Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Gaurino Alyssa
Gelito Mitzi Lloyd
Gerio Eunice U.
Gutierrez Raven
Macaballug Mikaela O.
Quidet Hanna Samantha
1
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
Table of Contetnts
Certificate of Originality....................................................................................
2
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
Appendix
Survey Questionnaire..................................................................................35-36
Documentation............................................................................................40
Reference......................................................................................................41-43
3
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
Introduction
Museums are created to tell, present or interpret a story; story of either part of the past,
origin of something or exhibits of scientific interpretations or theories. But are these stories
really told by the exhibit or displays alone? The thesis will present a creation of continuous
transitions in the museum, wherein the transition itself serves to be an element of a narrative
presentation. The study will research on the restoration of the old Fort Bonifacio War Tunnel
and praparation to be a herritage site. This historical underground tunnel can be a place that
can be recognized by the many and the content of the tunnel will be the best way to narrate
its story.
The Fort Bonifacio War Tunnel is a located in Bonifacio Global City, a latest business district
of Metro Manila, Philippines. It is located at the property of former military base Fort
Bonifacio and now called Bonifacio Global City. It was constructed in year 1941 and what
was known as the US military defense in the Philippines during World war II. When the
Philippines got the independence from the US after the war, Fort McKinley was transferred
to the Philippine government, renamed Fort Andres Bonifacio, and made the Army's
headquarters.
The tunnel had to be dug deeper in order for them to survive from the heavy bombs and to
use the tunnel for there requirements. Prior to its completion, however, when the Japanese
military enter the Manila they took over the tunnel. Under the Japanese command, the
4
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
tunnel was enlarged and improve. 1945, the Japanese forces were eventually defeated by
the joint of the US and Filipino forces in the country, and Fort McKinley was reclaimed and
Unknown to many, underneath the swanky commercial and residential district of BGC in
Taguig City lies a 2.24-kilometer-long tunnel that witnessed some of the most violent
episodes in the country’s fight for liberation during the periods of the Japanese Forces and
United States military or the World War II . Historians know about the past of the tunnel.
Cornered Japanese troops holed themselves up inside it toward the end of World War II—
until American soldiers used flamethrowers and bombs inside the tunnel to flush them out.
“It was believed that even a year after the war, Japanese troops were still coming out of the
tunnel and that some of them were gunned down by Filipino soldiers who were strategically
Problem Statement
Due to the different aspects of how a Fort Bonifacio can truly boost tourism in a place or
increase the number of tourist, the study sought to know what is the main problem of Fort
Bonifacio war tunnel, and it shown that it is the dullness of the old war museum tunnel that
makes the tunnel past or history to be forgotten by several people and it includes the
existing entrances, exits, height, length and location to make the visitors be more interested
The tunnel is owned by the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP), who welcomed the plan
5
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
by the Bases Conversion and Development Authority (BCDA) to transform the Fort Bonifacio
Tunnel into a herritage site. The area is a former army base at Taguig City, which was closed
and the ground sold for some reasons. It has a 70 feet below the ground of C-5 road with
hilly steps that leads someone to the dark and damp passageway. The floors are muddy, the
walls filled with doodles or graffiti. Only steam lamps illuminate the way to the innermost
parts of the tunnel and the tunnel said that it is consisting about 32 chambers and there is 2
Theoretical Framework
Figure 1
Technologists with visitors through human and computer interactions. And visitors interact
6
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
Museum Management
(e.g., governance, planning, budgeting, information technology, ) facilities
Fundraising
(e.g., earned revenues, proposals, events, donor) relations
Human Resource Management
(e.g., recruiting, training, remuneration)system
Research
(e.g., scholarship, exhibition design, publications
)
Educational Programs
(e.g., outreach, adult classes, special events,) lectures
Figure 2
The fundamental purpose of the Value Chain shown above is to value the importance of
museum creation. Museum generates multiple social benefit, which include sutomer value,
community outreach and public service. Developing the value chain framework can be used
to know the relative competitors and what to get the visitors satisfaction.
