Political

learning record
 First learning record
Analysis and opinion:
Date: 5 January
From what I research, it shows that he lived
Question: in classical Athens, which is in Greek.
1. What is his full name? Therefore, his entire life could be influence
2. Where is his birthplace? from his hometown (Greek philosophy and
3. When did he born? ideologies).
4. What is his family background?
5. What period he lived? Reference:
Summary: (n.d.). Retrieved January 05, 2018, from
1. Aristocles http://www.iep.utm.edu/plato/#SH1a
2. Athens, Greece
3. 427-428 BC.
4. Plato came from one of the wealthiest
and most politically active families in
Athens. Plato's parents were Ariston
and Perictione. Plato also had two
older brothers, Glaucon and
Adeimantus, and a sister, Potone.
5. Ancient Greek
 Second learning record
Date: 8 January 2018 Analysis and opinion:
I think that he is one of the oldest
Question: philosophers who have the wrong
1. What do I already know about Plato? ideas that cannot be reality
2. What are some of Plato’s main ideas? nowadays. Also, he did not believe
3. What are Plato’s political ideas? in the democratic system, so
maybe he thinks that democracy
Summary: does not work to rule the majority
1. He is Greek philosopher people.
2. & 3.
● Should believe senses more than reasons (idealistic) Reference:
● He is perfectionist In-class
● Women equal rule modern city
● Society should divide into 3 groups - Producer Military Ruler
● King should be philosopher
● Noble line (everyone made up of different metals/divided what class they are)
● He has low views about democracy
 Third learning record
2.
Date: 12 January 2018 Aristotle believe in more
realistic way but Plato
Question: believe in perfectionism /
1. What are some of Aristotle’s political ideas? idealism
2. What are the differences between Plato’s and Aristotle’s ideas?
Analysis and opinion:
Summary:
I believe that the idea of
1. Aristotle is more
● Everyone should have private properties for their own reasonable and depends
● Avoid political extreme (self-interestedness / selfishness) on fact while Plato idea
● Compare to the part of body (nose - it might change the shape / unrecognizable) is more idealistic
● Aristotle was one of the oldest advocates for a strong middle class because he believes
● Aristotle balance all equality among society about politics and
● He believes that number of people who are in the middle class should more than society in his logic idea
all of the people in community, including high-class people and low-class people
● He told that it was unavoidable to have both groups in society and it was Reference:
unfavorable for the state to allow either the rich or the poor to rule Four important lessons from
● The strong middle class is essential for whole society so that they can Aristotle's The Politics. (2015,
compromise other two October 02). Retrieved
January 12, 2018, from
● Everyone should educate principle of society / political system http://classicalwisdom.com/le
ssons-the-politics/
 Fourth learning record
Date: 12 January 2018
Question:
What are the differences between Hobbes’ and Locke’s ideas?
Summary: Next slide
Analysis and Opinion:
From what I research, Hobbes and Locke have completely different ideas in political view. Hobbes
viewed the human nature in a pessimistic way while Locke believed that social contract could be
broken and the king can be overthrown. In addition, if monarch blocks the community’s progress, they
were allowed and justified to remove because citizens had rights to against the sitting king or queen
Reference:
(n.d.). Retrieved January 15, 2018, from https://jim.com/hobbes.htm
(n.d.). Retrieved January 15, 2018, from
https://www.edmodo.com/file/view-office-online?id=bcbf7f90d389882402865bdc5b114b2e
1.
2.
3.
Hobbes

The most popular work is Leviathan

He believes in absolute monarchy
“
If people live without any government control,
1.
Locke

