Biology Ms.

Coder
Name: ___________________________ Hour: ______________
Biology
Unit 2 Test
HS-LS3-2

(2 points each) True or False. (True = A; False = B) If the statement is false, correct the underlined portion of the statement to make it true.

1. Individuals must show a trait in order for it to appear in their offspring.

2. The central dogma of Biology states that information flows from DNA to RNA to proteins.

3. In incomplete dominance, two dominant genes are expressed separately at the same time.

(2 points each) Multiple Choice. Choose the best answer to the questions below.

4. During transcription, _____________________

a. Proteins are synthesized or created c. mRNA is made
b. DNA is replicated or copied d. Translation occurs

5. There are ______ chromosomes shown in a normal human karyotype.

a. 2 c. 23
b. 44 d. 46

6. The principles of probability can be used to ___________________.

a. predict the traits of the offspring of genetic crosses
b. determine the actual outcomes of genetic crosses
c. determine which species should be used in genetic crosses
d. decide which organisms are best to use in genetic crosses

7. In the Punnett square to the right, the letters R and r represent ______________.
a. Chromosomes c. Genes/alleles
b. Individuals d. sex cells

8. The environment can affect genetic traits. The following evidence supports this claim:
a. Oak trees get taller as they grow. c. Hydrangea flower color varies with soil pH.
b. Red and white horses have roan offspring. d. Dandelion plants are self-pollinating.

9. In order for there to be a change in the proteins our bodies produce, there must first be a mutation in
the _______________.
a. DNA c. tRNA
b. Protein d. mRNA
Biology Ms. Coder

Claim (2)-Evidence (3)-Reasoning (3). (plus two points for attempting all three)

10. On April 26, 1986, the world's worst nuclear accident happened at the
Chernobyl. An explosion and fire in one of the reactors caused the entire area to
be covered with radiation. Silvia and her husband Abram were home at the time of
the explosion, but soon evacuated to Michigan, U.S.A. Nothing appeared to be
wrong with them physically. After living in Michigan for several years, Silvia and
Abram had a daughter who was born with a genetic mutation which caused her to
have a cleft palate. Based on this information, explain what caused Silvia and
Abram’s daughter to be born with a cleft pallet.

11. Dwarfism is a disorder of bone growth. There is a specific type of

dwarfism caused by a point mutation in the FGFR3 gene. All people who
have only a single copy of the normal gene and a single copy of the
mutated gene have achondroplasia. Most people who have this specific type
of dwarfism have average-size parents.
Make a claim to explain why a mutation in a gene would affect bone
growth and how this is passed down from parent to offspring even
though the parents are average-sized. (hint: what would a change in a
gene cause in the bigger picture?)
Biology Ms. Coder

12. In the following situation,

Please note that brown hair is a dominant trait and blue eyes are a recessive trait.
B = brown hair, b = blonde hair; E = brown eyes, e = blue eyes.

The Robertson family is made up of Amy

(mother), John (father), Deonte (son), and Eric
(son).

 Amy has brown hair and brown eyes

(BbEe).
 John has brown hair and brown eyes
(BbEe).
 Deonte has blonde hair and blue eyes (bbee).
 Eric has brown hair and brown eyes (BBEE)
Drawn above are the body cells for Amy, John, Deonte, and Eric. How is it possible that Eric looks so much
like his parents yet Deonte does not? (Hint: Try drawing Meiosis (you must replicate first) for Amy and John. Is it
possible to make Deonte’s genotype? What would have to happen?).

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