A. C.

Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Bhaktivedanta" redirects here. For the college under same name, see Bhaktivedanta College.
‹ The template Infobox religious biography is being considered for merging. ›

His Divine Grace A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami

Prabhupada

Religion Vaishnavism

Lineage Brahma-Madhva-Gaudiya Sampradaya

Sect Gaudiya Vaishnavism

Temple ISKCON

Philosophy Achintya Bheda Abheda

Other names Abhay Caranaravinda, Abhay Charan De, Shrila

Prabhupada, Prabhupada

Personal

Nationality Indian
Born Abhay Charan De

1 September 1896

Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, British India

Died 14 November 1977 (aged 81)

Vrindavan, Uttar Pradesh, India

Resting place Bhaktivedanta Swami's Samadhi, Vrindavan

Senior posting

Based in Vrindavan, India

Title Founder-Acharya of ISKCON

Period 1966–1977

in office

Predecessor Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Thakura

Religious career

Teacher Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Thakura

Works Bhagavad-Gītā As It Is, Srimad-Bhagavatam

Initiation Diksa–1933, Sannyasa–1959

Post Guru, Sannyasi, Samsthapaka-Acharya

Website Official Website of ISKCONOfficial Website of

Prabhupada

This article contains Indic

text.Without proper rendering
support, you may see question
marks or boxes, misplaced
vowels or missing conjuncts
 instead of Indic text.

Abhay Charanaravinda Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada (Abhoy Charonarobindo

Bhoktibedanto Shwamy Probhupad; 1 September 1896 – 14 November 1977) was a Gaudiya
Vaishnavism spiritual teacher (guru) and the founder preceptor (Acharya) of the International
Society for Krishna Consciousness[1] (ISKCON), commonly known as the "Hare Krishna
Movement". Adherents of the ISKCON movement view Prabhupada as a divine avatar and
messenger of Krishna.[2][3][4][5]
Born Abhay Charan De in Calcutta, he was educated at the Scottish Church College in
Calcutta.[6] Before adopting the life of a pious renunciant (vanaprastha) in 1950,[7] he was married
with children and owned a small pharmaceutical business.[8][9] In 1959 he took a vow of
renunciation (sannyasa) and started writing commentaries on Vaishnava scriptures.[10] In his later
years, as a travelling Vaishnava monk, he became an influential communicator of Gaudiya
Vaishnava theology to India and specifically to the West through his leadership of ISKCON,
founded in 1966.[11][12] As the founder of ISKCON, he "emerged as a major figure of the
Western counterculture, initiating thousands of young Americans."[13] He received criticism
from anti-cult groups, as well as a favourable welcome from religious scholars such as J. Stillson
Judah, Harvey Cox, Larry Shinn and Thomas Hopkins, who praised Bhaktivedanta Swami's
translations and defended the group against distorted media images and misinterpretations.[14] In
respect to his achievements, religious leaders from other Gaudiya Vaishnava movements have
also given him credit.[15]
He has been described as a charismatic leader, in the sense used by sociologist Max Weber, as
he was successful in acquiring followers in the United States, Europe, India and
elsewhere.[16][17][18] His mission was to propagate, throughout the world, Gaudiya Vaishnavism, a
school of Vaishnavite Hinduism that had been taught to him by his guru, Bhaktisiddhanta
Sarasvati.[11] After his death in 1977, ISKCON, the society he founded based on a type of
Hindu Krishnaism using the Bhagavata Purana as a central scripture, continued to grow. In
February 2014, ISKCON's news agency reported reaching a milestone of distributing over half a
billion of his books since 1965. His translation and commentaries of the Bhagavad-Gītā As It Is is
considered by adherents to the ISKCON movement and many Vedic scholars as one of the finest
literary works of Vaishnavism translated into the English Language.[19][2][3][4][5]

Contents
[hide]

 1Biography
o 1.1Early life
o 1.2Religious journey
o 1.3Renunciation
o 1.4Mission to the West
 2Books and publishing
o 2.1Copyright claims
 3Views on other religious traditions
 4Within India
 5Monuments
 6Bibliography
o 6.1Translations with commentary
o 6.2Summary studies
o 6.3Other works published within Prabhupada's lifetime
o 6.4Bengali writings
o 6.5Published posthumously
 7See also
 8References
 9External links
Biography[edit]
Early life[edit]
Born on 1 September 1896, the day after Janmastami ,one of the most important Vaishnava
holidays, in a humble house in the Tollygunge suburb of Calcutta in a Bengali Suvarna
Banik family[20], he was named Abhay Charan, "one who is fearless, having taken shelter at
Lord Krishna's feet." Since he was born on the day of Nandotsava ("the celebration of Nanda,"
Krishna's father, a traditional festival in honour of Krishna's birth) he was also called Nandulal.
His parents, Sriman Gour Mohan De and Srimati Rajani De, were devout Vaishnavas (devotees
of Vishnu). In accordance with Bengali tradition, his mother had gone to the home of her parents
for the delivery, and only a few days later Abhay returned with parents to his home at 6 Sitakanta
Banerjee Lane Kolkata 700005 [21]
He received a European-led education in the Scottish Church College, which was well reputed
among Bengalis; many Vaishnava families sent their sons there. The professors, most of whom
were Europeans, were known as sober, moral men, and it is believed that the students received
a good education. The college was located in north Calcutta, near the De's family home on
Harrison Road. During his years in the college, Abhay Charan De (অঅঅঅ অঅঅ অঅ) was a
member of the English Society as well as that of the SanskritSociety, and it has been suggested
that his education provided him a foundation for his future leadership.[8][21] He graduated in 1920
with majors in English, philosophy and economics.[22] He rejected his diploma in response to
Gandhi's independence movement.[23]
At 22 years of age he married Radharani Devi, who was then 11 years old, in a marriage
arranged by their parents. At 14, she gave birth to Abhay's first son.
Religious journey[edit]

Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Thakura

Part of a series on

Vaishnavism
 Supreme deity[show]

Important deities[show]

Texts[show]

Sampradayas[show]

Philosophers–acharyas[show]

Related traditions[show]

Hinduism portal

 v
 t
 e

In 1922, when he first met his spiritual master, Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Thakura, he was
requested to spread the message of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu in the English language.[24] In 1933
he became a formally initiated disciple of Bhaktisiddhanta. In 1944, (from his front room at Sita
Kanta Banerjee, Calcutta), he started the publication called Back to Godhead,[25][26] for which he
acted as writer, designer, publisher, editor, copy editor and distributor. He personally designed
the logo, an effulgent figure of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu in the upper left corner, with the motto:
"Godhead is Light, Nescience is darkness" greeting the readers.[27] In his first magazine he wrote:
Under the circumstances since 1936 up to now, I was simply speculating whether I shall venture
this difficult task and that without any means and capacity; but as none have discouraged me, I
have now taken courage to take up the work.

— A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami, Back to Godhead magazine (Vol. 1, 1–4, 1944)[27]

In 1947, the Gaudiya Vaishnava Society recognised his scholarship with the
title Bhaktivedanta, (bhakti-vedānta) meaning "one who has realised that devotional service to
the Supreme Lord is the end of all knowledge"[28] (with the words Bhakti, indicating devotion
and Vedanta indicating conclusive knowledge). [29]
His later well known name, Prabhupāda, is a Sanskrit title, literally meaning "he who has taken
the shelter of the lotus feet of the Lord" where prabhu denotes "Lord", and pāda means "taking
shelter."[30] Also, "at whose feet masters sit".[8] This name was used as a respectful form of
address by his disciples from late 1967 early 1968 onwards. Previous to this, as with his early
disciples, followers used to call him "Swamiji".[31]
From 1950 onwards, he lived at the medieval Radha-Damodar mandir in the holy town
of Vrindavan, where he began his commentary and translation work of
the Sanskrit work Bhagavata Purana.[32] Of all notable Vrindavana's temples, the Radha-
Damodara mandir had at the time the largest collection of various copies of the original writings
of the Six Gosvamis and their followers – more than two thousand separate manuscripts, many
of them three hundred, some even four hundred years old.[33][34] His guru, Bhaktisiddhanta
Sarasvati Thakura, had always encouraged him to print books, and beholding his spiritual
master, Abhay felt the words deeply enter his own life – "If you ever get money, print
books." [35] referring to the need of literary presentation of the Vaishnava culture.[9]
Renunciation[edit]
The Gaudiya Matha at Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh was where he lived, wrote and studied, edited
the Gauḍīya Patrikā magazine and where he donated the idol (murti) of Chaitanya
Mahaprabhu which stands on the altar beside those of Radha Krishna (named Śrī Śrī Rādhā
Vinodavihārījī). During his visit in September 1959 he entered the doors of this matha dressed in
white, as Abhoy Babu, but would be leaving dressed in saffron, a Vaishnava renunciate
(sannyasi).[10] He took his renunciate vows from his friend and godbrother Bhakti Prajnana
Keshava. On becoming a sannyasa he also took the prenominal Swami (অঅঅঅঅঅ Svāmi). He
single-handedly published the first three volumes covering seventeen chapters of the first book
of Bhagavata Purana, filling three volumes of four hundred pages, each with a detailed
commentary. The introduction to the first volume was a biographical sketch of Caitanya
Mahāprabhu.[34] He then left India, obtaining free passage on a freighter called the Jaladuta, with
the aim and a hope of fulfilling his spiritual master's instruction to spread the message of
Caitanya Mahaprabhu around the world. In his possession were a suitcase, an umbrella, a
supply of dry cereal, about eight dollars worth of Indian currency, and several boxes of books.[36]
Mission to the West[edit]
Main article: International Society for Krishna Consciousness

