WIRELESS MODEM

1. INTRODUCTION
A wireless modem is a type of modem which connects to a wireless network instead of
to the telephone system. When you connect with a wireless modem, you are attached
directly to your wireless ISP (Internet Service Provider) and you can then access the
Internet

Wireless modems are devices that allow computers to connect to a wireless local area
network (WLAN) without physical cabling such as Ethernet wiring. Wireless modems
use cellular, satellite or WiFi protocols to connect to a WLAN, which can then provide
Internet service. This differs from dial-up and DSL modems which use telephone lines to
connect to the Internet, while cable modems use cable TV lines for connectivity.

For mobile applications, a PCMCIA wireless modem card in a laptop can provide access
to the Internet through public "hotspots." These are geographical areas where WLANs
allow public Internet access via wireless modems. In some cases a small membership fee
is required, while other hotspots are free.

2. Types of devices used

A Kyocera iBurst desktop wireless modem provides Ethernet interface

2.1 Mobile phones, smartphones, and PDAs can be employed as data modems to form a
wireless access point connecting a personal computer to the Internet (or some
proprietary network). In this use the mobile phone is providing a gateway between the
cellular service provider's data network technology and Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)
spoken by PCs. Almost all current mobile phone models support the Hayes command
set, a standard method of controlling modems. To the PC, the phone appears like an
external modem when connected via serial cable, USB, IrDA infrared or Bluetooth
wireless.

2.2 Wireless FireWire, USB and Serial modems are also used in the Wi-Fi and
WiMAX standards, operating at microwave frequencies, to give a laptop, PDA or
desktop computer an access point to a network. The modems may be as large as a
regular cable modem to as small as a WiFi dongle/USB-stick. If combined with VoIP
technology, these computing devices can achieve telephone-like capability to make and
receive telephone calls. PCMCIA, ExpressCard and Compact Flash modems are also
used. These card-modems can also have GPS included.
3. G Wireless Modem Router

Overview

The G Wireless Modem Router is perfect for setting up a simple wireless network that
has the range to easily cover a small office or apartment. Its speeds are ideal for handling
basic networking applications such as sharing your high-speed Internet connection with
all your computers, surfing the Web, emailing, and instant messaging-all while relaxing
on the couch in your home.

3.1 Connect your wired and wireless desktop computers and notebooks to your Belkin G
Wireless Modem Router to share your broadband Internet access. Now you can quickly
and easily share documents, surf the Web, chat with friends, and email. Our advanced
security protects both your wireless and wired computers from hackers and intruders.

3.2 The G Wireless Modem Router is the central connection point of your wireless
network. You can add up to 16 computers to your Wireless Network with additional
desktop and notebook adapters. Position your Belkin Modem Router in between your
Broadband ADSL line and your computer to start sharing your broadband Internet access.
For better wireless performance, use the Belkin G Wireless Modem Router with a G
Wireless USB Adapter (F5D7050), Notebook (F5D7010) and Desktop Cards (F5D7000)
when connecting your client computers. (client adapters sold separately)
4. ESTeem Home Page

ESTeem Home Page

ESTeem Wireless Modems manufacturers the complete line of ESTeem(TM) wireless

products. The ESTeem Wireless Modems are available in High Speed Wireless Ethernet,
Unlicensed Spread Spectrum and Licensed Narrow Band Serial in the VHF and UHF
radio communication bands.

The industry leader and patent holder on the wireless modem for over 20 years, EST has
been providing the industrial control, public safety, and federal markets with proven and
reliable wireless solutions. With our latest advancements to the ESTeem Wireless
Ethernet line such as the Model 195Eg, the first 802.11g Wireless Ethernet radio built for
the rigors of industrial use, we will again set the standard in the wireless industry!

5. History
While some analogue mobile phones provided a standard RJ11 telephone socket into
which a normal landline modem could be plugged, this only provided slow dial-up
connections, usually 2.4 kilobit per second (kbit/s) or less. The next generation of phones,
known as 2G (for 'second generation'), were digital, and offered faster dial-up speeds of
9.6kbit/s or 14.4kbit/s without the need for a separate modem. A further evolution called
HSCSD used multiple GSM channels (two or three in each direction) to support up to
43.2kbit/s. All of these technologies still required their users to have a dial-up ISP to
connect to and provide the Internet access - it was not provided by the mobile phone
network itself.

5.1 The release of 2.5G phones with support for packet data changed this. The 2.5G
networks break both digital voice and data into small chunks, and mix both onto the
network simultaneously in a process called packet switching. This allows the phone to
have a voice connection and a data connection at the same time, rather than a single
channel that has to be used for one or the other. The network can link the data connection
into a company network, but for most users the connection is to the Internet. This allows
web browsing on the phone, but a PC can also tap in to this service if it connects to the
phone. The PC needs to send a special telephone number to the phone to get access to the
packet data connection. From the PC's viewpoint, the connection still looks like a normal
PPP dial-up link, but it is all terminating on the phone, which then handles the exchange
of data with the network. Speeds on 2.5G networks are usually in the 30–50kbit/s range.

