Contoh Teks Narrative, Descriptive, Report, Analitycal, Hortatory dan Spoof

NARRATIVE
Three Fishes

Orientation
Once, three fishes lived in a pond. One evening, some fishermen passed by the pond and saw
the fishes. 'This pond is full of fish', they told each other excitedly. 'We have never fished
here before. We must come back tomorrow morning with our nets and catch these fish!' Then
the fishermen left.
Complication
When the eldest of the three fishes heard this, he was troubled. He called the other
fishes together and said, 'Did you hear what the fishermen said? We must leave this
pond at once. The fishermen will return tomorrow and kill us all!' The second of the
three fishes agreed. 'You are right', he said. 'We must leave the pond.'
But the youngest fish laughed. 'You are worrying without reason', he said. 'We have
lived in this pond all our lives, and no fisherman has ever come here. Why should
these men return? I am not going anywhere - my luck will keep me safe.'
Resolution
The eldest of the fishes left the pond that very evening with his entire family. The
second fish saw the fishermen coming in the distance early next morning and left the
pond at once with all his family. The third fish refused to leave even then.
The fishermen arrived and caught all the fish left in the pond. The third fish's luck
did not help him - he too was caught and killed.
The fish who saw trouble ahead and acted before it arrived as well as the fish who
acted as soon as it came both survived. But the fish who relied only on luck and did
nothing at all died. So also in life.

DESCRIPTIVE
MacQuarie University

Identification
Macquarie University is one of the largest universities in Australia. This year, in
2004, it celebrates its 40th anniversary.
Description
The university is located at the North Ryde Greenbelt, Sydney, where the New South
Wales government sets aside 135 hectares for the institution. In 1964, Macquarie area
was a rural retreat on the city fringe, but today the campus and its surroundings have
evolved beyond recognition. The North Ryde District has grown into a district of
intensive occupation anchored by a vibrant and growing university.
Blessed with a fortunate location and room to breathe, Macquarie can be proud of
that careful planning that retains and enrich the university’s most attractive natural
features. A pleasing balance between buildings and plating is evident across the
campus. This emphasis on the importance of landscape has created images of
Macquarie as a place that members of the university are most likely to pleasurably
recollect.
One of the highlights of the landscape is the Mars Creek zone. It comprises
landscaped creek sides and valley floor, a grass amphitheatre, and artificial lake
surrounded by rocks and pebbles, native plants and eucalypts.
Today, a railway station is under construction. In three years, Macquarie will be the
only university in Australia with a railway station on site. Macquarie is poised to be
the most readily accessible in Sydney region by rail and motorway, yet retaining its
beautiful site.

REPORT
Lightning

General Classification
Lightning is a sudden, violent flash of electricity between a cloud and the ground, or
from cloud to cloud. A lightning fl ash, or bolt, can be several miles long. It is so hot,
with an average temperature of 34,000° Centigrade, that the air around it suddenly
expands with a loud blast. This is the thunder we hear.
Description
Lightning occurs in hot, wet storms. Moist air is driven up to a great height. It forms
a type of cloud called cumulonimbus. When the cloud rises high enough, the
moisture freezes and ice crystals and snowfl akes are formed. These begin to fall,
turning to rain on the way down. This rain meets more moist air rising, and it is the
friction between them which produces static electricity. When a cloud is fully charged
with this electricity, it discharges it as a lightning flash.

ANALYTICAL
Cars should be banned

Thesis
Cars should be banned in the city. As we all know, cars create pollution, and cause a
lot of road deaths and other accidents.
Argument 1
Firstly, cars, as we all know, give contribution to the most of the pollution in the
world. Cars emit deadly gas that causes illness such as bronchritis, lung cancer, and
‘triggers’ off asthma. Some of these illnesses are so bad that people can die from
them.
Argument 2
Secondly, the city is very busy. Pedestrians wander everywhere and cars commonly
hit pedestrains in the city, which causes them to die. Cars today are our roads biggest
killers.
Argument 3
Thirdly, cars are very noisy. If you live in the city, you may find it hard to sleep at
night, or to concentrate on your homework, and especially when you talk to
someone.
Reiteration
In conclusion, cars should be benned from the city for the reason listed.
 HORTATORY
Corruption

Thesis
Do you know what the meaning of corruption is? What is the relation between money
and corruption? Well, corruption is common everywhere in the world, even in the
United States. It’s just a matter of intensity. However, it is quite shocking when one
reliable survey claims Jakarta as the most corrupt place in Indonesia.
Argument 1
The survey has made me sad, actually, because I stay and earn a living here in the
capital. As most people know, Tanjung Priok port smuggling is not a new thing at all.
Entrepreneurs who want to minimize their tax payments tend to do such a thing
more often. They even bribe the officials.
Argument 2
Well, I think the measures taken so far to overcome the problem by punishing the
corruptors is still not far enough. We have to prevent the younger generations from
getting a bad mentality caused by corruption.
Recommendation
I believe we should start at the earliest stages in school and I think everyone should
be involved in the effort to eradicate corruption. We must not make any distinction.

SPOOF
Penguin in the Park

Orientation
Once a man was walking in a park when he come across a penguin.
Event
He took him to a policeman and said, "I have just found this penguin. What should I
do?" The policeman replied, "take him to the zoo".
The next day the policeman saw the same man in the same park and the man still
carrying the penguin with him. The policeman was rather supriseed and walked up to
the man and asked "why are you still carrying that penguin about? Didn't you take it
to the zoo?"
Twist
"I certainly did" replied the man.
"And it was a great idea because he really enjoyed it, so today I am taking him to the
moviest, and the next day I'll take it to the beach. It'll be so much fun" said the man.