Reading - Dana-1

Prepared by: Nabaz Karim Sardoly 2017 - 2018 Reading & Listening
Reading 12
٢١ ‫پێشکەش بە قوتابیانی قۆناغی‬
2017 – 2018
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snapchat / dana_ashk
pg. 1 dana_ashk Facebook/poli12.poly12

New York
1. 2012/ Primary: New york has ------- boroughs. A. five B. six C. seven D. eight
2. -------- is the oldest and the most famous borough of New York.
A. Manhattan B. Staten Island C. Queens D. Brooklyn
3. 2017.1st: The five boroughs together form a city of more than eight million people with an
enormous mixture of -----------------.
A. human activities B. fashion and banking C. culture and traditions D. both (A + C)
4. 2014/ Pri: Four centuries ago Manhattan was -----------
a- an island of woods b- the main center of trade
c- the center of crime d- a great national and international center of banking
5. Four centuries ago, Manhattan was home to -------
A. native Americans. B. Dutch people C. British People D. all of them
6. 2015. 2nd: Before 1625, Manhattan was ----------------
a. called New York b. renamed New York
c. home to native Americans d. main center of trade
7. 2013/ 1st: In ------ some Dutch people arrived and founded New Amsterdam.
a- 1776 b-1625 c- 1970 d- 1800
8. 2015/ 1st: In 1625 some ------- people arrived and founded --------.
a- Dutch /New York b- European / trade centre
c- British / New Amsterdam d- Dutch / New Amsterdam
9. --------- bought the island for $500 of goods.
A. British people B. Dutch people C. Americans D. Arabs
nd
10. 2013/ 2 : The British took over the village and renamed it --------
a- Manhattan b- New York c- New Amsterdam d- Staten Island
11. 2015/ Sample: In -------- the British took over the village and renamed it New York.
a. 1664 b. 1776 c. 1625 d. 1830
12. 2017. Elementry: In 1664 the -------- renamed the village ----------.
a- British / New Amsterdam b- British / New York c- European / trade center d- Dutch / New York
13. 2012/ 2nd: New York (Manhattan) began growing faster, and by ------- it was the main center
of trade in the USA. A. 1833 B. 1830 C. 1831 D. 1876
14. 2016. Primary: America had been independent from British rule in ------
A. 1664 B. 1776 C. 1970 D. 1625
15. New York had been independent of British rule since ------
A. 1800 B. 1776 C. 1830 D. 1625

16. Before ------ , most immigration had been from Britain.
A. 1800 B. 1776 C. 1830 D. 1625
17. 2016. 1st: Many immigrants entered America through ------------.
a. New York b. Manhattan c. Queens d. none
18. 2012. 1st: Half the population of New York today are either ------------
immigrants or children of immigrants.
19. 2013/ Pri: Half the population of New York today are either ----------
a- immigrants. b- children of immigrants. c- none of them. d- both of them.
20. 2012. 1st: New York has experienced bad times for example, -----------
crime levels in the 1970s were extremely high.
21. 2014/2nd: New York has experienced bad times when the crime level was very high but -----
a- it became independent since 1776. b- it was the main centre of trade.
c- it recovered in the 1970s. d- it was formed by the five boroughs.
22. New York experienced good times for example, it was --------------
a- an island of woods b- home to many immigrants
c- the center of crime d- a great national and international center of banking
23. The Empire State Building (ESB) was opened in ----------- and with a height of 1470 feet it
became the tallest building in the world. a. 1913 b. 1933 c. 1931 d. 1886
24. 2016. 2nd: The Empire State Building was the tallest building in the world for -----------
a- 1930 years b- over forty years c- 1970 years d- 1470 years
st
25. 2017. 1 : The Empire State Building was opened in 1931 and it’s -----------
a. 102 floors b. 1740 feet long c. called New Amsterdam d. both (a and b)
26. The total area of 102 floors of Empire State Building is approximately ------million square feet
a. 102 b. 2.75 c. 1.470 d. 1.931
SELF - ORGANIZATION
1. 2015. 1st: Dr. Sally Dale was ------------.
A. an education expert B. Azad’s English teacher
C. a website designer D. a help desk advisor
2. Dr. Sally Dale was talking about ----------------
A. self - organization. B. School Net C. Financial scheme D. Food crisis
3. Which one of the following isn’t true about 12 grade students?
A. ‘school is much busier than before’ B. ’there’s always too much work to do’
C. ‘ there’s never enough time to relax and have fun’ D. ‘Students have to study without breaks’
4. 2013/ 1st: Grade 12 students main goal might be -------
A. to organize their desks and clothes. B. to get into a good college.
C. to waste their time. D. to leave all their revisions till the night before the exam.
5. Grade 12 students main goal could be -------
A. to get into a good university. B. to develop strong IT skills for work.
C. none of them D. both of them
nd
6. 2013/ 2 : Grade 12 students should set clear goals because if they set too many --------
a- They will achieve them b- they will be training for the job
c- they won’t achieve any d- They will be taking notes.
7. 2016.Primary: If grade 12 students set too many goals, they -----------------
a- will achieve them all b- will burn out c- won’t achieve any d- won’t waste their time
8. To plan your route to your goals means ---------
A. achieve two goals by doing a single action.
B. make sure you rest and sleep properly.
C. Prepare to achieve what you want to achieve.
D. planning, preparing and getting yourself ready to do things.
9. A wall planer can help Grade 12 students to --------------
A. do the most important things first.
B. write their work schedules with revision and test dates.
C. get too tired to remember much. D. understand complicated ideas.
nd
10. 2014/ 2 : Grade 12 students can write their work schedules with -------------
A. home work, revision and test dates. B. finishing the projects and buy notebooks.
C. organizing their things and clothes. C. riding and reading at the same time.
11. 2015/ sample: Grade 12 Students should --------------------
A. leave all their revision till the night before the exam. B. ride the bus to school.
C. write their work schedule with home work, revision and test dates.
D. not be efficient with time wasters.
12. 2016. 2nd: Grade 12 Students shouldn’t --------------------
a. organize things b. revise for the exams c. plan each day d. put things off
nd
13. 2017.2 : We can use the calendar function in our mobile to ------------.
a. save money and buy less meat b. organize our clothes
c. remember important dates. d. all of them
14. It is important for Grade 12 students to organize their desks, clothes in order not to -----------
A. waste time looking for a shirt to wear or a pen to write that works.
B. kill two birds with one stone. C. ride and read. D. get in to a good university.
15. Grade 12 students should get organized in order to ------------
A. do well in their exams. B. plan for the future. C. both of them. D. none of them.
st
16. 2017.1 : Grade 12 students --------- in order to do well in their exams and plan for the future.
A. should get organized B. must revise late at nights
C. should revise all the time D. should not sleep properly

st
17. 2012.1 : It is important for Grade 12 students to set priorities ----------
A. to write their work schedules. B. to remember important dates.
C. to do the most important things first. D. to get too tired to remember much.
18. Final revision for a test ---------
A. takes priority over phoning friends. B. is important to remember important dates.
C. is important to write your work schedules. D. is less important than phoning your friends.
19. 2013/ Pri: If you leave all your revision till the night before an exam --------
a- you will remember much. b- you will be too tired to remember much.
c- you will learn efficiently. d- you will not waste time.
20. 2015. 2nd: Revising late is wrong because --------
a. there will be too much to do b. you will be too tired to remember much.
c. (a and b) d. none of these
21. 2014/ Pri: To kill two birds with one stone means ------------
a- to organize complicated ideas. b- to set priorities.
c- to achieve two aims at one time. d- to set clear goals.
22. Grade 12 Students should --------------------
A. ride and read. B. organize more efficiently. C. choose their goals carefully. D. all of them
23. Lists, charts , a diagram or points ‘for’ and ‘against’ can help Grade 12 students to ---------
A. understand complicated ideas and information clearly. B. remember important dates.
C. waste time looking for a shirt to wear. D. get a good night’s sleep.
st
24. 2016. 1 : When you revise for an exam, try to ------------
a. waste your time b. organize complicated ideas c. put things off d. relax and have fun
25. When you revise for an exam, try to ------------
A. understand complicated ideas and information clearly. B. study all the time.
C. waste time looking for a shirt to wear. D. put things off.
26. The night before an exam try --------------
A. to study all the time. B. to get a good night’s sleep. C. not to take breaks. D. to burn out
27. “Self-organization” means ---------
A. achieve two goals by doing a single action.
B. make sure you rest and sleep properly.
C. Prepare to achieve what you want to achieve.
D. planning, preparing and getting yourself ready to do things.
28. To try to get a good night’s sleep means ----------
A. achieve two goals by doing a single action B. make sure you rest and sleep properly
C. Prepare to achieve what you want to achieve. D. read and ride
29. It’s a good thing for grade 12 students to -----------
A. write ‘to do’ list. B. organize complicated ideas and information clearly.
C. set clear goals for themselves D. all of them

30. It’s a bad thing for grade 12 students -----------
A. not to cut time wasters ‘like too much TV. B. put things off.
C. leave all their revisions till the night before an exam. D. all of them.
Stonehenge
1. 2012/ Pri: What is Stonehenge?

