-057, having title
of consulting services to be: “INDONESIA’S PEATLAND RESTORATION AGENCY (BADAN
RESTORASI GAMBUT, BRG) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE”.
In response to the RFP, PT. LAPI GANESHATAMA Consulting, PT. BINATAMA

WIRAWREDHA KONSULTAN and PT. CITRA LAHAN UTAMA created a
consortium, working together to fulfill the vast requirement of MCA-Indonesia.
Combined in a consortium, this new entity shall partner with MCAI until the
end of the project carrying out Technical Assistance to Badan Restorasi
Gambut.
1.2 OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this project are:
1. Planning and Designing the Water Table Monitoring Pilot Program.
2. Documenting and Implementing the Monitoring Pilot Project Procedures.
3. Transferring knowledges to BRG staff.
4. Peatland Mapping & Inventory of KHG Sungai Bentayan-Sungai

Penimpahan, KHG Sungai Penimpahan-Sungai Air Hitam and of KHG
Sungai Kahayan-Sungai Sebangau.
5. Producing Canal Blocking Plans in KHG Sungai Bentayan-Sungai

Sungai Kahayan-Sungai Sebangau.
6. Producing Detailed Engineering Design in KHG Sungai Bentayan-Sungai

Sungai Kahayan-Sungai Sebangau, as well as the FPICs for the Canal
Blocking Structures.

1.3 REPORT SYSTEMATICS
This report is arranged based on the following systematics.
Chapter I. Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2 Objectives
1.3 Report Systematics
1.4 Problems Arose
Chapter II. Overall Summary
Chapter III. Peatland Mapping and Inventory

3.1 Product
3.2 Data Source
3.3 Challenges
Chapter IV. Canal Blocking Plan

4.1 Product
4.2 Data Source
4.3 Challenges
Chapter V. Detailed Engineering Design

5.1 Product
5.2 Data Source
5.3 Challenges
Chapter VI. Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC)

6.1 Product
6.2 Data Source
6.3 Challenges
Chapter VII. Water Table Monitoring Pilot Program

7.1 Product
7.2 Data Source
7.3 Challenges

Chapter VIII. Conclusion

8.1 Future Implementation
8.2 Strong Points
8.3 Lessons Learned
1.4 PROBLEMS AROSE
During the commencement of the Contract, some challenging conditions were

faced. The biggest constrain was information that some areas stated in the
Contract as our Scope of Work were already programmed by BRG under the
National State Budget (APBN).
The purchasing process of the Water Table Pilot Monitoring Devices also
requires delicate attention. After consulting with Procurement Agent of MCA-
I, it was concluded that the purchasing process may not meet the deadline of
this Contract.
Although those problems contributed to the delays of timeline fulfillment of

this project, they were immediately addressed. The resolutions for those
problems are described below.
1.4.1 Change in Scope of Work
Right after the Contract Signing, we immediately coordinated with BRG to

obtain data such as basemap, LiDAR data, hydrotopography, hypsography,
DEM (Digital Elevation Model), DTM (Digital Terrain Model), DSM (Digital
Surface Model), land cover map, registered concession areas etc.
During the consultation period, it was found that area of Ogan Komering Ilir
and Kubu Raya are already planned under the National State Budget (APBN).
These locations cannot receive funding from other sources that have similar
end-products, to avoid further conflict.
To overcome this situation, new areas were immediately examined based on

its data availability, and under close coordination with BRG new areas were
proposed as the replacement for Ogan Komering Ilir and Kubu Raya. The

replacement locations are Musi Banyuasin and Pulang Pisau. Deputy-II of BRG
(Mr. Alue Dohong) also requested that the location of Pulang Pisau which was
already programmed by APBN last year, to be reconducted.
The proposal was made official through Contract Amendment No.1. The whole
process in deciding the change of the Consultant’s Scope of Work took 2
months.
1.4.2 Devices Procurement
In the activity of Water Table Monitoring Pilot Program, Consultant are

obligated to determine specification of the remote devices, and MCA-I, through
the Procurement Agent will conduct the procurement. However, after
consultation with the Procurement Agent of MCA-I, the procurement process
will take longer time and may finish beyond the end of the Consultant’s terms.
It was advised to cancel the procurement.
This situation of course will reduce the benefit planned to be received by BRG
significantly. At this time, BRG is in need of remote devices for monitoring the
water table. Based on regulation, at least 15% of production blocks should be
monitored.
To overcome this situation, we proposed to conduct the procurement of the

devices without additional cost. Before realizing to face this situation, we
already planned to build 3 (three) prototypes of the water table monitoring
devices under our cost. After discussing with MCA-I, we were allowed to
conduct the procurement process of the remote devices without additional
cost. This change of Scope of Work leads to Contract Amendment No.2.

