SEMESTER 1 (2003/2004)

1. Consider a plane that contains the point P (1, 2,  1) , and the line whose
parametrization is given by:
x  2  3t , y  4  t , z  5  t .
(a) Find an equation of the plane
(b) Find the distance between the point R ( 4, 1, 3) and the plane in part (a).
(10 points)
2. (a) Find the length of the parametrized curve given by
x  3t 2 , y  t3, z  6t , 0  t 1 .

(b) A point moves along the curve C with position vector r (t ) given by
 4
r (t )  4 t i  (t 2  10) j  k , t0 .
t
Find parametric equations for the tangent line to C at the point P(8, 6, 1) .
(10 points)
3. Suppose that the vector r (t )  t 2 i  t j determines a curve C.
(a) Sketch the graph of C .
(b) Find the unit tangent and unit normal vectors, T(t ) and N (t ) .
(c) Sketch T(t ) and N (t ) at the point where t = 1.
(d) Find the radius of curvature to the curve at t = 1.
(10 points)

4. (a) Find the tangential and normal components of acceleration for a point moving

along a curve C with position vector r (t )  t (cos t i  sin t j)
(b) A point P is moving with an acceleration 12 j  5 k , at time t. If, at time t = 1, the
coordinates of P are (1, 3, 3
2
) and its velocity is 3 i  2 j  4 k , find its position vector

r (t ) .
(10 points)

5. (a) Find and sketch the equation of the level curve of

f ( x, y )  ( x  2) 2  ( y  3) 2 .

that contains the point P(4,-3).

x2  y2
(b) Use polar coordinate to find lim
( x , y )( 0,0) 
sin x 2  y 2 .
(c) Given w( x, y , z )  x 2 e yz  y ln z , find the differential dw.
(10 points)

6. (a) The surface of a lake is represented by a region D in the xy

plane such that the depth (in feet) under the point (x,y) is

f ( x, y )  300  2 x 2  3 y 2 .

(i) In what direction should a boat at P(4,9) sail for the depth of the water to decrease
most rapidly and determine the maximum rate of decrease ?

(ii) In what direction does the depth remain the same?

(b) Find the equation of the tangent plane and the normal line to the graph
  y 
of x  ln   at the point P(0,2,1).
2z
(10 points)
1 1 3
7. Find the extrema and saddle points of f ( x, y )  x 3  y 3  x 2  4 y .
3 3 2
(10 points)

1 1 x 2
8. Given  
0 0
( x 2  y 2 )dydx, reverse the order of integration and evaluate the resulting
integral using polar coordinates.
(10 points)

9. Set up a triple integral of x 2  y 2 over the solid which is bounded by the surfaces
z 32  ( x 2  y 2 ) and z  x2  y 2 using
(a) rectangular coordinates
(b) cylindrical coordinates.
( Do not evaluate the integral )
(10 points)

10. Find the volume of the region Q which is bounded above by the sphere  r and below by the

cone    where 0    .
2
(10 points)

SEMESTER 1 (2004/2005)

1. (a) Find parametric equations for the line parallel to a  1, 1,1  and passes
through P( 4, 2, -3 ).
(b) Find an equation of the plane with normal vector n  i  2 j  3 k and contains the point
Q( -1, -1, -1 ).
(c) Determine whether the line in part (a) is parallel to the plane in part (b).
(d) Find the points where the curve r (t )  t i  t 2 j  2t k intersects the plane in (b).
(10 points)
2. Discuss and sketch the graph of the following equation,
(a) z  sin y
(b) 9 x 2  y 2  4 z 2  18 x  2 y  16 z  10

(c) x  ( z  3) 2  ( y  2) 2  5

1
(d) z  4x 2  9 y 2
6
(e) x 2  3 y 2  3 z 2  0
(10 points)
1
3. (a) Find the domain of r (t )  ln t i  j  9  t2 k .
t4
3
(b) If r (t )   sin t i  cos t j  t k , find r (t ) subject to the condition
2

2
 r (0)  2 i  3 j  k .
(c) Find an equation of the normal plane at the point P(1, 0, 1) to the following
curve whose coordinates are given by,
x  e t cos t , y  e t sin t , z  et . (10
points)
4. Find the radius of curvature and the centre of curvature of the curve y  ln x at the

point P(1, 0). (10 points)

5. A point moves along a path in such a way that its coordinates at time t are given by,
x  3 cos t , y  2 sin t , 0  t  2 .
(a) Find the instantaneous velocity, acceleration and speed of the particle at time t.
(b) Sketch
(i) the path of motion of the point.
(ii) the position and velocity vectors at time t   / 4. .
(c) Find the tangential and normal components of the acceleration vector at the
the point corresponding to time t   / 4. .
(10 points)

6. Let f ( x, y )  x2  y2 .

(a) Find the domain of f .

(b) Sketch the graph of f .
(c) Sketch the level curve that passes through P (0, 3).

(d) For the curve in (c), use a suitable scale to draw the gradient vector at P (0, 3).

(10 points)
7. (a) Determine whether the limit exists. If so, find its value.
x4  y4
(i) lim
( x , y ) ( 0 , 0 ) x2  y2

x 2  6x  9
(ii) lim
( x , y )  ( 3, 1) xy  3 y  x  3

(b) Let w  x 2  2 xy  3 y . Use differentials to find the approximate change in w

if ( x, y ) changes from (1, 2) to (1.03, 1.99).
dy
(c) Consider the equation e xy  ye y  1 . Find using
dx
(i) Implicit differentiation
(ii) Partial derivatives.
(10 points)
8. (a) Find the equations for the tangent plane and normal line to the graph of
x 3  2 xy  z 3  7 y  6  0 at the point P (1, 4, 3).

3
 (b) Find the extrema and saddle points of
1 3
f ( x, y )  x  4 xy  9 x  y 2
3
(10 points)
4 4

e
x2
9. (a) Consider dxdy. Reverse the order of integration and evaluate the
0 y

resulting integral .
(b) Use polar coordinates to find the volume of the solid inside the sphere
x 2  y 2  z 2  25 and outside the cylinder x 2  y 2  9 .
(10 points)
10. Find the volume of the solid that is bounded above by the cone z  x  y , 2 2 2

below by the xy -plane, and on the sides by the hemisphere z 4  x2  y2 .

(10 points)

SEMESTER 1 2005/2006

1. Given curve C determined by r (t )  5 cos t i  3 sin t j  4 k ;  2  t  2 .

(a) Sketch the curve C and indicate the orientation.

(b) Find r' (t ) and sketch r(t) and r' (t ) for t =

.
2
(10 points)
2. For the curve r (t )  (t  1) i  ( t 2  2) j and point P(1, -2),

(a) find the radius of curvature for P.

(b) find the center of curvature for P.
(c) sketch the graph and the circle of curvature for P.
(10 points)
3. Let C be the curve determined by r (t )  t , 2t , t 2  .
(a) Find the unit tangent and normal vectors T(t) and N(t).
(b) Find the tangential and normal components of acceleration at t = 1.
(10 points)

4. Given f ( x, y )  16  4 x 2  9 y 2 :

(a) (i) Identify and sketch the graph of f.

(ii) Find the equation of the level curve of f that contains the point P ( 0, 1 ) .

