SEMESTER 1 (2003/2004)

1. Consider a plane that contains the point P (1, 2,  1) , and the line whose
parametrization is given by:
x  2  3t , y  4  t , z  5  t .
(a) Find an equation of the plane
(b) Find the distance between the point R ( 4, 1, 3) and the plane in part (a).
(10 points)
2. (a) Find the length of the parametrized curve given by
x  3t 2 , y  t3, z  6t , 0  t 1 .

(b) A point moves along the curve C with position vector r (t ) given by
 4
r (t )  4 t i  (t 2  10) j  k , t0 .
t
Find parametric equations for the tangent line to C at the point P(8, 6, 1) .
(10 points)
3. Suppose that the vector r (t )  t 2 i  t j determines a curve C.
(a) Sketch the graph of C .
(b) Find the unit tangent and unit normal vectors, T(t ) and N (t ) .
(c) Sketch T(t ) and N (t ) at the point where t = 1.
(d) Find the radius of curvature to the curve at t = 1.
(10 points)

4. (a) Find the tangential and normal components of acceleration for a point moving

along a curve C with position vector r (t )  t (cos t i  sin t j)
(b) A point P is moving with an acceleration 12 j  5 k , at time t. If, at time t = 1, the
coordinates of P are (1, 3, 3
2
) and its velocity is 3 i  2 j  4 k , find its position vector

r (t ) .
(10 points)

5. (a) Find and sketch the equation of the level curve of

f ( x, y )  ( x  2) 2  ( y  3) 2 .

that contains the point P(4,-3).

x2  y2
(b) Use polar coordinate to find lim
( x , y )( 0,0) 
sin x 2  y 2 .
(c) Given w( x, y , z )  x 2 e yz  y ln z , find the differential dw.
(10 points)

6. (a) The surface of a lake is represented by a region D in the xy

plane such that the depth (in feet) under the point (x,y) is

f ( x, y )  300  2 x 2  3 y 2 .

(i) In what direction should a boat at P(4,9) sail for the depth of the water to decrease
most rapidly and determine the maximum rate of decrease ?

(ii) In what direction does the depth remain the same?

(b) Find the equation of the tangent plane and the normal line to the graph
  y 
of x  ln   at the point P(0,2,1).
 2z 
(10 points)
1 1 3
7. Find the extrema and saddle points of f ( x, y )  x 3  y 3  x 2  4 y .
3 3 2
(10 points)

1 1 x 2
8. Given  
0 0
( x 2  y 2 )dydx, reverse the order of integration and evaluate the resulting
integral using polar coordinates.
(10 points)

9. Set up a triple integral of x 2  y 2 over the solid which is bounded by the surfaces
z 32  ( x 2  y 2 ) and z  x2  y 2 using
(a) rectangular coordinates
(b) cylindrical coordinates.
( Do not evaluate the integral )
(10 points)

10. Find the volume of the region Q which is bounded above by the sphere  r and below by the

cone    where 0    .
2
(10 points)

SEMESTER 1 (2004/2005)

1. (a) Find parametric equations for the line parallel to a  1, 1,1  and passes
through P( 4, 2, -3 ).
(b) Find an equation of the plane with normal vector n  i  2 j  3 k and contains the point
Q( -1, -1, -1 ).
(c) Determine whether the line in part (a) is parallel to the plane in part (b).
(d) Find the points where the curve r (t )  t i  t 2 j  2t k intersects the plane in (b).
(10 points)
2. Discuss and sketch the graph of the following equation,
(a) z  sin y
(b) 9 x 2  y 2  4 z 2  18 x  2 y  16 z  10

(c) x  ( z  3) 2  ( y  2) 2  5

1
(d) z  4x 2  9 y 2
6
(e) x 2  3 y 2  3 z 2  0
(10 points)
1
3. (a) Find the domain of r (t )  ln t i  j 9 t2 k .
t4
3
(b) If r (t )   sin t i  cos t j  t k , find r (t ) subject to the condition
2

2
 r (0)  2 i  3 j  k .
(c) Find an equation of the normal plane at the point P(1, 0, 1) to the following
curve whose coordinates are given by,
x  e t cos t , y  e t sin t , z  et . (10
points)
4. Find the radius of curvature and the centre of curvature of the curve y  ln x at the

point P(1, 0). (10 points)

5. A point moves along a path in such a way that its coordinates at time t are given by,
x  3 cos t , y  2 sin t , 0  t  2 .
(a) Find the instantaneous velocity, acceleration and speed of the particle at time t.
(b) Sketch
(i) the path of motion of the point.
(ii) the position and velocity vectors at time t   / 4. .
(c) Find the tangential and normal components of the acceleration vector at the
the point corresponding to time t   / 4. .
(10 points)

6. Let f ( x, y )  x2  y2 .

(a) Find the domain of f .