CHAPTER II. OVERALL SUMMARY
The main goal of this Project is to give Technical Assistance to Peatland

Restoration Agency (Badan Restorasi Gambut, BRG) in carrying out its main
function to restore the peatland, that over decades had been converted into
Palm Oil Plantation. The Technical Assistance was given in form of (1) Water
Table Monitoring System, with 3 (three) units of remote devices; and (2)
Detailed Engineering Designs for 720 canal blocking structures, equipped with
Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC) from land owners.
The locations stated as Scope of Work are:
1. Peatland Hydrological Unit (Kawasan Hidrologis Gambut, KHG) Sungai

Bentayan-Sungai Penimpahan, in Musi Banyuasin District, South
Sumatera. KHG code is KHG.16.06-07.04 (SK MenLHK No. 130/2017,
Ministerial Decree of Environmental and Forestry No. 130/2017)
2. KHG Sungai Penimpahan-Sungai Air Hitam, in Musi Banyuasin District,

South Sumatera. KHG code is KHG.16.07-01 (SK MenLHK No. 130/2017,
3. KHG Sungai Kahayan-Sungai Sebangau, in Pulang Pisau District, Central

Kalimantan. KHG code is KHG.62.11-14.02 (SK MenLHK No. 130/2017,
The goal was then achieved through series of activities, namely:
1. Water Table Monitoring

2. Peatland Mapping and Inventory
3. Canal Blocking
4. Detailed Engineering Design
5. Free, Prior and Informed Consent
These activities are conducted altogether as a whole, targeting on the

Technical Assistance as the main objective.

OVERALL SUMMARY FINAL REPORT
Figure II-1 shows the interrelationships between the activities. As one of the
main goals’ manifestation, Detailed Engineering Design (DED) requires
primary and supporting data, namely:
 Canal locations: hydro-topography map, from Peatland Mapping
 Ground elevation data: Digital Elevation Model, from Peatland Mapping
 Peat Thickness: Peat Thickness Map, from Peatland Mapping
 Canal blocking potential locations: from Canal Blocking Plan
 Local Consent: from FPIC
Figure II-1. Interrelationships between Activities
Some activities indeed run in series, such as surveys and analysis. But as a
whole, these activities also work together, since the analysis of DED requires
more analysis conducted by other activities.
In the end of this project, the product of this Technical Assistance to BRG are:

1. Detailed Engineering Design
 20 canal blocking structures located in KHG Sungai Bentayan-Sungai

Penimpahan and KHG Sungai Penimpahan-Sungai Air Hitam
 700 canal blocking structures located in KHG Sungai Kahayan-Sungai
Sebangau
 Detail Engineering Design Drawings, arranged in 1 album per village.
This arrangement is expected to provide a more detail information in
further construction phase.
2. Water Table Monitoring System
 3 (three) remote devices of Water Table Monitoring System

 Each remote device is comprised of 6 sensors:
a. Water Table
b. Rain Gauge
c. Temperature
d. Methane
e. Soil Moisture
f. Wind Direction
 The transmission of each device differs from one another, namely:
 Offline. The data are transferred through Wi-Fi signal to Android

smartphone.
 Radio. The data are transmitted through Radio Frequency signal
to another device.
 GSM. The data are transmitted through GSM connections to the
server, together with data received from the other device through
Radio Frequency.
3. Supporting Data. A Hard Disk Drive (HDD) will be submitted to MCA-I,

containing:
 Every final deliverable of this project

 Maps/GIS data obtained from all external sources

 Maps/GIS data produced for this Project

 Scanned Documents of FPIC Field Consent as well as documentations
 Water Table Monitoring System Training Documentations

CHAPTER III. PEATLAND MAPPING AND
INVENTORY
3.1 PRODUCT
The products of this activity are:
1. Concession Area Delineation Map. This map is required to determine

the spatial scope area of this project.
2. Fire Hazard Map. This map is required to determine the priority area map
for canal blocking plan.
3. Peat Thickness Map. This map was produced from field survey.
4. Priority Area Map. This map will narrow down the target, increasing the
leverage impact of the canal blocking structures planned to implement in
the area.
Complete product can be found in the soft files, in native format and in Portable
Document Format (PDF).
3.2 DATA SOURCE
In order to produce those maps, the data sources used are:
1. GIS data from BRG, which contains:
 Administration boundaries to village level

 Orthophoto, from 1:2500 scale LiDAR
 Digital Terrain Map, from 1:2500 scale LiDAR
 Hydro-topography map, derived from 1:2500 scale LiDAR
 Hypsography map, interval 1m
 Land cover map
 KHG delineation map

PEATLAND MAPPING AND INVENTORY FINAL REPORT
2. Forest Fire Map from (Ministry of Environmental and Forestry,

Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan, KLHK).
3. Field survey:
 Reconfirming the Land Cover Map in the field, especially to obtain

concession map
 Georadar survey, to obtain peat thickness map
3.3 CHALLENGES
During the project, there are challenges that had to be overcame. Under close
coordination with MCA-I, BRG and the team as well, those challenges were
managed. Some challenges and the mitigation actions are described in Table
III-1 below.
Table III-1. Challenges and Mitigations
NO. CHALLENGES MITIGATIONS

1. Peatland Map was not able to Peat Thickness Map produced
be retrieved from BRG. only by analyzing the data
One should wait for the official obtained by georadar survey.
release before using the
product.
3.4 IMPLEMENTATION
3.4.1 Survey Timeline
a. Preparation of administrative document
Survey Preparation was conducted at November 20th, 2017. The main

work was preparing administrative documents including introduction
letter for permit, time schedule, list of team members, survey duration,
flight tickets, local transport etc.

b. Coordinating with FPIC team
FPIC team that had already arrived in the project area, was preceding
technical team, collecting information and meeting important
stakeholders in project area. Preliminary information such as local
people’s perception on this project, land status, concession area
delineation and other information was collected and discussed with
technical team, finding the best strategy to start the survey.
Further field activities always involve FPIC team to bridge the

communication and also to maintain good relations with local
stakeholders.
c. Field orientation and acquisition preparation
Bearing the information from FPIC team, Peatland Mapping Team

conducted field orientation in project area to establish the mapping route
and prepare the necessary equipment to access the project area.
d. GPR data acquisition of survey area
GPR data acquisition was conducted and followed the survey routes
defined during field orientation.
e. Data Processing
After GPR data acquisition acquired, data will be processed to obtain the
depth of peat layer in survey area.
KHG SUNGAI BENTAYAN – SUNGAI

KHG SUNGAI KAHAYAN – SUNGAI
PENIMPAHAN AND KHG SUNGAI
SEBANGAU
PENIMPAHAN – SUNGAI AIR HITAM
November 20th - December 1st December 13rd 2017- January 10th
2017 (thirteen days) 2018
(29 days)

3.4.2 Result
In Musi Banyuasin, Hand-Auger data result shows the peat thickness in the
survey points ranged between 1.5 – 2 meters. According to georadar peat
contour map, the Hand-Auger points are located in area with peat
thickness around 1.5 to 2 meters. The matching range values between the
hand-auger and georadar result lead to the conclusion that peatland
contour map surveyed with georadar is valid. Range values are used since
the Hand-Auger estimated the peat thickness based on depth sampling
interval.
Similar to those in Musi Banyuasin, boreholes sampling results were

compared with the georadar-acquired peat contour map and yielding in
matching result, with the range of 2.8 to 3.5 meters.

CHAPTER IV. CANAL BLOCKING PLAN
4.1 PRODUCT
Activities of in producing Canal Blocking Plan are:
1. Concession Area Delineation Map. Together with FPIC Team, the Canal
Blocking Team visited the assisted area to reconfirm the boundaries.
2. Priority Area Map. Together with Peatland Mapping team, the Canal
Blocking Team developed and analyzed the priority area criteria.
3. Canal Network Identification. Potential points for canal blocking were

identified, for further detailing in DED activity. These canals blocking
potential points are filtered with the local consent obtained from FPIC
activity.
4. Canal Blocking Types. Canal Blocking types also considered the inputs
from local land owners, demanded the canal blockings to facilitate river
transport.
4.2 DATA SOURCE
In order to produce those products, the data sources used are listed below:
1. Peatland Mapping Activity.
2. Field Survey:
 Hydrometry survey
 Cross-sectional topography
 Geotechnical survey
 Interviews with local villagers
3. Government Regulations, Ministerial Decrees etc.

CANAL BLOCKING PLAN FINAL REPORT
4.3 CHALLENGES
managed. Some challenges and the mitigation actions described in Table IV-1
below.
Table IV-1. Challenges and Mitigations

1. Accessibility to visit the Local labors & guides were hired to
sites assist in showing the accessible
roads/canals
2. Resistances from local Persuasive approaches together with
villagers FPIC team reduced the resistances
4.4 IMPLEMENTATION
To identify canal block locations in Musi Banyasin and Pulang Pisau, site
surveys in those location were conducted to get the coordinate and type of
canal block that will be implemented.
4.4.1 Site Survey
Information on the site survey in Musi Banyuasin and Pulang Pisau is

described as follows,
1. Preparation of administrative document.
The administrative documents such as: (1) introduction letter for permit,
addressed to the office of provincial, district, sub-district; (2) surveyor
team member list; (3) survey duration estimation document; and (4) other
documents on the flight tickets, local transport as well as the necessary
equipment.
2. Coordination with FPIC team.
The information obtained by FPIC team was analyzed further for the
survey activities.

CANAL BLOCKING PLAN FINAL REPORT
3. Survey execution.
The survey was conducted for 3 (three) days in Musi Banyuasin and 20
(twenty) days in Pulang Pisau. More detailed information about the
duration is explained in the following table.

KHG SUNGAI KAHAYAN – SUNGAI
PENIMPAHAN AND KHG SUNGAI
SEBANGAU
October 23rd - October 25rd 2017 December 15th - December 20th
(three days) 2017 and January 5th – January 20th
2018 (20 days)
4.4.2 Analysis and Result
The data acquired from secondary data and site visit survey were used to
determine canal block locations, considering the acquired data such as canal
properties, elevation, and land use. The result of this activity is canal block
locations and types, 20 units in Musi Banyuasi, and 971 units in Pulang Pisau.
These canal blocking locations and types then analyzed by DED activity, to
produce 720 DEDs in both area.

CHAPTER V. DETAILED ENGINEERING DESIGN
5.1 PRODUCT
The products of Detailed Engineering Design activity are:
1. 20 canal blocking structures that are located in KHG Sungai Bentayan-

Sungai Penimpahan and KHG Sungai Penimpahan-Sungai Air Hitam.
2. 700 canal blocking structures that are located in KHG Sungai Kahayan-
Sungai Sebangau.
3. Detail Engineering Design Drawings, that were arranged in 1 album per

village. This arrangement is expected to provide a more detail information
in further construction phase.
5.2 DATA SOURCE
In order to produce those products, the data sources used are listed below:
1. Canal Blocking Potential Locations, produced by Canal Blocking Plan

activity.
2. Priority Area Map, analyzed by team.
3. Land Cover Map, one of the Peatland Mapping Team product.
4. Peat Thickness Map, analyzed by team.
5. Ground Elevation Map, analyzed by team.
6. Slope Map, analyzed by team.

DETAILED ENGINEERING DESIGN FINAL REPORT
5.3 CHALLENGES
During the project, there are challenges that had to be overcome. Under close
coordination with MCA-I, BRG and the field teams, those challenges were
managed. Some challenges and the mitigation actions described in Table V-1
below.
Table V-1. Challenges and Mitigations

1. This project should provide Canal Blocking Structure are
recommendations on design designed with 2 (two) lanes
characteristics of Canal Blocking with different crest elevations:
that can maintain the water one higher elevation lane for
level in canal at certain level, boats, and the other lower lane
while still allowing water for schotbalk operations.
transport.
2. Flow fluctuation during wet and Canal Blocking are designed to
dry season may result in low have water conveyance
water level during dry season capacity not less than the
and flooding condition during canal’s bank-full capacity.
wet season. Therefore, flood risk will be
Flood often caused damage to reduced.
the canal blocking structures, by However, this concept lowers
eroding the soil from the sides. the crest elevation, and to
maintain the water level during
dry season, schotbalk will be
required.
5.4 IMPLEMENTATION
Detailed Engineering Design (DED) analyzed the result of Canal Blocking Plan,
where further survey was conducted to acquire primary data for dimension
calculations. Description of Detailed Engineering Design is presented as
follows:

DETAILED ENGINEERING DESIGN FINAL REPORT
1. Primary data survey.

KHG SUNGAI KAHAYAN
PENIMPAHAN AND SUNGAI
– SUNGAI SEBANGAU
November 2nd - November 11th February 1st -
2017 (10 days) February 20th 2018
(20 days)
2. Data analysis to get specific design of canal block.
3. Based on the Contract, the amount of DED for Musi Banyuasin and Pulang
Pisau is 720 units. Therefore, we selected 20 locations in Musi Banyuasi
and 700 locations in Pulang Pisau for DED.

CHAPTER VI. FREE, PRIOR AND INFORMED
CONSENT (FPIC)
6.1 PRODUCT
The products of FPIC activity are:
1. Recommendations of the potential villages for Canal Blocking Design
2. Approval Consent and Rejection from village level stakeholders.
6.2 DATA SOURCE
Those products are mainly acquired from series of local approaches, FGD
(Forum Group Discussion) held in Sub-District level and Village level.
6.3 CHALLENGES
During the project, there are challenges that had to be overcome. Under close
coordination with MCA-I, BRG and the Consultant’s field teams, those
challenges were managed. Some challenges and the mitigation actions are
described in Table VI-1 below.
Table VI-1. Challenges and Mitigations

1. The challenges mostly come Community behavior distantly
from the local stakeholders. varies between one location
and another. Therefore,
Some administration officers different community might be
didn’t play role as approached with different
administrator. They carried social approach.
different interests. Field team should study this
local characteristic prior to
official activities and make
necessary adjustment to
achieve the consent.

FREE, PRIOR AND INFORMED CONSENT (FPIC) FINAL REPORT

2. Local stakeholders required that Requirements are
local labors can participate accommodated in the meeting
during the implementation of notes.
Canal Blocking Construction These notes recommended the
Canal Blocking Design that can
incorporate local labors.
3. Local stakeholders requested Requirements are
maintenance cost for the Canal accommodated in the meeting
Blocking Operation notes.

CHAPTER VII.WATER TABLE MONITORING
PILOT PROGRAM
7.1 PRODUCT
The products of Water Table Monitoring Pilot Program activity are:
1. 3 (three) remote devices of Water Table Monitoring System
Each remote device is comprised of 6 sensors:
1. Water Table
2. Rain Gauge
3. Temperature
4. Methane
5. Soil Moisture
6. Wind Direction
The transmission of each device differs from one another, namely:
a. Offline. The data are transferred through Wi-Fi signal to Android

smartphone.
b. Radio. The data are transmitted through Radio Frequency signal to

another device.
c. GSM. The data are transmitted through GSM connections to the server,
together with data received from the other device through Radio
Frequency.
2. Knowledge transfer in National Level and Provincial Level
Knowledge transfer of the Water Table Monitoring System was held in

Jambi, 8-9 March 2018. The attendees were representing (1) BRG
(National Level); (2) Millennium Challenge Account-Indonesia, MCA-I
(National Level); (3) Local Peatland Restoration Team (Tim Restorasi
Gambut Daerah, TRGD); (4) Provincial Planning Agency (Bappeda,

WATER TABLE MONITORING PILOT PROGRAM FINAL REPORT
Provincial Level); (5) Department of Environmental and Forestry (Dinas

Lingkungan Hidup, DLH, Provincial Level); (6) Jambi University
(Academician); and (7) Non-Governmental Organization.
7.2 DATA SOURCE
In order to produce those products, the data sources are:
1. Coordinate points from BRG. BRG already has planning for Water Table
Monitoring Devices across peatland in Indonesia. Every new water table
monitoring device should refer to the stipulated coordinates.
2. Importing guidelines for electrical goods.
3. Updated knowledge of free and secure webhosting.
7.3 CHALLENGES
managed. Some challenges and the mitigation actions are described in Table
VII-1 below.
Table VII-1. Challenges and Mitigations

1. Shortened time-limit Most of the sensors are produced
available for importing abroad and need to be imported.
electrical goods. However, soil humidity sensors are
available locally.
Microcontrollers were designed and
built using local resources.
Frames were built using local
resources.


2. Open-source free Devices are set to transmit the data to
webhosting servers are BRG server, using BRG WLMS server
available. protocol (https://wlms.brg.go.id/).
However, BRG Secure Communication is utilized,
requested a system that minimizing the unauthorized access to
can transmit the data to the server.
BRG server, to ensure
data security.
BRG server, on the
other hand, is new and
doesn’t have supportive
applications installed.
Network protocols also
haven’t been set.
7.4 IMPLEMENTATION
The installation location of Water Table Monitoring Devices must follow BRG
direction. This direction is also listed in the group of coordinates in Jambi
Province and Central Kalimantan. Based on the recommendation of
representatives of TRGD Jambi, TRGD Central Kalimantan, and Universitas
Jambi, the installation locations had to consider the security aspect and
maintenance aspect. Best practices were discussed, to minimize disturbances
against insects, rodents, and also against theft as well.
Preference to provide cross check with existing Water Table Monitoring

Devices was also considered.
Therefore, the location was determined based on criteria:
1. BRG point alternatives were set as first criteria.

2. Narrowed down with the criteria nearest point to the existing monitoring
devices.
3. Those alternatives then visited and assessed based on the parameter of
security & maintenance aspect.
4. The agreed alternative then was chosen for installation.

Installation in Jambi Province was conducted by following the criteria.

However, the BRG point alternatives fell on a wet swamp with water elevation
around 0-20cm above ground.
Figure VII-1. Location of Alternative Point at BRG Points
The locations happened to be having lower elevation compared to the

surrounding, and therefore tends to be flooded more frequent. On flood
condition, water level reading will show negative values since the ground level
is set as the zero reference.
Moreover, the location was quite remote from the nearest road and local
residences. This condition might lead to lack of surveillance against theft and
vandalism.
Therefore, team discussed with Mr. Asmadi Sa’ad, academician from

Universitas Jambi, and we were advised to install the devices near land owned
by local personnel, Mr. Udin & Mr. Syamsuri. These people are willing to help
in securing the area and the maintenance activities also. Moreover, they are
currently conducted manual readings on some water table monitoring pipes.

Figure VII-2. Chosen Location for Radio Device

Figure VII-3. Chosen Location for GSM Device
The installation at Pulang Pisau encountered similar condition. The nearest

existing monitoring device is TS11 & TS12. However, the nearest BRG points
are wet swamp. Then, the next nearest point was selected, as close as we could
to the nearest BRG points.
The locations are displayed in coordinates as follows.
Table VII-2. Installation Points in Jambi
NO LATITUDE LONGITUDE ID REMARK

1. -1.2448895387 103.5876352123 MEN-18a Mr. Udin
2. -1.2542168217 103.5590365103 MEN- Mr. Syamsuri
18b
3. -1.237745 103.582833 MEN-18 Nearest BRG
Point
4. -1.238475 103.589967 TS19 Existing Device
Table VII-3. Installation Points in Pulang Pisau

1. -2.2586985629 113.9921003469 SAB-01 BRG Point


2. -2.3211260000 114.05662700000 TS11 Existing Device
3. -2.2586985666 113.9921003495 SAB-01a Installation
Figure VII-4. Monitoring Points in Jambi
Figure VII-5. Monitoring Points in Central Kalimantan

CHAPTER VIII. CONCLUSION
8.1 FUTURE IMPLEMENTATION
8.1.1 Peatland Restoration
This project produces Detailed Engineering Design for Canal Blocking

Structures, that is applied in KHG Sungai Bentayan-Sungai Penimpahan, KHG
Sungai Penimpahan-Sungai Air Hitam and KHG Sungai Kahayan-Sungai
Sebangau. It also produces 3 (three) units of Water Table Monitoring devices.
There are 3 (three) main approaches in Peatland Restoration Programs,

namely: (1) Rewetting; (2) Revegetation; and (3) Rehabilitation. Therefore,
considering the mentioned deliverables, this project plays role in the
“Rewetting” approach of the Peatland Restoration Program.
The process implemented by MCA-I had already run in the track to produce
proper Detailed Engineering Design for the Canal Blocking Plan. Activities
were monitored by milestones, each one is closed by deliverable. This
deliverable is required, as a requirement to proceed to the next step.
In further implementation, it is advised to closely examine the spatial data with

BRG prior to field visit and make clear interpretation on the spatial data
attributes and the regulations as well.
Synchronization with BRG restoration program is essential, since the canal

blocking type depends on the land cover functions and BRG plan to the area.
For example, one area is currently developed as cultivation block managed by
local community. Based on BRG roadmap, the area is classified as conservation,
and should be restored back to conservation forest. Would there be a
transition period and how long will the transition period be, will definitely
create a big difference in designing canal blocking type and dimension.

CONCLUSION FINAL REPORT
Figure VIII-1. Illustration of Canal Blocking in Non-Conservation Land
Peatland Restoration might impact the livelihood of the local inhabitants.