- Stonehenge is an ancient stone circle roughly 4,500 years old that stands 80 miles west of
London.
2. Stonehenge is ------------
A. one of the great pyramids. B. a citadel C. an ancient stone circle D. one of the Pharaohs
3. Stonehenge is an ancient stone circle roughly -------- years old.
A. 4600 B. 8000 C. 4500 D. 1776
4. Stonehenge stands 80 miles -----------.
A. west of London in southern England B. near Egypt’s capital, Cairo
C. near the centre of Erbil. D. west of America.
5. Stonehenge consists of ---- huge, rectangular blocks of stone. A. 50 B. 20 C. 80 D. 30
6. 2015. 1st: Stonehenge is an ancient stone ------ which has 80 ------- blocks.
a. square base / rectangular b. rectangular / circle
c. circle / rectangular d. triangular / square
7. Each rectangular blocks of stone of the Stonehenge stands up to ------- metres high.
A. 5.5 B. 146 C. 30 D. 7.5
8. Each rectangular stone of the Stonehenge weigh between ---------- tonnes.
A. 20 and 60 B. 30 and 50 C. 20 and 50 D. 30 and 60
9. Stonehenge are placed in ---------
A. an inner group B. an outer group C. both of them D. none of them
10. Stonehenge is ---------- in shape. A. square B. rectangular C. triangular D. circular
11. The diameter of Stonehenge is ----------. A. 2.352 B. 230 C. 50 D. 30
nd
12. 2012/ 2 : Stonehenge was constructed by ---------
A. Khufu B. along forgotten people C. Tim Berners – Lee D. Pharos
13. 2017.1st: Stonehenge was 7.5m ------------ but it has a diameter of ----------.
A. wide / 80 m B. high / 30 m C. high / 146 m D. long / 400 m
14. 2016. 1st: Stonehenge was constructed ------------------------- .
a. about 4600 years ago b. by along forgotten people
c. near Cairo, the capital of Egypt d. on a square base

15. Stonehenge was used for festivals on the ----------- days of the year.
A. shortest B. longest C. both of them D. none of them
16. Today, Stonehenge is still visited by thousands as the sun rises each -------
A. mid- summer’s day B. summer’s day C. winter’s day D. mid – summer’s night
17. Which one of the following incorrect about Stonehenge?

A. It was used for festivals on the shortest and longest days of the year.
B. It is still visited by thousands as the sun rises each mid-summer’s day.
C. it was built nearly 4,600 years ago.
D. Blocks in Stonehenge weigh between 20 and 50 tonnes.
Khufu
18. The oldest and largest of the pyramids is ----------
A. Stonehenge B. Erbil’s Citadel C. Erbil’s museum D. Khufu
19. The great pyramid of Khufu stands --------.
A. near west of London in southern England B. near Egypt’s capital, Cairo
C. near the centre of Erbil. D. near New York in America.
20. The great pyramid of Khufu was built approximately -------- years ago.
A. 4600 B. 8000 C. 4500 D. 1776
21. The Great Pyramid of Khufu was built by ---------
A. Khufu, one of the great Pharaohs B. along forgotten people
C. Tim Berners – Lee D. none of them
22. 2017. Elementry: The Great Pyramid of Khufu was built by --------- near ----------.
a- a long forgotten people / Cairo b- UNESCO / Erbil c- Khufu / Cairo d- Khufu / London
23. The great pyramid of Khufu stands on a --------- base.
A. triangular B. circular C. rectangular D. square
24. The great pyramid of Khufu has a total area of almost -------- square metres.
A. 4600 B. 146 C. 53000 D. 2.352
25. The great pyramid of Khufu’s triangular sides rise to a height of ----------- metres.
A. 230 B. 146 C. 7.5 D. 30
26. The great pyramid of Khufu contains -------------- million stone blocks, each with a weight of
2.5 tonnes. A. 2.5 B. 230 C. 2.352 D. 4,600
27. The volume of the whole structure of the great pyramid of Khufu is ------- million cubic metres.
A. 2.5 B. 230 C. 2.352 D. 4,600
28. --------- is still known around the world as one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
A. Erbil Citadel B. Stonehenge C. The great pyramid of Khufu D. Fiber Optics

29. Which one of the following incorrect about the great pyramid of Khufu?
A. It was used for festivals on the shortest and longest days of the year.
B. It was built by Khufu.
C. it was built nearly 4,600 years ago.
D. is still known around the world as one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
Erbil Citadel
1. Erbil’s Citadel stands at the ------- of this fast growing city.

a. north b. outside c. center d. far away
2. 2014. 2nd: The walls of the citadel ring the -------------
a- whole of Erbil city. b- edge of the mound. c- Middle east. d- wonderful museum.
3. 2013. Pri: Erbil’s ancient citadel can be seen for miles because of it’s -------
a- location. b- size. c- height. d- shape.
4. The Citadel can be seen for miles because of the mound that reaches up ------- metres
above the modern city. a. 40 b. 50 c. 60 d.30
5. ----------- is one of the most dramatic sights anywhere in the Middle-East, one that was
certainly welcome to the Silk Road merchants who travelled this way for -------- years.
a.Erbil Citadel / 8000 b. Erbil Citadel / 1500 c. Stonehenge / 2500 d. Khufu / 2600
6. It’s believed that human beings have lived in --------- continuously for up to ------- years
longer than anywhere else in the world.
a. Pyramids / 8000 b. Erbil Citadel / 8000 c. Stonehenge / 2600 d. Middle East / 1500
7. Today, Erbil Citadel contains approximately -------- houses and other buildings.
a. 300 b. 8000 c. 500 d. 1500
8. Houses and other buildings of Erbil Citadel are good examples of -----------
a. traditional architecture b. distraction techniques c. construction techniques d. (a and c)
9. 2015. 2nd: The important developments which happened near Erbil were -----------------
a. construction techniques b. traditional architecture
c. The HCECR and UNESCO d. both (a , b)
nd
10. 2013. 2 : Erbil’s ancient citadel stands on a mound which is perfectly -------- in shape.
a- circular b- square c- triangular d- rectangular
11. 2016. Primary: The mound of Erbil’s ancient Citadel is almost perfectly ---------- in shape.
a- circular b- square c- triangular d- rectangular
12. The mound of Erbil citadel has an average diameter of approximately ------ meters, and it
covers an area of ---------- square meters.
a. 102,000 / 400 b. 500 / 102,000 c. 400 / 102,000 d. 400 / 8000

13. The mound of Erbil Citadel has never been properly investigated by -------- but it’s thought
that the remains of --------- lie one below another.
a. archaeologists / many cities b. architects / kurds
c. people / Erbil d. researchers / only one city
14. 2017.2nd: Erbil Citadel has never properly investigated by ---------------.
a. archaeologists b. early civilization c. UNESCO and HCECR d. the World Heritage sites
15. 2012. 2nd/ 2013. 1st: Archaeologists want to investigate the mound -----------
a- because the buildings need urgent repairs
b- since the remains of many cities lie below one another.
c- since it was a welcome to the Silk Road merchants.
d- because the citadel is almost empty.
16. 2014. 1st: Archaeologists want to investigate the mound of Erbil's citadel because --------
a-it is in the center of the city b-the remains of many cities lie one below another
c- the houses are damaged d- it was welcome to the Silk Road merchants
17. Because humans have lived in the Erbil citadel for 8,000 years, --------------
a. the mound has many remains. b. it was welcome to the Silk Road merchants
c. the mound has many houses and other buildings d. (a and b)
18. Important developments in ancient human history happened near Erbil. Therefore --------- .
a. it may hold important secrets about our ancient human past.
b.it was the center of trade c. it has many beautiful buildings d. (b and c)
19. Some of the most important developments in human history were made in this region by
early civilizations, like -------------------
a. the start of farming b. the start of construction c. the invention of writing d. (a and c)
20. 2014. Primary: It is thought that the mound of Erbil's ancient citadel contains ---------------
a- remains of Kurdistan. b- remains of many cities.
c- lots of buried money. d- UNESCO's list of world heritage.
21. Most of the Citadel’s wonderful buildings are damaged and many could collapse, so -------
a. almost all the buildings need urgent repairs. b. all buildings don’t need repairs
c. almost all buildings need damaging d. none of them
st
22. 2015. 1 : It is believed that the archaeological sites below the citadel have been seriously
damaged by -----------
a. the height of its mound b. water c. the early civilizations d. UNESCO and HCECR
23. ISHIK 2015: Which one of the following is correct about the Citadel?
a. The Citadel contains lots of buried money. b. HCECR is part of UNESCO.
c. Some of the most important developments in history were made in this region.
d. The mound is perfectly circular.

