1.

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between stress and physical
illness according to psychoneuroimmunologists?
a. Stress compromises the body’s immune system, leaving a person vulnerable to illness.
b. Stress increases the production of natural killer cells, which causes cell death and leads to
illness.
c. Stress has no direct relationship to physical illness, though physicians tell us that these things
are related so that we will be more willing to take unnecessary medications.
d. Stress causes high blood pressure, heart disease, and cancer.

Grade: 1
User Responses: a.Stress compromises the body’s immune system, leaving a person
vulnerable to illness.
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2. Research with military personnel has found that _______________ predicted stress levels,
depression, and suicidal thoughts.
a. the severity and likelihood of recurrence of traumatic events
b. use of emotion-focused rather than problem-focused coping
c. the number of traumatic events and lack of social support
d. engaging in substance abuse in order to cope with trauma

Grade: 1
User Responses: c.the number of traumatic events and lack of social support
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3. Research on the prevalence of stress in the general population has found that
a. immigrant and minority groups report lower levels of extreme stressors.
b. severe stressors effect less than 25 percent of the population.
c. it is unusual when people report they have not experienced severe stress in their lifetime.
d. extreme stress is reported only by people of low socioeconomic status.

Grade: 1
User Responses: c.it is unusual when people report they have not experienced severe stress
in their lifetime.
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4. Which of the following is one of the ways in which religion helps people reduce or cope with
stress?
a. Religion isolates people from those who are different.
b. Religion can provide a strong social support system.
c. Religion includes rituals that get people to dwell on their failings.
d. Most religions promote psychological defence mechanisms.

Grade: 1
User Responses: b.Religion can provide a strong social support system.
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5. During the alarm stage of the general adaptation syndrome,

a. synaptic activity and the somatic nervous system activate to send messages from the CNS to
muscles.
b. neurotransmitter levels and the central nervous system are activated.
c. the central and somatic systems are activated.
d. the sympathetic nervous system is activated and adrenal glands release hormones.
 Grade: 1
User Responses: d.the sympathetic nervous system is activated and adrenal glands release
hormones.
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6. Research studies have found that herbal remedies

a. are little better than a placebo.
b. are almost as effective as pharmaceutical products.
c. are just as effective as pharmaceutical products.
d. are more effect than pharmaceuticals products.

Grade: 1
User Responses: a.are little better than a placebo.
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7. Which of the following is true regarding coping strategies?

a. Eric engages in problem-focused coping when he faces the challenges of life head-on.
b. Westin engages in emotion-focused coping when he cries uncontrollably to comfort himself.
c. Andrew engages in emotion-focused coping when he believes he is unable to deal with the
stressful event.
d. Joe engages in problem-focused coping when he places a positive spin on his feelings and
situation.

Grade: 1
User Responses: a.Eric engages in problem-focused coping when he faces the challenges of
life head-on.
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8. Imagine that you have just flunked a class. You evaluate this situation and decide that flunking a
class is stressful and important enough to be upset about. Next you decide to repeat the class
in summer school. You have made
a. a stress-related decision.
b. a primary appraisal only.
c. both a primary appraisal and a secondary appraisal.
d. a hassle-related decision.

Grade: 1
User Responses: c.both a primary appraisal and a secondary appraisal.
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9. Which of the following statements regarding ulcers is false?

a. Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium that lives in stomach acid and causes as many as 90 percent
of stomach ulcers.
b. Stress is the primary cause of ulcers.
c. Stress can reduce the efficiency of the immune system and increase vulnerability to the
bacterium responsible for causing ulcers.
d. It is a myth that ulcers are the result of eating excessive amounts of spicy foods (e.g., salsas or
flaming hot chicken wings).

Grade: 1
User Responses: b.Stress is the primary cause of ulcers.
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10. Researchers view stress in the following three ways:
a. a fear, an attack, and a rage.
b. a response, an apprehension, and a stimulus.
c. a stimulus, uneasiness, and a response.
d. a stimulus, a transaction with the environment, and as a response.

Grade: 1
User Responses: d.a stimulus, a transaction with the environment, and as a response.
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11. If someone is exposed to a stressor that demands so much and lasts so long that it exceeds
the person's ability to cope with it, the person will move into which stage of Selye's general
adaptation syndrome?
a. Alarm
b. Exhaustion
c. Resistance
d. Collapse

Grade: 1
User Responses: b.Exhaustion
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12. After we have decided that a certain event is a stressor, we must decide how we will deal with
it and what resources are available for coping with the stressor. This process is called
a. primary appraisal.
b. secondary appraisal.
c. stress-related decision making.
d. hassle-related decision-making.

Grade: 1
User Responses: b.secondary appraisal.
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13. What is the correct sequence of stages in the general adaptation syndrome?
a. Resistance, alarm, exhaustion
b. Alarm, exhaustion, resistance
c. Resistance, exhaustion, alarm
d. Alarm, resistance, exhaustion

Grade: 1
User Responses: d.Alarm, resistance, exhaustion
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