ABSTRACT

Green building refers to a structure and using a process that is environmentally responsible
and resource efficient through out a building’s lifecycle. Since buildings consume nearly
50% of world’s total energy, green buildings, on the other hand, consume minimum
amount of energy with the use of energy efficient materials. Hence, location of green
buildings in the close proximity would create a green zone and providing much healthier
environment with minimum heat island effect. In India there are two primary rating
systems for green buildings GRIHA (green rating for integrated habitat assessment),
LEED (Leadership In Energy and Environmental Design).
The LEED Green Building rating system developed and managed by the USGBC, is the
most widely used rating system nationally and internationally. Buildings are given
ratings of platinum, gold and silver or “certified”, based on green building attributes. The
Indian green building council IGBC founded by collaboration between the confederation
of Indian industry (CII) and the private manufacture Godrej, has taken steps to promote
the green building concept in India. LEED- India rates on buildings on environmental
performance and energy efficiency during design , construction and operation stages .
Green Building when compared to a conventional building seems same extremely and in
building use but differs in the operational savings and concerns for human comfort and
indoor and environment. Green buildings enjoy the benefits of saving 40-50% energy by
reducing CO2 emissions into the atmosphere it also saves about 20-30% of water by using
rain harvesting or grey water re-use techniques. It also reduces VMT(Vehicle Miles
Travelled) by choosing the location near by public transport and conveniences which helps
in reduction of gasoline consumption. But on the other hand, green buildings face many
barriers like the high initial investments required for construction, spilt incentives.

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 INDEX

1) AIM OF THE PROJECT

2) INTRODUCTION
3) OBJECTIVES
4) METHODOLOGY
5) FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES
a. Energy efficiency.
b. Material efficiency
c. Water efficiency.
d. Waste and toxic reduction.
6) BUILDING DESIGN AND ESTIMATION
7) TECHNOLOGIES IMPLEMENTED
a) Solar Photovoltaic Module
b) Ground Water Recharge
8) CERTIFICATION AND GUIDELINES
9) MATERIALS USED
a) Fly-Ash Blocks
b) High Volume Fly-Ash Concrete
c) Low VOC Paints
d) Solar Reflective Glass
10) COMPARISION BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL BUILDING
AND GREEN BUILDING
11) FUTURE SCOPE
12) MERITS & DEMERITS OF GREEN BUILDING
13) CONCLUSION .
14) REFERENCES

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The aim of project is to “Find out a simple and economical way of

constructing a Which a common man from a middle class

or an upper middle class family can easily afford.”

WHEN SMART
MEETS
GREEN WHAT DO
YOU GET ? ? ?
THE
S.M.A.R.T.
GREEN
TECHNOLOGY
BUILDING
S.M.A.R.T.
• S=Sustainable
• M=Meaningful
• A=Applied
• R=Research
• T=Training
+
GREEN
=
S.M.A.R.T. GREEN TECHNOLOGY

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 CHAPTER.2

 Green building (also known as green construction or sustainable building) expands

and complements the building design concerns of economy , utility, durability, and
comfort.

 A Green Building is one which uses less water, optimizes energy efficiency,
conserves natural resources, generates less waste and provides healthier space for
occupants as compared to conventional building

 Market estimates suggest that India will be adding 11.5 million homes every year
thus, making it the world’s third largest construction market by 2020. With rapid
urbanization and strong economic growth, the construction industry is becoming
one of the fastest growing sectors in India providing employment to nearly 18
million people.

 This will be beneficial for the people who are really conscious about the
environmental impact of the buildings and believe in energy conservation.

 Economy is the major factor in any type of construction work, especially for
residential houses and more specifically when they are situated in the megacity in a
developing country like India.

 There is a need of concentrating on a Green Home, which is one of the most

important and one of the discussed topics throughout the globe, in the age of global
warming and climate change worldwide.

 In this situation, some middle way is necessary to be found out, to encourage the
green construction

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 CHAPTER.3

OBJECTIVE
 Green building are designed to reduce the overall impact of the built environment
on human health and the natural environmental by :

 Efficiently using energy, water and other resources.

 Protecting occupant health and improving employee productivity.

 Reducing waste, pollution and environment degradation.

 Using energy, water and other resources efficiently.

 By reducing waste, pollution, and environmental degradation.