(b) Sketch the graph of f .
(c) Sketch the level curve that passes through P (0, 3).

(d) For the curve in (c), use a suitable scale to draw the gradient vector at P (0, 3).

(10 points)
7. (a) Determine whether the limit exists. If so, find its value.
x4  y4
(i) lim
( x , y ) ( 0 , 0 ) x2  y2

x 2  6x  9
(ii) lim
( x , y )  ( 3, 1) xy  3 y  x  3

(b) Let w  x 2  2 xy  3 y . Use differentials to find the approximate change in w

if ( x, y ) changes from (1, 2) to (1.03, 1.99).
dy
(c) Consider the equation e xy  ye y  1 . Find using
dx
(i) Implicit differentiation
(ii) Partial derivatives.
(10 points)
8. (a) Find the equations for the tangent plane and normal line to the graph of
x 3  2 xy  z 3  7 y  6  0 at the point P (1, 4, 3).

3
 (b) Find the extrema and saddle points of
1 3
f ( x, y )  x  4 xy  9 x  y 2
3
(10 points)
4 4

e
x2
9. (a) Consider dxdy. Reverse the order of integration and evaluate the
0 y

resulting integral .
(b) Use polar coordinates to find the volume of the solid inside the sphere
x 2  y 2  z 2  25 and outside the cylinder x 2  y 2  9 .
(10 points)
10. Find the volume of the solid that is bounded above by the cone z  x  y , 2 2 2

below by the xy -plane, and on the sides by the hemisphere z 4  x2  y2 .

(10 points)

SEMESTER 1 2005/2006

1. Given curve C determined by r (t )  5 cos t i  3 sin t j  4 k ;  2  t  2 .

(a) Sketch the curve C and indicate the orientation.

(b) Find r' (t ) and sketch r(t) and r' (t ) for t =

.
2
(10 points)
2. For the curve r (t )  (t  1) i  ( t 2  2) j and point P(1, -2),

(a) find the radius of curvature for P.

(b) find the center of curvature for P.
(c) sketch the graph and the circle of curvature for P.
(10 points)
3. Let C be the curve determined by r (t )  t , 2t , t 2  .
(a) Find the unit tangent and normal vectors T(t) and N(t).
(b) Find the tangential and normal components of acceleration at t = 1.
(10 points)

4. Given f ( x, y )  16  4 x 2  9 y 2 :

(a) (i) Identify and sketch the graph of f.

(ii) Find the equation of the level curve of f that contains the point P ( 0, 1 ) .

(b) If g ( x, y )  5 x 4  3 y 4 and h( x, y )  7 xy :

4
 f ( x, y )
(i) Find lim if it exists.
( x , y )( 0,1) g ( x, y )
h( x, y )
(ii) Show that lim does not exist.
( x , y ) ( 0 , 0 ) g ( x , y )

(iii) Find f ( g ( x, y ), h( x, y ))

(10 points)
2
5. If w  f ( x, y, z )  3 xye z  2 ln( y 3  z )  x 2 zy  5e ,

(a) Find w xyz .

(b) Verify that w xyy  w yyx .
(c) Use differentials to approximate the change in w if ( x, y.z ) changes from ( 3, 2,1 ) to
( 2.99, 2.02, 0.97 ) .
(10 points)

dy
6. (a) Use partial derivatives to find if y  f (x) is determined implicitly by 5
dx
x 3  2 xy 2  3 y 3  5 .
(b) The temperature T at ( x, y , z ) is given by T  2 x 3  y 2  2 z 2 .