(b) If g ( x, y )  5 x 4  3 y 4 and h( x, y )  7 xy :

4
 f ( x, y )
(i) Find lim if it exists.
( x , y )( 0,1) g ( x, y )
h( x, y )
(ii) Show that lim does not exist.
( x , y ) ( 0 , 0 ) g ( x , y )

(iii) Find f ( g ( x, y ), h( x, y ))

(10 points)
2
5. If w  f ( x, y, z )  3 xye z  2 ln( y 3  z )  x 2 zy  5e ,

(a) Find w xyz .

(b) Verify that w xyy  w yyx .
(c) Use differentials to approximate the change in w if ( x, y.z ) changes from ( 3, 2,1 ) to
( 2.99, 2.02, 0.97 ) .
(10 points)

dy
6. (a) Use partial derivatives to find if y  f (x) is determined implicitly by 5
dx
x 3  2 xy 2  3 y 3  5 .
(b) The temperature T at ( x, y , z ) is given by T  2 x 3  y 2  2 z 2 .

(i) Find the rate of change of T at P ( 2, 3,  5 ) in the direction of 3i  4 j  5k

(ii) In what direction does T increase most rapidly at P?
(iii) What is the maximum rate of change?
(10 points)
7. (a) Find equations of the tangent plane and the normal line to z  6  x 2  y 2 at the point
(1,2,1).
(b) Find all relative extrema and saddle points of the function
f ( x, y )  8 x 3  24 xy  y 3 .
(10 points)

x2 y2
8. (a) Use a double integral to find the area of the region bounded by the ellipse  1.
4 9
b
b a2  b2  a2   b 
  tan 1  
[ Hint  a 2  x 2 dx 
2  2    ]
0    a2  b2 
(b) Find the volume under the plane z  x  2 y  4 and above the region

R bounded by the lines x  0, x  3 y and y  0.

(10 points)
1
9. (a) Use polar coordinate to evaluate  dA where
R 1 x2  y2

R is a region inside the circle x 2  y 2  4 in the first quadrant.

5
 2 1 x xy
1
(b) Evaluate    (y z ) dz dy dx .
0 x 0

(10 points)
10. (a) Use spherical coordinates to compute the integral

 ( x
2
 y 2  z 2 )1 / 2 dV where R is the solid defined by x 2  y 2  z 2  4 .
R
(b) Use cylindrical coordinates to compute the integral

 ( x
2
 y 2 ) 1 / 2 dV where R is the solid bounded
R
above by the plane z  2 and below by the surface 2z  x 2  y 2 .

(10 points)
SEMESTER 1 06/07
1 (a) A shell is fired from a canon which has a muzzle speed(initial speed) of 800 ft / sec . The
barrel makes 45 0 with the horizontal and, for simplicity, the barrel opening is assumed to be
at
the ground level.
(i) Find the parametric equations for the shell’s trajectory to the coordinate system.
(ii) How high does the shell rise?
(iii) How far does the shell travel horizontally?
(iv) What is the speed of the shell at its point of impact with the ground.

(b) Find the radius curvature, the center of curvature and sketch the graph and the
circle of curvature for p if y  e x ; p (0,1)

(c) A certain gas obeys the ideal gas law PV  8T . Suppose that the gas is being heated at the
1
rate of 2  / min and the pressure is increasing at a rate of
2
 lb / in 2  / min . If, at a certain
 
instant, the temperature is 200 0 and the pressure is 10 lb / in 2 . , find the rate at which the
volume is changing.

2. (a) Sketch both the level curve C of f that contains p and f p if f ( x, y )  y 2  x 2

and p ( 2,1) .

(b) Find the equation of the plane which contains the line x  3  2t , y  2  4t , z  6
and is parallel to the plane 2 x  y  z  0

3. (a) Find the maximum and minimum values of f ( x, y )  x 3  3 xy  y 3 over the triangular
region R with vertices (1,2), (1,-2) and (-1,-2).

6
 (b) Use Lagrange multiplier to find the maximum and minimum values of

f ( x, y )  x 2  2 x  y 2 with the constraint curve 3x 2  2 y 2  48

12  5
4. (a) If Du W (5,10)  17 for u  ,  and Dv W (5,10)  13 2 for
13 13
1 1
v  ,  , what are W x (5,10) and W y (5,10)
2 2
(b) Approximate the quantity below using differentials
(5.01) 2  ( 2.07) 2  ( 2.98) 2

5. (a) Evaluate the double integral  xy dA ;

R is the triangle with vertices (0,0),
R

(1,1), (4,1).
2 2 x x2
(b) Evaluate the double integral  
0 0
x 2  y 2 dydx

4 4
 
2
6. (a) Evaluate the integral ex dxdy .
0 y

(b) Find the volume of the tetrahedron bounded by the coordinate planes and the plane
3 x  6 y  4 z  12  0 .

7. (a) Use polar coordinates to compute the area of the outer loop of the
limacon r  1  2 cos( ) .

(b) Find the surface area of the first octant portion of the plane z  2  x  y that lies inside the

cylinder x 2  y 2  1 .

8. (a) Use spherical coordinates to compute

3

ex  dz dy dx .
1 1 x 2 1 x 2  y 2
  
2
 y2 z2 2

1  1 x 2  1 x 2  y 2

(b) Set-up(But do not evaluate) an iterated triple integral in cylindrical coordinates for
 z e  x  dv
2
2  y 2  3 xy
where Q is bounded by the cylinder x 2  y 2  9 and the planes
Q

z  1 and z  4 .

SEMESTER 2 (2006/2007)

7
1. a. Find the equation of a plane which contains point ( 2,5,6) and parallel to the plane
3 x  y  2 z  10 .
(6 points)
b. Find parametric equations for the line of intersection of the two planes
x  2 y  9 z  7 and 2 x  3 y  17 z  0
(6 points)
2. a. Name and sketch the quadric surface z  3 x 2  3 y 2  0
(5 points)
b. Simplify the equation: 9 x  y  4 z  18 x  2 y  16 z  10 into a standard form of a
2 2 2

quadric
surface equation. Name and determine the center of the quadric surface.
(7 points)
3. a. At what point(s) does y  e x have maximum curvature. (7 points)

b. Find the area of the triangle that is determined by the points P1 ( 2,2,0) ,

P2 ( 1,0,2) and P3 (0,4,3) .

(6 points)
4. a. The pressure P , volume V , and temperature T of a confined gas related by
the ideal law PV  kT , where k is a constant. If P and V are changing at the
dP dV dT
rates and , respectively , find a formula for .
dt dt dt
(5 points)
b. If the electric potential at a point ( x, y ) in the xy-plane is V ( x, y ) , then the

electric intensity vector at ( x, y ) is E  V ( x, y ) . Suppose that

V ( x, y )  e 2 x cos(2 y )

 
(i) Find the electric intensity at ,0  .
4 
(ii) Show that at each point in the plane, the electric potential
decreases most rapidly in the direction of E
(10 points)
5. a. Determine the dimensions of a rectangular box, opens at the top, having a volume of 32 ft 3 ,
and requiring the least amount of material for its construction.
(7 points)
b. Use Lagrange Lagrange multipliers to find the point on the sphere x  y  z  9 that is
2 2 2

closest to the point ( 2,3,4) .

(7 points)
6. Evaluate

8
 e  x dA ,
2
 y2
a.  where R is the region enclosed by the circle x 2  y 2  1
R

(7 points)
4 2
 
3
b. e x dxdy
0 y

(7 points)

7. Use cylindrical coordinates to find the volume of the solid bounded above and below by the sphere
x 2  y 2  z 2  9 and laterally by the cylinder x 2  y 2  4 .
(10 points)

8. Find the volume of the “ice cream cone” D cut from the solid sphere   1 by the cone   .
3
(10 points)

SEMESTER 1-2007/08

1. (a) Find the area of the triangle that is determined by the points P1 ( 2, 2, 0) ,

P2 ( 1, 0, 2) and P3 (0, 4, 3) using vector product.