24. 2015. Primary: HCECR is ---------- a. part of UNESCO b. the name of Erbil citadel
c. a Kurdish organization d. a conservation project
25. --------- is a government organization which has been set up to protect the Erbil Citadel.
a. UNESCO b. HCECR c. UNESEF d. (a and b)
26. --------- agree that the citadel must not be allowed to die.
a. UNESCO b. HCECR c. UNESEF d. (a and b)
27. HCECR and UNESCO both agree that the Citadel and its mound must be protected. As a
result ------------ plan has been prepared.
a. a conservation b. development c. both of them d. none of them
28. ------------- is also being considered for UNESCO’s list of world Heritage sites which include,
for example, the Pyramids and Stonehenge.
a. Erbil Museum b. Erbil Citadel c. Erbil Library d. Khufu
29. In early --------, a $13million program of conservation and repairs was agreed with -------.
a. 2011 / UNESCO b. 2010 / HCECR c. 8000 / UNESCO d. 2010 / UNESCO
What on earth are we going to do about food
1. Sam Carter was ------------ a. a director of Only One World b. a Museum director
c. Azad’s English teacher d. an oil scientist
st
2. 2012. Pri. / 2013. 1 : By 2050, the human population will be increased by nearly --------
a- two thirds b- a fifth c- a quarter d- a third
3. By 2050, the human population will --------
a.be three times greater b. rise by about 30% c. increase by three billion d. none of them
4. We had better prepare urgently for 2050 because -----------
a. the land can grow nothing b. human population will be increased by nearly a third
c. farming will never succeed. d. (a and b)
5. 2013. 2nd: The world will soon face a food crisis because -------
a- the water turns salty b- the land could grow nothing
c- farmers grow two intensive crops d- the population rises
st
6. 2015. 1 : We have only a small amount of -------- to produce the food we will need.
a. land and water b. cotton and corn c. crops and grassland d. Hydroponics and GM
7. If we try to get too much food production from our limited resources of ------------- , we may
reduce them even more. a. land b. water c. hydroponics d. (a and b)
8. If land is overused and not farmed sustainably, -------------------
a. it will turn into desert. b. the water became salty c. dust storms will happen d. (a and c)
9. 2017. Elementary: If land is --------- and not farmed sustainably, it will often turn into -------.
a- GM / hydroponics b- overused / desert c- wet / desert d- 30% / grassland

10.Over a century ago, ‘Oklahoma Dust Bowl’ in the American ‘Great Plains’ this enormous
grassland was replaced by ---------------- which were grown very intensively .
a. corn b. cotton c. crops and grassland d. (a and b)
nd
11.2017.2 : The Oklahoma Dust Bowl was ------------over a century ago.
a-an ancient desert b- a new farmland c- an ancient grassland d- woodland
12.The “Oklahoma Dust Bowl” disaster shows that it can be very dangerous to -------------
a. plant multiple crops b. create new farmland c. plant corn and cotton d. none of them
13.Sadly, the lessons from “Oklahoma Dust Bowl” have not been properly learned, and in ------
today similar things are happening. a. China b. Australia c. Africa d. all of them
14.When the hot droughts of the --------- s, the crops (corn and cotton) which were grown very
intensively died, and this was a disaster for millions of American farmers.
a. 1930 b. 1940 c. 1950 d. 1960
15.Sam carter believes that --------------------
a- new farmland must be farmed carefully b- the land should have remained grassland
c- there is no solution for the coming food crisis d- farming on new land can never succeed
16.2014. 1st: Scientists believe that-----------
a- new farmland must be farmed carefully b- the land should have remained grassland
c- there is no solution for the coming food crisis d- farming on new land can never succeed
17.2013. 2nd: If only the farmers had used less intensive techniques ------------
a- the disaster might largely happened. b- the disaster might largely have been avoided.
c. crops can grow in deep space d. (a and c)
18. If only the farmers had used ------------- the disaster might largely have been avoided.
a. less intensive techniques b. not farmed just two crops c. both of them d. none of them
19. 2012. 1st / 2013/2016 Primary: Millions of people left Oklahoma because -----------
a. the land could grow nothing. b- the dust storms were terrible
c- the water became salty. d- farming had never succeeded there.
20.Those dust storms would never have happened if --------------
a. the grassland had remained. b. the farmers overused the land.
c. with GM crops. d. the population rise by 30%.
21.2012. Pri: GM is abbreviated to (stands for) ------------
a. Genetically Modified. b. General Members c. Hydroponics d. (a and c)
22.Scientists can now add useful genes from one plant to another to create something that
may ----------------- than its natural parents.
a. produce more fruit b. resist disease better c. use less water d. all of them
st
23.2012. 1 : With the use of GM scientists can create plants that -------------
a. produce more fruit b. resist disease better c. use less water d. all of them
nd
24.2016. 2 : With the use of GM the scientists can create plants that produce more fruit that
--------- a. resist disease b. grow in liquid c. use less water d. both (a and c)
25.Many people believe that ---------- could help produce the food we will need because genes
can be added to plants to help them resist disease for example.
a. Hydroponics b. GM c. (a and b) d. neither (a nor b)

26.2015. Sample: Scientists can now add useful genes from one plant to another to --------------
a. reduce the limited resources b. create new plants
c. create new farmlands d. grow plant in salt water
27.There are worries that weeds could reproduce with -----------------crops.
a. Hydroponics b. GM c. if farmers use less intensive techniques d. (a and b)
nd
28.2012. 2 : With the use of hydroponics we can now ----------
a. grow crops in many places without soil. b. create new plants
c. reduce the limited resources d. (a and b)
29.2016. 1st: With the use of hydroponics we ----------

a. can eat less meat and buy more vegetables b. will face a food crisis
c. can grow crops in a million places without soil d. cannot grow crops in huge containers
30.With Hydroponics ------------ itself is not important to plants.
a. water b. soil c. grassland d. all of them
31.With -------- we can grow crops in many places without soil.
a. GM b. Hydroponics c. (a and b) d. none
32.With hydroponics we can now grow crops in ------------
a. deep space b. salt water c.many places without soil. d. none of them
33.With hydroponics we can now grow crops in a million places ----------- -even in huge
containers out at sea. a. with soil b. without soil c. fresh water d. none of them
34.Sam Carter is clearly ----------------
a. for GM b. against GM
c. interested in other possible answer to the food crises d. against hydroponics
35.Plants will be grown in liquids as long as they get ------------
a. hot b. oxygen c. soil’s nutrients d. (b and c)
36. When plants are grown in liquids, which contains soil nutrients and also oxygen they
actually grow ----------- than plants in ordinary soil.
a. better and slower b. worse and faster c. better and faster d. worse and slower
37.One of the solutions to the food crisis may be hydroponics, which uses ------, not -----------,
to provide the nutrients and oxygen that plants need.
a. soil / liquid b. water / oxygen c. liquid / soil d. (b and c)
38.If humans ever lived in deep space or on Mars, they would grow their crops with ------------
a. GM b. hydroponics c. (a and b) d. neither (a nor b)
39.If farming with ------------ is developed quickly and on a large scale, it could be the solution
to our future food crisis. a. GM b. hydroponics c. water d. soil
Fibre Optics

1. Until a few years ago, most international signals were sent via ------------
a. fibre optics b. photophone c. telephone d. satellite
nd
2. 2017.2 : Most international phone signals were sent by ----------------.
a. satellite b. fibre optics c. the first website d. one social site
3. Fibre optics is now being used much more ------------
a. for buying things b. for chatting c. to carry communications d. (b and c)
4. The thin glass fibres, which can ---------------, are not a new invention.
a. transmit signals slowly b. transmit signals at the speed of light
c. buy almost anything online d. (a and c)
5. The thin glass fibres (Fibre optics), which can transmit signals at the speed of light are not a
new invention because they were used ------------------ by Alexander Graham Bell
a. in the telephone b. in the photophone
c. for transmitting signals at the speed of light d. to carry communications
st
6. 2012. 1 : Alexander Graham Bell invented ------------ telephone and photophone
nd
7. 2014. 2 : Alexander Graham Bell invented ------------
a- the photo phone in 1875. b- the photo phone and the telephone in the same year.
c- the first website in 1991. d. the telephone before the photo phone.
8. Alexander Graham Bell invented telephone in ------------
a. 1960 b. 1875 c. 1880 d. 1970
9. Alexander Graham Bell invented photophone in ------------
a. 1960 b. 1875 c. 1880 d. 1970
10. Alexander Graham Bell produced many ideas, his ------------, for example, introduced
the use of basic fibre optics in 1880.
a. telephone b. world wide web c. photophone d. first website
st
11. 2012. 1 : Fiber optics became important in medicine so as to ----- look inside human body
12. 2015. Sample: Fiber optics was used in the 20th century in --------- purposes.
a. long distance b. Apollo spacecraft c. telecommunications d. medicine
13. 2016.Primary: From the early ------------- fiber optics became important in medicine.
a- twentieth century b- 1960s c- 1875 d- 1991
14. 2017. Elementry: With the use fiber optics in ----------doctors could look inside the ----------.
a- space / human bod b- communications / photophone c-medicine / human body d- both (a + b)
15. Doctors wanted to use fibre optics to look inside the human body so that they could --------
a. discover diseases and help people better. b. chat with other doctors
c. use it over long distances d. use it on the Apollo spacecraft
16. In the 1960s and 70s scientists improved the technology in order to use fibre-optics --------
a. in the medicine b. over long distances
c. on the Apollo space craft d. to carry communications