(i) Find the rate of change of T at P ( 2, 3,  5 ) in the direction of 3i  4 j  5k

(ii) In what direction does T increase most rapidly at P?
(iii) What is the maximum rate of change?
(10 points)
7. (a) Find equations of the tangent plane and the normal line to z  6  x 2  y 2 at the point
(1,2,1).
(b) Find all relative extrema and saddle points of the function
f ( x, y )  8 x 3  24 xy  y 3 .
(10 points)

x2 y2
8. (a) Use a double integral to find the area of the region bounded by the ellipse  1.
4 9
b
b a2  b2  a2   b 
  tan 1  
[ Hint  a 2  x 2 dx 
2  2    ]
0    a2  b2 
(b) Find the volume under the plane z  x  2 y  4 and above the region

R bounded by the lines x  0, x  3 y and y  0.

(10 points)
1
9. (a) Use polar coordinate to evaluate  dA where
R 1 x2  y2

R is a region inside the circle x 2  y 2  4 in the first quadrant.

5
 2 1 x xy
1
(b) Evaluate    (y z ) dz dy dx .
0 x 0

(10 points)
10. (a) Use spherical coordinates to compute the integral

 ( x
2
 y 2  z 2 )1 / 2 dV where R is the solid defined by x 2  y 2  z 2  4 .
R
(b) Use cylindrical coordinates to compute the integral

 ( x
2
 y 2 ) 1 / 2 dV where R is the solid bounded
R
above by the plane z  2 and below by the surface 2z  x 2  y 2 .

(10 points)
SEMESTER 1 06/07
1 (a) A shell is fired from a canon which has a muzzle speed(initial speed) of 800 ft / sec . The
barrel makes 45 0 with the horizontal and, for simplicity, the barrel opening is assumed to be
at
the ground level.
(i) Find the parametric equations for the shell’s trajectory to the coordinate system.
(ii) How high does the shell rise?
(iii) How far does the shell travel horizontally?
(iv) What is the speed of the shell at its point of impact with the ground.

(b) Find the radius curvature, the center of curvature and sketch the graph and the
circle of curvature for p if y  e x ; p (0,1)

(c) A certain gas obeys the ideal gas law PV  8T . Suppose that the gas is being heated at the
1
rate of 2  / min and the pressure is increasing at a rate of
2
 lb / in 2  / min . If, at a certain
 
instant, the temperature is 200 0 and the pressure is 10 lb / in 2 . , find the rate at which the
volume is changing.

2. (a) Sketch both the level curve C of f that contains p and f p if f ( x, y )  y 2  x 2

and p ( 2,1) .

(b) Find the equation of the plane which contains the line x  3  2t , y  2  4t , z  6
and is parallel to the plane 2 x  y  z  0

3. (a) Find the maximum and minimum values of f ( x, y )  x 3  3 xy  y 3 over the triangular
region R with vertices (1,2), (1,-2) and (-1,-2).

6
 (b) Use Lagrange multiplier to find the maximum and minimum values of

f ( x, y )  x 2  2 x  y 2 with the constraint curve 3x 2  2 y 2  48

12  5
4. (a) If Du W (5,10)  17 for u  ,  and Dv W (5,10)  13 2 for
13 13
1 1
v  ,  , what are W x (5,10) and W y (5,10)
2 2
(b) Approximate the quantity below using differentials
(5.01) 2  ( 2.07) 2  ( 2.98) 2

5. (a) Evaluate the double integral  xy dA ;

R is the triangle with vertices (0,0),
R

(1,1), (4,1).
2 2 x x2
(b) Evaluate the double integral  
0 0
x 2  y 2 dydx

4 4
 
2
6. (a) Evaluate the integral ex dxdy .
0 y

(b) Find the volume of the tetrahedron bounded by the coordinate planes and the plane
3 x  6 y  4 z  12  0 .

7. (a) Use polar coordinates to compute the area of the outer loop of the
limacon r  1  2 cos( ) .

(b) Find the surface area of the first octant portion of the plane z  2  x  y that lies inside the

cylinder x 2  y 2  1 .

8. (a) Use spherical coordinates to compute

3

ex  dz dy dx .
1 1 x 2 1 x 2  y 2
  
2
 y2 z2 2

1  1 x 2  1 x 2  y 2

(b) Set-up(But do not evaluate) an iterated triple integral in cylindrical coordinates for
 z e  x  dv
2
2  y 2  3 xy
where Q is bounded by the cylinder x 2  y 2  9 and the planes
Q

z  1 and z  4 .