(b) Find parametric equations for the line of intersection of the two planes
x  2 y  9 z  7 and 2 x  3 y  17 z  0
(10 points)
2. (a) Sketch the level curve z  k for k  0,1, 2, 3 if z  x2  y2

(b) Rewrite the equation z 2  8 x  4 x 2  4 z  y 2  2 y into a standard form of a

quadric surface equation. Name and determine the center of the quadric surface.
(10 points)
3. (a) Show that if u is a vector from any point on a line to a point P not on the
line, and v is a vector parallel to the line, then the distance between P and the
u v
line is given by .
v

(b) Find the curvature for the helix

r (t )  a cos(t ), a sin(t ), bt  if a, b  0 and a 2  b 2  0

(11 points)

4. (a) The pressure P , volume V , and temperature T of a confined gas are related

9
 by the ideal law PV  kT , where k is a constant. If P and V are changing at
dP dV dT
the rates and , respectively , find a formula for .
dt dt dt

(b) The temperature at a point (x, y) on a metal plate in the xy-plane is

xy
T ( x, y )  degrees Celsius.
1 x2  y2

(i) Find the rate of change of temperature at (1,1) in the direction of

a  2i  j

(ii) An ant at (1,1) wants to walk in the direction in which the

temperature drops most rapidly. Find a unit vector in that
direction.
(12 points)

5. (a) A closed rectangular box with a volume of 16 ft 3 is made from two kinds of
materials. The top and bottom are made from a material costing RM10 per
square foot and the sides from a material costing RM5 per square foot. Find
the dimensions of the box so that the cost of the materials used is minimized.

(b) Use Lagrange multipliers to find the point on the sphere

x 2  y 2  z 2  36 that is closest to and farthest from the point (1, 2, 2) .

(c) Determine the limit if it exists:

lim xy lim x4  y4
(i) (ii)
( x, y )  (0,0) x  y 2
2 ( x, y )  (0,0) x 2  y 2

(15 points)

6. Evaluate

(a)  xy dA , where
R is the triangle with vertices (0,0), (1,1) and (4,1).
R
4 2
3
(b) Evaluate the integral   e x dxdy
0 y

(14 points)
7. (a) Find the volume of solid bounded by the coordinate planes and the plane
3 x  6 y  4 z  12  0
(b) Use cylindrical coordinates to evaluate

10
 3 9 x 2 9 x 2  y 2

  
2
x dz dy dx
3  9 x 2 0

(14 points)
8. (a) Use spherical coordinates to evaluate
2 4 x 2 4 x 2  y 2

   z2 x 2  y 2  z 2 dz dy dx
2  4 x 2 0

(b) Use polar coordinates to compute the area of the region outside the circle
r  6 and inside the cardioid r  4  4 cos  .
(14 points)

SEMESTER 2-2007/08

1. (a) Sketch the plane 3 x  4 y  2 z  12

(b) Find the parametrizations for the line of intersection of the plane in part (a) and the plane
2 x  y  3z  6 .

(c) Find the equation of the plane through the points A( 2, 3, 4 ) , B ( 4, 3, 2 ) and
perpendicular to the plane in part (a).
(d) Calculate the distance of the point P (  1, 1, 3 ) from the plane in part (c).
(10 points)

2. (a) A particle traveling in a straight line is located at the point (  1, 2, 3 ) and has a speed 3

units at time t  0 . The particle moves toward the point ( 4, 5, 6 ) with constant
acceleration i + 3j - 2k.
Find its position vector r(t) at any time t .
(b) Given the vector valued function r(t) = t i + sin t j. Find the following:
i. Unit tangent vector T(t).
ii. Principal unit normal vector N(t).
iii. Tangential component of acceleration aT .

iv. Normal component of acceleration a N .

 
v. Curvature at the point P  , 1 .
2 
vi. Equation for the circle of curvature at the point P in part v .
(15 points)
3. (a) Let f ( x, y )  4  x 2  y 2 .
i. Find the domain and range for the function f .

11
 ii. Sketch the level curves for f ( x, y )  k , k  5, 0, 1, 4 .

iii. Sketch the surface of z  f ( x, y ) .

x2  2y2
(b) Let f be the function defined by f ( x, y )  for ( x, y )  (0,0) .
x2  y2

i. Find lim f ( x, y ) .
( x , y )  ( 3,1)

ii. Prove that f has no limit at (0,0) .

(10 points)
x y
4. (a) Given f ( x, y )  , find f x and f y . Hence, deduce that yf x  xf y  2 f .
x y
(b) A plate is heated in such a way that its temperature at a point ( x, y) measured in centimeters
on the plate is given in degrees Celsius by
64
T ( x, y ) 
x2  y2  4

i. Find the rate of change in temperature at the point (1, 1) in the direction
2i + j.
ii. Find the direction and the magnitude of the greatest rate of change of the

temperature at the point (1, 1) .

(15 points)

5. (a) The packaging section in a company has been asked to design a rectangular
box with no top and a partition down the middle. The box must have a volume of 1296 cubic
cm.
Find the dimensions of the box that will minimize the amount of material used to construct the
box.
(b) Find the maximum distance and the minimum distance from the origin to the ellipse

5 x 2  6 xy  5 y 2  4 .
(15 points)

6 (a) Change the order of the integration for the integral and then evaluate it.
1 3x

 
0 x
xy dy dx .

(b) Set up the triple integral for the volume of the solid bounded by the graph of the surface

y  4  x 2  z 2 and the xz-plane. DO NOT evaluate the integral.

(10 points)

  
7. (a) (i) If the cylindrical coordinates of a point P are  6,  , 2  , find the
 3 

12
 rectangular coordinates for P .
(ii) If the rectangular coordinates of a point P are given as (1, 3 , 2) , find the

spherical coordinates of P .

1 1 x 2 2 1 x 2  y 2
(b) Use cylindrical coordinates to evaluate 
1
 2

0
4 dz dy dx .
 1 x

(10 points)

  2 
8. (a) If the spherical coordinates of a point Q are known to be  4, ,  , find
 6 3 
the rectangular and cylindrical coordinates for Q .

(b) Use spherical coordinates to evaluate the integral  S

z dx dy dz , where the solid S is

defined by the inequalities, x2 y2  z , x  y  z  4 ,

2 2 2
z  0.
(15 points)

SEMESTER 1-2008/09

1. (a) Find the following:

i) The distance from the line x  3  t , y  1  t, z  2  t to the

plane 3 x  y  5 z  10 .
ii) The distance between the planes 3 x  y  5 z  10 and 3 x  y  5 z  1 .

