PAPER

FINAL ASSIGNMENT “TAHAP PERSIAPAN BERSAMA(TPB)”

CLEAN WATER AND SANITATION

BY :

NAME : YUSRIL SUBHANUDDIN

NPM : 270110270061
FACULTY OF GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING

PADJAJARAN UNIVERSITY

2017/2018
 PREFACE

Firstly, the writer wants to deliver his great thanks to God for His bless and kindness. It’s
His endless and continuous kindness that make him possible to complete his assignment in
order to fulfill the requirement of final assignment of “Tahap Persiapan Bersama(TPB)”,
Padjajaran University.

The writer also want to express his sincere thank to all of individual who has given the
contribution for the writer.

Finally, this final assignment is presented to faculty of geological engineering of

padjajaran university. The writer hopes this assignment can help the reader.

Bandung, Desember 22nd, 2017

The Writer,

Yusril Subhanuddin
 TABLE OF CONTENS

PREFACE

TABLE OF CONTENS

BAB I INTRODUCTION

A. Issue Background

B. Problem Formulation

C. Purpose

BAB II DISCUSSION

A. Discussion

BAB III FINAL

A. Conclussion

B. Advice

REFERENCES
 BAB I

INTRODUCTION

A. Issue Background

Water is a vital element in human life. Human can not survive their life without
water, based on it water is one of life's support for human being. The availability
of water in the world is so abundant, however human can consume water for drinking
water is slightly. Total amount of water available, only five percent is available as
drinking water, while the rest is sea water. In addition, the current trend is availability
of clean water from day to day is decreasing .

Indonesia is one of the countries rich in water resources ehre water availability
reached 15,500 cubic meters per capita per year, that is was far less above the average
availability of water in the world 8,000 cubic meters per year. While that in the case,
Indonesia is still have problem about scarcity of clean water. Bout 119 million
indonesian people do not have access for clean water. The condition of it, was ironic,
considering that indonesia are part 10 countries rich source of water. Reportedly by
“Kelompok Kerja Air Minum dan Penyehatan Lingkungan Indonesia”, availability of
water in Java Island 1,750 cubic meters per capita per year at 2000, and will decrease
until 1,200 cubic meters per capita per year at 2020. While standard sufficiency at
least 2,000.

The obstacles indonesian people now are the poor management of water
resources resulting in uneven distribution of water. This might impact on a poor
ability to enjoy the services of clean water. In fact, the poor have no access to clean
water. Even, the poor have to pay is more expensive in order to obtain the water.

B. Problem Formulation

How does we do to explain and resolve the problem of sources of clean water in
Indonesia?

C. Purpose
 The purpose of this paper is to tell the readers about condition of clean water in
Indonesia and to tell the readers how to resolve the problem of clean water.
 BAB II

DISCUSSION

A. Discussion

In “UU RI No.7 Tahun 2004 dan Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 907
Tahun 2002”, mentioned some description relating to water , includes: water
resources water , and water potentials contained ,water is all types of water found in
above or under the land surface , including surface water .Clean water is used for the
purpose of daily activity, qualified health quality and drinkable when drinking water
has been cooked drinking is water that ever passed management process or without
management process which fulfills the requirements can be directly to drink water
health and the surface is all types of water found on the surface of land .Groundwater
is water that is found in land strata or rock sediments under the land surface .A source
of water catchments or basins of water is natural and / or artificial that is added to its ,
above , or under the land surface .

Based on WHO data (2000), it is estimated that there are more 2 billion people
per day have been affected by a lack of clean water in more than 40 countries in the
world. 1.1 billion people can not find sufficient water and 2.4 billion do not yet
sanitation worthy of. While in 2050 predicted that 1 of 4 people will hit from lack of
clean water (Gardner-Outlaw and Engelman, 1997 in UN book, 2003).

In Indonesia and total population more than 200 million, the clean water supply
becoming more urgent. Water consumption is expected to continue to rise until 15-35
percent per capita per year. While clean water supplies tend to slowdown (decrease)
reduce the consuquences of natural devastation and pollution.