A message from Jaladuta Diary Journal kept by Prabhupada. Between 25 August 1965 and 30 August
1965, the Jaladuta Journal falls silent for six days. On the seventh day, 31 August, the silence is broken
with these simple words, "Passed over a great crisis on the struggle for life and death."
When he sailed to the United States in 1965, his trip was not sponsored by any religious
organization, nor was he met upon arrival by a group of loyal followers.[37] As the Indian
freighter Jaladuta neared his destination, the magnitude of his intended task weighed on him. On
13 September he wrote in his diary, "Today I have disclosed my mind to my companion, Lord
Sri Krishna."[38] On this occasion and on a number of others, he called on Krishna for help in his
native Bengali. Examining these compositions, academics regard them as "intimate records of
his prayerful preparation for what lay ahead" and a view on "how Bhaktivedanta Swami
understood his own identity and mission."[39]
I do not know why You have brought me here. Now You can do whatever You like with me. But I
guess You have some business here, otherwise why would You bring me to this terrible place?
How will I make them understand this message of Krishna consciousness? I am very
unfortunate, unqualified and most fallen. Therefore I am seeking Your benediction so that I can
convince them, for I am powerless to do so on my own.[38][39]

By journeying to the United States, he was attempting to fulfil the wish of his guru, possible only
by the grace of "his dear Lord Krishna".[39] It was in July 1966 that he brought "global missionary
Vaishnavism" to the Western world,[1] founding the International Society for Krishna
Consciousness (ISKCON) in New York City. He spent much of the last decade of his life setting
up the institution. Since he was the Society's leader, his personality and management were
responsible for much of ISKCON's growth and the reach of his mission.
When it was suggested to him at the time of founding the ISKCON in 1966 that a broader term
"God Consciousness" would be preferable to "Krishna Consciousness" in the title, he rejected
this recommendation, suggesting that the name Krishna includes all other forms and concepts of
God.[40]
After a group of devotees and a temple had been established in New York another centre was
started in San Francisco in 1967.[22][41] From there he travelled throughout America with his
disciples, popularizing the movement through street chanting (sankirtana), book distribution and
public speeches.

One of 108 worldwide temples he opened by 1977, was dedicated to Krishna-Balarama (pictured above)
in Vrindavana, India

Once ISKCON was more established in there, a small number of devotees from the San
Francisco temple were sent to London, England where they came into contact with The
Beatles. George Harrison took the greatest interest, spending a significant time speaking with
him and producing a record with members of the later London Radha Krsna Temple.[42]
Over the following years his continuing leadership role took him around the world some several
times setting up temples and communities on other continents.[43] By the time of his death in
Vrindavan in 1977, ISKCON had become an internationally known expression of Vaishnavism.[22]
In the twelve years from his arrival in New York until his final days, he:

 circled the globe fourteen times on lecture tours that took him to
six continents[43]
 initiated many disciples, awarding sannyasa initiations.[44]
  introduced Vedic gurukul education to a Western audience[45]
 directed the founding of the Bhaktivedanta Book Trust,[46] which
claims[47][48] to be the world's largest publisher of ancient and
classical Vaishnava religious texts
 founded the religious colony New Vrindavan in West Virginia,[49]
 authored more than eighty books (with many available online[50])
on Vedantic philosophy, religion, literature and culture (including
four published originally in Bengali)[43][48]
 introduced international celebrations such
as Jagannatha processions[43]
 watched ISKCON grow to more than 108 temples, various
institutes, and farm communities[46]
Through his mission, he followed and communicated the teachings of Chaitanya
Mahaprabhu and introduced bhakti yoga to an international audience.[43][48] Within Gaudiya
Vaishnavism this was viewed as the fulfilment of a long time mission to introduce Caitanya
Mahaprabhu's teachings to the world.[51][52]
In his discussion with historian Arnold J. Toynbee in London, he is quoted as saying: "I have
started this Krishna Conscious Movement among the Indians and Americans and for the next ten
thousand years it will increase."[53]

 According to the most recent issue of Back to

Godhead magazine, founded by Prabhupada, there are
presently over 400 temples and farm communities listed to visit.
The magazine lists only the major centres, there are many more
homes turned temple that hold programs as well that aren't
close by regular temples (Back to Godhead). Prabhupada's
initiated disciples and grand disciples number in the tens or
hundreds of thousands, while millions of believers who accept
his teachings as genuine and bona-fide throughout the world.

Prabhupada on a morning walk with Karlfried Graf Dürckheim in Frankfurt in June 1974.

Bhaktivedanta Swami died on 14 November 1977 in Vrindavan, India; his burial remains
in Krishna Balaram Mandir in Vrindavan India.[citation needed]

Books and publishing[edit]

It is believed that Bhaktivedanta Swami's most significant contribution are his books.[54][55] Within
the final twelve years of his life Bhaktivedanta Swami translated over sixty volumes of
classic Vedic scriptures (such as the Bhagavad Gita, Chaitanya Charitamritaand the Srimad
Bhagavatam) into the English language.[46] For their authority, depth, and clarity, his books have
won praise from professors at colleges and universities like Harvard, Oxford, Cornell, Columbia,
Syracuse, Oberlin, and Edinburgh,[56] and his Bhagavad-Gītā As It Is was published by Macmillan
Publishers, in 1968 and unabridged edition in 1972,[57][58][59] and is now available in over sixty
languages around the world and some other books by Bhaktivedanta Swami are available in over
eighty different languages.[25][48] In February 2014, ISKCON's news agency reported to have
reached a milestone of distributing over half a billion books authored by Bhaktivedanta Swami
Prabhupada, since 1965.[19]
The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust was established in 1972 to publish his works, and it has also
published his multi-volume biography, Srila Prabhupada-lilamrta, that according to Larry
Shinn will "certainly be one of the most complete records of the life and work of any modern
religious figure".[1][60] Prabhupada reminded his devotees before his death that he would live
forever in his books, and through them would remain present as a spiritual master
or guru.[61] Bhaktivedanta Swami had instilled in his followers an understanding of the importance
of writing and publishing not only with regard to his works, but also their own initiatives. His early
disciples felt Prabhupada had given them Back To Godhead for their own writings from the very
start.[61]
A prominent Gaudiya Vaishnava figure, Shrivatsa Goswami, who as a young man had met
Bhaktivedanta Swami in 1972, affirmed the significance of book publishing and distribution in
spreading the message of Caitanya in an interview with Steven Gelberg:[61]
Making these Vaisnava texts available is one of Srila Prabhupada's greatest contributions. Apart
from the masses, his books have also reached well into academic circles and have spurred
academic interest in the Chaitanya tradition ... The significance of making these texts available is
not merely academic or cultural; it is spiritual.[62]