(b) The planes 3 x  6 z  1 and 2 x  2 y  z  3 intersect in a line.

i) Find the parametric equations of the line of intersection.

ii) Show that the two planes are orthogonal.
[10 marks]

2. A particle is located at the point (3, 2, 1) at time t  0 . It travels in a straight line to the point
(5,2,5), has a speed of 3 units at (3,2,1) and a constant acceleration 3i  4 j  k .
(a) Find the position vector r(t) of the particle at any time t.
(b) Calculate the curvature of the curve y  x 2  1 at the point (0, 1) and find the equation of
the circle of curvature at that point.
(c) An object of mass m travels along the parabola y  x 2  1 with a constant speed of 10
units/sec. Find the unit tangent vector T(t) and the principal unit normal vector N(t) at the
point (0, 1).
[15 marks]

13
3. (a) Given g ( x, y )  36  9 x 2  4 y 2

i) Find the domain of g.

ii) Find the range of g.
iii) Sketch the level curve of g ( x, y ) that passes through the point (1,2).

iv) Find the linear approximation of the function f ( x, y, z )  x 3 y 2  z 2 at the point

(2,3,4) and use it to estimate the number (1.98) 3 (3.01) 2  (3.97) 2 .

[10 marks]

4. (a) Verify that u  sin(kx) sin( 2kt ) satisfies u tt  4u xx .

(b) Suppose that f ( x, y )  e xy , x (u , v )  3u sin v and y (u , v )  4v 2 u. For

g g 3 f
g (u , v )  f ( x (u , v ), y (u , v )) , find the partial derivatives , and .
u v xy 2

(c) The equation of a surface S is z  8 x 2  2 y 2 .

i) Find a vector normal to S at the point P(-1,1,5).
ii) Hence find the equation of the tangent plane and the parametric equation of the
normal line to the surface S at the point P(-1,1,5).
[10 marks]

5. (a) Suppose that you are climbing a hill whose shape is given by the equation
z  1000  0.01x 2  0.02 y 2
and you are standing at a point with coordinates (60,100,764). In which direction should
you proceed initially in order to reach the top of the hill the fastest?
(b) Supposed that the temperature of a metal plate is given by
T ( x, y )  x 2  2 x  y 2

for points (x,y) on the elliptical plate where x 2  4 y 2  24 .

i) Find the coolest point in the plate by finding the critical points of the temperature
function.
ii) Find the hottest point on the boundary of the plate using Lagrange Multipliers.

[20 marks]
1 x2
6. (a) Evaluate the integral   dydx .
0  x2

2 2x x2
(b) Change the integral  
0 0
y x 2  y 2 dy dx into polar coordinates. Then, evaluate the

resulting integral.

14
 [10 marks]

7. (a) If the rectangular coordinates for P are ( 2 ,2, 3 ) , find the cylindrical coordinates and
spherical coordinates for P.
(b) Find an equation in cylindrical coordinates for the elliptic paraboloid z  x 2  3y 2 .

(c) Use cylindrical coordinates to compute the integral  xy dx dy dz where R is the
R

cylindrical
solid x 2  y 2  1 with 0  z  1 . [10
marks]
8. (a) Evaluate the following integral by changing it to spherical coordinates,
2 4 x2 4 x2  y 2

 
 2 4  x 2
0
z 2 x 2  y 2  z 2 dz dy dx

1
(b) Find the volume of the solid that lies above the cone    and inside the sphere   3 .
3

[15 marks]
Semester 2 – 2008/2009

QUESTION 1 [ 10 marks]

(a) x 2  y 2  z 2  Ax  By  Cz  D  0 represents an equation of a sphere with

the point ( 5,  1, 3 ) and centre C ( 1, 2, 3 ) .Find the constants A, B, C

and D.
[4 marks]

(b) A force of 10 Newton that acts in the negative direction of vector

a  i  4 j  5k is applied to move an object from point P (  3,1, 7 ) to

Q ( 2,  5,1 ) . Find the work done in moving the object.

[3 marks]

(c) The x, y and z intercepts of the plane are 2, 3, -1 respectively.

(i) Find the equation of the plane.
(ii) Find the angle between the plane and the line represented by
r(t) = (2+3t)i +(2t-1)j+(4t+5)k.
[3 marks]

QUESTION 2 [ 15 marks]

15
(a) A particle moves along a curve whose parametric equation are x  2 cos 3t , y  2 sin 3t , z  t
, where t is the time.
(i ) Sketch the curve for 0  t  2 and indicate its orientation.
(ii) Find the unit vectors T, N and curvature at t = 0.
(iii) Find the equation of the rectifying plane and normal plane at t = 0.
[12marks]

(b) An object moves with displacement

R (t )  e t i  ( 2t  3) j  e  t k
Find the speed of the object at time t and compute the distance the object travels between time t = 0 and
t = 1.
[3 marks]

QUESTION 3 [ 10 marks]

1
(a) Find the domain and range of f ( x, y ) 
25  x 2  y 2

[3 marks]

(b) Sketch the level surface of f ( x, y , z )  x 2  y 2 at f ( x, y , z )  3

[2 marks]

W W
(c) Use appropriate forms of the chain rule to find the derivatives and given that
u v

rs
W ; r  uv , s  u  2v
r  s2
2

[5 marks]

QUESTION 4 [ 10 marks]

(a) Find all points on the ellipsoid 2 x 2  3 y 2  z 2  9 at which the tangent plane is parallel to the plane
x  2 y  3z  5

[2.5 marks]

16
 y
(b) Sketch the level curve of f ( x, y )  that passes through P(-2,2). Find the gradient of f ( x, y ) at
x2
P and hence sketch the gradient at P on the level curve.
[4 marks]

(c) Suppose that the temperature at a point (x, y, z) in space is given by

80
T ( x, y , z )  , where T is measured in degrees Celcius and x, y, z
1  x 2  2 y 2  3z 2
in meters. In which direction does the temperature increase fastest at the point (1,1,-1)?
[3.5 marks]

QUESTION 5 [ 20 marks]

(a) Find all critical points on the graph of f ( x, y )  8 x 3  24 xy  y 3 , and

use the second partial test to classify each point as a relative extremum or a saddle point.
[9.5marks]

(b) Find the local extreme points of f ( x, y )  xy 2 on the ellipse x 2  3 y 2  1 using

the Lagrange Multipliers method
[10.5 marks]

QUESTION 6 [ 10 marks]

Evaluate the following integrals:

2 4 y 2 ye 2 x
(a)  
0 0 4x
dx dy

[5.5 marks]

1 1 y 2
(b)  
1  1 y 2
ln(1  x 2  y 2 ) 2 dx dy

[4.5 marks]

QUESTION 7 [ 13 marks]

(a) Find the volume of the solid in the first octant bounded by the coordinates
planes, the plane x  z  4 and the cylinder y  16  x 2 .
[6 marks]

17
(b) Change the point P ( 3 / 2,1 / 2, 3 ) in rectangular coordinates into cylindrical
coordinates.
[2 marks]

2 4 x 2 y 1
(c) Evaluate the integral   2 0  0 x  y2
2
dz dy dx in cylindrical coordinates.

[5 marks]

QUESTION 8 [ 12 marks]

(a) Find an equation in spherical coordinates whose graph is the sphere x 2  ( y  1) 2  ( z  2) 2  5 .

[2 marks]

(b) Evaluate the integral by changing to spherical coordinates.

3
9 y 2 9 x 2  y 2 1
 
0
2
y  0
x2  y2  z2
dz dx dy

[10 marks]
Semester 1 -2009/2010

QUESTION 1 [ 10 marks]

(a) Find the distance from the point P (1,2,4) to the line whose parametric equations
are x  2  2t , y  3t , z  3  4t .
[ 4 marks]

(b) Find an equation of the plane that passes through the origin and is parallel to the
vectors u  i  2 j  3k and v  i  j  2k .
[ 3 ½ marks]

(c) Identify and sketch the graph of  x 2  y 2  z 2  1 .