7
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
Conceptual Framework
Cultural Operator
Primary Support
Activities Activities
Visitor Technologist
The visitors are usually students for some educational purposes. Its basically being held by
the government. The primary activities would be exploring the history of the tunnel, which is
8
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
Research Objective
This study aims to analyze the value chain of Fort Bonifacio’s war museum in preparation for
Specific Objective
Hypothesis
There is no differences among the level of agreement of cultural operator, visitor and
technologist
The study will mainly advocate the idea of how Architecture can actually transform an
neglected tunnel into a useful and functional space that can help the modern tourism to
create a great shape in the country, and it can also take full advantage of the use of tunnel in
where it can also serve as a bomb shelter that will provide protection and security in the
future. Therefore, the study give ideas on how to turns the tunnel into different functions to a
9
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
structure with a definite purpose in different periods of time. The research will also innervate
the idea of going beyond what is the typical way of studying other actions on how the Fort
Bonifacio will help to awaken the interest of people to be informed about the matter. This
study can also provide the future some reference to related studies that improved thoughts
and concepts.
The coverage of the study will be from the discussion of background and description of the
Fort Bonifacio War Tunnel setting as the main act of Philippine Military history and the
recognition of the Armed Forces of the Philippines members who died during the World War
II. And thus, it is limited to some literature, studies, articles, and journals that contain
informations about the underground tunnels. And likewise, the researchers are also limited
to outputs or responds of people who have visited the war tunnel museum who are able to
observe what the tunnel’s appearance looks like and the view of the setting inside. Also, the
people who knew the story behind the history and formation of the Fort Bonifacio Tunnel and
10
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
Definition of Terms
Respite - a short period of time when you are able to stop doing something that is difficult or
Cohorts – a friend o companion, a group of people used in a study who have something in
common
Cater – to provide food and drinks at a party, meeting, etc., especially as a job
uprising
11
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
separate pieces
Chapter 2
Literature Review
The Handbook for Museums, Gary Edson and David Dean, 1994. The book serves as a
manual to people who are interested in designing a Museum, it provides rules and
regulations in planning the spaces, presenting exhibits and etc. It gives primary to
sophisticated guides that needs to follow in order to have an adeqquet Museum. According
to (Dean & Edson, The Handbook for Museums, 1994) “To prosper, museums must be clear
about what they proposed to do. Things must be understood before they can be interpreted.
The recognition was served as basis for collections, exhibitions, and new museums.” Their
statement primarily presents the idea of understanding comes first, to know deeper the
meaning of the exhibits or why it was exhibited, and to know what is the reason behind
creating a Museum, its function and discussed the different appreciation of that have
This literature helps in indicating different knowledge on how to plan the museum spaces,
what and how to exhibit the displays what type or kind it is and how the flow will be. The
knowing how to plan and design a Museum in an existing Tunnel; applying the ideas of
planning a Museum in a different type of setting and a restricted space and area.
Museums and their Visitors, Eilean Hooper-Greenhill, 1994. The book aims to help
museums and galleries in the walls. It examines the way in which museums need to develop
12
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
their demonstrative functions and, with examples of case-studies and journals that explains
best practice on how to achieve the satisfaction of the visitors. The special needs of a
number of target audiences including schools, families and people with disabilities are
outlined and illustrated by examples of exhibition, education and marketing policies. The
book looks in detail at the power of objects to inspire and stimulate and analyses the use of
language in museums and galleries. It said that this book is first written in the galleria that
hangs on tha walls of the museums. It will be of interest to students of museums since it is
heritage and leisure and also have tourism studies, as well as to international museum
professionals. The literature implies the connection between the museum contents or the
exhibits with the visitors. It studies the museums presentations in order to communicate well
with the visitors. This literature helps the study by presenting the ideas of how museum will
be appreciated by the visitors. It gives ideas on how to input the spirit and charisma to the
museum.