SEMESTER 2 (2006/2007)

7
1. a. Find the equation of a plane which contains point ( 2,5,6) and parallel to the plane
3 x  y  2 z  10 .
(6 points)
b. Find parametric equations for the line of intersection of the two planes
x  2 y  9 z  7 and 2 x  3 y  17 z  0
(6 points)
2. a. Name and sketch the quadric surface z  3 x 2  3 y 2  0
(5 points)
b. Simplify the equation: 9 x  y  4 z  18 x  2 y  16 z  10 into a standard form of a
2 2 2

quadric
surface equation. Name and determine the center of the quadric surface.
(7 points)
3. a. At what point(s) does y  e x have maximum curvature. (7 points)

b. Find the area of the triangle that is determined by the points P1 ( 2,2,0) ,

P2 ( 1,0,2) and P3 (0,4,3) .

(6 points)
4. a. The pressure P , volume V , and temperature T of a confined gas related by
the ideal law PV  kT , where k is a constant. If P and V are changing at the
dP dV dT
rates and , respectively , find a formula for .
dt dt dt
(5 points)
b. If the electric potential at a point ( x, y ) in the xy-plane is V ( x, y ) , then the

electric intensity vector at ( x, y ) is E  V ( x, y ) . Suppose that

V ( x, y )  e 2 x cos(2 y )

 
(i) Find the electric intensity at ,0  .
4 
(ii) Show that at each point in the plane, the electric potential
decreases most rapidly in the direction of E
(10 points)
5. a. Determine the dimensions of a rectangular box, opens at the top, having a volume of 32 ft 3 ,
and requiring the least amount of material for its construction.
(7 points)
b. Use Lagrange Lagrange multipliers to find the point on the sphere x  y  z  9 that is
2 2 2

closest to the point ( 2,3,4) .

(7 points)
6. Evaluate

8
 e  x dA ,
2
 y2
a.  where R is the region enclosed by the circle x 2  y 2  1
R

(7 points)
4 2
 
3
b. e x dxdy
0 y

(7 points)

7. Use cylindrical coordinates to find the volume of the solid bounded above and below by the sphere
x 2  y 2  z 2  9 and laterally by the cylinder x 2  y 2  4 .
(10 points)

8. Find the volume of the “ice cream cone” D cut from the solid sphere   1 by the cone   .
3
(10 points)

SEMESTER 1-2007/08

1. (a) Find the area of the triangle that is determined by the points P1 ( 2, 2, 0) ,

P2 ( 1, 0, 2) and P3 (0, 4, 3) using vector product.

(b) Find parametric equations for the line of intersection of the two planes
x  2 y  9 z  7 and 2 x  3 y  17 z  0
(10 points)
2. (a) Sketch the level curve z  k for k  0,1, 2, 3 if z  x2  y2

(b) Rewrite the equation z 2  8 x  4 x 2  4 z  y 2  2 y into a standard form of a

quadric surface equation. Name and determine the center of the quadric surface.
(10 points)
3. (a) Show that if u is a vector from any point on a line to a point P not on the
line, and v is a vector parallel to the line, then the distance between P and the
u v
line is given by .
v

(b) Find the curvature for the helix

r (t )  a cos(t ), a sin(t ), bt  if a, b  0 and a 2  b 2  0

(11 points)

4. (a) The pressure P , volume V , and temperature T of a confined gas are related

9
 by the ideal law PV  kT , where k is a constant. If P and V are changing at
dP dV dT
the rates and , respectively , find a formula for .
dt dt dt

(b) The temperature at a point (x, y) on a metal plate in the xy-plane is

xy
T ( x, y )  degrees Celsius.
1 x2  y2

(i) Find the rate of change of temperature at (1,1) in the direction of

a  2i  j

(ii) An ant at (1,1) wants to walk in the direction in which the

temperature drops most rapidly. Find a unit vector in that
direction.
(12 points)

5. (a) A closed rectangular box with a volume of 16 ft 3 is made from two kinds of
materials. The top and bottom are made from a material costing RM10 per
square foot and the sides from a material costing RM5 per square foot. Find
the dimensions of the box so that the cost of the materials used is minimized.