st
17. 2017.1 : ------------ regarded fibre optics as top secret used it over long distances.
A. Alexander Graham Bell B. Tim Berners Lee C. NASA D. UNESCO
18. NASA, which regarded fibre optics as ‘top secret’, used fibre optics -------------
a. in the medicine b. over long distances
c. on the Apollo space craft d. to carry communications
19. NASA, which regarded fibre optics as ‘top secret’, used it on the Apollo spacecraft that
landed on the moon in ---------- a. 1875 b. 1960 c. 1970 d. 1969
nd
20. 2015. 2 : The biggest step that fibre optics technology saw was when they ------------------
a. used it over long distances b. used it in medicine
c. invented school net system d. invented the photophone
21. The modern digital age began with the first website in ------------
a. 1969 b. 1970 c. 1991 d. 1880
22. The first website was invented by Tim Berners Lee in -----------
a. 1969 b. 1970 c. 1991 d. 1880
nd
23. 2013. Pri. / 2012. 2 : Tim Berners Lee invented the first website in order to ---------
a. chat to friends b. share information with other scientists
c. sell goods online d. buy almost everything online
nd
24. 2013. 2 : Tim Berners Lee used the first website to ---------
a. share information with other scientists b. chat with friends
c. sell goods online d. send signals at the speed of light
25. 2014. Pri: The British computer scientist Tim Burners Lee invented -------------
a- fiber optics. b- telephone and the photo phone.
c- school net system d. world wide web
26. The first website was developed so that scientists could ----------------
a. share information more easily b. chat with friends
27. 2015. Primary: The ------------ was invented by Tim Berners Lee in 1991.
a. telephone and the photo phone b. world wide web
c. school net system d. facebook and my space
nd
28. 2016. 2 : The ------------ was invented by ------------- in 1991.
a- WWW/Graham Bell b- School Net / Tim Berners
c- WWW / Tim Berners d- photophone / Graham Bell
29. The internet really took off (became really successful )globally ---------
a. before 2000 b. after 2000 c. in 1999 d. before the late 1970s.
30. Though billions of dollars are made through world wide web, ------------- gave it to the
world for free. a. Alexander Graham Bell b. Tim Berners Lee c. (a and b) d. none
nd
31. 2012. 2 : Before the late 1970s there was no internet ----------
now there is no escape from it

32. With millions of websites such as Wikipedia, which is a free encyclopedia, the internet
remains a wonderful source -----------
a. of information b. for buying things online c. of shopping d. for chatting with friends
33. You can buy almost anything online from -------------
a. social sites b. Wikipedia c. shopping websites d. school net system
nd
34. 2016. 2 : One of the uses of the internet is for shopping for example ------------
a- Amazon b- Face book c- School Net d- Wikipidia
35. People join social sites so as to ---------------
a. share information b. buy things online
c. support education d. chat to friends or people with similar interests
36. 2017. Pri: One of the uses of the internet is for social purposes for instance -----------.
a- Amazon b- School Net c- Wikipidia d- face book
37. 2017.2nd: Face Book and my space represent the use of the internet for ---------.
a. education b. social c. shopping d. none
38. Internet supports ---------, for example with SchoolNet, which provides both information
and interactive sites for schools to share.
a. shopping b. medicine c. education d. social sites
39. 2015. Pri. SchoolNet system was one of the uses of the internet for ---------- purposes.
a. social uses b. shopping c. education d. information
st
40. 2017.1 : An example of shopping website is ----------- but school Net is an example of -------.
a. social sites / Wikipedia b. My space / Amazon
c. Wikipedia / education d. Amazon / education
41. SchoolNet system provides ---------------sites for schools to share.
a. information b. interactive c. (a and b) d. none of them
st
42. 2016. 1 : The SchoolNet system was first developed -----------
a. by Alexander Graham Bell b. in Canada
c. to be used over long distances d. in 1969
43. SchoolNet system was first developed in Canada so as to -----------
a. bring the outside world to schools in small communities. b. chat with friends
st
44. 2014. 1 : In Canada, teachers had to build a system which connected ---------------
a- schools and social sites b- friends and people with similar interests
c- schools and libraries d- teachers and students
45. SchoolNet in Canada took ------- years to develop. a. ten b. twenty c. twelve d. five
46. After ten years work, SchoolNet system was launched (started made open for everyone to use) in ----
and it was a big success. a. after 2000 b. 1999 c. the late 1970s d. 1991
47. Teachers spent ten years checking and choosing websites in order to -----------------------------
a. make sure that the websites were suitable for educational purposes. b. chat with friends

48. Today, SchoolNet has gone global and helps ---------- students in ------- countries.
a. 2,000 / 34 b. 34 / 2,000,000 c. 2,000,000 / 34 d. 34,000,000 /24
49. 2015. Sample: It is not a good idea to give the students ---------------
a. total freedom on the internet b. access the websites that the ministry of education
has accepted. c. SchoolNet system access d. the chance to use the SchoolNet
50. 2015. 2nd: Some people argue for ------------. However it is also possible to argue
against it.
a- The use of school net system b- completely free access to the internet
b- both of them d- not using the new technology in education processes
51. It is a good idea to give the students ---------------
a. access the websites that the ministry of education has accepted.
b. SchoolNet system access c. the chance to use the SchoolNet d. all of them
KURDISTAN’S DARKEST HOUR
1. 2015. Pri: Chris Carr worked as a ----------

a. website designer b. newspaper reporter c. museum director d. soil scientist
2. Reporter Chris Carr has turned from the open freedom of the Youth Conference to focus on
-------- a part of the world that until recently was not free at all.
a. Halabja b. New York c. Kurdistan d. Balisan and Shekh Wassanan
3. They say the darkest hour is the hour -------------, and this is very true of Kurdistan.
a. before evening b. before midnight c. before dawn d. after dawn
4. For the --------, the sun is now rising on a bright new day, but they will never forget their ----
a. Arabs / darkest hour b. Kurds / brightest c. Kurds / darkest hour d. Arabs / brightest
5. “darkest hour” for Kurds means -------------
a. the years of death and destruction that Saddam Hussein brought them and all of Iraq.
b. the years after uprising c. the years after falling Saddam’s government d. (a and b)
nd
6. 2015. 2 : ------------ suffered under Saddam’s cruel government.
a. only Kurdistan and the Kurdish people b. Halaja, Shekh Wassanan and Balisan
c. all of Iraq d. none of them
7. Before travelling to Kurdistan, Chris Carr ---------------
a. expected to write about the past b. knew very little about the Anfal
c. wanted to tell people in his country about the Anfal d. invited Dr. Haval to his house
8. Anfal means -----------------
a. Saddam’s government b. Saddam’s genocide against the Kurds
c. the hour before dawn d. atrocity after atrocity under Saddam’s cruel government
9. 2015. Sample: Chris Carr first wanted to write about the ------------
a. Anfal in his newspaper. b. museum and his friend Haval.
c. rapid development in Kurdistan. d. Atrocity after atrocity under Saddam’s government.
10.Before travelling to Kurdistan, Chris Carr had planned to write about the -----------------------
a. Anfal in his newspaper. b. Kurdistan’s recent rapid development
c. past of Kurds d. Atrocity after atrocity under Saddam’s government.
11.2016.2nd: Chris Carr travelling to Kurdistan and was planning to write about -----------
a- how Kurdistan developed b- the museum c- the Anfal d- the photos of the Anfal
12.Chris Carr had planned to write about the Kurdistan’s recent rapid development but his
plans changed while -----------------------
a. visiting Dr. Haval Sherzad’s (museum) house b. looking at the terrible pictures
c. atrocity after atrocity under Saddam’s government happened. d. travelling to Kurdistan
13.Saddam’s genocide against the Kurds continued from --------- to ---------
a. 1983 /1988 b. 1979 / 1987 c. 1979 / 1988 d. 1979 / 1980
14.Saddam’s genocide against the Kurds continued for ---------- years.

a. eight b. nine c. ten d. seven
st
15.2017.1 : Dr. Haval Sherzad was a -------------
a. an education expert b. museum director c. a website designer d. one of Azad’s audience
16.On arriving in Erbil, Dr. Haval invited Chris Carr to -------------------
a. his museum for looking at pictures c. write about Anfal in his newspaper
b. his home for dinner d. write about Kurdistan’s recent rapid development
17.2014. Pri.: While eating, Dr Haval Sherzad and Chris Carr talked about ----------------
a- the recent rapid developments in Kurdistan. b-the long history of the Kurdish people.
c- the photos of Anfal. d- the museums plan for future.
18.After Dr. Haval and Chris Carr talked about the long history of Kurdish people, Chris --------
a. learned that Kurds had always suffered war and persecution.
b. promised to write about Kurdistan’s recent rapid development.
c. wanted to write about museum director, Dr. Haval Sherzad.
d. quietly said, ‘May be humans will learn.”
19.2017.2nd: Chris Carr learned that the Kurds always suffered ---------------------.
a- war and persecution b- Anfal and rapid developments
c- Chemical weapons and Dr. Haval d- the photos.
20.Dr. Haval wanted Chris Carr to ----------------
a. collect the photos of Anfal b. tell people in his country about the Anfal
c. open a permanent exhibition c. looking at the photos of Anfal
st
21.2014. 1 : Chris Car promised to help the Kurdish people by ---------------
a- writing about the Anfal in his newspaper b- looking at the photos of the Anfal
c- visiting Dr. Haval at the museum d- writing about the rapid developments in Kurdistan