About 119 million indonesian people do not have access to clean water.
Indonesians have access to clean water for daily needs, was only 20 percent of total
population. It is access the dominant urban. That means there are still 82 percent of
indonesia forced to use of water in health. Access to the percentage of rural areas of
sumver water in Indonesia lower than some neighboring like Malaysia. In
Malaysia,the access of water resources in rural reached 94 percent. In country rich
this water resources, the rural access to clean water touch only the level of 69 percent,
lower than Vietnam who has achieved 72 percent.
 At the end of PJP II (2019) predicted the number of urban dwellers reached 150.2
million people, with as much as 125 liters per capita consumption, so that high
demand for water reached 18.775 billion per day. According t the indonesian institute
of science, high demand for water untum industry will jumped as much as 700% in
end of 2025. For housing up, the average is 65% and for food production up 100%. In
2000, for other purpose of java needed at least 83.378 billion cubic meters clean
water.

In urban areas such as Jakarta, still many people do not obtain a clean water.
Given the Jakarta has 13 river, located in lowland and bordered by the java sea. Along
with growth the citizens who is very fast, is nearly 9 million people, then clean water
supply has been a problem complex. Assuming the level of comsumption of
maximum 175 liter per person, needed 1.5 million cubic meter of water in one day.
Neraca Lingkungan Hidup Daerah Provinsi DKI Jakarta tahun 2003 show.
Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) estimated that new capable of supply about
52.13 percent clean water for citizens (Kompas, 20 Juny 2005).

In order to provide clean water network in rurals areas, people should also be
encouraged to be more independent. The goverment only act as the best standard,
facilitators untum accomodate aspirasu related to the residents of water service and
improve the quality of public services. It is time thought for provide the services
based on community groups with clean water and sanitation.

Water crisis prolonged cause repercussions bad in everything. In trouble water

shortages, countries who needed water in large amounts to a field irrigation, domestic
and industrial. Water is fundamental human needs, without water neighborhood is dry
and mankind would die. There are some cause problems this water crisis, one of the
failure of some countries to regulate, manage, and preserve the water, it is also the
population growth rate increasing. As an example, the population china reached 1.2
billion will amount to 1.5 billion in 2030. means demand water will be raised by more
than 66 percent during the period. In addition, the use of groundwater infinite also
drew water crisis. During this time, human being have been making use of water as
one and only “thing” creation that can not be replaced by the other objects. But to the
provision of clean water has been devoted. You can imagine if the whole of mankind
in all the earth that has continued to consume water without there are who are
concerned for the preservation of resources.
 BAB III

FINAL

A. Conclusion

Water is a vital element in human life. The availability of water in the world is so
abundant, however human can consume water for drinking water is slightly. Total
amount of water available, only five percent is available as drinking water, while the
rest is sea water. In addition, the current trend is availability of clean water from day
to day is decreasing . So, clean water supply is reduced. Potential surface water in
Indonesia own approximately 1,789 billion m3/year. About 119 million indonesians
do not have access to clean water (Suara Pembangunan, 23 March 2007). Indonesians
have access to clean water for daily activity needs, was only 20 percent of the total
indonesians.

The cause of the water crisis areamong others: human behavior less, increasing of
population and distribution of the people uneven, environmental damage, the
management of water is bad, global warming, budget insufficient, and poor
performance PAM company. Then, the clean water also promted significantly for the
community health are impact on the various kinds of disease and the impact of the
economic difficulties clean water obtained especially for the poor.

B. Advice

Hopefully this paper can be reference for all parties to be more increase
knowledge of the current be signed by Indonesia. The writing of this paper can not be
separated from whose name the concept and a referrals have ben used as the writing
paper. It is expected to the reader can add their science or knowledge for people other
than this paper own.
 REFERENCES

Air dan Sanitasi untuk Kesehatan (Kompas 19 Maret 2008), 49

Elok Diah Messwati, ”Sanitasi Buruk Ancam Kehidupan” (Kompas, 19 Maret2008),

hal 45

Suara Pembaruan Daily, “Kerusakan Lingkungan Penyebab Utama Kekeringan”(14

Maret 2003) http://www.suarapembaruan.com

http://www.kompasonline.com