[ 2 ½ marks]

QUESTION 2 [ 12marks]

(a) Find T(t), N(t) for the circular helix x  a cos t , y  a sin t , z  ct , where a  0
[6 marks]

(b) Find the minimum and maximum values of radius of curvature for the curve

18
 x  cos(t ) , y  sin(t ) , z  cos(t )
[6 marks]

QUESTION 3 [ 14 marks]

1  1  f f f
(a) Given f ( x, y , z )  tan  
2 3  , find
, ,
 xy z  x y z

[6 marks]

(b) According to the ideal gas law, the pressure, temperature, and volume of a gas are
kT
related by P  where P is pressure, T is temperature, V is volume and k is
V
constant. Suppose that for a certain gas, k  10 .

 lb 
(i) Find the instantaneous rate of change of pressure  2  with respect to
 in 
temperature if the temperature is 80 K ( kelvin) and the volume remains fixed at 50in 3 .
(ii) Find the instantaneous rate of change of volume with respect to pressure if
the volume is 50in 3 and the temperature remains fixed at 80 K .
[8 marks]

QUESTION 4 [ 9 marks]

The temperature (in degree celcius) at a point ( x, y , z ) in metal solid is

xyz
T ( x, y , z )  ,
1 x  y2  z2
2

(a) Find the rate of change of temperature at (1,1,1) in the direction of the origin
[3 marks]

(b) Find the direction in which the temperature rises most rapidly at (1,1,1) .
(Express your answer as a unit vector)
[3 marks]

(c) Find the rate at which the temperature rises moving from (1,1,1) in the direction
obtained in part (b).
[3 marks]

QUESTION 5 [ 15 marks]

19
(a) Find all the local maxima, local minima and saddle points of the function
f ( x, y )  x 3  3 x 2  3 y 2  8  y 3
[5 marks]

(b) Find the maximum and minimum values of the function f ( x, y )  3 x  4 y on the

circle x 2  y 2  1 using the Lagrange Multipliers method.

[5 marks]

(c) A closed rectangular box with volume of 16 ft 3 is made from two kinds of materials. The top and the
bottom are made of material costing 10 cents per square foot and the sides from material costing 5
cents per square foot. Find the dimension of the box so that the cost of materials is minimized.
[5 marks]

QUESTION 6 [ 12 marks]

(a) Use a double integral to find the area of the region in the xy  plane bounded by
the graphs of x  y , x y 2 and y  0.
3

[6 marks]

4 4
 
2
(b) Consider e  x dx dy . Reverse the order of integration and evaluate the
0 y

resulting integral.
[6 marks]

QUESTION 7 [14 marks]

(a) Use polar coordinates to find the volume of the solid inside the sphere
x 2  y 2  z 2  25 and outside the cylinder x 2  y 2  9 .
[ 7 marks]

(b) Set up an iterated triple integral in cylindrical coordinates to find the volume of the solid bounded

above by the hemisphere z  32  x 2  y 2 and bounded below by the cone z  x2  y2 .

(Do not evaluate the integral.)

[7 marks]

QUESTION 8 [ 14 marks]

  
(a) If a point P has spherical coordinates  4, , , find its rectangular and
 6 3

20
 cylindrical coordinates.
[4 marks]

(b) Evaluate the integral by changing to spherical coordinates.

2 2 y 16  x 2  y 2
 0   16  y 2  0
x 2  y 2  z 2 dz dx dy

[10 marks]
Semester 2 -2009/2010
QUESTION 1 [ 12 marks]

(a) Given the sphere x 2  y 2  z 2  2 x  2 y  4 z  3  0 .

i) Find the radius and centre of the sphere. [4 marks]

ii) Find the distance from the centre to the origin. [1 mark]

iii) Find the longest and the shortest distances between the origin and the sphere.
[3 marks]

(b) How much work does it take to slide a crate 20 meter along a loading dock by

pulling on it with a 200 Newton force at an angle of 30 0 from the horizontal?

[4 marks]

QUESTION 2 [ 9 marks]

(a) Where does the line x  1  t , y  3  t , z  2t intersect the cylinder

x 2  y 2  16 ?

[4 marks]

(b) Find an equation of the plane through ( 1, 2,  5) and perpendicular to the planes
2 x  y  z  1 and x  y  2 z  3 .
[5 marks]

QUESTION 3 [ 11 marks]

(a) Let r (t )  e  t i  2 cos 3t j  2 sin 3t k be the position of a particle in space at

time t .
Find the following:
i) The particle’s velocity vector at time t.

21
 ii) The particle’s acceleration vector at time t.
iii) The particle’s speed and direction of motion at time t  0.
[4½ marks]

(b) A particle is located at the point (3, 2, 1) at time t  0 . It travels in a straight line
to the point (5, 2, 5), has a speed of 3 units at (3, 2, 1) and a constant acceleration
3 i  4 j  k . Find the position vector r(t) of the particle at any time t.
[6½ marks]

QUESTION 4 [ 10 marks]

Given the vector-valued function r (t )  t i  sin t j. Find the following:

(a) Unit tangent vector T(t ) . [1 mark]

(b) Principal unit normal vector N (t ) . [4 marks]

(c) Tangential component of acceleration aT . [1½ marks]

(d) Normal component of acceleration a N . [1½ marks]

 
(e) Curvature at the point P , 1 . [2 marks]
2 

QUESTION 5 [ 17 marks]

(a) Suppose w  f ( x, y , z ) is differentiable at the point ( 4, 24, 5) with

f x  4, 24, 5  5 , f y  4, 24, 5  3 and f z  4, 24, 5  7 . If x  t 2 , y  3t 3 and

dw
z  2t  1 , find at t = 2.
dt
[5 marks]
 Gm
(b) Consider the gravitational potential U ( x, y )  where G and m
x2  y2
are constants. Show that U increases or decreases most rapidly along a
line through the origin.
[4 marks]

(c) The flat circular plate has the shape of the region x 2  y 2  4 . The plate is heated
so that the temperature at the point (x, y) is
T ( x, y )  x 2  4 y 2  x
i) Use second partial derivative tests to determine the coldest point on the

22
 plate.
ii) Use method of Lagrange multipliers to determine the hottest point on the
plate.
[8 marks]

QUESTION 6 [ 13 marks]

(c) Use a double integral in polar coordinates to solve the following:

2 4 y 2
 
x2  y2
e dx dy
0  4 y 2

[8 marks]

(d) Reverse the order of integration and evaluate the resulting integral.
4 4
 0 y
2 x 2 cos xy dx dy

[5 marks]

QUESTION 7 [16 marks]

(c) Use a triple integral in Cartesian coordinates to find the volume of solid bounded by the coordinates

planes and the surface z  9  x 2  y .

[ 8 marks]

(d) i) Change the following equations from Cartesian coordinates to cylindrical

coordinates.
z 7x and x 2  y 2  3x  0
ii) Set up a triple integral in cylindrical coordinates to find the volume of the
right circular cylinder whose based is given by the equation,
x 2  y 2  3x  0 and whose top lies in the plane z  7  x .
Do not evaluate the integral.
[8 marks]

QUESTION 8 [ 12 marks]

  
(a) A point P has spherical coordinates 1, , , find its rectangular coordinates.
 6 4

23
 [2 ½ marks]

(b) Set up the integral in spherical coordinates. Do not evaluate the integral.
1 1 y 2 1 1 x 2  y 2
  
x 2  y 2  z 2  z 1
2
e dz dx dy
0  1 y 1 1 x 2  y 2

[9 ½ marks]
SEMESTER 1 2010/2011
QUESTION 1 [ 14 marks]

(a) Let u  1,2,1 , v  i  j and w  3,4,2  . Evaluate the following:

ii) uw [3.5 marks]

ii) (u  w )  v [1 mark]

iv) (u  w )  v [2.5 marks]

(b) Find the equation of the plane through A(-1,2,1), B(2,0,3) and C(4,1,-1).