5.2 3G networks have taken this approach to a higher level, using different underlying
technology but the same principles. They routinely provide speeds over 300kbit/s. Due to
the now increased internet speed, internet connection sharing via WLAN has become a
workable reality. Devices which allow internet connection sharing or other types of
routing on cellular networks are called cellular routers instead of modems which only
allow a single serial data connection.

5.3 A further evolution is the 3.5G technology HSDPA, which has the capacity to provide
speeds of multiple Megabits per second.

WiMax has now also been announced, which will allow internet connection sharing over
WANs (being region-wide, as opposed to local with WiFi), effectively perhaps
eliminating the need of wireless modems. This, of course, only in areas where WiMax is
to be introduced (eg cities).

6. Service Providers
There are competing common carriers broadcasting signal in most nations of the earth.
Some of these Cellular networks and the carrier's service plans are:

North America Europe Asia Oceania

• Canada • German • Japanese • Australia

providers providers providers: providers
 List of T-mobile NTT Telstra
Canadian docomo
mobile Vodafone Optus
phone au (mobile
companies E-Plus phone 3 Mobile
operator)
• United States O2 plc Virgin
providers SoftBank Mobile
• United Mobile
T-mobile Kingdom Vodafone
providers EMOBILE
AT&T Limited • New Zealand
Mobility T-mobile providers
Willcom
Verizon Vodafone Telecom
Wireless • Sri Lankan Xtra
O2 plc providers
Sprint
Nextel Orange Mobitel
SA
Corporation Dialog
3
Alltel (telecomm • Indian
unications providers
Cricket )
Communica BSNL
tions • Portuguese
providers: VSNL
• Mexico
providers TMN Airtel

Telcel Vodafone Vodafone

Essar
Iusacell Optimus
Tata
• Spanish Indicom
providers:
Reliance
Movistar Mobile

Vodafone Virgin
Mobile
Orange India
(brand)
• Indonesian
 Yoigo providers

• Belgian Indosat
providers:

ClearWire

7. Device Manufacturers
• Danger • Onda Communication
• Freewave Technologies • Option N.V.
• HTC (includes Qtek and Dopod) • Panasonic
• Hewlett Packard (HP) • RIM (BlackBerry)
• Huawei • Samsung
• LG Electronics • Sierra Wireless
• Motorola • Sony Ericsson
• Nokia • Telit

• Novatel Wireless • Qualcomm

8. Technologies
• GPRS (2.5G) • HSDPA (3.5G)
• CDPD • iBurst (pre-4G)
• CDMA2000 • HiperMAN (pre-4G)
• EDGE • WiMAX (pre-4G)
• UMTS (3G) • WiBro (pre-4G)
• GPRS Core Network
• GAN (UMA) (pre-4G)
• IP Multimedia Subsystem
9. Account hacking
In order to obtain completely free internet access anywhere in range of GPRS
transmitters (of certain providers), some people have found several hacks.

For example there has been a known hack with an Airtel prepaid card.Also, some
companies such as BSNL and Vodafone have flaws in their servers, allowing to use their
GPRS network for free. Also, a special tactic involving the pinging of the servers of
GPRS providers also allows the obtaining of an IP address which can then be used to use
their network.

10. See also

• Mobile broadband • Smartphones
• Laptop • Cellular router
• Netbook • EVDO
• mobile modem • Access Point Name (APN)
• Dongle
• Terminal node controller
• Tethering
11. BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. ^ Wireless Modem with GPS example; the Ericsson EC400g^

2. Apple.com: 802.11 overview
3. PCWorld.com: 3G network speeds
4. Microsoft.com: signal interference
5. Explanation of Wireless Internet Speeds | eHow.com

a. 6.http://www.ehow.com/facts_5749382_explanatio
n-wireless-internet

7.speeds.html#ixzz0z2kBFFyB

8^ Pinging of WISP's
 Explanation of Wireless Internet Speeds
By Tom McNamara, eHow Contributor
updated: December 18, 2009

When using a wireless home network or a cell phone, you may wonder how fast your
devices can transfer data over a network, what allows them to go at certain speeds, and
what factors can slow these speeds down.
Wireless Home Networks
1. Wireless home networks use the 802.11 standard. The popular varieties of this
standard are 802.11b, g and n. 802.11b has a maximum of 11 megabits per second
(Mb/s), g is 54 Mb/s, and n can go up to 144 Mb/s in ideal conditions.

Environmental Factors
2. Wireless network communication is affected by signal interference, whether it's a
cordless phone, microwave, or a wall between your computer and the wireless
modem that connects you to the internet.

Environmental Response
3. When these obstacles are present, your connection speed will slow down or fail
altogether. Furthermore, there are no set rules for performance; you will have to
adjust on a case-by-case basis.

Mobile Phone Speeds

4. A cell phone on a 3G network can transfer at a speed of several megabits per
second. Your speed is also determined by how close you are to a cell tower and
the obstructions of terrain and signal interference.

Local Area and Wide Area

5. Regardless of the speed of your home network, the speed at which you transfer
files over the internet is still determined by your internet service provider (ISP). If
your ISP caps you at five megabits per second, no computer on your network can
download a file faster than that speed.

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4. Bibliography
a.