Copyright claims[edit]
In 1997, a legal dispute opposing ISKCON Inc. / BBTI (Bhaktivedanta Book Trust International)
to the sole trustee of Bhaktivedanta Book Trust (at this time, Hansadutta Swami), ISKCON Inc.
supported the position that Bhaktivedanta Book Trust was non-existent;[63] in 1995 it was claimed
by ISKCON that Bhaktivedanta's work was done as a "Work for hire".[64] The litigation led to
amiable arrangement after which books of Bhaktivedanta are being edited in mainly two forms:
original work ("Pre 1978") and work which has, since Bhaktivedanta's passing, been further
edited, the later being the sole endorsed by ISKCON.[65]

Views on other religious traditions[edit]

Part of a series on

Hinduism

 Hindu
 History

Concepts[show]

Schools[show]

Deities[show]

Texts[show]
 Practices[show]

Gurus, saints, philosophers[show]

Society[show]

Other topics[show]

 Glossary of Hinduism terms

 Hinduism portal

 v
 t
 e

Bhaktivedanta Swami said:

Actually, it doesn't matter – Krishna or Christ – the name is the same. The main point is to follow
the injunctions of the Vedic scriptures that recommend chanting the name of God in this age.[66]

Other typical expressions present a different perspective, where he would point out that "today I
may be a Hindu, but tomorrow I may become a Christian or Muslim. In this way faiths can be
changed, but dharma is a natural sequence, a natural occupation or a connection and it can not
be changed, because it is permanent, according to him."[46] While the ISKCON theology
of personal god is close to Christian theology, both personal and monotheistic, being a preacher
of bhakti and a missionary he sometimes would add, that "already many Christians have tasted
the nectar of divine love of the holy name and are dancing with karatalas (hand-cymbals)
and mridangas (drums)."[67] His approach to modern knowledge is also seen in
sectarian Orthodox Judaism, where the skills and technical knowledge of modernity are
encouraged, but the values rejected. Bhaktivedanta Swami stated "devotees should not be lazy,
idle...we are not afraid to work. Whatever our engagement is, by offering the result to Krishna we
become Krishna conscious".[37] Some of his representations are believed to affect women
adversely and are male-centred, others are tender and celebratory. Bhaktivedanta Swami
himself taught a dualism of body and soul and that of the genders. Similar to many traditional
religions he considered sexuality and spirituality as conflicting opposites.[68] Among some liberal
male followers there is a positive recognition of his example in applying the spirit of the law
according to time, place, person and circumstance, rather than literal tracing of the tradition.[69]

Within India[edit]

ISKCON Temple in Delhi, India

ISKCON Temple in Tirupathi, India

Beginning his public preaching mission in India, he founded the League of Devotees in Jhansi in
1953.[70]
Following the establishment of temples and centres in the United States and Europe, he returned
to India in 1971, holding many public programs which were well attended. From 1971 onwards,
the movement became increasingly popular and spread throughout India. He was particularly
eager to see the progress at "the impressive temple project in" Mumbai which he and his
disciples had fought very hard to establish,[71] with large temples in Mayapur and Vrindavan to
follow in the mid-1970s. To promote the vedic education system within the modern Indian
education structure, he introduced a chain of Gurukul in various part of India. The Bhaktivedanta
Gurukula and International School is one of the most successful schools in the list.
In 1996, the Government of India recognized his accomplishments by issuing a commemorative
stamp in his honour as a part of Prabhupada Centennial celebrations.[72][73]
Speaking at the inauguration of ISKCON's cultural centre in New Delhi on 5 April on the occasion
of Ramnavmi in 1998, Atal Bihari Vajpayee, then India's prime minister, said:
If today the Bhagavad Gita is printed in millions of copies in scores of Indian languages and
distributed in all nooks and corners of the world, the credit for this great sacred service goes
chiefly to ISKCON. ... For this one accomplishment alone, Indians should be eternally grateful to
the devoted spritual army of Swami Prabhupada's followers. The voyage of Bhaktivedanta
Swami Prabhupada to the United States in 1965 and the spectacular popularity his movement
gained in a very short spell of twelve years must be regarded as one of the greatest spiritual
events of the century.