 To design a residentially viable Green Building including maximum open space

with cost effective design and materials.

 Improve indoor air quality by orientation natural ventilation design.

 Implementing Rain Water Harvesting system with Ground Water Recharge as an

attempt to improve regional Ground water table.

 Using eco-friendly and regionally available construction materials.

• Need of The Project:

The reasons why this project is important are listed below:
It is general belief that a GREEN Building will cost much more Than a
Conventional Home, but some middle way is required to be found out by analyzing
the real situations & conditions in the market.
In these days, when everyone is talking about the Green construction, there is
need of a way by which a common can afford a Green Home.

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 CHAPTER.4
METHODOLOGY

 Understanding Green Building

 Design of Green Building
 Structural Design
 Certification and Guidelines
The project used a mixed methodology to synthesize knowledge on alternative solutions in
green buildings. This mixed methods approach includes primary research consisting of
interviews with green building practitioners and secondary research using document
analysis. Interviews are the primary source of data for the study to identify and collect
alternative solutions and discuss the regulatory experience of green buildings. The goal set
for the number of interviews was approximately 15 practitioners, planners or green
building project managers. Key informants include project managers or planners of green
buildings who are familiar with details of building code variances for building code, fire
code or plumbing code requirements and were identified using the following criteria:
 Projects located within Canada

 New build projects, not building retrofits

 Projects with a certification like Living Building Challenge, LEED Platinum,

Passive House

 Preference for large, complex buildings (Part 9 of the Code)

TOP VIEW OF GREEN BUILDING

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Savings of Green Building

Average savings of Green Buildings.

Major Criteria
To achieve green element in buildings

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 CHAPTER.5
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES
a) Energy Efficiency:

Energy Efficiency can be achieved by,

 Using non-conventional and renewable sources of energy.

 Reducing energy consumption.

 Optimize energy performance.

 Use of alternative renewable sources of Power such as Solar Power, Bio mass,
Wind Power, Hydro Power etc.

 In buildings, it is achieved by installing solar panels and photovoltaic, Solar water

heater, natural lighting and ventilation and by use of low consumption electrical
appliances.

8
 Technologies
to Achieve Energy Efficiency in Building

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 5.1) Passive Solar Building Design:

 Designing and orienting windows, walls and floors to utilize direct sun light.

 Using direct sunlight for heating in winter and avoiding the same in summer.

 Maximum use of natural delighting for ventilation.

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 5.2) Solar Water Heating

 Use of solar power for heating water

 Works on solar power so no operational cost

 Delivers hot water for most of the time in a year

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 5.3) Building Integrated Photovoltaic

 Photovoltaic (PV) Panel converts Solar power in to useful Electricity.

 These PV modules can be installed on walls and rooftop of building.

 Clean (eco-friendly) source of electricity.

 Reduces consumption of conventional thermal electricity.

 Proves to be economical in long term

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b) Material Efficiency

Material Efficiency can be achieved by,

o Using eco friendly materials
o Construction waste management
o Use of regional and rapidly renewable materials
o Use of wastes and debris of demolition works.
o Compressed Earth Blocks, Fly ash Blocks, Stabilized Mud blocks, HVFC,
Bamboo, Low VOC paints and other recycled materials.
o Use of Solar Reflective Glass and Low VOC paints for better indoor air Quality

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Eco-friendly
Construction
Materials

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 i). Compressed Earth Block

 It’s a compressed mix of dirt, non expansive clay and aggregate.

 Slurry used for bonding of CEB is also of same mixture of dirt and clay

 Simple in manufacturing so, It can be prepared near the construction site.

 Economic since it uses dirt and clay which is not expensive at all.

 Fire resistant, Sound Resistant, Non-toxic in nature.

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 ii) Fly ash Blocks
 Mix of Fly ash and Lime

 Fly ash is a by product of Thermal power plants.

 Thus Fly ash, a waste material is utilized for construction

 Fly ash is very cheap (only cost of transportation) hence the blocks are also
economical

 Possess high strength, good finishing and uniformity in size which reduced
quantity of plastering

 Low water absorption

 Blocks are of comparatively large size hence, construction becomes faster

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 iii) High Volume Fly ash Concrete

 About 50 % of the cement is replaced by Fly ash in HVF Concrete, Thus

reducing use of cement and utilizing waste material

 More economical as compared to ordinary concrete

 Fly ash replacement doesn’t alter its strength if correct proportion is maintained

 Improved workability, reduced segregation and bleeding, increased pump ability

 In long term, less W/C ratio, increased strength, less shrinkage, low heat of
hydration

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 iv) Low VOC Paints

 VOC is Volatile organic compound are drying agent of paint, which are toxic to
humans

 VOC keeps evaporating from wall surfaces for years

 Low VOC paints contains minimum amount of VOC

 Better indoor air quality, protects Ozone layer, less allergic, quick drying, low
odour

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 v) Solar Reflective Glass
 Reflects infrared rays of sun.

 Only permits visible light to pass through it.

 Keeps indoors comparatively cooler hence, achieving energy efficiency

 3°C-4°C temperature insulation is achieved

 High durability and resistance to surface abrasion, wear and tear

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c) Water Efficiency:

Water Efficiency can be achieved by,

 Treatment of waste water and Recycling of Grey water.

 Water conservation and ground water recharge by Rainwater harvesting

 Controlled water use and wastage reduction

 Reducing storm water runoff by efficient landscaping

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i) Recycling of Grey Water:

I. Grey water is waste water form laundry, dishwashing and bathing which can be
recycled on site Without purifying it can be used for landscaping and some other
agricultural purposes

II. With purification it can be used for bathing, toilet flushing, car washing and other
purposes except drinking and cooking

III. It has many benefits including less impact on treatment plant, lower fresh water
extraction, top soil nitrification

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ii) Rain water Harvesting
a) Collection and utilization of storm water

b) Storm water can either be stored on site and used later or it can be recharged into
the underground aquifer

c) RWH system are beneficial individually as well as for society in case of ground
water recharge

d) Reduced runoff, less extraction of fresh water, less load on treatment plants,
improvement in regional ground water table

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 CHAPTER.6

Building Design

 It is the concept of sustainable building and has largest impact on cost and
performance.

 Is aims to minimize the environment impact associated with all life-cycles.

 Its main intensions is to minimize the total environment impact associated with all life-
cycles.

 It has the largest impact on cost and performance of building.

 Design of the building have an important role in cost and performance of the
building throughout the life cycles.

 According to the available built-up area of site, we have designed 2 storied

building with each floor of 2 BHK
 Building is designed for higher middle class group of peoples
 Plan is designed according to Green Building Principles

• Plan is oriented facing east for maximum utilization of natural light and
ventilation
• Comparatively larger opening of windows are provided
• Ducts provided for ventilation of interior parts of Building and also to allow
cross ventilation
• Balconies connecting dining by French windows to enhance ventilation and
interior beauty
• Onsite rainwater harvesting and ground water recharge facility is proposed in
plan

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RANDOM CLICKS OF PROPOSED PROJECT IN
AUTODESK SOFTWARE

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 CHAPTER.7
Technologies Implemented

7.1) Solar Photovoltaic Module

 200KWHr consumption of single unit (flat) per month is assumed

 348 units of PV modules are installed on roof and on car shed, Each module of
230Watt-Hr

 Cost of Installation of PV module= Rs. 2,400,000.

 All the units in building shall run on electricity generated by PV modules for 300
sunny days in a year

Source- www.suranaventures.com

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 7.2) Ground Water Recharge

 Recharge Shaft technique of GW Recharge is proposed

 Avg. annual rain fall in Mumbai region= 1800-2400mm

 Total Catchment Area (roof + car shed)= 504.5Sq.m

 Avg. annual water recharged= 943,420litres

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 CHAPTER.8

MATERIALS USED

8.1) Fly ash Blocks

 Fly ash Bricks are feasible because, they are eco-friendly, easily available,
economical

 Blocks are hollow hence reduces load on structure and provides insulation to
walls

 Cost comparison:
– Standard Brick 1st Class (190X90X90mm)= Rs.10 per brick
– Hollow Fly ash Blocks (190X90X390mm)= Rs. 22.5 per block

Note- 1 Fly ash block is twice as big as compared to 1 ordinary brick

8.2) High Volume Fly ash Concrete

 HVFC is feasible because Fly ash is cheap, easily available and best suited as a
filler material in concrete.

 HVFC are more economic when compared to Ordinary concrete

 Cost Comparison:
rdina

Source- Eversmile pre-fabrication pvt.ltd.

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 These paints are comparatively more expensive then ordinary paints but they are
still preferable because of there reasonable advantages.
 Low VOC paints reduces Ozone depletion and improves indoor air quality

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 These glass are feasible because they controls the infrared rays of sun keeps indoor
environment cooler then outside.

 They are more expensive then ordinary glass but still economical if the expenses of
electricity for Air conditioning are also considered.

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 CHAPTER.9

Certifications and Guidelines

Certification Councils

IGBC (Indian Green Building Council):

• The India Green Building Council (IGBC) was formed in the year 2001 by
Confederation of India Industry (CII).

• The aim of the council is to bring green building movement in India and facilitate
India to become one of the global leaders in green buildings by 2015

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IGBC Rating System:

• IGBC has developed green building rating programmes to cover commercial,

residential, factory buildings, etc..

• Each rating system divided into different levels of certification are as follows:

• ‘Certified’ to recognize best practices.

• ‘Silver’ to recognize outstanding performance.

• ‘Gold’ to recognize national excelence.

• ‘Platinum’ to recognize global leadership.

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 CHAPTER.10
COMPARISION B/W CONVENTIONAL & A GREEN
BUILDING

GREEN BUILDING DIFFERENT FROM NORMAL

BUILDINGS:

• The design, maintains and construction of building have tremendous effect on our
environmental and natural resources.

• Green Building is different from other buildings because it use a minimum

pollution, increases the comfort, health and safety of the people who work in them.

• It also minimize the waste in construction by recovering materials and reusing or

recycling them.

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 CHAPTER.11
FUTURE SCOPE

 During the next few years green buildings are well poised to grow at
50-60% annually.

The green building concept is catching up fast globally, and in India too.
A green building is one, which in the process of constructing a building, uses
renewable materials, saves money on light bills, gas bills, and water bills.
This method can include using all natural materials but for the most part, it
pertains to saving environment and cost’s. it is a reflection of the growing
concern for environment and energy, and the awareness that to huge
consumption also leads to huge depletion of resources. More and more
people are becoming aware of this fact and the concept of green building is
here to stay and it should be encouraged and promoted for the betterment of
society. Our experience of the recently constructed green building have been
very encouraging.

Five scenarios for the future:

1. Business As Usual
2. An Internal Revolution At USGBC To Adopt The BREEAM Model.
3. An Entirely New New Approach That Focuses On Great User
Experience.
4. Save The Earth-Net Zero Carbon.
5. Reward Continuous Improvement.

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 CHAPTER.12
MERITS & DEMERITS OF GREEN BUILDING

MERITS:
 Efficient Technologies

 Easier Maintenance

 Return On Investment

 Improved Indoor Air Quality

 Energy Efficiency

 Water Efficiency

 Waste Reduction

 Temperature Moderation

 Water Conservation

 Improved Health

DEMERITS:
i. Initial Cost Is High

ii. Availability Of Materials

iii. Need More Time To Construct

iv. Need Skilled Worker

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 CHAPTER.13
Conclusion

The aim of the project was to understand, plan and design Green Building that has
been achieved by studying different green technologies for buildings, by planning and
designing building layout, development of plan, elevation, sections etc. Various Green
technologies and materials proposed with their feasibility study and cost comparison
 So, on the bases of the above figures, it can be concluded that:
– “If the intention is to construct a new Home to live in, it is advisable to go for
a GREEN BUILDING rather than the ordinary conventional home. Because, the
percentag e increase of 12.94% in the total cost is not a negligible amount
when the intention is just to renovate or retrofit an Old Home”

• Green building is a financially, health, and most importantly environmentally

responsible idea that more people need to adopt

• The India green building council developed LEED in order to help Customers,
designers, and builders to work together to create buildings with minimal impact
on the environment possible

• Build the green building to undertaken think for

“HUMAN COMFORTABLE WITH ECO-FRIENDLY”

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REFERENCES:
 https://www.slideshare.net/pateljatin042/ppt-of-green-building.

 https://www.slideshare.net/pulkitshukl/green-building-materials-30035938

 www.google.com

 www.wikipedia.com

 https://www.slideshare.net/search/slideshow?searchfrom=header&q=green+buildin

gs

 https://www.scribd.com

 www.Businessfeed.com

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