22.Chris Carr was horrified as Dr. Haval Sherzad quietly told him about ---------------------
a. atrocity after atrocity under Saddam’s cruel government
b. the long history of Kurdish people
c. Kurdistan’s recent rapid development d. all of them
23.The first stage of Saddam’s government atrocity against Kurds happened in ------- when
hundreds of thousands of Kurds in Arab areas simply disappeared.
a. 1979-80 b. 1983 c. 1987 d. 1988
24.The second stage of Saddam’s government atrocity against Kurds happened in ------- when
villages in Kurdistan were destroyed and 8,000 Barzanies were buried alive.
a. 1979-80 b. 1983 c. 1987 d. 1988
25.The third stage of Saddam’s government atrocity against Kurds happened in ---- and -----
Saddam used horrific chemical weapons.
a. 1979 / 1980 b. 1987 / 1988 c. 1990 / 1991 d.1983 / 1984
26.In 1987 and 1988, Saddam used horrific chemical weapons first on ---------- and -----------
and then on ---------
a. Balisan / Shekh Wassanan / Halabja b. Halabja / Shekh Wassanan / Balisan
c. Shekh Wassanan / Balisan / Barzan d. Shekh Wassanan / Balisan / Halabja
27.In 1979 -1988 there were also massacres in many other parts of Kurdistan, ---------- people
died and -------- villages were destroyed.
a. 82,000 / 5,000 b. 138,000 / 4,000 c. 182,000 / 5,000 d. 182,000 / 4,500
28.Dr. Haval didn’t answer Chris Carr’s final question because --------------
a. he had no answer b. it’s hard to talk about it
c. the photos of the Anfal are the answer to his question. d. none of them
29.The large box Dr. Haval brought back to show Chris Carr contains -----------
a. photos of the Anfal from all over the Kurdistan b. photos of destroyed villages
c. photos of disappeared people d. photos of visitors
30.The museum was collecting photos of the Anfal -----------------
a. for a permanent exhibition b. to show Kurdistan’s recent rapid development
c. to answer the questions d. to talk about the long history of Kurdish people
31.The museum was collecting photos of the Anfal for a permanent exhibition because ---------
a. it’ll be a memorial to all who suffered and died b. they use them as a document
c. they want to show them to suffered people d. none of them
st
32.2016. 1 : The museum was collecting photos of the Anfal -----------------
a. to help Chris Carr in his report b. to be put in a large box
c. to be a memorial to those who suffered and died d. none of these
33.2013. 2nd: The museum had planned to -----------
a- invite Chris car for lunch b- sell the photos of Anfal to the visitors
c- show photos of Anfal to its visitors d- write about Kurdistan’s rapid changes

34.After letting Chris Carr look at the terrible pictures, he quietly said, ‘----------------------‘
a. can all this really be true? b. May be humans will learn
c. if the world sees what really happened d. (a and b)
35.“If the world sees what really happened, then maybe, just maybe, humans will learn never
again to do these terrible things to each other” this statement was said by -------------
a. Dr. Haval Sherzad b. Chris Carr c. Azad Qadir d. Dr. Nasreen Kareem
Listening unit
1. 2017. Elementry: Mrs. Kate Reilly was ---------------

a. a website designer b. an education expert c. Azad’s English teacher d. a help desk advisor
2. Dr. Nasreen Kareem was -------------------------
a. a soil scientist b. a cultural exchange organizer and Mrs. Kate’s cousin
c. Azad Qadir’s English teacher d. a museum director
3. Azad Qadir is in -------- year at the ---------- university in -----------
a. second / American / Duhok b. third / American / Erbil
c. first / Silemani / Silemani d. third / American / Silemani
st
4. 2013. 1 : Azad Qadir was going to New York in order to -----------
a- meet Stella b- study English c- attend a world youth conference d- find a job there
5. The World Youth Conference started in --- with over ----- representatives from ----countries.
a. Manhattan / 2,000 / 176 b. New York / 1,500 / 167
c. Brooklyn / 2,000 / 176 d. Staten Island / 176 / 2,000
6. The World Youth Conference opened by the Mayor of -----------------
a. Manhattan b. New York c. Staten Island d. Brooklyn
nd
7. 2015. 2 : The World Youth Conference was in ------ and it was opened with a speech by ----
a. Kurdistan / Azad Qadir b. New York / the organizer
c. Manhattan / the mayor of New York d. Suleimani / Rasa Gomez
8. Stella was -----------------
a. Mrs. Reilly’s New York cousin and she was a student b. a farmer
c. third year student in American university in Silemani d. Azad Qadir’s English teacher
9. 2015. Sample: Azad used the ---------- .
a. email to call his teacher b. Skype to call Mrs. Reilly
c. mobile to make contact with Kate. d. Skype to call Stella.
10. Azad Qadir was worried because --------------
a. Mrs. Spoke to Stella by phone b. he thought Stella won’t have time to show him around
c. he was preparing his conference presentation d. Mrs. Reilly emailed Stella.
11. Mrs. Reilly -----------between her two conversations with Azad Qadir.
a. spoke to Stella by phone b. emailed Stella
c. send Stella a message d. used Skype to call Stella

12. ---------------asked ----------- to contact Azad.
a. Stella / Mrs. Reilly b. Mrs. Reilly / Stella c. Tara Jaff / Stella d. Stella / Tara
13. Stella tried to keep ---------------- open to meet Azad Qadir.
a. Friday or Saturday b. Wednesday or Thursday c. Sunday d. Monday or Tuesday
14. The title of the conference in New York, which Azad Qadir went into was ---------------------
a- Building A new Kurdistan b. Oil and water resources in the Middle East
c. Action for a better world d- Top priorities of 2025
15. 2016.Primary: The World Youth Conference programme was called -------------.
a- Our World Today b- Action for a better world and development in every continent
c- Education in South Africa d- The world’s top priorities for 2025
16. 2016.Primary: Azad Qadir couldn’t visit -------------- while he was in New York.
a- the Empire State Building b- Stella c- the Statue of liberty d- Staten Island
17. The first presentation of Azad Qadir at the youth conference was -----------------
a. Our World Today b. Oil and water resources in the Middle East
c. Building the new Kurdistan d. The world’s top priorities for 2025
st
18. 2015. 1 : The second presentation of Azad Qadir at the youth conference was ---------------
19. The last big conference (meeting) discussion of Azad Qadir was ---------------
20. Azad Qadir gave his first presentation on ----------------

a. Tuesday at 3 a.m. b. Thursday at 2 p.m. c. Tuesday at 2 p.m. d. Wednesday at 2 a.m.
21. Azad Qadir heard all about Stella from ---------
a. Dr. Haval Sherzad b. Dr. Nasreen Kareem c. Mrs. Kate Reilly d. Layla Jaff
22. Azad Qadir was taking --------- a. English b. French c. none of them d. (a and b)
23. Azad Qadir stayed at ------------ in New York.
a. Big Apple motel b. Big Apple Hostel c. Big Apple Hotel d. Big Apple House
24. ---------- was the person who’s from Iraq and disagreed with Leon Beck from Germany
about making health and a good diet for all children our top priority.
a. Maria Delgado b. Tessa Stone c. Azad Qadir d. Rosa Gomez
25. ---------- was the person who’s from Iraq and agreed that they must first deal with the
climate change crisis. a. Maria Delgado b. Tessa Stone c. Azad Qadir d. Rosa Gomez
What happens at the airport?

26.Ishik. 2015: In the airport, first you have to check in your luggage and then, ---------------
A. hand in the landing card. B. get your boarding pass.
C. go through Customs. D. show your passport.
27. You have to Show your passport and boarding pass ----------------
a. at Passport Control. b. at the Departure Lounge
c. at the Customs d. at Immigration
28. You have to go through Security then -------------------
a. go to the Departure Lounge. b. go through passport control
c. go through Customs d. hand in the landing card at Immigration
29. 2014. 1st: You have to fill in a landing card before --------------
a- you get your boarding pass b- you go through passport control
c- your plane lands d- you check in your luggage
nd
30. 2016.2 : You have to Show your passport and hand in the landing card ----------------
a. before your plane lands. b. at Immigration office
c. and go through customs d. and get your boarding pass.
31. You have to pick up your luggage then -----------
a. go to the Departure Lounge. b. go through passport control
c. go through Customs d. hand in the landing card at Immigration
32.Avan: I haven’t got my --------- with me. Do we have double geography on Monday?
Arazw: That’s right. It’s second and third periods.
a. diary b. timetable c. project d. calendar
nd
33.2015. 2 : It seems that this year my school --------- will be busier than last year.
a. timetable b. diary c. schedule d. calendar
34.Ako: How long have we got for our project? / Lyn: According to my ---------- , we have from
November the fifth till November the thirtieth.
a. diary b. timetable c. project d. calendar
35.2014. 1st: We are using this new ------- to find out the holidays and the important dates.
(diary – calendar)‫رؤذميَر‬
36.Azad: Let’s check our ------------ together. / Ako: Right. We’re going to produce our
project outline by Friday the ninth, aren’t we?
a. diary b. timetable c. calendar d. work scheduale
37.Avo: When’s the final deadline for the project? / Lizan: According to my -------- , it’s at one
p.m. on Friday the thirtieth. a. diary b. timetable c. project d. calendar
38. Grade 12 student Layla Jaff was ---- when she passed her friend and neighbour Steve Hall.
a. going to the Dale High School bus stop b. at the Dale High School
c. on her way to the school sports field d. at the test Hall