— Atal Bihari Vajpayee – April 1998 [74]

Monuments[edit]

ISKCON Prabhupada's Palace of Gold in West Virginia, USA photo dated 2007

A number of memorial samadhis or shrines to Bhaktivedanta Swami were constructed by the

members of ISKCON in his remembrance, the largest of which are in Mayapur, Vrindavan and at
the larger sized temples in America. Prabhupada's Palace of Gold was designed and constructed
by devotees of the New Vrindavan community and dedicated on 2 September 1979. Back in
1972 it was intended to be simply a residence for Bhaktivedanta Swami, but over time the plans
evolved into an ornate marble and gold palace which is now visited by thousands
of Hindu pilgrims each year, visiting this centrepiece of the community strongly relying upon
tourist trade.[49][75]

Bibliography[edit]
This section needs additional citations for verification. Please
help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced
material may be challenged and removed. (August 2017) (Learn how and when to
remove this template message)

Translations with commentary[edit]

Prabhupada's Palace of Gold in 1982

 Bhagavad-Gītā As It Is (1968) ISBN 0-89213-134-9

 Śrī Īśopaniṣad (1969) ISBN 0-89213-280-9
 Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam (1972–77) ISBN 84-86883-07-5 (Vols.)
 Caitanya-caritāmṛta (1974) ISBN 0-912776-50-1 (Vols.)
 The Nectar of Instruction (1975) ISBN 0-912776-85-4[25]
Summary studies[edit]

His Samadhi in Vrindavana

 Teachings of Lord Caitanya (1969) ISBN 0-912776-07-2

 Krishna, the Supreme Personality of Godhead (1970) ISBN 0-
89213-354-6
 The Nectar of Devotion (1970) ISBN 0-912776-05-6
Other works published within Prabhupada's lifetime [edit]
His pushpa Samadhi in Mayapur

 Easy Journey to Other Planets (1970)

 Kṛṣṇa Consciousness: The Topmost Yoga System (1970)
 Beyond Birth and Death (1972)
 The Perfection of Yoga (1972)
 Kṛṣṇa, the Reservoir of Pleasure (1972)
 On the Way to Kṛṣṇa (1973)
 Rāja-vidyā: The King of Knowledge (1973)
 Elevation to Kṛṣṇa Consciousness (1973)
 Kṛṣṇa Consciousness: The Matchless Gift (1974)
 Perfect Questions, Perfect Answers (1977)
 Teachings of Lord Kapila, the Son of Devahūtī
Bengali writings[edit]

 Geetār-gan
 Vairāgya-vidyā
 Buddhi-yoga
 Bhakti-ratna-boli[25]
Published posthumously[edit]

 Light of the Bhāgavata (1978) OL 11337662W

 Teachings of Queen Kuntī (1978) ISBN 0-89213-102-0
 Life comes from life (1978) OL 8622511W ISBN 0-89213-100-4
 Search for liberation OL 1998508W (1981)
 Chant and be happy (1982) OL 15397592W ISBN 0-89213-118-
7
 Coming back: the science of
reincarnation (1982) OCLC 495474079 ISBN 0-89213-114-4
 Dialectic spiritualism OL 8622518W (1985)
 Path of perfection (1989) OL 2089579W ISBN 0-89213-103-9
 Nārada bhakti sūtra (1991) ISBN 0-89213-273-6
 Mukunda-mālā-stotra (1989) OL 1058156W ISBN 0-89213-275-
2
 The Hare Krsna challenge OCLC 34455353 (1990)
 A second chance OL 2089576W (1991)
 The journey of self discovery OL 15143945W (1991)
 Laws of nature : an infallible
justice (1991) OL 4101128W ISBN 0-89213-272-8
 Renunciation Through Wisdom (1992)
 Quest for Enlightenment (1993)
 The Nectar of Book Distribution (1993)
  The Path of Yoga (1995)
 Message of Godhead (1996?)
 Civilization and Transcendence (1998) ISBN 0-89213-298-1
 Dharma: The Way of Transcendence (1998)
 Srila Prabhupada Slokas (1998)
 Beyond Illusion and Doubt (1999)
 Introduction to Bhagavad-gītā (2005)[25]
 A Shower of Divine Compassion (2008)
 Collected Lectures on Bhagavad-gita As It Is (7 volumes)
 Collected Lectures on Srimad-Bhagavatam (11 volumes)
 Collected Teachings of A.C.Bhaktivedanta Swami (7 volumes)
 Conversations with Srila Prabhupada (37 volumes)
 Srila Prabhupada Siksamrta (3 volumes)
 Srila Prabhupada's Letters (5 volumes)
 The Pioneer Years: Back to Godhead, 1944–1960
 The Jaladuta Diary
 The Spiritual Master and the Disciple
 The Beginning-The 1966 New York Journal
 Sri Namamrta-The Nectar of the Holy Name
 Srila Prabhupada's original League of Devotees 'Srimad
Bhagwatam' reprint
See also: Bhaktivedanta Book Trust

See also[edit]
 List of International Society for Krishna Consciousness
members and patrons

