Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Biology Topics
● Cells
● DNA/ RNA
● Photosynthesis
● Cellular Respiration
● Cell division/ Cell life
● Evolution
● Anatomy
What are cells?
● The building blocks of living things
● Makes up all parts of the body
● Has many parts, each with a different function
What is DNA?
● Deoxyribonucleic acid
● Stores biological information
● Hereditary material
● Double Stranded (double helix)
● In the nucleus and mitochondria
What is RNA?
● Ribonucleic Acid
● Single stranded
● C + G, A + U
Photosynthesis
○ Occurs in the chloroplasts
○ Chlorophyll = pigment in leaves that grab light in
energy
○ Carbon Dioxide + Water + light = ENERGY
(glucose) & oxygen
○ Light dependent reaction = Light makes the cells
excited
○ Then they release energy
Cellular Respiration
○ Happens in the mitochondria
○ Converts glucose into ATP
○ Works by breaking apart the high energy bonds of
glucose*
○ ENERGY (glucose) + oxygen=Carbon Dioxide &
Water
Cell Division
What is Evolution?
● Theory
○ Species (not individual organisms) adapt and change through a
natural process to survive
○ All living organisms have developed and diversified from an earlier
form or ancestor
● Adaptations
● Natural Selection
Darwin’s Theory
● Theory of Evolution
○ All life is related and has
descended from a common
ancestor
○ Descent w/ modification
2 5
6 1
Element
7 4 symbol
Ionic bonding (metal to nonmetal)
Electrons are given up or taken to create an outer shell of 8
valence electrons
Covalent Bonding (metalloid/nonmetal to nonmetal)
One or more pairs of valence electrons are shared between
atoms so the atoms will have 8 valence electrons
Types of Chemical Reactions
● Synthesis
● Decomposition
● Single Replacement
● Double Replacement
● Combustion
Combustion
● Always involve molecular oxygen (O2)
● Always exothermic
● When organic molecules combust, the reaction products are
carbon dioxide and water
Types of Mixtures
Solution
Suspension
Colloid
- Dissolved in another
substance
- Ex. Salt
Solvent