CONTENTS OF A THESIS

1. TITLE PAGE
Title should be clear and precise
Center alignment
Thesis title should assume an “inverted pyramid”
Bold font, NOT in all caps.

2. APPROVAL SHEET
Duly signed by the adviser after passing the oral defense

3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Includes the names of individual(s) and institution(s) who provided assistance that
have lead to the realization of your thesis.

4. ABSTRACT
Consists of (1) background of the study, (2) objective of the study, (3)
methodology, (4) results and conclusion
Single-spaced with a maximum of 300 words

5. TABLE OF CONTENTS
Lists the different parts of the manuscript with the corresponding page number

6. LIST OF TABLES (if applicable)

Consists of the table number, title and page number

7. LIST OF FIGURES (if applicable)

Consists of the figure number, title and page number

8. CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION
Includes
i. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
ii. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
iii. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
iv. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
v. DEFINITION OF TERMS

9. CHAPTER 2 – REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Presents a sufficient background information that would allow readers to
understand and evaluate the results of the present study
10. CHAPTER 3 – RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Should include the following
i. MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT
o The exact technical specifications, quantities, method of
preparation of all materials and reagents
o If the study involves the used of animals, indicate the animals’
source, age/sex, handling and housing. Compliance with the UST-
RCNAS IACUC should be specified.
ii. GENERAL PROCEDURE
o The manner and sequence by which the experiment or sets of
observation were done. Use the narrative/paragraph form when
stating the step by step procedure and NOT the “recipe”/outline
style.
iii. STATISTICAL TREATMENT
o The specific type of analysis or test should be discussed.

11. CHAPTER 4 – RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

This chapter may be divided into subsections describing each set of experiments
or observations.
i. FINDINGS
o The data may be presented in full and discussed descriptively in
the text. Data ideally, may be summarized in appropriate tables or
graphs. The statistical test used to determine the possible
significance of the findings should be described.
ii. ANALYSIS OF DATA
o The interpretation of the findings is discussed and significant
features shown in tables, figures, graphs are pointed out.
12. CHAPTER 5 – CONCLUSION AND DIRECTION FOR FUTURE RESEARCH
This chapter should include the following
i. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
ii. CONCLUSION
o The general truth implied or illustrated by the results should be
clearly stated. The evidence based on the results should be
summarized for each statement.
iii. RECOMMENDATIONS
o Consists of suggestions on future actions such as new direction
of research or further experiments to be performed, practices that
might be adapted or discarded in order to attain certain goals or
objectives.
13. BIBLIOGRAPHY
It includes a list of the references used in guiding the research work and writing
of the manuscript.
14. APPENDICES
The following are materials for appendices
i. Original data
ii. Summary tabulations
iii. Tables containing data of lesser importance (as distinguished from those
presenting major data in the text)
iv. Supplementary illustrative materials such as forms and documents.
 GUIDELINES IN WRITING THE THESIS MANUSCRIPT

The manuscript must be printed in short bond paper (8½ in x 11 in) using the UST thesis
template and the following format:

FONT
o Times New Roman
FONT SIZE
o Size 14 – Main headings including chapter number and title
o Size 12 – text
o Free size – title of tables/ graphs/ figures and text of tables
MARGINS
o Top – 1.45
o Bottom – 1.25
o Left – 1.80
o Right – 0.93
SPACING
o Use DOUBLE SPACE for the text
3 double spaces BEFORE the chapter number
1 double space AFTER the chapter number

2 double spaces AFTER the chapter title

2 double spaces AFTER each subtopic

2 double spaces BEFORE the title of a table

1 double space AFTER the title of a table
2 double spaces AFTER a table

2 double spaces BEFORE a figure

1 double space AFTER a figure
2 double spaces AFTER the title of the figure
PAGING
o Roman numeral in lower case (eg. i., ii., iii., …) – TITLE PAGE to LIST OF FIGURES
o Hindu Arabic numbers (eg. 1., 2., 3., …) – CHAPTER 1 to LAST PAGE OF
APPENDIX/ APPENDICES
TABLES
o Should be aligned center
o Title should be placed ABOVE the table
FIGURES
o Should be aligned center
o Title should be placed BELOW the figure
 TENSES
o PAST TENSE - for:
Review of related literature
Research methodology
Discussion of results
Summary and conclusion
o FUTURE TENSE - for:
Significance of the study
Recommendations
PRINTING
o Page numbers should NOT appear on the following pages:
Title page
Every first page of each chapter

GUIDELINES FOR THE JOURNAL REPORT

1. Use the template provided for the journal report

2. Title banner – The title banner must show the title of the thesis and the names of the
authors (without professional titles).
Title - Font size 14, Bold Times New Roman.
Authors’ names - Font size 12, Normal, Times New Roman.
3. Journal contents
the journal report should contain sections devoted to
Abstract
Introduction and objective
Methodology
Results and discussion
Conclusion
References
o The text should be clear and concise. Results are presented as charts, tables
and graphs.
o Font size – 8, Arial
 GUIDELINES FOR THE POSTER

1. Poster size: 90 x 110 cm

2. Title banner
The title banner must show the title of the poster, the names of the authors
(without professional titles) and their college of affiliation. The letter size should
be no less than 72 font size, Arial type.
3. Poster contents
The poster should contain sections devoted to
i. Abstract
ii. Introduction and objective
iii. Methodology
iv. Results and discussion
v. Conclusion
vi. References
The text should be clear and concise. Results are presented as charts, tables
and/or graphs.
4. Font size
The lettering of the text and the illustrations should be at least 20 font size,
Times New Roman

GUIDELINES FOR THE ABSTRACT (Book of Abstracts)

1. Full text must fit 8½ in. x 11 in. bond paper; maximum of 300 words.
2. Title – Times New Roman, bold, size 12
3. Authors’ name
a. Times New Roman, normal, size 10
b. Format: GIVEN NAME, M.I., SURNAME
c. Adviser(s) name(s) (without professional title) should be mentioned last.
4. Title and authors’ names are aligned center
5. Text - Times New Roman, normal, size 11, single-spaced, justified, no indentation
6. Scientific names must be in ITALICS, not underlined.
Sample abstract:

Effects of Orally-Administered Decoction of Ipomoea batatas (Convolvulaceae) Leaves on

Thrombocytopenic Sprague-Dawley Rats

Krizia Carla E. Arzadon, Nicole Lynn Kimberly S. Chan, Ana Dominique A. Cuaresma, Kathleen Anne N. Lim,
Heidi Rose C. Tanjueco, Andrea Q. Carigma

Thrombocytopenia is a condition associated with a number of diseases and disorders in which there is an
abnormally low amount of platelets in the blood. Increasing the platelet count as supportive therapy can
prevent further complications brought about by thrombocytopenia. The present study examined the
decoction of Ipomoea batatas for its potential to increase the platelet count of Sprague-Dawley rats.

Leaves of Ipomoea batatas were collected and extracted using decoction method. This extract was orally-
administered to test for its platelet-increasing activity in thrombocytopenic Sprague-Dawley rats at doses
of 100-, 200-, 400-, 800- and 1600mg/kg. Thrombocytopenia was induced by orally administering
300mg/kg BW quinine sulfate for two days. Complete blood counts were done after the induction of
thrombocytopenia and after the treatment with the decoction for 2 weeks. Normal saline solution and
prednisolone were used as negative and positive controls, respectively.

One Way Analysis of Variance showed a significant increase in the number of platelets and WBC
between the groups given different doses of the extract against both positive and negative control groups.
(p<0.05). The number of RBC did not show any significant difference (p>0.05). This is furthermore
supported  by  data  obtained  from  95.0%  Tukey’s  HSD  test.  Values  were  outside  the  range  limits  for  the  
platelet and WBC while the values were all within range limits for the RBC.

The decoction of Ipomoea batatas possesses platelet-increasing activity. The increase in the number of
platelets was not consistent with the increments of dosage.