3/31/2018 Working Principle of Three Phase Induction Motor

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Working Principle of Three Phase
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3/31/2018 Working Principle of Three Phase Induction Motor

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Rotor of Motor
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Rotor of three phase induction motor consists of
Utilities
cylindrical laminated core with parallel slots that
can carry conductors. The conductors are heavy Safety

copper or aluminium bars which fit in each slot, and Transformer

they are short-circuited by the end rings. The slots Motor

are not exactly made parallel to the axis of the Generator
shaft but are slotted a little skewed because this
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arrangement reduces magnetic humming noise
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and can avoid stalling of the motor.
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3/31/2018 Working Principle of Three Phase Induction Motor

Working of Three Phase Induction Motor

Production of Rotating Magnetic Field
The stator of the motor consists of overlapping
winding offset by an electrical angle of 120o. When
the primary winding or the stator is connected to a
3 phase AC source, it establishes a rotating
magnetic field which rotates at the synchronous
speed.

Secrets Behind the Rotation:

According to Faraday’s law "an emf induced in any
circuit is due to the rate of change of magnetic flux
linkage through the circuit". As the rotor winding in
an induction motor are either closed through an
external resistance or directly shorted by end ring,
and cut the stator rotating magnetic field, an emf is
induced in the rotor copper bar and due to this emf
a current flows through the rotor conductor.

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3/31/2018 Working Principle of Three Phase Induction Motor

Here the relative speed between the rotating flux

and static rotor conductor is the cause of current
generation; hence as per Lenz's law, the rotor will
rotate in the same direction to reduce the cause,
i.e. the relative velocity.

Thus from the working principle of three phase

induction motor, it may be observed that the rotor
speed should not reach the synchronous speed
produced by the stator. If the speeds become
equal, there would be no such relative speed, so
no emf induced in the rotor, and no current would
be flowing, and therefore no torque would be
generated. Consequently, the rotor cannot reach
the synchronous speed. The difference between
the stator (synchronous speed) and rotor speeds is
called the slip. The rotation of the magnetic field in
an induction motor has the advantage that no
electrical connections need to be made to the rotor.

Thus the three phase induction motor is:

Self-starting.

Less armature reaction and brush sparking

because of the absence of commutators and
brushes that may cause sparks.

Robust in construction.

Economical.

Easier to maintain.

Working Principle of Three Phase Induction

Motor - Video

Working of Three Phase Induction Motor

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3/31/2018 Working Principle of Three Phase Induction Motor

>

S SHIV commented on 15/03/2018

Easy and lucid way explained. Nice

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