Visitor interest in cutting-edge physics, with its high media profile, is tempered by anxiety
about understanding complex content. Since the technology of modern particle physics is
overwhelmingly large, while the phenomena under investigation are invisible. For othe
visitors they are entering the museum without even knowing what the story behin the
exhibits. This article investigates the ways in which art museums' visitors define their
relationships to art and culture of different people, and how this affects their knowledge or
perceptions in art. Existing approaches have traditionally attempted to define the meaning of
13
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
only sees in books, newspapers, internet or on the television. The museum should take
every chances to uplift its responsibility as an educational sources used by all portion of the
population or specialized group that the museum is intended to provide. Looking for those
famous paintings and other artifacts for example, is a quiet a totally unique experience to
see some of the millions of printed versions; when you get to notice of something from a
second-hand source is much completely different to the one you get when you see the real
once with your own eyes. Put it in mind that todays generations the museum function serve
as a meeting place for different social and age groups, the custodian of the AMI plan and
realize educational activities tailored that applicable for the needs of different visitor
categories (children of primary and secondary schools, youths and adults). Programmers
are age orientated, and give emphasis to the promotion of the local history through the
display exhibit of the museum. A priority has been given to programmed for student since
they constitute the largest group among museum visitors. Each programmed is developed
for specific ages,example, the programmers designed for young children are based on
their ability to observe and on the knowledge present in children’s books and television
necessary and it is transferred using minimal terminology and simple words . The mission of
all the activities is to create a friendly, satisfying warm environment for everyone in order to
14
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
Museums and their exhibits are one of the valuable part of global socio-cultural activities,
because they will have greater prominence in the future. Museums can have an impact on
both the ecosystem and humankind in a positive ways .Each member of the museum
the base for the museum profession (Edson 1997: 36–37). The means by which this
challenge is met will depend on the ethical attitudes and practices of all museum personnel.
It includes the acquisition of arte- facts, the politics of display, the rights of indigenous
people, repatriation, the conservation of objects, the management of the museum and the
role of education (Edson 2009: 6–7). The ethical obligation of the museum’s personnel to
the public is outlined by the Code of Ethics adopted by the International Council of Museums
(ICOM) in 1986, revised in 2004 (ICOM 2006). Also the importance of the museum is about
the Ethics in Display and the Exhibit. The exhibit is the main way through which a museum
communicates to the people with its public and for this reason it has to be meaningful so
they can easily understand (Singh 1997: 72–73). In the AMI the museographical planning
respects the museum’s architecture in several ways. The exhibit units follow the grid of the
building. The display cases are trans- parent and their height usually reaches the ceiling.
They are placed in the centre or near the walls of the exhibition halls (Katsanika-Stefanou
2006). The materials used are also a key element of the exhibition design. The preference
for glass, stone of neutral colour, and plexiglass expresses the museologist’s principles of
linked each time with selected exhibit units in order to elaborate different historical events. In
other words, in the course of the exhibition visitors are given the opportunity
15
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
The exhibits, the colours, the surrounding’s and the lighting should be coordinated in such a
way that the visitors, irrespective of their educational background, can understand them.
introduction to the symposium 'The role of the research museum in science' Smith describes
the museum as "centre for research, study and contemplation" (Smith 1960: 311). He adds
that such centre is "truly a museum, even though it has no function in pleasure and
expressed by Colbert (1961). Such extreme points of view are in fact declared outdated in a
series of conference during the first years of the 70s. Nevertheless, many museologists
remained of opinion that research has to play a central role: "Without research the
impossible. Nor would there be any knowledge that could be conveyed to the public" (Sofka
1978: 59). Research does improve the scientific quality of the collections and it forms the
necessary bridge between the collection and the public. "Permanent neglecting of the
scientific activities would lead to the liquidation of the whole work, including the educational
work" (Jelinek 1978: 1). Museums are in fierce competition not only with other museums and
arts organizations but also with providers of a wide range of entertainment, educational and
recreational products (Rentschler and Hede, 2007; Sandell and Janes, 2007; Kotler, Kotler
and Kotler, 2008). Museums is also important in children’s education with the advancement
a setting that contributes to their intellectual, physical emotional cognitive and social
16
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
development and they contribute to the acquisition of aesthetical taste from the very early
years.
On our reasearch paper it says that Bandelli & Konijn(2012) One of the increasing levels of
impact is the Public participation. Its stated that there are levels of Public Participation and
these are the infoming and insulting for the reason that participation has a bigger effect and
impact to the society. Therefore, this is the reason why the museum is widely implemented
because the development activities is less frequent and the empowerment of the public
government is exclusive .Based on the data presented in the journal (Sheppard, 2010;
Macdonald, 2011) the key to maintain or increase the visitation oto the museum is by
planning day by day and working with different community that can gain their strenghts.
As for Kotler and Kotler (2010) it focus more about the branding and establish a long term
brand loyalty of the visitors to their location by giving the visitors enterntainment and by
keeping them in touch. On this journal Gutwill&Serrell (2004) They compared different kinds
of attitute and behavior who visits the museum by researching, conducting data by syrvey
questionnaires and by evaluating them by there personalities and interest. Together they
found out that the behaviour of the visitors change when they interacts with others and by
hearing different opinions from the others. By Hsiao and Yao (2012) in this study it talks
about the brand importance to evaluate the different behavior of the visitors.They examin the
difference between satisfaction and loyalty through evaluating. Even before the construction
17
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
of modern-day virtual muse- ums on the web, Falk and Dierking (2000) it is the meaning by
enabling the visitors to customize and maximize their experiences that meet their personal
As of Grilley, Weber and Taplin (2012), it shows benefits of overall positive response to a
visit than is service quality performance. It suggests service quality would contribute to the
benifit of the museum which suggests that getting this what you called “benefit” are the
ultimate outcome of a experience and most likely it is the way to meet to high levels of
participate in recreation and consequently attain benefits. By studying the managers and
curators at historic sites and museums it can easily develop appropriate marketing
strategies based on their measurement of tourists’ experiences by Lee and Smith (2015).
This scale, are best when you are targeting a market. After identifying the socio-
experiential scale, the operators can possibly modify their marketing channels, products,
and services to deliver appropriate experiences to their target customers. This scale can
also help to gather information data that is needed. Discussions like these raise important
issues for methodological transparency, quality, and rigor. A mixed-methods approach can
be particularly valuable when one begins to grapple with the complex and challenging task
of rigorously evaluating long-term visitor impacts and related issues. Such a task is not for
the faint of heart or the methodologically ill-equipped. Advanced qualitative and quantitative
research methods, as well as integrated designs are essential tools in this domain. To
unlock the full potential of visitor studies, progress is needed at a theoretical level in order to
develop models of publics and visitors that can sustain research of ever greater quality and
18
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
complexity. Greater accuracy and explanatory power in visitor research also offers benefits
for cultural institutions that draw on this research to inform their interventions aimed at
promoting positive social change in contemporary societies by Jensen & Wagoner (2009).
Ideas for the museum operators on how they effectively sell more tours, food and souvenirs.
The main feature views from several operators as regards their initiative of offering options
for visitors of all ages to take the permanent and special exhibition available. It also
mentions the advantage of creating family programs to inform, involve and inspire more
visitors. The approach of leisure experiences developed from the view point of
phenomenology (Harper, 1981; Tinsley & Tinsley, 1986) and psychology (Iso-Ahola, 1980;
Neulinger 1974). Researchers tend to agree that experience is a state of mind (Lee &
Shafer, 2002; Mannell, 1980). This conceptualization has been one of the critical issues in
demonstrating the meaning of leisure (Brown & Haas, 1980; Sha,1985). A special issue of
the journal of leisure research focus on leisure as multiphase experience. Leisure was
conceptualized as information use during free time (Vogt & Roggernbuck, 1998). A form of
person-nature activity with particular attention on the focus of attention, mood states, and
perceptions of risk and competence. (McIntyre & Roggenbuck, 1998), optimal experience
(Walker, Huli, & Roggenbuck, 1998) and satisfaction (Hultsman, 998). An alternative
recreation (Bruns, Driver, Lee, Anderson, & Brown 1994; Driver, Brown, & Peterson, 1991).
19
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
(Csikszentmihalyi, 1975) “absorbing” (Tellegen & Atkinson, 1974) and “optimal” (Mannell,
observed that the flow experience acquired from people engaged in activities as diverse as
stage and goods as props, to engage individual customers in a way that creates a
memorable event” (Pine & Gilmore 1999); and this definition is suited to the museum service
both emotional and cognitive stimuli and as places of service experience consumption.
Museums are often seen as stage for social, cognitive and environmental education, and
are a “behavior” and “social” setting; they tend to offer many service transactions and
(Ridge & Diane, 2013) It focuses on the role of museum operators as event planners during
catered events at the museums. It adds that events held at the art museums present
interesting and colorful themes from famous painters with their art. It also mentions that
20
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
environmental, social and economic issues. Environmental issues concern mostly measures
that help reducing energy consumption. Social issues request physical and intellectual
accessibility for all visitors. Lastly, considering that museums are non-profit institutions and
merit goods from the economic point of view and according to the value-for-money (VFM)
Art museums today are aware of their role as educators. They house many objects sacred
to various peoples and take seriously their responsibility to facilitate encounters with these
sacred objects (Hartfield, 2004). One study of adult learners identified a taxonomy of
learning outcomes in the museum context that began with knowledge and skill mastery,
Similarities
satisfaction of the visitors and museum and its operators. The similarities
21
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
and their perceptions of art, science, and other topics addressed at these
institutes. The more we know about a visitor's personal context, the more
further museum visits during which his or her expectations, wishes, and
needs will be more fully met. The article also focuses on how local culture
to investigate the meaning and value of a museum visit from the visitor's
considered as the attributes of the setting that has a good quality and
absorb in. And the benefits that is good and helpful they have as a source.
These museums, historic sites and art galleries are important that is
22
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
of the museum.
Differences
The differences of our journals consist of the topic, conclusion, respondents and methods.
Our journals are divided into three sub chapters which are the Importance of the museum,
Satisfaction of visitors and the museum and its operators. Present various documents
related to culture aiming to train individuals who are more sensitive to the community.
Museums play an important role in the integration of various group in multicultural societies.
The mission of the museum do not only consist of conserving and exhibiting treasures and
objects that provides us with information but include the provision of educational tasks.
Museums have proved that you have to get involve with more projects and keep close
relationship with the community to contribute to the education, development, and culture of
the communities.
Justification
Museum research is subject-matter research carried out by the museum as one of its
functions. Over the years the role of research in museums has changed. In the course of the
1970s and 1980s different developments caused the decline of the position of subject-matter
research. The mission of museum do not only consist of conserving and exhibiting treasures
and objects that provides us with information but include the provision of educational tasks.
Museums have proved that you have to get involve with more projects and keep close
23
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
relationship with the community to contribute to the education, development, and culture of
the communities. Many museums today develop and present different programs that can
interest various groups by getting to know the viewer better since it is known that the viewer
will tell the objects and topics of interest and the message created by the curator cannot be
Chapter 3
Methodology
Museum are created to tell the past and present interpreted story. In this chapter, It
contains research design refers to the overall strategy that you choose to integrate the
different components of the study, sampling design method refers to the rules and
population under study, sample size act of choosing the number of observations or
24
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
instrument generic term that researchers use for a measurement device (survey, test,
questionnaire, etc.), and statistical treatment by the researcher in order to obtain the
information needed for the conclusions about the preparation of the Fort Bonifacio war
Research Design
Mujis, 2010), Quantitative method can highlight the objective amounts and the statistical,
mathematical analysis of data that is being collected through polls, questionnaires, and
The kind of design of Quantitative methods we used is the descriptive research for
the reason that this method collocate quantifiable data that can be utilized for statistical
inference on your target audience through data analysis and as an outcome, this kind of
research takes the form of close-minded questions, which restricts its capacity to give
unique vision.
The researchers decided to choose descriptive design for the quantitative research
because seeks to describe the current status for the chosen topic and it is the easiest way to
Sampling Design
25
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
The selected participants to respond the survey questionnaires are those people who
visits the War Museum since they have the knowledge and experience to answer the
questions. According (Jackson, S.L. 2010) In order for the survey to be both strong and valid
it is important that the questions are build up properly. Questions should be written so they
Moreover, the respondents are selected via non-probability sampling which means the
researchers generally select an aspects for the sample based on hypotheses about the
There are total of one hundred (100) respondents who participated on the survey. The
respondents answered the questionnaires for approximately 5-10 minutes. After the
“survey questionnaire” and According (Leedy and Ormrod, 2001) People are more precise
while responding to the questionnaires regarding arguable issues in particular due to the
fact that their responses are anonymous. But they also have difficulties. Majority of the
people who receive questionnaires don't return them and those who do might not be
26
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
approach allowed the researcher to directly interview the respondents which happens in the
area of Taguig City. The researchers will be collecting data by the use of survey
questionnaire and this research paper will continue next semester for the Tourism Research
Methods and Techniques 2ND semester class for the school year 2018 – 2019.
The Contingency Plan happens when we are not allowed to do the survey activity in
the area of Taguig City. The chosen respondents are the family, relatives , and friends of the
testing hypotheses derived from theory and/or being able to estimate the size of a
randomly assigned to different treatments. If this is not feasible, the researcher may collect
data on participant and situational characteristics in order to statistically control for their
influence on the dependent, or outcome, variable. If the intent is to generalize from the
research participants to a larger population, the researcher will employ probability sampling
to select participants.
The validity of our questionnaire we the researcher asked for the conformity of 3
professor for our research survey . Which we asked for their suggestion and ideas that can
help us to improve our survey. So then, they gave us some comments that can make our
research questionnaire well, it really helps us alot to make our research presentable in a
27
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
systematic way.
awareness of the respondents to the Fort Bonficacio War Museum and if they would
consider improving it as a heritage museum. Based on the data that we gathered, most of
the respondents acknowledge the reason behind the past because of the ambiance of the
place, but on the other side, some of the respondents are not well satisfied because they did
not fully explored the tunnel since there are only certain places that are allowed to visit.
The 4 – point Likert scale was used to interpret items in the questionnaire. The responses
were based on the personal evaluation of those who visited the War Museum. After the
survey, the questionnaires were enumerated by the researchers for the accurate
The researchers collected the survey questionnaires and the four Likert Scale was used and
28
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
These responses were based on the assessment of the respondents regarding the
level of agreement between the primary activities and supporting activities of the War Tunnel
The range and interpretation of the four-point scale are shown in Table shown above.
Collecting of data will be continue next semester for the Tourism Research Methods and
Techniques 2ND semester class for the school year 2018 – 2019.
Out of Sight, Out of Light, Out of Mind
Technologies Transforming Museum Education.
The Benaki Museum, Athens,
29
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
Archaeological Museum of Ioannina, Epirus,
Greece
4. Creating Voices: Ancient to Modern at the
Petrie Museum
5. The Body in the Museum
3, p229-238. 10p.
8. Steffensen, Morten (2010) Visitor Studies.
Jan2010, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p107-117. 11p. 1
Chart, 5 Graphs.
Dec2015, Vol. 18 Issue 2, p214-232. 19p.
Plaza, Beatriz (2015)
European Planning Studies. Aug2015, Vol. 23
Issue 8, p1441-1455. 15p. 2 Charts.
10 Issue 2, p113-121. 9p. 6 Diagrams, 4
Graphs.
Smith, Stephen L.J. (2015)
Journal of China Tourism Research. Jul-
Sep2015, Vol. 11 Issue 3, p255-277. 23p.
30
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
Falk, John H. (2011)
Visitor Studies. 2011, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p158-
161. 4p.
Visitor Studies. 2012, Vol. 15 Issue 2, p217-
237. 21p. 9 Charts.
George2 g.roussos@birkbeck.ac.ukVisitor Stud
ies. 2013, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p21-38. 18p. 2 Color
Photographs, 2 Black and White Photographs,
3 Charts.
Social and Behavioral Sciences Volume 55, 5
October 2012, Pages 1250-1258
17. Tišliar, Pavol (2017)
European Journal of Contemporary Education.
Sep2017, Vol. 6 Issue 3, p586-592. 7p.
18. Hausmann, Andrea (2012)
International Journal of Arts Management.
Spring2012, Vol. 14 Issue 3, p32-43. 12p.
19. Jafari, Aliakbar
Taheri, Babak
vom Lehn, Dirk (2013) Journal of Marketing
Management. Nov2013, Vol. 29 Issue 15-16,
p1729-1752. 24p. 2 Color Photographs, 1
Chart.
20. The museum experience
21. Ferguson, Matthew (2016)
International Journal of Tourism Research.
Sep/Oct2016, Vol. 18 Issue 5, p477-485. 9p.
22. Scholastic Scope. 4/9/2007, Vol. 55 Issue 15,
p4-9. 6p.
31
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
23. The development of informal learning and
museum pedagogy in museums
24. Grenier, Robin S. (2010)
Adult Education Quarterly. Feb2010, Vol. 59
Issue 2, p142-157. 16p.
25. