SAVITRIBAI PHULE PUNE UNIVERSITY

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

With all respect and gratitude, We would like to thank all paper who
helped me directly or indirectly for this Project.
First and most we would like to take privilege to express our sincere
gratitude towards our project guide Dr.ABHIJIT V. NAIK to complete this
project work on “SLUICE VALVE AUTOMATION”. His ideas, direction
gave us moral boost up to complete this project. We express our heartely
gratitude towards Head of Department of Mechanical Engg. Dr. for his
support in developing this project work & giving valuable guidance.

We take this opportunity to thank all our professors who were always
give us support and encourage us.

We would like to mention our sincere gratitude to our family and friends for
encouraging us to take such a challenging topic and helping us.

Mr. ALOK K. SHELAR

Mr. AKSHAY G. BHALGHARE
Mr. DATTATRAY V. SHELKE
Mr. VITTHAL P. KARCHE

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INDEX

Sr.No. Contents Page No.

I. List Of The Figures 1

II. List Of The Tables 2

III. Abstract 3

1. Introduction 4

2. Literature Review 6

3. 3.1Growth of vehicle in India 8

3.2 Problem Of Energy Sources
3.3 Problem Of Air Pollution

4. Methods to control Emission 9

4.1 Use of permanent Magnets

5. Chemical properties of Hydrogen fuel 10

6. Magnetic Fuel Conditioner 11

7. Magnetization & Ionization of fuel 12

8. What is actually happens in magnetization of fuel 14

9. Preparation of Magnetic fuel 15

10. Magnetization in opposite polarities 17

11. Installation 19

12. Magnet and Magnetic Strength 22

13. Test Result 23

14. Advantages 24
Disadvantages
15. Conclusion 25

Reference 26

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I. LIST OF THE FIGURES

FIGURE NO. TITLE PAGE

NO.

01.

02.

03.

04

05

06

07

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II. LIST OF THE TABLES

Sr NO. TITLE PAGE

NO.

1.

2.

3.

4.

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ABSTRACT

The main concept of the proposed system is closing and opening of sluice
valve with less human effort. The core of project is the worm and worm gear
arrangement. The main objective of model is opening and closing of water
mains sluice valve. In the model the primary worm is in mesh with worm
wheel .The worm wheel is centrally aligned with sluice valve key. The
power is given to worm and further worm to worm wheel. Since sluice valve
key is connected to worm shaft, it will rotate clockwise and anticlockwise
according to operator requirement.
for Smart city water supply control system in which the process is going to
be controlled by remotely. This system can be actually implemented in any
developing smart city for better improvement of water supply, as the whole
process can be controlled locally our personal SCADA system.
Also Hi-tech on smart cities may use this technique for efficient working.

Keypoint : Opening and closing of sluice valve, Worm and Worm Gear
Arrangement, Less Human Effort by Automation.

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1. INTRODUCTION

The main objective of the model is opening and closing of water mains sluice valve. In
the model, the primary worm is in mesh with worm wheel. The worm is centrally aligned
with sluice valve. The power is given to worm andfurther worm to worm wheel. The
main concept of the proposed system is opening and closing valve sluice valve without
human effort. The heart of the project is implementation is worm and worm gear. The
components used for efficient function of individual blocks are motor, worm and worm
gear, sluice valve. The main object of model is to open and close the sluice valve. The
principal of model is the usage of stepper motor to transmit relative motion from worm to
worm gear. In the model the worm and worm gear connected to motor shaft which has
rotational motion due to motor if we push the corresponding switch for anticlockwise
rotation which helps to opening the valve or else if we push the corresponding switch for
clockwise rotation the given polarity will be charged oppositely and it helps closing the
valve. The electric power can be given by the battery.
ATMEGA 328 microcontroller, which acts as a processor for the arduino board. Nearly it
consists of 28 pins. From these 28 pins, the inputs can be controlled by transmitting and
receiving the inputs to the external device. It also consists of pulse width modulation
(PWM). These PWM are used to transmit the entire signal in a pulse modulation. Input
power supply such as Vcc and Gnd are used. These IC mainly consists of analog and
digital inputs. These analog and digital inputs are used for the process of certain
applications.

Worm and worm gear drives are used for transmitting power between two non-
intersecting and perpendicular axes shaft. The worm gear drive is used as compact
arrangement of high for high reduction ratio. The worm gear drive is used as compact
arrangement. for high reduction ratio. The worm which is generally the driving member
is a cylindrical form and resembles a trapezoidal or ACME threaded screw. the worm

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may be left hand or right hand and single start or multi start. The worm gear is similar to
that of helical gear except that the face is concave to overlap the worm.

A gate valve, also known as a sluice valve, is a valve which opens by lifting a round or
rectangular gate/wedge out of the path of the fluid. The distinct feature of a gate valve is
the sealing surfaces between the gate and seats are planar, so gate valves are often used
when a straight-line flow of fluid and minimum restriction is desired. The gate faces can
be parallel, but are most commonly wedge-shaped. Gate valves are primarily used to
permit or prevent the flow of liquids, but typical gate valves shouldn't be used for
regulating flow, unless they are specifically designed for that purpose. Because of their
ability to cut through liquids, gate valves are often used in the petroleum industry. For
extremely thick fluids, a specialty valve often known as a knife gate valve is used to cut
through the liquid. On opening the gate valve, the flow path is enlarged in a highly
nonlinear manner with respect to percent of opening. This means that flow rate does not
change evenly with stem travel. Also, a partially open gate tends to vibrate from the fluid
flow. Most of the flow change occurs near shutoff with a relatively high fluid velocity
causing gate and seat wear and eventual leakage if used to regulate flow. Typical gate
valves are designed to be fully opened or closed. When fully open, the typical gate valve
has no obstruction in the flow path, resulting in very low friction loss. A Stepper Motor or
a step motor is a brushless, synchronous motor which divides a full rotation into a
number of steps. Unlike a brushless DC motor which rotates continuously when a fixed
DC voltage is applied to it, a step motor rotates in discrete step angles. The Stepper
Motors therefore are manufactured with steps per revolution of 12, 24, 72, 144, 180, and
200, resulting in stepping angles of 30, 15, 5, 2.5, 2, and 1.8 degrees per step. The stepper
motor can be controlled with or without feedback.

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PROBLEM STATEMENT

To reduce human efforts in water supply system for smart cities by

using sluice valve automation with software control.

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2. LITERATURE REVIEW

1. Design and development of water mains key

Dr.P.A. Makasare, bhagat yogesh balasaheb. 12 dec 2016
The core of project is the worm and worm gear arrangement. In the model the
primary worm is in mesh with worm wheel .The worm wheel is centrally aligned with
sluice valve key. The power is given to worm and further worm to worm wheel. Hi-
tech on smart cities may use this technique for efficient working.

2. Smart city water supply control system

Shaikh mudassir nadeem, memon adil imtiyaz.01 april 2016
In this paper we have developed a Demo model of plc (programmable logic
controller) and scada (supervisory control and data acquisition) for Smart city water
supply control system in which the process is going to be controlled manually as well
as remotely. In this system we have used different components like motor, switches,
solenoid valve, sensors i.e. flow sensor, level sensors that can be controlled from
system and different values generated through this components are calculated and
saved in the SQL database. And by fetching the saved records from the database we
are going to display these values on an online portal of our system.

3. Design of M-type gate valve

Shashank s. Jadhav 11 nov 2014
The basic aim of this paper is to propose a design method that Can be used to find
the minimum required thickness for the Functioning of a valve. The m-type gate
valve design that is considered in this Paper is a high pressure valve that is used under
pressure of 5000 psi and tested under pressure of 7500 psi. And the cross section of
the inlet and outlet of the gate valve is also according to the company standards. Thus
the intent of the paper is to validate the design of M-Type gate valve and to calculate
the optimum thickness of the valve to function under high pressure.