(b) Use Lagrange multipliers to find the point on the sphere

x 2  y 2  z 2  36 that is closest to and farthest from the point (1, 2, 2) .

(c) Determine the limit if it exists:

lim xy lim x4  y4
(i) (ii)
( x, y )  (0,0) x  y 2
2 ( x, y )  (0,0) x 2  y 2

(15 points)

6. Evaluate

(a)  xy dA , where
R is the triangle with vertices (0,0), (1,1) and (4,1).
R
4 2
3
(b) Evaluate the integral   e x dxdy
0 y

(14 points)
7. (a) Find the volume of solid bounded by the coordinate planes and the plane
3 x  6 y  4 z  12  0
(b) Use cylindrical coordinates to evaluate

10
 3 9 x 2 9 x 2  y 2

  
2
x dz dy dx
3  9 x 2 0

(14 points)
8. (a) Use spherical coordinates to evaluate
2 4 x 2 4 x 2  y 2

   z2 x 2  y 2  z 2 dz dy dx
2  4 x 2 0

(b) Use polar coordinates to compute the area of the region outside the circle
r  6 and inside the cardioid r  4  4 cos  .
(14 points)

SEMESTER 2-2007/08

1. (a) Sketch the plane 3 x  4 y  2 z  12

(b) Find the parametrizations for the line of intersection of the plane in part (a) and the plane
2 x  y  3z  6 .

(c) Find the equation of the plane through the points A( 2, 3, 4 ) , B ( 4, 3, 2 ) and
perpendicular to the plane in part (a).
(d) Calculate the distance of the point P (  1, 1, 3 ) from the plane in part (c).
(10 points)

2. (a) A particle traveling in a straight line is located at the point (  1, 2, 3 ) and has a speed 3

units at time t  0 . The particle moves toward the point ( 4, 5, 6 ) with constant
acceleration i + 3j - 2k.
Find its position vector r(t) at any time t .
(b) Given the vector valued function r(t) = t i + sin t j. Find the following:
i. Unit tangent vector T(t).
ii. Principal unit normal vector N(t).
iii. Tangential component of acceleration aT .

iv. Normal component of acceleration a N .

 
v. Curvature at the point P  , 1 .
2 
vi. Equation for the circle of curvature at the point P in part v .
(15 points)
3. (a) Let f ( x, y )  4  x 2  y 2 .
i. Find the domain and range for the function f .

11
 ii. Sketch the level curves for f ( x, y )  k , k  5, 0, 1, 4 .

iii. Sketch the surface of z  f ( x, y ) .

x2  2y2
(b) Let f be the function defined by f ( x, y )  for ( x, y )  (0,0) .
x2  y2

i. Find lim f ( x, y ) .
( x , y )  ( 3,1)

ii. Prove that f has no limit at (0,0) .

(10 points)
x y
4. (a) Given f ( x, y )  , find f x and f y . Hence, deduce that yf x  xf y  2 f .
x y
(b) A plate is heated in such a way that its temperature at a point ( x, y) measured in centimeters
on the plate is given in degrees Celsius by
64
T ( x, y ) 
x2  y2  4

i. Find the rate of change in temperature at the point (1, 1) in the direction
2i + j.
ii. Find the direction and the magnitude of the greatest rate of change of the

temperature at the point (1, 1) .

(15 points)

5. (a) The packaging section in a company has been asked to design a rectangular
box with no top and a partition down the middle. The box must have a volume of 1296 cubic
cm.
Find the dimensions of the box that will minimize the amount of material used to construct the
box.
(b) Find the maximum distance and the minimum distance from the origin to the ellipse

5 x 2  6 xy  5 y 2  4 .
(15 points)

6 (a) Change the order of the integration for the integral and then evaluate it.
1 3x

 
0 x
xy dy dx .

(b) Set up the triple integral for the volume of the solid bounded by the graph of the surface

y  4  x 2  z 2 and the xz-plane. DO NOT evaluate the integral.

(10 points)

  
7. (a) (i) If the cylindrical coordinates of a point P are  6,  , 2  , find the
 3 

12
 rectangular coordinates for P .
(ii) If the rectangular coordinates of a point P are given as (1, 3 , 2) , find the

spherical coordinates of P .