Find the point at which the line x  1  t , y  2t , z  1  t meets the plane

containing A, B and C . [7 marks]

QUESTION 2 [ 16 marks]

(a) A fly is crawling along a wire helix such that its position vector is given by

r (t )  (6 cos  t ) i  (6 sin  t ) j  ( 2t )k , t  0.

At what point will the fly hit the sphere x 2  y 2  z 2  100 ? Assuming that it
starts at t = 0, how far did it travel in getting there ?
(Simplify your answer in terms of  )
[6 marks]

1 2t
(b) Given the vector valued function r (t )  t i  ( e ) j , find the unit vectors
2
T(t ), N (t ) and B( t ) at t  ln 2 .

24
 
s s

[10 marks]

Figure 1

QUESTION 3 [ 10 marks]

(a) The equal sides, s, and the included angle,, of an isosceles triangle (See Figure 1)
are increasing at rates of 3 cm/hr and 2/ hr, respectively. Find the rate at which
the area of the triangle is increasing at the time when the length of each of the
equal sides is 600 cm and the included angle is 60.


s s

Figure 1 [4 marks]

(b) Evaluate the limit if it exists :

xy  y
i) lim [3 marks]
2
( x , y )  (1, 2 ) x  x  2 xy  2 y

xy  yz  xz
ii) lim [3 marks]
( x , y , z )  ( 0, 0 , 0 ) x2  y2  z2

QUESTION 4 [ 10 marks]

(a) Given that f ( x, y , z )  z  x2  y2  k .

i) describe the level surfaces of f. [2 marks]

ii) sketch the level surfaces of f for values of k = -1, 0, 1.

[2 marks]

z
(b) Find if y x 2  z 2  cos x y z  3 z e
xy
4 [2 marks]
x

25
(c) Suppose the temperature T at the point (x, y, z) in a metal cube is given by
T= 4 x 2  y 2  16 z 2 .

i) Find the direction in which the function T increases most rapidly at

Po(4,-2,1).
[3 marks]

ii) Find the derivative of the function T in the direction of (c)(i) above.
[1 mark]

QUESTION 5 [ 10 marks]

(a) Find the local maxima, local minima, and saddle points of the function:

1 3 1 3 3 2
f ( x, y )  x  y  x  4y [5 marks]
3 3 2
(b) Use Lagrange multiplier to find the local extremas of

f ( x, y )  2 x 2  xy  y 2  y on the line 2 x  3 y  1 [5 marks]

QUESTION 6 [ 12 marks]

3 9 y 2 ye 3 x
(a) Given 0 0 9x
dx dy

i) Sketch the region of integration. [1 mark]

ii) Reverse the order of integration and evaluate the resulting integral.
[5 marks]

(b) Use polar coordinates to evaluate  2  

2 4 x 2
4 x 2
x 2
 y2  dy dx

[6 marks]
QUESTION 7 [14 marks]

(e) Use a triple integral in Cartesian/Rectangular coordinates to find the volume of the
tetrahedron bounded by the plane 2 x  y  3 z  6 and the coordinate planes.
[ 6 marks]

26
  2 
(b) i) A point P has cylindrical coordinates  4, , 3 . Find its rectangular and
 3 
spherical coordinates. [ 3 marks]

ii) Set up a triple integral in cylindrical coordinates to find the volume of the
right circular cylinder bounded above by the plane z  16  y and whose
base is the circle x2  y2  4y  0 in the xy-plane.
(Do not evaluate the integral) [5 marks]

QUESTION 8 [ 14 marks]

(a) Use triple integral in spherical coordinates to show that the volume of a
4
sphere of radius a units is  a 3 units 3 [6 marks]
3

(b) Evaluate the following integral:

 /3 cos ec 
0   / 4  0  3 sin 2  d d d [8 marks]

SEM 2 2010/2011

QUESTION 1 [ 10 marks]
(a) State whether the following is TRUE or FALSE

(i) The dot product of two vectors is a scalar. [1 mark]

uv
( ii) proj v u   v
is a scalar. [1 mark]
 v 2 
 

(iii) The graph of the equation x2  y2  z2  1 is a hyperboloid of one-sheet

whose axis is the x  axis. [1 mark]

(b) Find an equation of the plane that passes through the origin and is parallel to the

27
 vectors u  i  2 j  3k and v  i  j  2k .
[4 marks]
(c) Sketch the graph of the quadric surface 3x 2  3 y 2  z 2 . Identify the surface,
determine its axis and state whether its opening along its axis is a circle or an
ellipse.
[3 marks]

QUESTION 2 [ 10 marks]
(a) The curve C is given by the parametrization: x  1  2t 2 , y  4t , z  3  2t 2 , where
0  t  2.
(i) Suppose an ant moves along C. Find its velocity at the point (1, 4, 5) .
[3 marks]
(ii) Set up the integral to find the distance travelled by the ant within the given
interval for t. (Do not evaluate the integral) [3 marks]

(b) Find the vector valued function, r (t ) subject to the given condition.
r ' (t )  3i  4t 3 j  5 t k and r ( 0)  i  3 j  2 k .

[4 marks]

QUESTION 3 [ 9 marks]
Let C be the curve determined by r (t )  (t 2  1) i  4t j  k . Find the following:
(a) The unit tangent vector T(t ) and the principal unit normal N (t ) .
[4 marks]
(b) The curvature at t  1
[2 marks]
(c) The value of t at which the curvature is maximum.
[3 marks]

QUESTION 4 [ 12 marks]
Given the function f ( x, y )  x 2  4 y 2  16 ,
(a) Find the domain and range of f. Then sketch the graph of f.

28
 [4 marks]
(b) Find the equation of level curve containing the point (8, 2, 4 2 ) . Sketch the level
curve in two dimensional system.
[3 marks]
(c) Find the following limit if it exists. Otherwise show that the limit does not exist.
y2  z2
(i) lim [2 marks]
 x, y, z   1,3,3 y 3  z 3

3 xy 2
(ii) lim
 x , y   0 , 0  5 y 4  x 2
[3 marks]

QUESTION 5 [ 19 marks]
dy
(a) Use partial derivatives to find if y  f (x) is determined implicitly by the
dx
equation x ln xy  ye xy  xy 3 / 2  xy  1 .

[3 marks]
(b) A metal plate is located in an xy-plane such that the temperature T at (x, y) is
inversely proportional to the distance from the point (1,1). Find the following:
(i) The directional derivative of T at point P(3,2) in the direction of 3i + j.
[2 marks]
(ii) The directions in which T changes most rapidly at point P(3,2).
What is the maximum rate of change of T at point P(3,2)? [2 marks]

4 2
(c) (i) Find the extrema of the function f ( x, y )  x  y  xy . [4 marks]

(ii) Use Lagrange multipliers to find the maximum value of the function
f ( x, y, z )  8 x 2  4 yz  16 z  600 on the ellipsoid 4 x 2  y 2  4 z 2  16 .

[8 marks]

QUESTION 6 [ 13 marks]
3 9 y 2
(a) Given 0 0 y  2 xy dx dy .

(i) Sketch the region of integration. [2 marks]

(ii) Evaluate the integral. [5 marks]

29
 2 r0
(b) The integral  0  0
r dr d = the area of a circular region of radius r0 .

State TRUE or FALSE.

[1 mark]
(c) Use polar coordinates to calculate the area of the region that lies between the
circles r  2 and r  4 .
[5 marks]

QUESTION 7 [15 marks]

(a) Use a triple integral in Cartesian/Rectangular coordinates to find the volume of the
wedge cut from the cylinder x 2  y 2  1 by the planes z   y and z  0.
[6 marks]
 2 
(b) A point P has cylindrical coordinates  4, , 3 . Find its rectangular and spherical
 3 
coordinates.
[3 marks]
(c) Use a triple integral in cylindrical coordinates to find the volume of the solid
bounded above by the plane z  4 and bounded below by the paraboloid
z  x2  y2 .

[6 marks]

QUESTION 8 [12 marks]

(a) Find an equation in spherical coordinates for the sphere x 2  y 2  ( z  1) 2  1 .
[6 marks]
(b) Set up a triple integral in spherical coordinates to find the volume of the solid that
is bounded above by cone z x2  y2 , below by the xy-plane and laterally by
the hemisphere z 16  x 2  y 2 . (Do not evaluate the integral)

30
 [6 marks]
SEM 1 2011/2012

QUESTION 1 [ 12 marks]

Consider the sphere 3x 2  3 y 2  3z 2  3x  y  9 z  3  0 .

(a) Find the radius and centre of the sphere. [3 marks]

(b) Find the equation of the plane containing the centre of the sphere
and parallel to the plane 3x  y  2 z  5 . [3 marks]

(c) Find the distance between the two planes in part (b) above.
[3 marks]
(d) Calculate the work done by a force F = 5j (magnitude 5N) in moving an
object along the line from the centre of the sphere to the point ( 3,1,5)
(distance in meters).
[3 marks]

QUESTION 2 [ 10 marks]

(a) State whether the following statement is true or false.

i) (u  v )  w is a scalar quantity. [1 mark]

ii) (u  v )  0 if and only if u is orthogonal to v. [1 mark]

2
ii) u  uu [1 mark]

(b) Given the vectors, u  3i  4 j  5k , v  i  j  3k and w  2i  2 j  k .

Calculate the following:

i) The angle between u and v. [1 marks]

ii) The volume of the oblique box determined by u, v and w.

[3 marks]

31
(c) Name and sketch the quadric surface represented by the equation

x  y2  z2  5 . [3 marks]

QUESTION 3 [ 16 marks]

(a) r (t )  cos(2t 2 )i  sin( 2t 2 ) j, t  0 represents the motion of a particle along a

circle.

i) Does the particle has a constant speed? Yes / No [1 mark]

ii) Find the particle’s velocity and acceleration. [3 marks]

iii) Calculate the speed of the particle. [1 mark]

iv) Is the particle’s acceleration always orthogonal to its velocity vector?

Yes / No [1 mark]

(b) A particle is located at the point (1, 1, 1) at time t  0 . It travels in a straight line
to the point (5, 1, 5), has a speed of 3 units at (1, 1, 1) and a constant acceleration
3 i  j  2k . Find the position vector r(t) of the particle at any time t.
[5 marks]
(c) Find the parametric equations of the line tangent to the curve
t 1
r (t )  ln 2t i  j  t ln 2t k at t  1 [5 marks]
t2

QUESTION 4 [ 10 marks]
t2 t3
Given the vector-valued function r (t )  i j. Find the following:
2 3
(a) Unit tangent vector T(t ) . [2 marks]
(b) Principal unit normal vector N (t ) . [5 marks]
 8
(c) Curvature at the point P 2, . [3 marks]
 3

QUESTION 5 [ 20 marks]

(a) Consider the function f ( x, y )  x 2  3xy  y 2 .

i) Find the equation of the level curve containing the point (1, 3) .

32
 [2 marks]
ii) Calculate the rate of change of the function f at the point (1, 3) in the
direction of the vector v  3i  5 j .
[3 marks]
iii) From the given list, which are vectors?
force, directional derivative, differentials, acceleration, work done and
speed.
[1 mark]

(b) Suppose w  f ( x, y , z ) is differentiable at the point ( 2, 16, 5) with

f x  2, 16, 5  5 , f y  2, 16, 5  3 and f z  2, 16, 5  7 . If x  t , y  t 2 and

dw
z  2t  3 , find at t =4 .
dt
[2.5 marks]
(c) i) Find all the local extrema of the function f ( x, y )  e x  xe y .
[5 marks]
ii) Use method of Lagrange multipliers to find the point on the curve xy 2  2

that is closest to the origin.

[6.5 marks]
QUESTION 6 [ 10 marks]

ln 2 2
(a) Given 0 e x
dy dx .

i) Sketch the region of integration [1 mark]

ii) Set up and evaluate the integral by reversing the order of integration.
[4 marks]
(b) Find the volume of the tetrahedron bounded by the plane 3x  2 y  z  6 and
the coordinate planes.
[5 marks]
QUESTION 7 [10 marks]

(a) Use Polar Coordinates to find the area of the shaded region representing part of
the semi circle from x  1 to x  2 as given in Figure 1.
y

33
 2

-2 1 2 x

Figure 1
[3.5 marks]
(b) Let D be the right circular cylinder whose base is the circle x 2  y 2  3 x and

whose top lies in the plane z  3  x . Use triple integral in cylindrical coordinates
to find its volume.
[6.5 marks]
QUESTION 8 [ 12 marks]

(a) Given the equation x 2  y 2  ( z  4) 2  16 . Find its cylindrical and spherical

coordinates equations.
[3 marks]
(b) Set up the integral in spherical coordinates to find the volume of the solid
bounded below by the cone z x2  y2 and bounded above by the sphere
x 2  y 2  z 2  2z .

[9 marks]

SEM 2 2011/2012

QUESTION 1 [ 10 marks]

(a) Given the points P (1, 2, 2), Q (2, 1, 4), R (3, 5, 2) and S (0,1, 3).

i) Use vectors to calculate the volume of the parallelepiped (oblique box) having

adjacent sides PQ, PR and PS.

[2 marks]

ii) Find the equation of a plane containing the three points P, Q and R.
[2 marks]

34
(b) Find the parametric equations for the line in which the planes 2 x  y  z  3 and
4 x  y  3 z  5 intersect.

[3 marks]

(c) Find the distance between the parallel planes, P and P .

1 2

P1 : 2 x  3 y  z  6 and P2 : 4 x  6 y  2 z  8
[3 marks]

QUESTION 2 [ 10 marks]

(a) Sketch r ( t )  t i   4 t 1 j +  2-6 t  k , 0 �t �2 , and find its length.

[4 marks]
(b) Find the velocity and position of an object at any time t, given that its

acceleration is a ( t )  6 t , 12t  2, et , its initial velocity is v (0)  2, 0, 1 ,

and its initial position is r (0)  0, 3, 5

[6 marks]
QUESTION 3 [ 10 marks]

Let r ( t )  4 cos t i  4 sin t j + 3 tk . Find the following :

(a) Unit tangent vector T ( t ) and principal unit normal vector N ( t ) .


Sketch the unit tangent vector T ( t ) at t  . [8 marks]
2

(b) Find the curvature at t  . [2 marks]
2
QUESTION 4 [14 marks]

y
(a) Given the function of two variables, f ( x, y )  1  x  ,
2
(i) describe the domain of f ( x, y ).
(ii) sketch the graph of the function z  f ( x, y ).
[4 marks]
(b) Let S be the surface defined by z  x 2  y 2  20 for x  0 .
Sketch the level curves for this surface corresponding to z = 10, z = 20 and z = 30.
[3 marks]

35
 x2  9y2
(c) Evaluate lim
( x , y )  ( 3, 1) x  3y

[2 marks]
z z
(d) Find and dy if x 3  y 3  z 3  3 xyz  8 , where x and y are independent variables.
dx
[5 marks]

QUESTION 5 [16 marks]

(a) The temperature T, at a point (x, y) in the xy-plane is given by T ( x, y )  x 3 y 2 degrees

Celsius. Find a unit vector in the direction in which the temperature decreases most
rapidly at P(2,1) and find this maximum rate of decrease in temperature at P(2, 1).
[3 marks]
(b) Find an equation of the plane tangent to the surface z  3x 4 y  7 x 3 y  x 2  y  1 at the
point (1, 2,-6).
[3 marks]
(c) Locate all local extreme values of the function f ( x, y )  x 2 y  6 y 2  3 x 2 .
[4 marks]

(d) Use method of Lagrange Multipliers to find the maximum and the minimum values of
the function f ( x, y )  xy subject to the constraint 4 x 2  y 2  8 .
[6 marks]

QUESTION 6 [ 11 marks]

ln 2 5
(a) Evaluate   e 2 x  y dydx.
0 1

[4 marks]
4 4

 e  x dxdy.
2

(b) Consider Sketch the region of integration, reverse the order of

0 y

integration, and evaluate the resulting integral.

[5 marks]

(c) Use polar coordinates to calculate the area of the region that lies between the
circles r  2 and r  4 .

36
 [2 marks]

QUESTION 7 [12 marks]

1 1 x 2 4 x 2  y
(a) Evaluate the integral    xdz dy dx .
0 0 3

[6 marks]

(b) Let G be the wedge in the first octant cut from the cylindrical solid y2  z2  1 by
the planes y  x and x  0. Use a triple integral in rectangular coordinates to
find the volume of G.
[6 marks]

QUESTION 8 [17 marks]

(a) A point P has rectangular coordinates   1, 3, 2 3 ,  find:

i) its cylindrical coordinates. [1½ marks]

ii) its spherical coordinates. [1½ marks]

(b) Set up and evaluate a triple integral in cylindrical coordinates to find the volume
of a prism whose base is the triangle in the xy-plane bounded by y  x , y  2
and x  0 and whose top lies in the plane z  3  y .
[9 marks]

(c) Use spherical coordinates to set up :

 x 2  y 2  z 2 dV
Q

where Q is the solid between the sphere x2  y2  z2  z , the hemisphere

z 9  x2  y2 and the xy-plane.
(Do not evaluate the integral)
[5 marks]

37
SEM 3 2011/2012

QUESTION 1 [ 14 marks]

(a) Find the equation of the sphere having the centre C(-1,2,1) and tangent to the

plane 3x  2 y  z  5 . [4 marks]

(b) If r  x, y , z and r1  2i  2 j  k , describe the set of all points ( x, y , z ) such

that r  r1  4 in terms of equation and words. [3 marks]

(c) Let u  i  2 j  3k , v  j  i and w  3i  2k . Evaluate the following:

iii) u v [2.5 marks]

ii) (u  w )  v [1 mark]
v) (u  v )  w [2 marks]

(d) State whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE : [1.5 marks]

i) y2  z2 is the square of the distance from P ( x, y, z ) to the x-axis.

ii) The triple scalar product is a vector.

iii) Two vectors u, v are parallel iff u  v  0 .

QUESTION 2 [ 16 marks]

(a) A particle travels along the curve r (t )  (9  t 2 ) i  3t j 3t k from the point

 9, 0, 0  to 0, 3 3 ,3 3  . Calculate the following:

i) The particle’s velocity and acceleration at the point  0, 3 3 ,3 3  .

[3 marks]

38
 ii) The curvature of the curve represented by r (t ) at the point
0, 3 3 ,3 3 . [5 marks]
iii) The distance travelled by the particle between the two given points.
[4 marks]

[ Hint: u 2 a2
 a 2  u 2 du  a  u2  ln u  a 2  u 2  C ]
2 2

(b) Given the vector valued function r (t )  3 t i  3 cosh(t ) j , find the unit tangent
vector, T(t ) and the principal unit normal vector, N (t ) at t  ln 3.
[4 marks]

QUESTION 3 [ 10 marks]

(a) The function f ( x, y , z )  x 2  y 2 passes through the point (3, 4).

i) Find the domain of f . [1 mark]
ii) Sketch the level surface of the function at the point (3, 4).
[3 marks]

(b) Evaluate the limit if it exists: Otherwise show that the limit does not exist.

xz
i) lim [3 marks]
( x , y , z ) ( 3,1, 3) x3  z 3

x2
ii) lim  [3 marks]
( x , y ) ( 0, 0 )
x4  y4

QUESTION 4 [ 10 marks]

(a) Given that f ( x, y )  x y  log x  3 x 2 y , and y  2 t . Find df .

y x  t2
dt

( Leave the answer in terms of x, y and t ) [4 marks]

(b) Suppose the surface of the pond is represented by the region R in the xy – plane
such that the depth under the point (x, y) is D = 200  x 2  4 y 2 .

i) Find the direction in which the depth of the water increases most

39
 rapidly at Po(5,5). [2 marks]

ii) Calculate the derivative of the function D in the direction of i) above.

[1 mark]

iii) Find the direction in which the depth of the water remains the

same. [3 marks]

QUESTION 5 [ 10 marks]

(a) Find the local maxima, local minima, and saddle points of the function:

1 3 1 3 3 2
f ( x, y )  x  y  x  4y [5 marks]
3 3 2
(b) Find the maximum and minimum values of the function f ( x, y )  3 x  4 y on the

circle x 2  y 2  1 using the Lagrange Multipliers method.

[5 marks]

QUESTION 6 [ 12 marks]

3 9 y 2 ye 3 x
(a) Given  
0 0 9x
dx dy

i) Sketch the region of integration. [1 mark]

ii) Reverse the order of integration and evaluate the resulting integral.
[5 marks]

(b) Use polar coordinates to evaluate 2

 2  
4 x 2
4 x 2
x 2
 y2  dy dx [6 marks]

QUESTION
7 [14 marks]

(f) Use a triple integral in Cartesian/Rectangular coordinates to find the volume of the
tetrahedron bounded by the plane 2 x  y  3 z  6 and the coordinate planes.
[ 6 marks]
 2 
(b) i) A point P has cylindrical coordinates  4, , 3 . Find its rectangular and
 3 
spherical coordinates. [ 3 marks]

40
 ii) Set up a triple integral in cylindrical coordinates to find the volume of the
right circular cylinder bounded above by the plane z  16  y and whose
base is the circle x2  y2  4y  0 in the xy-plane.
(Do not evaluate the integral) [5 marks]
QUESTION 8 [ 14 marks]

(a) Use triple integral in spherical coordinates to show that the volume of a
4
sphere of radius a units is  a 3 units 3 [6 marks]
3

(b) Evaluate the following integral:

 /3 cos ec 
0   / 4  0  3 sin 2  d d d [8 marks]

41
42