Canals are used for main transportation, since roads are not able to be
constructed in the area due to low geotechnical carrying capacity of peat soil.
Figure VIII-2. Illustration of Boat Passing Through Canal Blocking

Restoring the ecosystem function of the canal with backfilling might drastically
change the daily behavior of local inhabitants. However, when the land was
stipulated to be conservation area, especially when the peat thickness is ≥ 3m,
the area sooner or later should be restored back to conservation. In this case,
social approach should come first, bridging the demand of social welfare and
conservation interest.
8.1.2 Water Table Monitoring System
Referring to Technical Guidelines of Peatland Water Table Monitoring

with Telemetry (Panduan Teknis Pemantauan Tinggi Muka Air Lahan Gambut,
BRG, 2007), a Water Table Monitoring Device is comprised of the sensors as
follows:
1. Water Table
2. Soil Moisture
3. Rain Gauge
4. Air Temperature and Humidity
5. Wind speed and bearing
The devices we built already follows the guidance, equipped by Methane

Sensor as well. The devices are also powered by 2x20W solar cell, equipped
with compatible batteries. Data transmission uses GSM, Radio and Wi-Fi.
Direct data retrieval can be done with Android Smartphone.
Data transmissions are directed to BRG server. BRG server has not been
equipped with fully-working Data Center, but it can be configured to be able to
receive data transmissions from devices.
Further development in Water Table Monitoring Devices are suggested to be:
A. Developing Dashboard System in BRG Server
Having this Dashboard, we can have an overview of each device’s

environmental parameter, and share the view to BRG officials, as well as
TRGD officials at provincial level.
System alert can be implemented into this Dashboard too. The alert is
essential for TRGD and local officers to address forest fire as soon as
possible, which allows them to reach the location and take actions before
forest fire spreads.
B. Data Extraction of Existing Monitoring Devices
Some other organizations had also implemented monitoring devices in

peatland areas, such as WWF, SESAME, etc. These devices should also be
reprogrammed to transmit the data to BRG server.
The implementation of this purpose might meet restrictions from the

organization responsible for each device. Therefore, a Government
Regulation will also be required.
C. Expansion of Monitoring Area
As stated in Government Regulation No. 57 Year 2016 (GR 57/2016), for

every 15% of cultivation blocks within peatland area, one water table
monitoring device should be installed. The GR 57/2016 also says that
private companies also should report to government officials about the
readings for every 1 to 3-month time, periodically.
Considering the regulation above, monitoring area should be expanded,

which means more devices will be required. The procurement can be held
by private companies for the peatland areas within their concessions. For
areas outside concession areas, then Government should conduct the
procurement.
8.2 IMPORTANT POINTS
There are some important points developed during this Project. We expect
these points may be considered to furtherly studied and developed in order to
support the Peatland Restoration efforts.

A. Canal Blocking Dimension
Canal blocking dimension of each structure was calculated based in the

canal’s bank-full capacity. Therefore, when the canal has to convey a
certain capacity that would normally not overflows the dike, when canal
blocking installed it still can flow normally without overflows the dike.
B. Use of Georadar to Survey Peat Thickness
We had utilized the georadar survey to retrieve peat thickness along a

survey line. This method is faster than creating dense auger holes
currently assumed to be the only way to deploy peat thickness map
survey.
We expect that this method can be used to create peatland thickness map
in other areas and furthermore make significant boost to Peatland
Restoration Program.
C. Use of Methane Sensor in Remote Devices
The use of methane sensor is expected to be able to give early warning on

methane concentration sudden increase, since this condition might lead to
forest fire. Having the methane sensor installed, the system can alert the
local Peatland Restoration Team to visit the area and prevent forest fire
from spreading.
D. Use of Android Smartphone in Communicating with Remote Device
The development of Android Smartphone had expanded into engineering

purposes. Therefore, having the devices capable to communicate with
Android smartphones may significantly simplify the download process,
especially when GSM signal disruption occurred.
8.3 LESSONS LEARNED
Peatland are well-known for its soft texture and having less or no shear
strength to support man-made structure like roads, buildings etc. The footing

design for Water Table Monitoring Device might consider adaptation to this
soil characteristic, providing adequate support to the equipment’s weight with
less cost. Another potential problem is if the devices are to be installed in area
invested by monkeys. Monkeys have the ability to climb the mast and may
damage the sensors installed.
The soil condition also reduces the accessibility to canal area. Some peatland
areas are only accessible by boat. This condition should be considered when
designing the timeline for survey.
Locations of remote devices should be set prior to the contract, to allow the
installation of remote devices in timely manner.
And it is important to provide a necessary team arrangement. Based on our

experience, a survey team should be accompanied with FPIC personnel. FPIC
personnel play very important role in conducting social approach and
preparing a conducive situation before technical survey team arrive in field.


