As-salamu Alaikum warahmatullahi wabarkatahu.

Suratul Fatihah ko Ummul Kitab kehne ki wajah;

The Reason Suratul Fatihah is called Umm Al-Kitab:

Imaam Bukhari Rahimahullah Sahih Bukhari ki Kitab-ut Tafsir mein likha: 'Is Surah ko Ummul
Kitab kehne ki wajah yeh hai ki, Qur'an Majeed ki Mushaf mein likhai ka aagaz isi Surah se hota
hai aur Namaaz ki Qirat ki shuruwat bhi isi se hota hai.'

Ek baat yeh bhi kaha jata hai ki, Is mein Mukammal Qur'an-e-Kareem ka mukhtashar maa'ni
hone ki wajah se isey Ummul Kitab kaha jata hai.

Ibn Jarir at-Tabari Rahimahullah ne kaha, (Tafsir at-Tabari)

'Arabon mein yeh riwaz hai ki, woh log kisi buniyadi cheez ko uski shakhon ki 'Umm' ya 'Maa'
kehte hain. Misaal ke taur par, woh log Umm Ar-Ra's us chamde ko kehte hain jo poore sar ko
gher leta hai aur Fauzi jhande ko bhi woh log 'Umm' kehte hai jiske niche Fauz jama hote hain.'

Makkah Mukarrama ko Ummul Qura kehne ki wajah yeh hai ki, wohi saare jahan ka pehla
Shahar hai. Aur yeh bhi kaha jata hai ki, Duniya ki shuruwat Makkah se hi huwa tha.

Musnad Ahmad mein Hazrat Abu Hurairah Radhiallahu Anhu se riwayat hai, Rasool-Allah ‫ﷺ‬
ne farmaya: HIYA UMM AL-QUR'AN WAHIYA AS-SAB-UL MASANI WAHIYA AL-
QUR'AN UL-AZEEM
Yehi Ummul Qur'an hai, yehi As-sab-ul Masani hai aur yehi Qur'an-e-Azeem hai.
Doosri Riwayat mein hai ki (Tafsir at-Tabari), Rasool-Allah ‫ ﷺ‬ne farmaya:
HIYA UMM AL-QUR'AN WAHIYA FATIHATUL KITAB WAHIYA AS-SAB-UL MASANI
Yehi Ummul Qur'an hai, yehi Fatihatul Kitab hai aur yehi As-sab-ul Masani hai.

Tafsir-e-Ibn Mirduwai mein hai ki, Rasool-Allah ‫ ﷺ‬ne farmaya: Alhamdu lillahi Rabbi
alAalameen ki Ayat Saat(7) hai. Bismillahir Rahmaneer Raheem bhi iski ek Ayat hai. Isi ka
naam As-sab-ul Masani hai, yehi Qur'an-e-Azeem hai, yehi Ummul Kitab hai, yehi Fatihatul
Kitab hai.

Imam Daraqutni Rahimahullah ne bhi apni Hadees ki kitab mein aisa hi ek Riwayat naqal kiya
hai aur har Rai ko mautabar kaha hai.

In the beginning of the Book of Tafsir, in his Sahih, Al-Bukhari said;

"It is called Umm Al-Kitab, because it is the first Surah that has been written in the copies of the
Qur'an, and it is also the first Sürah to be recited in Salat (prayer)."
It was also said that it is called Umm Al-Kitab, because it contains the meanings of the entire
Qur'an.

Ibn Jarir at-Tabari said, (Tafsir at-Tabari)

"The Arabs call every comprehensive matter that contains several specific areas an Umm. For
instance, they call the skin that surrounds the brain, Umm Ar-Ra's. They also call the flag that
gathers the ranks of the army an Umm."
He also said,
"Makkah was called Umm Al-Qura, (the Mother of the Villages) because it is the grandest and
the leader of all villages. It was also said that the earth was made starting from Makkah."

Further, Imam Ahmad recorded that Abu Hurairah narrated about Umm al-Qur'an that the
Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬said,
HIYA UMM AL-QUR'AN WAHIYA AS-SAB-UL MASANI WAHIYA AL-QUR'AN UL-
AZEEM
It is Umm al-Qur'an, the seven repeated (verses) and the Glorious Qur'an.

Also, Abu Jafar Muhammad bin Jarir at-Tabari recorded (in Tafsir at-Tabari) Abu Hurairah
saying that the Messenger of Allah ‫ ﷺ‬said about Al-Fatihah,
HIYA UMM AL-QUR'AN WAHIYA FATIHATUL KITAB WAHIYA AS-SAB-UL MASANI
It is Umm Al-Qur'an, Al-Fatihah of the Book (the Opener of the Qur'an) and the seven repeated
(verses).

[TAFSIR IBN KATHIR]