The most popular work are Two Treatises of

Government and Essay Concerning Human
Understanding
the warfare will occur 2. He believes in limited monarchy
4. His idea shaped by the English Civil War 3. If people live without any government control,
5. King has supreme power / People do not have people would naturally work together in their
any right to rebel own position
6. “Solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, short” 4. Social contract between king and his subjects
has to be continuously scrutinized
5. His idea shaped by the political climate in
which he lived
6. “Generally good and wise”
 Fifth learning record
Date: 19 January 2018
Question:
1. Who is Rousseau?
2. What are his main ideas?
3. What is the state of nature like in his view?
4. What are his thoughts on history?
5. What impacts did his ideas have on history?
Summary:
1. He is an 18th-century philosopher who had influential in the revolutionary of France.
2. He tried to make humans have equality in society by writing social contract or principle of political
right. Also, he believed that natural of humans is once good, but the society has changed them.
3. The state of nature is when there are no any civilizations when people are satisfied their life,
loved their family, respect to nature, curious to each other, etc.
4. The native North American tribes seem as very rich and contact with luxury industry.
5. His ideas affect education on children in the romantic period.
Analysis and opinion:
I agree with his ideas since Rousseau is a political
philosopher that believed in the morality in nature of
humans. He also felt that people become more
self-loved without the state of nature. He thought
that government should not interrupt people’s lives
and provide education supports.

Reference:
W. (2016, November 28). "The Social Contract" by
Jean Jacques Rousseau. Retrieved January 19, 2018,
from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qsV3pZnDeXU
S. (2015, August 14). POLITICAL THEORY –
Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Retrieved January 19, 2018,
from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=81KfDXTTtXE

Date: 22 January 2018
Question:
1. Who is Machiavelli?
2. What is a good leader
like in Machiavelli’s point
of view?
3. Why does he think it is
impossible to be a good
person and a good ruler
at the same time?
4. What virtues does
Machiavelli believe that
leaders should have?
What are criminal
virtues?
SIXTH LEARNING RECORD
Answer:
1. Late 15th philosopher and
politician.
2. Dark and underhand, know
how to defend, enrich, and
bring honor to the state.
3. A leader needs to defense
state from external conflict
and manages reputation /
People should be peaceful
and be a good Christian.
4. Wisdom / Safety / Bravely /
Strategy / strength /
Ruthlessness
Necessary for a leader to be
cruel in the name of state
such as security of the state.
Analysis and opinion:
Machiavelli believed that it is
incompatible with a leader to have both
ethics and good ruler because we can
not be good at all things. Also, It is a
weakness as a leader to be good
because people who are nice will not be
successful in politics. They may be
faced some conflicts which are difficult
decisions and may have to lie / ignore
employee feelings. I also think that we
could see his ideas today because there
is rarely to meet a leader who good in
both sides
Reference:
S. (2015, June 19). POLITICAL THEORY - Niccolò Machiavelli.
Retrieved January 22, 2018, from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AOXl0Ll_t9s&t=1s
 Seventh learning record
Date: 23 January 2018
Question:
1. Who is John Stuart Mill?
2. What is utilitarianism?
3. What is deontology?
Summary:
1. He is a British philosopher. His best-known book is utilitarianism.
2. Most moral actions always provide the greatest happiness of greatest number.
3. The ethical approach that focuses on rightness or wrongness of actions, which opposed to consequentialist.
John argued that deontology usually fail to specify which principles should take priority when rights and duties
conflict.
Analysis and opinion:
I think John Stuart’ ideas believed that happiness of the mass of people is matter even numerous readers disagree with
him and thought that it is a selfish idea. Utilitarianism focuses on outcome of majority, but deontology focuses on
processes for everyone.
Reference:
An Introduction to John Stuart Mill's Utilitarianism - A Macat Politics Analysis. (2015, October 13). Retrieved January 22, 2018, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6LD5-2oj7DA

(n.d.). Retrieved January 22, 2018, from http://www.philosophybasics.com/branch_deontology.html

 Eighth learning record
Date: 26 January 2018 4. Evolution is a broad term regarding the processes. It is
the change in genetic of species over time.
Question: 5. Both of them have a common idea about people who
1. Who is Herbert Spencer? are weaker than the others will die out or do not succeed,
2. What were his ideas? but people who are stronger will success in the society.
3. What is Social Darwinism? 6. It came from “On the Origin of Species” and it means
4. How is it different than evolution? that the strongest one shall rule the weaker and over
5. What does Social Darwinism have in common with everyone.
Darwin’s theories of evolution?
6. Where did survival of the Fittest come from, and Analysis and opinion:
what does it mean? I think that Herbert Spencer is a politician that adapted
scientific knowledge to rule a society. Also, I think it works
Summary: out very well because people who give up easily can not
1. He is a 19th-century philosopher who compared alive or succeed in the reality.
social success with the biological success of a
creature. Reference:
2. His ideas are the strongest one will succeed and the (n.d.). Retrieved January 27, 2018, from
https://www.edmodo.com/file/view-office-online?id=3f56627724d0135ea511
weakest will suffer. e37a0242eac3
3. Social Darwinism is those who succeed in society What is the difference between Darwinism and evolution? (n.d.). Retrieved
were superior to those who did not succeed. January 27, 2018, from
https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100410174723AAPFb2Q
 Ninth Learning Record
Date: 29/01/18 ● He was worried because all three powers
remained with the monarchy. Even the
Question: aristocrats were checked and balance the
1. Who is Montesquieu? monarchy’s exertion, but it was not enough.
2. What are his political ideas?
3. How should the government be organized according 3. He believed that three powers should be
to Montesquieu? separated, equal to each other, and able to check and
balance, which called the separation of powers.
Summary:
1. He is a late 1600s century politician and philosopher. Analysis and opinion:
He was born in Medieval France. I believe that his idea is if the government could
2. separate all three powers, then it would reduce the
● He noticed that society was organized into three problems of society and improve human life.
main sections: monarchy, autocrats, and commons.
● He stated that there are two types of power that Reference:
monarchy had; sovereign and administrative powers. In-class
● Sovereign is the highest and divine power, which can BARON DE MONTESQUIEU. (n.d.). Retrieved January
make the final decisions. 28, 2018, from
● Administrative power is separated into executive http://www.rjgeib.com/thoughts/montesquieu/montes
(enforcer), legislative (creator), and judicial (judger). quieu-bio.html
 Tenth learning record
Date: 2 February 2018

Question:
1. Who are their parents?
2. Is he has any siblings?
3. What is his family background?

Summary:
1. Both of his parents came from Greek aristocracy. His father is Ariston (ancient king of Athens) and his mother
is Perictione (Athenian lawgiver and poet).
2. Plato had two brothers, Glaucon and Adeimantus and a sister named Potone.
3. Plato's father died when he was young and his mother remarried her uncle, Pyrilampes, a Greek politician and
ambassador to Persia.

Analysis and opinion:

I believe that since Plato’s parents are descended and famous person, so he might born with healthy, well-being, and
good education.

Reference:
Plato. (2017, October 19). Retrieved February 2, 2018, from https://www.biography.com/people/plato-9442588
 Eleventh learning record
Date: 12 February 2018 4. His writings explored justice, beauty, equality, and
contained discussions in aesthetics, political philosophy,
Question:
theology, cosmology, epistemology, and the philosophy of
1. Where is he studied? language.
2. How the curriculum he learned influenced himself?
3. What are his jobs? Analysis and opinion:
4. What are his works about? From what I research, Plato influenced western political
thought in many ways. Therefore, he could become one of
Summary:
the most famous ancient philosophers in Greek. Moreover,
1. He traveled to Egypt and Italy for learning I believed that he emphasized on nature and beauty.
mathematics purpose.
Reference:
2. The curriculum he learned helped develop the
foundation for Plato's study of metaphysics (the Meinwald, C. C. (2017, September 18). Plato. Retrieved
study of nature) and epistemology (the study of February 11, 2018, from
knowledge). https://www.britannica.com/biography/Plato
3. He is an ancient Greek philosopher and he played
an important role in the development of Western
philosophy.
 Twelfth learning record
Date: 23 February 2018
Question:
1. What is his impact on people at that time?
2. What is his influence on the society?
3. What is his belief in the study of knowledge?
Summary:
1. His philosophy is accepted to be a method of
discussion including profound insights into the
nature of reality by cognitive optimism.
2. The political order he proposed, which are rational
and righteous led to the harmonious unity of
society. The theoretical design and practice of that
order will never succeed without moral.
3. His idea is believed that all knowledge must be
obtained by recollection, including morals because
without them, everything is impossible to occur.
Also, his idea influenced the education system in Greek
because recollection is not passive. This process must be
done by challenging the mind with the questions.
Analysis and opinion:
I think he is an ethical person as I researched his biography,
I found a lot of information that he mentioned about ethical,
moral, and virtue.
Reference:
Who is Plato? Everything You Need to Know. (n.d.).
Retrieved February 13, 2018, from
https://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/plato-257.php
 Thirteenth learning record
Date: 2 March 2018

Question:
1. When or what age did he die?
2. Where did he die?
3. What did he do in his final year?

Summary:
1. He was in his early 80s around 347 to 348 B.C.E.
2. He died in Athens where he was also born.
3. Plato spent his final years with his writing. Moreover, The circumstances surrounding in his funeral are sorrowed.
Some scholars suggested that he died while attending a wedding, whereas others believed that he died peacefully
in his sleep.

Analysis and opinion:

I think that all events that happened to him must take for a long time because it was before the Christian Era and there is
no exactly evidence from the historian or scholars.

Reference:
(n.d.). Retrieved February 19, 2018, from http://www.iep.utm.edu/platopol/
L. (2017, November 05). Plato and Aristotle's "Virtuous Person" Ideology and its Influence in Greek Culture. Retrieved
February 19, 2018, from
https://owlcation.com/humanities/Plato-and-Aristotles-Virtuous-Person-Ideology-and-its-Influence-in-Greek-Culture
 Fourteenth learning record
Date: 8 March 2018
Question:
1. What is his institution named?
2. When has he established his institution?
3. Where is his institution located?
4. What are his influences in education part?
Summary:
1. The school he established named “Platonic
Academy.”
2. He found his school around 385 B.C.E.
3. His school located in Athens.
4. The Platonic Academy is one of the first
schools of higher learning in the Western
world. His school took part in research not
only philosophy but also mathematical or
scientific. Also, it became the model for
other schools of higher learning and later
for European universities.
Analysis and opinion:
I believe that Plato is a person who gives
importance to the education. As well as he
is likely to settle in one place, which is
Athens since he was born, established his
school, and died there.
Reference:
5 Reasons Why Plato and Aristotle Still
Matter Today. (n.d.). Retrieved March 8,
2018, from
https://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-t
opic/industry-news/tip-sheet/article/60264-
5-reasons-why-plato-and-aristotle-still-m
atter-today.html
 FIFTHTEEN LEARNING RECORD
Date: 16 March 2018
Question:
1. What is his other impact to the society?
2. What is his ideology in education?
3. What are educational theories of Plato?
Summary:
1. Plato believes that nothing was more important to him in
human life as education. He considers education the greatest
thing in human life as he mentioned in his book “the one
great thing”.
2. He thinks education is a key for the society, so he
emphasizes on it. Therefore, he wants to identify the skills of
the children and give them proper education for that
particular skills, which they could become a suitable member
of the society and fulfil their duty in society.
3. His educational theories are education for all: he
wants every boy and girl educated to their limit.
Also, state education: education should be
provided by state not parents.
Analysis and opinion:
I think that his purpose to removing children from
their mothers and raising them by the state
because Plato is one of the political thinkers who
disagrees in democracy and he is kind of
dictatorship. Therefore, he wants to do the extreme
level of children education.
Reference:
Khan, M. (1970, January 01). Plato and Education.
Retrieved March 16, 2018, from
https://research-education-edu.blogspot.com/2008
/11/plato-and-education.html
 SIXTHTEEN LEARNING RECORD
Date: 20 March 2018
Question:
1. What are Plato’s teaching methods?
2. What is Plato’s ideology about education?
3. Why he gives importance to nursery education?
4. What Plato aims for education?
Summary:
1. He recommended elementary level children to play for their learning. In addition, higher level children should
learn by training in processes of thinking and abstracting. He also against the use of force in education as he
said that “knowledge which is acquired under compulsion obtains no hold on the mind.”
2. No one should bring children into the world that is unwilling to preserve to the end in their nature and
education.
3. Because he thinks that it plays a significant role and helps to build moral character and state of mind since
they were young.
4. He intends to develop leadership among the future rulers, hard and competent workers. Also, to produce
leaders with military skill among the warriors and future civil servants of the state.
 Analysis and opinion:
I agree with his ideas about elementary level students
should learn by playing and doing instead of memorizing and
calculating. As we could see his ideas today when parents want their
children to study at school. They prefer their child to study at a high
standard of school since they were young.

Reference:
Khan, M. (1970, January 01). Plato and Education. Retrieved March
16, 2018, from
https://research-education-edu.blogspot.com/2008/11/plato-and-education.html