1 1 x 2 2 1 x 2  y 2
(b) Use cylindrical coordinates to evaluate 
1
 2

0
4 dz dy dx .
 1 x

(10 points)

  2 
8. (a) If the spherical coordinates of a point Q are known to be  4, ,  , find
 6 3 
the rectangular and cylindrical coordinates for Q .

(b) Use spherical coordinates to evaluate the integral  S

z dx dy dz , where the solid S is

defined by the inequalities, x2 y2  z , x  y  z  4 ,

2 2 2
z  0.
(15 points)

SEMESTER 1-2008/09

1. (a) Find the following:

i) The distance from the line x  3  t , y  1  t, z  2  t to the

plane 3 x  y  5 z  10 .
ii) The distance between the planes 3 x  y  5 z  10 and 3 x  y  5 z  1 .

(b) The planes 3 x  6 z  1 and 2 x  2 y  z  3 intersect in a line.

i) Find the parametric equations of the line of intersection.

ii) Show that the two planes are orthogonal.
[10 marks]

2. A particle is located at the point (3, 2, 1) at time t  0 . It travels in a straight line to the point
(5,2,5), has a speed of 3 units at (3,2,1) and a constant acceleration 3i  4 j  k .
(a) Find the position vector r(t) of the particle at any time t.
(b) Calculate the curvature of the curve y  x 2  1 at the point (0, 1) and find the equation of
the circle of curvature at that point.
(c) An object of mass m travels along the parabola y  x 2  1 with a constant speed of 10
units/sec. Find the unit tangent vector T(t) and the principal unit normal vector N(t) at the
point (0, 1).
[15 marks]

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3. (a) Given g ( x, y )  36  9 x 2  4 y 2

i) Find the domain of g.

ii) Find the range of g.
iii) Sketch the level curve of g ( x, y ) that passes through the point (1,2).

iv) Find the linear approximation of the function f ( x, y, z )  x 3 y 2  z 2 at the point

(2,3,4) and use it to estimate the number (1.98) 3 (3.01) 2  (3.97) 2 .

[10 marks]

4. (a) Verify that u  sin(kx) sin( 2kt ) satisfies u tt  4u xx .

(b) Suppose that f ( x, y )  e xy , x (u , v )  3u sin v and y (u , v )  4v 2 u. For

g g 3 f
g (u , v )  f ( x (u , v ), y (u , v )) , find the partial derivatives , and .
u v xy 2

(c) The equation of a surface S is z  8 x 2  2 y 2 .

i) Find a vector normal to S at the point P(-1,1,5).
ii) Hence find the equation of the tangent plane and the parametric equation of the
normal line to the surface S at the point P(-1,1,5).
[10 marks]

5. (a) Suppose that you are climbing a hill whose shape is given by the equation
z  1000  0.01x 2  0.02 y 2
and you are standing at a point with coordinates (60,100,764). In which direction should
you proceed initially in order to reach the top of the hill the fastest?
(b) Supposed that the temperature of a metal plate is given by
T ( x, y )  x 2  2 x  y 2

for points (x,y) on the elliptical plate where x 2  4 y 2  24 .

i) Find the coolest point in the plate by finding the critical points of the temperature
function.
ii) Find the hottest point on the boundary of the plate using Lagrange Multipliers.

[20 marks]
1 x2
6. (a) Evaluate the integral   dydx .
0  x2

2 2x x2
(b) Change the integral  
0 0
y x 2  y 2 dy dx into polar coordinates. Then, evaluate the

resulting integral.

14
 [10 marks]

7. (a) If the rectangular coordinates for P are ( 2 ,2, 3 ) , find the cylindrical coordinates and
spherical coordinates for P.
(b) Find an equation in cylindrical coordinates for the elliptic paraboloid z  x 2  3y 2 .

(c) Use cylindrical coordinates to compute the integral  xy dx dy dz where R is the
R

cylindrical
solid x 2  y 2  1 with 0  z  1 . [10
marks]
8. (a) Evaluate the following integral by changing it to spherical coordinates,
2 4 x2 4 x2  y 2

 
 2 4  x 2
0
z 2 x 2  y 2  z 2 dz dy dx

1
(b) Find the volume of the solid that lies above the cone    and inside the sphere   3 .
3

[15 marks]

15
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