39. Grade 12 student Layla was carrying her school bag, but Steve thought -----------------
a. she was doing too much work for one evening. b. she was too relaxed about her test
c. she was doing something right d. she failed her last tests.
40. Grade 12 student Steve Hall was ------- , however Layla thinks that Steve should revise for.
a. going to football practice b. going to do his final tests
c. going to the Dale High School d. a bit too anxious about his final tests
41. Grade 12 student Steve Hall ----------------
a. failed the last tests b. was too relaxed about his exam
c. left all his revision till the night before the exam d. all of them
st
42.2014. 1 : Grade 12 student Layla Jaff ----------------------
a- was too relaxed about her exam b- failed the last test
c- left all her revision till the night before the exam d- was too anxious about her exam
43.2017. Elementry: Grade 12 student ----------was too anxious about her exams.
a- Layla Jaff b- Tara Atta c- Steve Hall d- Carla Green
44.Grade 12 student Layla Jaff thought ---------- didn’t do enough work for the test.
a. Steve Hall b. Chris Carr c. Azad Qadir d. Rosa Gomez
45.Grade 12 student Steve Hall thought ----------.
a. Layla was getting stressed out and she’d burn out
b. Layla was too relaxed about her test
c. the books which Layla brought back home to revise were too much for one evening
d. (a and c)
46. 2017.1st: Steve Hall thought that Layla’s bag looked heavy because -------------.
a. she was too anxious b. she was on her way on the bus stop
c. he was carrying his sports bag d. she was taking all her science books home
47. Grade 12 student Layla has got a heavy bag because -----------------
a. She’s taking books home to revise for exams b. she failed the last tests
c. she is going to the school sports field d. she was too relaxed about the tests
48. Tarra Atta is -----------------
a. a Kurdish student b. an exchange student who is visiting Kurdistan
49. Emma Wood is -----------------
a. a Kurdish student b. an exchange student who is visiting Kurdistan
50. -----------invited --------- out to a quiet valley in the country for a picnic.
a. Emma Wood / Tara Atta b. Tara Atta / Mrs. Reilly
c. Tara Atta / Emma Wood d. Stella / Azad Qadir

51.The view from the cave which Emma and Tara went to was very good, people could stand
in the cave and look down the valley to ----------------
a. the old Silk Road. b. the Citadel c. the museum d. New York
52.A long time ago people could have looked down on the ----------- as they carried their
goods ---------- along the valley.
a. rich merchants / on camels b. poor people / by truck
c. simple people / by car d. rich merchants / by tractors
53.Tara Atta and Emma Wood had found ----------- , and it contained coins and other treasure.
a. an old rectangular metal box which was falling to pieces.
b. an old rectangular metal box which was safe.
c. a new rectangular box which was falling to pieces.
d. an old triangular box which was falling to pieces.
54.The box which Tara Atta and Emma Wood found in the cave contained -------------------------
a. coins and other treasure b. photos of the Anfal
c. a book and a rolled up of paper d. all of them
55.2014. 2nd: The Silk Road merchants used -------------
a- metal boxes falling to pieces. b- fiber optics to carry communications.
c- camels to carry their goods. d- block stones to build the Stonehenge.
56. ------------suggested eating lunch by a cave.
a. Emma Wood b. Tara Atta c. Layla Jaff d. Rich merchants
57. Tara Atta and Emma Wood found the -------------- in the floor of the cave.
a. new metal box b. old metal box c. photos of the Anfal d. fiber optics
58. The merchant left his treasure in a cave because ----------------------

a. he may have wanted to protect it from an attack. b. he didn’t need it.
c. he wanted to buy the cave d. he wanted to attack people
nd
59.2015. 2 : The rich merchant couldn’t live through his treasure because -----------------------
a. he didn’t come back to take it b. he took it to Chris Carr
c. he used camel d. there was nothing unusual
60.Tara and Emma must have --------------------- since the day of the picnic.
a. contacted the museum b. told staff about the treasure
c. taken the metal box to the museum d. all of them

61.When Tara and Emma visited the museum they were shown the ----------- where the
treasure was being cleaned and studied.
a. conservation laboratory b. citadel c. Photos of the Anfal d. Silk Road
62.In the conservation laboratory the treasure was ------------
a. cleaned and studied b. found by Tara and Emma
c. shown in a special exhibition about the Silk Road. d. all of them
63. The treasure which Tara and Emma found will be ------------------------ by the museum.
a. cleaned and studied b. broken into pieces
c. shown in a special exhibition about the Silk Road. d. (a and c)
64.Merchants -------------- to buy and sell the goods they were carrying.
a. usually agreed a value for their goods and then exchanged them
b. used money sometimes c. (a and b) d. neither (a nor b)
65.The Silk Road was a very important part of the past because of the ----------------------
a. goods that people carried east and west
b. inventions, crafts and techniques that they introduced from one culture to another
c. (a and b) d. none of them
66.Fireworks invented by ------------- and that was an invention that travelled from ---------------
a. Chinese / west to east c. Chinese / east to west
b. Egyptians / west to east d. Indians / east to west
67.Glass-making was a craft which was popular in --------- and it travelled from ---------
a. Persia / west to east c. Chine / east to west
b. Egypt / west to east d. India / east to west
68.Paper-making was a secret --------- tried to keep, but after hundreds of years the technique
reached the Middle East and then Europe. a. Indians b. chinese c. Arabs d. Persians
69.Rug-making travelled (went) from -------------- and the Chinese learned that craft from the
people of the Middle East.
a. east to west b. west to east c. north to south d. south to north
70.------ were the first to produce printed books, which was an extremely important invention.
a. Persians b. Arabs c. Indians d. Chinese
71.--------- spread from the Middle East to many places farther east along the Silk Road.
a. Buddhism b. Islam c. Christianity d. (b and c)
72.-------- started in India but spread north to Tibet and then east to China – and to most
other parts of East Asia. a. Buddhism b. Islam c. Christianity d. (b and c)
73.2016. 1st: Decide who probably said this: “Your discussions this week will help to shape
the future of our world, so let me just say again that New York offers you a huge welcome!
a. The mayor of New York b. Stella c. a tourist in New York d. a member of Azad’s audience
74.2017. Elementry: “I’d like to ask this roughly how big is the population of Iraqi Kurdistan?”
this sentence was said by -------------.
a. The mayor of New York b. Alhaji Buhari c. Rosa Gomez d. one of Azad’s audience
75.Decide who probably said this and where: “Wow! Look at the lights! You know, people like
me only really see New York when we show visitors round.”
a. Stella to Azad at the Empire State Building
b. The Mayor of New York when he opened the youth conference
c. a tourist in New York d. a member of Azad’s audience at Azad’s presentation
76.Decide who probably said this and where: “What? You mean we’ve waited three hours to
get here and we can’t even go up inside the Statue any more?”
a. Stella to Azad at the Empire State Building
77.Decide who probably said this and where: “Welcome back, Azad. Now, I’d like you to give
our English class a short presentation on your experiences in New York.”
a. Kate Reilly at college in Kurdistan after Azad’s return from New York.
nd
78.2017.2 : “Welcome back, Azad. Now, I’d like you to give our English class a short
presentation on your experiences in New York.” Decide who probably said this:
a. The Mayor of New York b. Stella c. Kate Reilly d. Tarra Atta
-----------------------------------
The End of first course ‫كؤتايى كؤرسى يةكةم‬
79. The total area of land is only ---------- of the global surface area, which is approximately ---
------- of the surface area of sea.
a. 25% / a third b. 75% / three quarters c. 50% / half d. 30% / a third
80.Biologically productive land is the land where ------------------
a. plants and animals can live b. plants can live but animals can’t
c. animals can live but plants can’t d. neither plants nor animals can live
81.Out of the total amount of productive land, Farmland is just ------- which is exactly ----- the
area of open grassland.
a. 13% / half b. 26% / twice c. 32% / equal to d. 1.5% / three times
82.------ which includes intensive crop production, can only use the best, most productive land.
a. Grassland b. Farmland c. Forests d. Urban areas
83.--------- is the water that we can use, which is a very small part of the world’s water.
a. Fresh water b. Salt water c. (a and b) d. neither (a nor b)

84. The water in lakes and rivers is called ---------
a. active water b. ground water c. water in the form of ice d. (a and c)
85.The ------------ is the water which we can get out of the land, and out of the total amount of
fresh water, this is just over 23%.
86.Most of the ---------- is in Antarctica which is over three times the amount of groundwater
and active water together, and we can’t use it because it’s too far away.
87.Neelam Reddy was a ----------------- in a rural northern India.
a. soil scientist b. house wife and mother c. help desk advisor d. farmer
88.Joseph Nujoma was a ------------------ in Namibia, SW Africa.
a. soil scientist b. house wife and mother c. help desk advisor d. farmer
89.Maria Rodas was a ------------------ in Guatemala, Central America.
a. an soil scientist b. a house wife and mother c. a help desk advisor d. a farmer
90.Thirty years ago, we went down 20 metres for ground water to irrigate our crops, now
the --------------- is 200 metres down - Ten times deeper!
a. corn and cotton b. corn c. grassland d. water table
91.If we take far too much water from the water table, ----------------------
a- the earth is getting hotter and drier. b- the water turns salty.
c- animals will feed freely. d- human population will rise.
92.If the water turns salty, --------------------
a- the earth is getting hotter and drier. b- farming will disappear.
c- animals will feed freely. d- human population will rise.
93.This area used to be grassland and people here ------------------------
a. let the human population rise. b. used 40% of their income.
c. let the water turns salty. d. let their animals move round and feed freely.
nd
94.2014. 2 : The rising human population means -----------------------------
a- to save money and buy less vegetables. b- the water turns salty.
c-too many animals. d- the rain will stop and the land will become a desert.
nd
95.2016. 2 : The ------------ means too many animals and so the plant cover is all being eaten.
a- hot weather b- nature and salt water
c- rising human population d- grassland and the limited resources.
96.2015. Pri: Without the plant cover or the grassland the earth will get -----------
a. wetter and hotter b. drier but cooler c. both of them d. none of them
97.2016.Primary: The Without the ----------- the land will become hotter and drier.
a- salt water b- corn and cotton c- plant cover d- underground water
a. hotter and drier b. wetter and cooler c. both of them d. none of them

nd
98.2015. 2 : Without the grassland the earth is getting -----------
a. hotter and wetter b. drier and wetter c. cooler and drier d. hotter and drier
99.If the earth and the air above gets hotter and drier, ---------------------
a. animals will feed freely c. the rain will stop and the landwill become a desert
b. the water will turn salty d. we’re buying less meat and eating more vegetables
100. 2013. 1st: When the rain stops -------------------
a- the land will become desert. b- water turns salty.
c- animals will feed freely. d- farmers will create new farmland.
101. It used to take ------- of our income to feed the family, but now Maria spend more than
----- a. 40% / half b.30% / a third c. 50% / twice d. 60% / three times
102. To save money we’re buying -------------
a. less vegetables but more meat c. more vegetables and less meat
b. more both vegetables and meat d. less both vegetables and meat
103. 2015. Sample: ---------- is one basic thing that we can’t live without.
a. corn and cotton b. corn c. grassland d. water table
104. If ------------ gets much more expensive, that will be a real crisis.
a. cotton b. corn c. grassland d. water table
105. Neelam Reddy and Joseph Nujoma are worried about ----------------
a. the land and the problem of water. b. the food crisis
c. human activity d. corn and cotton
106. Human activities are taking too much from the land and as a result, the land is soon
going to become ------------ a. productive b. unproductive c. fruitful d. (a and c)
107. If the land is ------------ it will not be able to produce the food that everyone needs.
a. productive b. unproductive c. fruitful d. (a and c)
108. If the land produces less food in different places around the world, then the food that is
produced will become -----------------.
a. more expensive b. less expensive c. cheaper d. the cheapest
109. If the land produces less food in different places around the world, then the food that is
produced will become more expensive for ------------, this is already happening.
a. Neelam Reddy b. Joseph Nujoma c. Maria Rodas d. Carla Green
Saving precious resources with 4 Rs
 Save old glass jars and bottles to be turned into new ones. (Recycling)
.‫ثاراستنى طؤزة شوشةكان و بوتلَةكان وة كردنيان بة يةكيََََكى نويََرت‬

 Cut pieces from old clothes and turn them into a bed cover. (Recycling)
.‫ثارضة ثارضة كردنى جل و بةرطى كؤن و كردنى بة سةرجيََطاى نووسنت‬
 Use an old ladder and old bags to make a useful place for storing things. (Reusing)
.‫بةكارهيََنانى قادرمة و جانتا كؤنةكان بؤمةبةستى درووست كردنى شويََنيََكى بةسوود بؤ ثاراستنى (كؤكردنةوةى) شتةكان‬
 Keep old pots and cans to plant flowers and vegetables. (Reusing)
.‫ثاراستنى قووتو و طؤزة كؤنةكان بؤ رِواندنى طولََ و سةوزة تياياندا‬
 Replace buttons that are missing from clothes. (Repairing)
.‫طؤرِينى ئةو قؤثضانةى جل و بةرط كة ثيََوةى نةماون‬
 Add new pieces to mend old furniture. (Repairing)
.ََ‫ضاككردنةوةى كةل و ثةىل كؤن بة ثارضةى نوى‬
 Turn off the lights when you leave a room. (Reducing)
.‫كوذاندنةوةى طلَؤثةكانى ذووريََك كاتيََك بةجيََي ديََلَيت‬
 Store rain water to water garden flowers and vegetables. (Reducing)
.‫كؤكردنةوةى ئاوى باران و بةكارهيََنانى بؤ ئاودانى طولَةكانى باخضة و سةوزةوات‬
110. We should --------- things which we can’t reuse or repair.
a. reuse ‫بةكارهيَنانةوة‬ b. repair ‫ضاككردنةوة‬
c. recycle .‫ سةرلةنوىَ بةكارهيَنانةوةى شتيَك كة نةتوانني بةكارى بيَنينةوة ياخود ضاكى بكةينةوة‬d. reduce‫كةمكردنةوة‬
111. 2015. Sample: To turn the light off when we leave a room is an example of -------- the
precious resources. a. recycling b. reducing c. reusing d. repairing
112. 2015/ 2016 Pri: To mend broken/old furniture is an example of --------------
a. repairing b. reusing c. reducing d. recycling
st nd
113. 2015. 1 . 2016. 2 : One of the four Rs was repairing for example we can --------------
a. replace buttons that are missing from clothes c. Keep old cans and pots to plant flowers
b. store rain water to water our gardens d. save glass, bottles to be turned into new ones
114. 2015. 2nd: One of the four Rs was repairing for example:
a. we should Keep old cans and pots to plant flowers.
b. We need to store rain water to water our gardens.
c. We can save glass, bottles to be turned into new ones.
d. We can add new pieces to mend old furniture.
115. 2016. 1st: Using waste materials like glass, paper often for a different purpose is an
example of --------------- a. replacing b. reducing c. recycling d. repairing
116. 2017. Pri: Using old pots and cans to plant flowers and vegetables is an example of ------.
a- repairing b- reducing c- recycling d- reusing
117. 2017.2nd: To add new pieces to mend old furniture is an example of:
a. recycling b. reusing c. reducing d. repairing

118. Carla Green was a -----------------
a. soil scientist b. help-desk advisor c. website designer d. Azad Qadir’s English teacher
119. Steve Wright was a ------------------
a. soil scientist b. help-desk advisor c. website designer d. museum director
120. 2016. 1st: Carla Green’s best subject at school was -------------
a. Information and Communication Technology b. architecturing
c. website designing d. telephone helpline
121. Carla studied ------ at college.
a. website designing b. IT c. architecture d. help-desk advising
122. Carla did IT at college because ---------------------
a. she likes helping people. b. her brother was a website designer.
c. her best subject at school was Information and Communication Technology.
d. she wants to help people who are often upset.
123. Carla’s job is especially right for her because she ----------------------------
a. enjoys helping people and she can use her technical skills to do this.
b. used to work as a website designer
c. is a help-desk advisor. d. helps people who are often upset.
124. Carla likes ------------
a. helping people b. answering telephone c. emotional problems d. upset people
125. As a volunteer, Carla helped ---------, but in her work she helped people who ---------
a. people with emotional problems / are often upset
b. upset people / have emotional problems c. students / are often upset
d. happy people / have designing problems
126. ------------ wanted a career that needed more than IT skills.
a. Steve Wright b. Azad Qadir c. Carla Green d. Stella
127. 2015. 1st: Carla Green used to work as a --------------in a ----------------------.
a. help desk advisor / service center b. teacher / university
c. reporter / newspaper d. volunteer / telephone helpline
128. Carla Green used to work as a volunteer in a telephone helpline for ------------------.
a. people who were upset. b. young people with emotional problems
c. grade 12 students who were anxious d. helping customers with IT problems
129. 2017.2nd: Carla Green has always liked helping people for example she worked as a
volunteer at a ---------------------.
a. website designing b. computer service c. telephone helpline d. museum
130. Steve Wright went to university to study ------------- but changed after a year.
a. IT b. Communication c. archaeology d. architecture

st
131. 2015. 1 : ------------- spent one year in studying architecture.
132. 2015. Pri: Steve Wright was allowed to change courses from -----------
a. architecture to IT b. architecture to archaeology
c. IT to architecture d. information to communication
nd
133. 2016.2 : ---------------- was allowed to change courses to IT after a year.
a. Stella Farrant b. Dr. Sally Dale c. Carla Green d. Steve Wright
134. The first website Steve Wright build was a website for the ------------ with the help of ------
a. university football team / his brother b. university basketball team / his brother
b. university football team / his teacher d. school basketball team / his friends
135. --------------- decided that website design was the career for him.
136. After Steve Wright decided that --------- was the career for him, he changed courses to IT
and specialized in ------------
a. graphic design / website design b. website design / computer graphic design
c. architecture / website design d. archaeology / emotional problems
137. 2017.1st: Both Neelam Reddy and Steve Wright talked in a programme called ------------.
A. Only One World B. Our World Today C. Education in South America D. Food crisis
The World’s Top Priorities for 2025
1. Develop cures for all the remaining “killer” diseases such as malaria.
.‫بةرةوثيََش بردنى ضارةسةر بؤ هةموو ئةو نةخؤشية كوشندانةى كة تائيََستاضارةسةر نةكراون‬
2. Explore space to find other planets where humans could live.
.‫طةرِانى طةردوون بةمةبةستى دؤزينةوةى هةسارةى تر كة مرؤظ بتوانيََت تيََيدا بذيت‬
3. Give every child a proper education and good health care.
.‫دابني كردنى ثةروةردةى طوجناو وةهةروةها ضاوديََرى تةندرووستى باش بؤ هةموو مندالَيََك‬
4. Reach a world agreement to get rid of all weapons of war.
.‫طةيشنت بة ريََككةوتنيََكى جيهانى بةمةبةستى رزطاربوون لة هةموو جؤرة ضةكيََكى شةر‬
5. Reduce atmospheric emissions so as to limit climate change.
.‫كةمكردنةوةى دةرثةراندنةكانى بةرطة هةوا بةمةبةستى سنووردار كردنى طؤرِانى كةش و هةوا‬

6. Find technological solutions to the coming world food crisis.
.‫دؤزينةوةى ضارةسةرة تةكنةلؤجيةكان بؤ ئةو قةيرانة خؤراكية جيهانيةى داهاتوو‬
138. “We must try to give every child in the world a proper education and good health care”
this statement was said by ------------------. a. Leon Beck - Germany
b. Maria Delgado - Argentina c. Azad Qadir - Iraq d. Tessa Stone - Australia
139. “I disagree with making health and a good diet for all children our top priority” this
statement was said by ------------. a. Leon Beck - Germany b. Maria Delgado - Argentina
c. Azad Qadir - Iraq d. Tessa Stone – Australia
140. “We must take the necessary steps to control climate change, but I think we’re already
starting to do these things.” this statement was said by ------------------
a. Leon Beck b. Maria Delgado c. Azad Qadir d. Tessa Stone from Ausralia
141. -------------- thought developing cures for all the remaining ‘killer’ diseases. For example,
malaria, should be the World’s top priority.
a. Leon Beck b. Maria Delgado c. Azad Qadir d. Tessa Stone from Australia
142. 2015. 1st: “Humans have never managed to give up their weapons before” this
statement was said by ----- a. Sita Kumar b. Azad Qadir c. Alhaji Buhari d. Rosa Gomez
143. Alhaji Buhari thought priority 4 is very unrealistic as a short – term goal because ----------
a. humans have never managed to give up their weapons before.
b. there appear to be as many international disagreements as ever.
c. arguments over resources like water are getting more dangerous.
d. all of them
144. “In today’s world, not many countries would risk giving up their weapons.” this
statement was said by -------- a. Sita Kumar – India b. Azad Qadir – Iraq
c. Alhaji Buhari – Nigeria d. Rosa Gomez – USA
145. Alhaji Buhari felt that Priority 4, which is about giving up weapons, should be ------------
a. a long-term goal b. short – term goal c. not be goals at all d. none of them
146. Sita Kumar felt that priority 2, which is about looking for other worlds, should be ----------
a. a long-term goal b. short – term goal c. not be goals at all d. none of them
147. Rosa Gomez felt that priority 6, which is about coming world food crisis, is urgent and
should be ---- a. a long-term goal b. a short – term goal c. not be goals at all d. none of them
148. ----------- made Sita Kumar think of the poor kids in her home city, -----------
a. Priority 2 / New York b. Priority 2 / Kolkata c. Priority 3 / India d. Priority 4 / Kolkata
149. In ---------- ,poor kids priority is just to find something to eat.
a. New York b. Nigeria c. Kolkata d. USA
st
150. 2016. 1 : “I don’t consider space exploration is important in the short term” the speaker
of this statement was : a. Alhaji Buhari a. Sita Kumar b.Stella d. Rosa Gomez
151. “ We humans always try to do the impossible” this statement was said by -----------
a. Sita Kumar - India b. Azad Qadir c. Alhaji Buhari d. Rosa Gomez
152. In rich places like -----------, we aren’t used to seeing people with nothing to eat.
a. New York b. Nigeria c. Kolkata d. Iraq
153. “We’d better start producing a lot more food, or we’ll soon have to get used to seeing
millions!” this statement was said by ----------------
a. Sita Kumar b. Azad Qadir c. Alhaji Buhari d. Rosa Gomez – USA
154. In -----------, a lot of people, including children, do not have enough to eat, but in ----------
it is unusual for people to have nothing to eat.
a. New York / Kolkata b. Kolkata / New York c. New York / Nigeria d. USA / India
155. In Tessa Stone’s opinion --------------- were the best way of helping countries that to
develop economically.
a. aid programmes b. microfinance schemes c. World Bank Loans d. all of them
156. Azad Qadir thought that ---------------- were the best way of helping countries that need
to develop economically.
a. Microfinance schemes b. Aid programmes c. World Bank Loans d. all of them
157. Aid Programmes can provide a lot of -------------- help through the support of charities
and volunteers. a. long-term b. short-term c. both d. none
158. “I agree that aid programmes can provide a lot of short-term help, but Programmes like
these are just for emergency situations” this statement was said by -----------------------
159. “If aid keeps coming, free food, clothing, house, construction, and so on – it can’t help
damaging local business because they can’t compete” this statement was said by ----------.
160. If aid programmes keeps coming, the local economy --------------- itself.
a. can rebuilt b. can’t rebuilt c. will survive d. will grow
161. With ---------------- only small loans are made, but these can often be enough to help poor
people start and grow small businesses.
a. Microfinance schemes b. Aid programmes c. World Bank Loans d. all of them
162. The great advantage of Microfinance Schemes is that ----------------------------------------------
a. loans like these can help large numbers of people to help themselves.
b. loans like these can help only a small number of people to help themselves.
c. it can pay for the big infrastructure developments that a developing country needs.
d. it may lead to huge national debts.
163. The (disadvantage) problem of Microfinance Scheme is that --------------------------------
a. loans like these can’t help large numbers of people to help themselves.
b. it can pay for the big infrastructure developments that a developing country needs.

c. it can’t pay for the big (project) infrastructure developments that a developing country
needs. d. it may lead to huge national debts.
164. Leon Beck thought for big projects such as roads, bridges, tunnels and many other things,
Governments of countries need ------------------ .
a. to get money from the World Bank b. to get money from other international sources of money
c. Microfinance Scheme d.(a and b)
165. The case of “High Aswan Dam” in Egypt is an example of -----------------
a. Microfinance Scheme b. borrowing money internationally
c. loan from the World Bank d. (b and c)
166. Borrowing money internationally for big projects is really very dangerous because --------
a. it may lead to huge national debts.
b. it helps governments the power to lift the whole economy quickly.
c. countries have to pay back money that they need for new schools, hospitals.
d. (a and c)
167. Before tsunami Ibu Dhanani could -------------- .
a. not make enough money to develop the business further b. not borrow the money
c. buy some new tools and get started again. d. (a and b)
168. During the next nine months after tsunami, Ibu Dhanani depends on -------------------
a. emergency aid programmes for everything. b. a loan of a hundred dollars.
c. both of them d. none of them
169. When Ibu Dhanani ------------------, things started to change.
a. got emergency aid programmes b. a loan of a hundred dollars.
c. buy a workshop so that they can all work to gather d. none of them
170. Business for Ibu Dhanani is now ------------------
a. much better than it was before the tsunami. b. much worse than it was before the tsunami.
c. the same as before the tsunami. d. none of them

Best wishes
Nabaz Karim Sardoly
Mobile: (0750 494 1107)
FB: Nabaz Sardoly
Page On Facebook / poli12.poli12

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Prepared by: Nabaz Karim Sardoly 2017 - 2018 Reading & Listening

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1. 2012/ Pri: What is Stonehenge?

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17. Which one of the following incorrect about Stonehenge?

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1. Erbil’s Citadel stands at the ------- of this fast growing city.

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What on earth are we going to do about food

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29.2016. 1st: With the use of hydroponics we ----------

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KURDISTAN’S DARKEST HOUR

1. 2015. Pri: Chris Carr worked as a ----------

14.Saddam’s genocide against the Kurds continued for ---------- years.

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1. 2017. Elementry: Mrs. Kate Reilly was ---------------

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20. Azad Qadir gave his first presentation on ----------------

What happens at the airport?

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58. The merchant left his treasure in a cave because ----------------------

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Saving precious resources with 4 Rs

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The World’s Top Priorities for 2025

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Nabaz Karim Sardoly

Mobile: (0750 494 1107)

FB: Nabaz Sardoly

Page On Facebook / poli12.poli12

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