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2. (a) Purple
Chapter 1 Cell as a Unit of Life (b) Only a little of water around the
(b) Carbon + Water Sunlight
→ Glucose + Oxygen
dioxide Chlorophyll
purple crystal is purple.
(c) Chlorophyll
1.1 Understanding Cells (c) The purple color is light and not so
(d) Use iodine to test for the presence
uniformly spread all over the beaker.
1. (a) Eye piece of starch (Glucose is stored in the
(d) The purple color is darker and form of starch).
(b) Coarse focus knob
uniformly spread all over the
(c) Fine focus knob 2. (a) Starch is formed all over leaf A and
beaker.
(d) Objective lens only in the central part of leaf B.
(e) The water in beaker P is cooler
(e) Diaphragm (b) Photosynthesis took place throughout
than beaker Q.
(f) Mirror the whole of leaf A. Photosynthesis
(f) The higher the temperature, the took place at the centre of leaf B.
2. (a) 6 (c) 2 (e) 8 (g) 7
faster the rate of diffusion. (c) The presence of chlorophyll
(b) 5 (d) 4 (f) 3 (h) 1
3. (a) Hypertonic solution is one of the (d) Leaf B is a variegated leaf.
3. (a) Cell membrane
two solutions that has a higher
(b) Cytoplasm
concentration of a solute. 3. (a) A : Photosynthesis, as carbon dioxide
(c) Nucleus in the air is taken in by plants while
(b) Hypotonic solution is one of the
(d) Vacuole oxygen is released into the air.
two solutions that has a lower
(e) Cell membrane B : Respiration, where oxygen
concentration of a solute.
(f) Cell wall in the air is used and carbon
(c) Isotonic solution are two solutions
(g) Nucleus dioxide is released by plants,
that have the same concentration of
(h) Chloroplast animals and man.
a solute.
(i) Cytoplasm C : Decomposition, which uses
4. (a) roots (d) osmosis
4. (a) cell (d) membrane oxygen and releases carbon
(b) low (e) high
(b) protoplasm (e) processes dioxide. It occurs when plants,
(c) permeable
(c) nucleus animals and man die.
5. (a) (i) Usually smaller Enrichment Exercises D : Combustion, which is the
(ii) Usually bigger burning of fuels and it uses
Objective Questions oxygen from the air and releases
(b) (i) Irregular shape
carbon dioxide.
(ii) Regular shape 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. B
(c) (i) Absent (ii) Present 6. B 7. D 8. D 9. B 10. C (b) Respiration, decomposition and
(d) (i) Absent (ii) Present 11. A 12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B combustion all make use of oxygen
(e) (i) Usually absent from the air and release carbon
16. C
(ii) Present dioxide. Photosynthesis, however,
6. (a) B (d) A Subjective Questions uses up carbon dioxide from the air
(b) E (e) C and releases oxygen. Therefore,
1. (a) (i) Cell membrane photosynthesis helps to maintain
(c) D (f) F (ii) Nucleus the amount of oxygen and carbon
(iii) Cytoplasm dioxide in the air, thus maintaining a
Unicellular and Multicellular (b) P
1.2 balanced ecosystem.
Organisms (c) (i) Controls all cell activities
1. (a) (i) unicellular (ii) Contains genetic materials 2.2 Transport System in Plants
(ii) microorganisms (d) (i) Plant cells have chloroplasts
(b) multicellular but animal cells do not have. 1. (a) The plants lost a huge amount of
(c) (i) Multicellular (ii) unicellular (ii) Plant cells have cell walls but water.
animal cells do not have. (b) Provide the plants with plenty of
2. Unicellular organisms: water.
Bacteria, yeast, Pleurococcus, 2. (a) (i) Cell Y
Paramecium, Euglena (ii) Cell X 2. (a) The liquid changes the color of the
Multicellular organisms: (b) (i) The concentrated salt solution blue cobalt paper red.
Earthworm, Hydra, Spirogyra, Mucor, caused water to leave the (b) Water evaporated from the leaves in
cell by osmosis. The cell set P. There is no leaves in set Q.
moss
lost pressure and its plasma (c) (i) Transpiration
3. (a) Pleurococcus (ii) • To lift water and minerals
(b) Yeast membrane shrank from its cell
from the roots to the leaves
(c) Chlamydomonas wall.
• To cool the plant
(d) Euglena (ii) By placing it in distilled water
3. (a) (i) Stomata
4. (a) Spirogyra (ii) Guard cell
(b) Hydra Chapter 2 Plants (b) To control the size of the stomata
(c) Mucor (c) When a plant contains plenty of
water, the pressure inside the guard
2.1 Photosynthesis
1.3 Diffusion and Osmosis in Cells cells rises and the stomata will
1. (a) Photosynthesis is the process by open. However, when guard cells
1. (a) True (d) True which green plants make starch lose water, the pressure inside the
(b) False (e) False using carbon dioxide and water with guard cells falls and the stomata
(c) False (f) True the help of sunlight and chlorophyll. will close.