Avian Influenza

Avian influenza is an infection caused by avian (bird) influenza (flu) viruses. These
influenza viruses occur naturally among birds. Wild birds worldwide carry the viruses in their
intestines but usually do not get sick from them. However, avian influenza is very contagious
among birds, including chickens, ducks and turkeys, very sick and kill them.

Infected birds shed influenza virus in their saliva, nasal secretions and feces. Susceptible
birds become infected when they have contact with contaminated secretions or excretions from
infected birds. Domesticated birds may become infected with avian influenza virus through
direct contact with infected waterfowl or other infected poultry, or trough contact with surfaces
(such as dirt or cages), or materials (such as water or feed) that have been contaminated with the
virus.

Infection with avian influenza viruses in domestic poultry causes two main forms of
disease that are distinguished by low and high extremes of virulence. The low pathogenic form
may go undetected and usually causes only mild symptoms ( such as ruffled feathers and a drop
in egg production). however, the highly pathogenic form spreads more rapidly through flocks of
poultry. This form may cause disease that affects multiple internal organs and has a mortality
rate that can reach 90-100% often within 48 hours.

1. What is the writer’s intention of writing the text?

A. To entertain the readers B. To persuade the readers

C. To report avian influenza D. To tell the history of avian influenza
E. To criticize information on avian influenza

2. “However, avian influenza is very contagious among birds and can make some domesticated
birds, including chickens, ducks and turkeys, very sick and kill them.” (Paragraph 1)
The synonym of the word ‘contagious’ is …
A. Infectious B. Frightening C. Dangerous D. Worrying E. Rare
3. “Avian influenza is an infection caused by avian (bird) influenza (flu) viruses. These influenza
viruses occur naturally among birds.” (Paragraph 1)

A. Crisis B. Resolution C. Orientation

D. Explanation E. General statement

4. What is NOT a medium to spread avian influenza virus?

A. Nasal secretion B. Feathers C. Saliva

D. Feces E. Cages

5. How does the writer describe highly pathogenic

A. Unexpected B. Deathly C. Common

D. Strange E. Mild
 New Species Found in Papua

An international team of scientist says it has found the “lost world” in the Indonesian
jungle that is the home to dozens of new animals and plant species. “ It’s as close to the Garden
of Eden as ou’re going to find on Earth,” said Bruce Beehler, co-leader of the group.

The group of Indonesian, American, and Australian researchers trekked through an area
in the mist – shrouded Foja Mountains of north-west Papua. After being dropped off by
helicopter, the researchers spent nearly a month in the aream detailing the wildlife and plantlife
from the lower hills to near the summit of the Foja range, which reaches more than 2,000m in
elevation.

The team found four new species of butterflies, twenty new species of frogs and a whole
series of remarkable plants including five new palms and a giant rhododendron flower. The
survey also found a honey-eater bird that was previously unknown to science and the first new
bird discovered on the island of New Guinea since 1939. They also found the breeding grounds
of a “lost” bird of paradise. The six-wired bird of paradise was first seen in the late 19th century
but hadn’t been found again since then. The team took the first photographs of the golden fronted
bower bird displaying its plunge. Besides, the team also recorded a golden mantled tree
kangaroo, which was not known to be in this atea and is near extinction in other areas. “It’s
beautiful, untouched, unpopulated forest, there is no evidence of human impact or presence,”
said Dr. Beehler

1. What is the purpose of the text above?

A. To inform readers that the researchers found a new jungle in Indonesia

B. To survey the new species of animals and plants in Indonesian jungle
C. To find the lost world in Indonesian jungle
D. To inform the discovery of new species of animals and plants in Indonesian jungle
E. To find the lost species of animals and plants in Indonesian jungle
2. The main idea of paragraph 1 is….
A. a group of international scientist found the new land
B. a group of international scientist found the unpopulates area
C. a group of international scientist found the new species of animals and plants
D. Indonesia is the jungle of new species of animals and dead plants
E. the jungle is close to the Garden of Eden on Earth

3. The scientist found the following new species, EXCEPT

A. four new species of butterflies and honey-eater bird
B. twenty new species of frogs and a giant rhododendrom flower
C. a honey-eater bird and five new species of palm
D. twenty species of frgs and two species of giant flower
E. four new species of butterflies and five new species of palms

4. How did the scientist reach the target area?

A. By trekking the area D. By driving a car
B. By taking a chopper E. By climbing the mountain
C. By taking a bus

5. “When the scientist took the photograph, the golden fronted bower bird displaying its plunge.”
The underlined word means

A. sleeping on the twig D. eating honey

B. flying here and there E. flapping its wings
C. showing its beauty