Final Report R4-Markingfree - Rev

Transféré par

Informations du document

Titre original

Copyright

Formats disponibles

Partager ce document

Partager ou intégrer le document

Options de partage

Avez-vous trouvé ce document utile ?

Ce contenu est-il inapproprié ?

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

Final Report R4-Markingfree - Rev

Transféré par

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

INDONESIA’S PEATLAND RESTORATION

AGENCY (BADAN RESTORASI GAMBUT, BRG)

TITLE OF DOCUMENT NUMBER OF DOCUMENT REVISION PAGE

FINAL PROJECT REPORT

PT. LAPI GANESHATAMA Consulting Indonesia in Joint Venture

Rev Date Description By Checked Approved

R0 21 March 2018 Issued for Review and Comments HD HM YS

IFA = Issued for Approval

By mentioning the name of Allah SWT, Most Gracious, Most Merciful,

Through Contract No. GP-B-057, Consortium of PT. LAPI

This FINAL REPORT is submitted to fulfill the deliverable No.7, of the

This report shall give summarized result of each activities involved in

On behalf of the Consortium,

PT. LAPI GANESHATAMA CONSULTING IN JOINT VENTURE WITH PT. page-i

Chapter II. Overall Summary.......................................................................................................................6

Chapter III. Peatland Mapping and Inventory...........................................................................10

Chapter IV. Canal Blocking Plan..............................................................................................................14

PT. LAPI GANESHATAMA CONSULTING IN JOINT VENTURE WITH PT. page-ii

4.4.2 Analysis and Result ....................................................................................16

Chapter V. Detailed Engineering Design .......................................................................................17

Chapter VI. Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC)........................................................20

Chapter VII. Water Table Monitoring Pilot Program ............................................................22

Chapter VIII. Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................29

PT. LAPI GANESHATAMA CONSULTING IN JOINT VENTURE WITH PT. page-iii

Figure II-1. Interrelationships between Activities....................................................... 7

PT. LAPI GANESHATAMA CONSULTING IN JOINT VENTURE WITH PT. page-iv

Table III-1. Challenges and Mitigations..........................................................................11

PT. LAPI GANESHATAMA CONSULTING IN JOINT VENTURE WITH PT. page-v

Green Prosperity Project (GP Project) is one largest component of official

GP Project seeks to address critical constraints to economic growth while

MCA-Indonesia seeks to expand the reach of its support for peatland

The technical assistance requirements include:

a. Development and pilot implementation of a water table monitoring

PT. LAPI GANESHATAMA CONSULTING IN JOINT VENTURE WITH PT. page-1

In order to reach those goals, Millennium Challenge Account – Indonesia

In response to the RFP, PT. LAPI GANESHATAMA Consulting, PT. BINATAMA

The objectives of this project are:

1. Planning and Designing the Water Table Monitoring Pilot Program.

2. Documenting and Implementing the Monitoring Pilot Project Procedures.

3. Transferring knowledges to BRG staff.

4. Peatland Mapping & Inventory of KHG Sungai Bentayan-Sungai

5. Producing Canal Blocking Plans in KHG Sungai Bentayan-Sungai

6. Producing Detailed Engineering Design in KHG Sungai Bentayan-Sungai

PT. LAPI GANESHATAMA CONSULTING IN JOINT VENTURE WITH PT. page-2

1.3 REPORT SYSTEMATICS

This report is arranged based on the following systematics.

Chapter II. Overall Summary

Chapter III. Peatland Mapping and Inventory

Chapter IV. Canal Blocking Plan

Chapter V. Detailed Engineering Design

Chapter VI. Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC)

Chapter VII. Water Table Monitoring Pilot Program

PT. LAPI GANESHATAMA CONSULTING IN JOINT VENTURE WITH PT. page-3

Chapter VIII. Conclusion

1.4 PROBLEMS AROSE

During the commencement of the Contract, some challenging conditions were

Although those problems contributed to the delays of timeline fulfillment of

1.4.1 Change in Scope of Work

Right after the Contract Signing, we immediately coordinated with BRG to

To overcome this situation, new areas were immediately examined based on

PT. LAPI GANESHATAMA CONSULTING IN JOINT VENTURE WITH PT. page-4

1.4.2 Devices Procurement

In the activity of Water Table Monitoring Pilot Program, Consultant are