4. Automatic conytrol strategies implemented on a water canal prototype

M. Ayala botto 2005
This paper presents a standard control Strategy based on pi controllers that was
Experimentally tested to control a modern automatic Irrigation canal prototype.

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These control modes are implemented through a plc Network installed on the
automatic canal which is Supervised by a scada software system (Supervisory control
and data acquisition).

5. ARDUINO ATMEGA-328 MICROCONTROLLER R. HARI SUDHAN1

M.GANESH KUMAR, A.UDHAYA PRAKASH ,S.ANUROOPADEVI ,
P.SATHIYA -4 April 2015
Arduino ATMEGA-328 microcontroller has been programmed for various
applicationsVarious inputs and outputs are present in the arduino board and therefore
simultaneously 8 input and output ports can be used for various applications. Some of
the applications used by using arduino boards are rotating general motor, stepper
motor, control valve open. Arduino software is installed in the computer and so that
we can edit and upload the program according to the applications. Mainly these
arduino software supports c and c++ programming languages.

6. FRAMEWORK FOR A SMART WATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN

THE CONTEXT OF SMART CITY INITIATIVES IN INDIA
Mohammed Shahanas.Ka,*, Dr.Bagavathi Sivakumar P.b
The Internet, invention of the century, has completely revolutionized the world and
brought people closer to each other than ever before. The advancement in
technologies of computing, communication brings the next generation of Internet,
Internet of Things. As the population and urbanization increases, the cities have to
transform to Smart Cities which can be achieved with the help of Internet of Things.
Water is one of the vital resource for existence of human life and so Smart water
management system has a key role in smart city.

OBJECTIVE

1. The main objective of the system is to opening and closing of the

sluice valve automatically.
2. To reduce human efforts in water supply system.

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3. To minimize the wastage of water.

4. Effective utilization of time with automation.
5. Improving water supply system for smart cities with better control.
6. Better use of Web-Portal system.

Working setup

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Worm Gear

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The worm
(screw)
continuously rotates and drives the worm wheel (meshed with it). Worm and worm gear
form a lower pair as they have sliding contact with each other. In a worm gear drive,
power is always transmitted from worm to worm wheel. Power cannot be transmitted
from worm wheel to worm. This phenomenon is called self-locking. It is highly useful in
many applications.Velocity ratio is determined by the number of teeth on worm gear and
the number starts on worm. Power transmission decreases with increase in velocity ratio.

Gate Valve

When handle wheel will be rotated in clockwise

direction, steam and gate will move in downward
direction across the fluid flow line and gate will
be tightly located between the two seats. Hence
there will not be any leakage of fluid through the
valve once valve is closed completely.When
handle wheel will be rotated in anti-clockwise
direction, steam and gate will move in upward
direction across the fluid flow line and valve will
be opened from closed position and will permit
the flow of fluid through the gate valve. Once
gate valve is completely opened, it will permit no

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resistance or very little resistance to the flow of fluid.We can use gate valve in semi-open
condition also but there will be one issue of erosion of gate as fluid will strike the gate if
valve is partially open. Therefore
gate valve should be used in
completely closed or completely
open condition

ARDUINO Atmega 328

Microcontroller

The program to be executed for the

applications can be done by using
arduino software. From this arduino software, we can edit according to the applications.
This software can works on c and c++ programming language. It is fully a high level
language. By using the conditions of working, we can create a ISSN (Online) 2321-2004
ISSN (Print) 2321-5526 program to proceed for the applications. Then after, these
programs can be uploaded through the arduino microcontroller by using the power jack
cable. The program can be uploaded to the microcontroller and ready for further process.
ATMEGA-328 microcontroller can saves a program and these IC can acts as a processor
to do the process without any error. After by giving an analog or digital input to the
system, we can do the process according to the applications.

 Driver Circuit
It is an electronic component used to control another circuit or component

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