Valves: An Overview

12.04.2017
 What is a Valve?
A mechanical device that is used to control the flow
of fluids and pressure within a system or a
process
It performs any of the following functions by:
Varying the amount of fluid flowing through a
conduit.
Stopping and starting the flow of fluids.
Controlling the direction of the flow of fluids
Regulating downstream pressure of a process
Relieving the system or process over pressure
Parts of a Valve (General)
 Classification of Valves
1. Manual Valves: Requires an operator to
execute the actuating mechanism.

2. Automatic or Self-Actuating Valves: perform

their specific function without human assi

Rising Stem Non-Rising Stem

 Types of Valves
• Globe Valve
• Gate Valve
• Ball Valve
• Plug Valve
• Butterfly Valve
• Check Valve
• Diaphragm Valve
• Safety Valve
• Pinch Valve
• Needle Valve
Each type of valve is designed to meet needs such as throttle
flow, ensure unidirectional flow, handle corrosive fluids as
well as high pressure.
 Gate Valve
A multi-turn and linear motion valve
Function: starts or stops fluid flow
frequent use in throttling operation
not recommended.
 Globe Valve
A multi-turn and linear motion valve
Y-Globe
Function: starts or stops fluid flow
Valve
Regulate flow

Z-Globe
Valve
 Ball Valve
A single turn and rotational valve
Function: starts or stops fluid flow
could be used to regulate flow
 Plug Valve
A single turn and rotational valve
Function: starts or stops fluid flow
Throttling operation is not
recommeded
 Diaphragm Valve
A multi-turn and linear motion valve
Function: starts or stops fluid flow
Regulates fluid flow

Straight through type

Weir type
 Butterfly Valve
A multi-turn and rotational valve
Function: starts or stops fluid flow
Does not regulate flow
 Check Valve
Also know as a non-return valve. Don’t have external
actuator. They are opened by the pressure of the
flowing fluid.
Function: Ensures unidirectional flow of fluids.
 Valve Actuators
The are used to open or close the valves
They are selected based on:
 Torque required to operate the valve
 Automatic actuation

Types of actuators
 Manual hand wheel
 Manual lever
 Electrical motor
 Pneumatic
 Solenoid
 Hydraulic piston
 Self-actuated
All actuators are adaptable to automatic actuation except for
the manual hand wheel