References[edit]
1. ^ Jump up to:a b c Goswami et al. 1983, p. 986
2. ^ Jump up to:a b Melton, John Gordon. "Hare
Krishna". Encyclopædia Britannica.
www.britannica.com. Archived from the original on 11 April 2008.
Retrieved 9 April 2015.
3. ^ Jump up to:a b "His Divine Grace A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami
Prabhupada - Prabhupada". prabhupada.krishna.com.
4. ^ Jump up to:a b "Who is Srila Prabhupada?".
5. ^ Jump up to:a b "Avatar Credentials by his Divine Grace A.C.
Prabhupada".
6. Jump up^ Jones, Constance (2007). Encyclopedia of Hinduism.
New York: Infobase Publishing. pp. 77–78. ISBN 0-8160-5458-4.
7. Jump up^ Goswami 2002, Vol.1 Chapter 6
8. ^ Jump up to:a b c Rhodes 2001, p. 178
9. ^ Jump up to:a b Goswami 2002, Vol.1 Chapter 4
10. ^ Jump up to:a b Goswami 2002, Vol.1 Chapter 9
11. ^ Jump up to:a b Klostermaier 2007, p. 217
12. Jump up^ Ekstrand & Bryant 2004, p. 23
13. Jump up^ Klostermaier 2007, p. 309
14. Jump up^ Vasan & Lewis 2005, p. 129
15. Jump up^ Paramadvaiti, Swami B. A. "Branches of the Gaudiya
Math". www.vrindavan.org. Archived from the original on 4 July
2008. Retrieved 2008-05-30.
16. Jump up^ "Unrecognized charisma? A study and comparison of
four charismatic leaders: Charles Taze Russell, Joseph Smith, L
Ron Hubbard, Swami Prabhupada" by George D. Chryssides.
Paper presented at the 2001 International Conference The
spiritual supermarket: religious pluralism in the 21st century,
organised by INFORM and CESNUR(London, April 2001)
17. Jump up^ "in an evaluation of the nature of the guru, Larry Shinn,
a scholar of religions, utilised Max Weber's analysis of charisma in
order to understand Prabhupada and the issue of leadership
in ISKCON..."status as charismatic leader" Knott 1997, Chapter:
Prabhupada and role of guru
18. Jump up^ Shinn 1987, p. 49
19. ^ Jump up to:a b Smullen, Madhava (2014-02-12). "BBT Reaches
Half a Billion Books Distributed Since 1965". ISKCON News.
Retrieved 2014-02-27.
20. Jump up^ "Interview with Srila Prabhupada's Grand-Nephew -
Sankarsan Prabhu". bvml.org. Retrieved 2017-08-11.
21. ^ Jump up to:a b Goswami 2002, Vol.1 Chapter 2
22. ^ Jump up to:a b c Vasan & Lewis 2005, p. 128
23. Jump up^ Eggenberger, D. 1989. Encyclopedia of World
Biography: A to F.
24. Jump up^ Goswami 1984, page xv
25. ^ Jump up to:a b c d e Cole & Dwayer 2007, p. 34
26. Jump up^ Goswami 1984, page xviii
27. ^ Jump up to:a b Goswami 2002, Vol. 1 Chapter 5
28. Jump up^ Bhaktivedanta 2003, Ending Glossary
29. Jump up^ A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, Satsvarupa
dasa Goswami (1998) The secrets of transcendental love, ISBN 0-
89213-273-6, p. 73: "The spiritual harmony of knowledge and
devotion is well expressed in the phrase bhakti-vedānta"
30. Jump up^ Aparna Chattopadhyay (2004). Pearls of Spiritual
Wisdom. Pustak Mahal, India. p. 37. ISBN 81-223-0858-9.
31. Jump up^ Goswami 2002, Vol.1 Chapter Planting the seed
32. Jump up^ Charles S. J. White (2004). A Catalogue of Vaishnava
Literature on Microfilms in the Adyar Library. Delhi: Motilal
Banarsidass. ISBN 81-208-2067-3.
33. Jump up^ Mukherjee, T.; Wright, J.C. (1979). "An early
testamentary document in Sanskrit". Bulletin of the School of
Oriental and African Studies, University of London. 42 (2): 297–
320. doi:10.1017/S0041977X00145859. JSTOR 615020.
34. ^ Jump up to:a b Goswami 2002, Vol.1 Chapter This momentous
hour of need
35. Jump up^ Goswami 2002, Vol.1 Chapter 4 "Āmār icchā chila
kichu bai karānā: "Standing by Rādhā-kuṇḍa and beholding his
spiritual master, Abhay felt the words deeply enter his own life – "If
you ever get money, print books."
36. Jump up^ Knott 1997, "Bhaktivedanta Swami, by journeying to
America, was attempting to fulfill the wish of his guru, possible
only by the grace of his dear Lord Krishna."
37. ^ Jump up to:a b "Charisma and Religious Innovation: Prabhupada
and the Founding of ISKCON". ISKCON Communications Journal.
Archived from the original on 16 May 2008. Retrieved 31
May 2008. (self published)
38. ^ Jump up to:a b Goswami 2002, Vol 1. Ch 1
39. ^ Jump up to:a b c Knott 1997, Introduction
40. Jump up^ Ekstrand & Bryant 2004, pp. 120–122
41. Jump up^ Cole & Dwayer 2007, p. 22
42. Jump up^ Cole & Dwayer 2007, p. 23
43. ^ Jump up to:a b c d e Smith, David Nichol (2003). Hinduism and
modernity. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Blackwell Pub.
p. 178. ISBN 0-631-20862-3.
44. Jump up^ "Babaji initiation, Chicago, July 11, 1975".
prabhupadabooks.com. Retrieved 2008-10-19.
45. Jump up^ Cole & Dwayer 2007, p. 221
46. ^ Jump up to:a b c d Cole & Dwayer 2007, p. 25
47. Jump up^ "About Bhaktivedanta Book Trust".
www.Krishna.com. Archived from the original on 30 May 2008.
Retrieved 2008-05-30.[self-published source?]
48. ^ Jump up to:a b c d "The matrix of principal published translated
works. Bhaktivedanta Book Trust offers a 2006 summary PDF file
showing which books translated in which languages" (PDF).
www.krishna.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 May
2008. Retrieved 30 May2008.
49. ^ Jump up to:a b Shinn & Bromley 1987, p. 124 now a tourist
attraction. "New Vrindavan in West Virginia, on the other hand, is a
close-knit community, has a strong sense of common purpose."
50. Jump up^ "Bhaktivedanta VedaBase Online". vedabase.com.
51. Jump up^ Cole & Dwayer 2007, p. 5
52. Jump up^ Maharaja, Sridhar. "Branches of the Gaudiya Math".
www.vrindavan.org. Archivedfrom the original on 4 July 2008.
Retrieved 2008-05-30.
53. Jump up^ Gosvāmī, Satsvarūpa Dāsa (1983). Let there be a
temple: India around the world, 1971–1975. Bhaktivedanta Book
Trust. ISBN 0-89213-119-5. OL 8622579W. Ch. 6, p. 161
54. Jump up^ Sharma 1981, p. 971
55. Jump up^ "Scholars reviews of Srila Prabhupada's books".
www.acbspn.com. Archived from the original on 15 May 2008.
Retrieved 31 May 2008.
56. Jump up^ "Summary, Academic reviews of Srimad-Bhagavatam".
www.krishna.com. Retrieved 2008-05-31.
57. Jump up^ Maheswar Neog Professor Maheswar Neog Felicitation
Volume (1990)
58. Jump up^ Bhaktivedanta Swami, A. C. (1968). The Bhagavad-
gita As It Is, first edition. New York: Macmillan.
59. Jump up^ Rosen, S. "The Macmillan Miracle".
www.krishna.com. Archived from the original on 6 June 2008.
Retrieved 2008-06-02.
60. Jump up^ Shinn & Bromley 1989, p. 53
61. ^ Jump up to:a b c Knott 1997, Prabhupada, Books and Publishing
62. Jump up^ Cox et al. 1983, p. 247
63. Jump up^ ISKCON Inc. "Complaint for declaratory judgement
regarding validity of assignment and existence of trust" (PDF).
64. Jump up^ Bhaktivedanta Book Trust International. "FORM TX for
literary work - United States Copyright Office".
65. Jump up^ "BBT Only". Archived from the original on 12 August
2011.
66. Jump up^ Bhaktivedanta 2003
67. Jump up^ Cole & Dwayer 2007, p. 6
68. Jump up^ Cole & Dwayer 2007, p. 224
69. Jump up^ Cole & Dwayer 2007, p. 223
70. Jump up^ League of Devotees article prabhupadaconnect.com
71. Jump up^ Cole & Dwayer 2007, p. 27
72. Jump up^ "prabhupada.krishna.com".
www.krishna.com. Archived from the original on 26 March 2013.
Retrieved 2014-01-08. see "Commemorative Stamp" section,
including image
73. Jump up^ "Centennial 1996 Events". afn.org. Archived from the
original on 6 July 2008. Retrieved 31 May 2008.
 74. Jump up^ "Speech by Atal Bihari Vajpayee, April 18,
1998" (Press release). Vaishnava News Network. 11 Apr 1998.
Archived from the original on 17 May 2008. Retrieved 2008-05-
31.the website, however, gives the speech a wrong date −1988
instead of 1998.)
75. Jump up^ "Prabhupada's Palace of Gold".
www.palaceofgold.com. Archived from the original on 14 June
2008. Retrieved 2008-05-31.
Sources

 Goswami, Satsvarupa dasa (2002). Srila Prabhupada Lilamrta Vol 1–

2 (2nd ed.). Los Angeles: Bhaktivedanta Book Trust. ISBN 0-89213-
357-0.
 Ekstrand, Maria; Bryant, Edwin H. (2004). The Hare Krishna
movement: the postcharismatic fate of a religious transplant. New York:
Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-12256-X.
 Rhodes, Linda (2001). The challenge of the cults and new religions.
Grand Rapids, Mich: Zondervan. ISBN 0-310-23217-1.
 Vasan, Mildred; Lewis, James P. (2005). Cults (contemporary world
issues). Santa Barbara, Calif: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 1-85109-618-3.
 Cole, Richard; Dwayer, Graham (2007). The Hare Krishna movement:
forty years of chant and change. London: I. B. Tauris. ISBN 1-84511-
407-8.
 Goswami, Satsvarupa dasa (1984). Prabhupada: he built a house in
which the whole world can live (abr ed.). Los Angeles: Bhaktivedanta
Book Trust. ISBN 0-89213-133-0.
 Harvey Cox; Larry D. Shinn; Thomas J. Hopkins; A.L. Basham;
Shrivatsa Goswami (1983). Gelberg, Steven J, ed. Hare Krishna, Hare
Krishna: five distinguished scholars on the Krishna movement in the
West. New York: Grove Press.
 Klostermaier, Klaus K. (2000). Hinduism: a short history. Oxford:
Oneworld Publications. ISBN 1-85168-213-9.
 Klostermaier, Klaus K (2007). A survey of Hinduism (3rd ed.). New
York: State University of New York Press. ISBN 0-7914-7081-4.
 Bhaktivedanta, A. C. (2003). The Science of self-realization. Los
Angeles: Bhaktivedanta Book Trust. ISBN 91-7149-447-2.
 Shinn, Larry D (1987). Bromley, David G, ed. "The future of an old
man's vision. ISKCON in the twenty-first century". The Future of New
Religious Movements: 123–140. ISBN 978-0-86554-238-9.
 Knott, Kim (1997). "Insider and outsider perceptions of
Prabhupada". ISKCON Communications Journal: 5: 1.
 Knott, Kim (2005). "Insider/outsider perspectives in the study of
religions". In Hinnells, John. The Routledge companion to the study of
religion. Routledge. p. 243. ISBN 978-0-415-33311-5.
 Shinn, Larry D. (1987). The dark lord: cult images and the Hare
Krishnas in America. Philadelphia: Westminster Press. ISBN 0-664-
24170-0. OCLC 15017927. OL 2737873M.
 Goswami, Srivatsa; Dasa Goswami, Satsvarupa; Cox, Harvey;
Hopkins, Thomas J.; Judah, J. Stillson (1983). "Review: Srila
Prabhupada-Lilamrta". Journal of Asian Studies. 42 (4): 986–
988. doi:10.2307/2054828. ISSN 0021-9118. JSTOR 2054828.
 Sharma, Jagdish Saran, ed. (1981). Encyclopaedia
Indica. OCLC 8033900. OL 13760440M.
 Shinn, Larry D; Bromley, David G (1989). Krishna consciousness in the
West. Lewisburg [Pa.]: Bucknell University Press. ISBN 0-8387-5144-
X.

External links[edit]
 Wikimedia Commons has
media related
to Prabhupada.

 Official online multilingual library of A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami

Prabhupada
 A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada at Curlie (based
on DMOZ)
 Works by or about A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami
Prabhupada at Internet Archive

[show]

Vishnu-bhakti, Vaishnava theology and Vaishnava philosophy

[show]
A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada Navigational boxes

 Bengal portal

 Biography portal

 Philosophy portal

 Hinduism portal

 Spirituality portal

 Indian religions portal

Identities

93003

9133133

0 0000 8076 8263

033585

176385

26726971
8918976 (data)
90546080

55743

990210501

846320

04013456

Wikiquote has quotations

related to: A. C.
Bhaktivedanta Swami
Prabhupada

Categories:
 1896 births
 1977 deaths
 20th-century Hindu religious leaders
 20th-century Indian philosophers
 Ascetics
 Bhakti movement
 Bengali Hindus
 Bengali people
 Devotees of Krishna
 Gaudiya religious leaders
 Hindu philosophers
 Hindu revivalists
 International Society for Krishna Consciousness
 Indian Hare Krishnas
 Indian Hindu monks
 Indian Hindu missionaries
 Indian male philosophers
 Indian Hindu religious leaders
 Indian Hindu spiritual teachers
 Indian Vaishnavites
 Kirtan performers
 Khol players
 Scholars from Kolkata
 Scottish Church College, Calcutta alumni
 Spiritual practice
 University of Calcutta alumni
 Vaishnava saints
 Vedanta
 20th-century Indian singers
Navigation menu
  Not logged in

 Talk

 Contributions

 Create account

 Log in
 Article
 Talk
 Read
 Edit
 View history
Search
Go

 Main page
 Contents
 Featured content
 Current events
 Random article
 Donate to Wikipedia
 Wikipedia store
Interaction
 Help
 About Wikipedia
 Community portal
 Recent changes
 Contact page
Tools
 What links here
 Related changes
 Upload file
 Special pages
 Permanent link
 Page information
 Wikidata item
 Cite this page
Print/export
 Create a book
 Download as PDF
 Printable version
In other projects
 Wikimedia Commons
 Wikiquote
Languages
 বাাংলা
 ગુજરાતી
 हिन्दी
 ಕನ್ನ ಡ
 മലയാളം
 मराठी
 ଓଡ଼ିଆ
 தமிழ்
 తెలుగు
36 more
Edit links
 This page was last edited on 7 April 2018, at 07:22.
 Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License;
additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of
Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia
Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.

 Privacy policy

 About Wikipedia

 Disclaimers

 Contact Wikipedia

 Developers

 Cookie statement

 Mobile view

 Enable previews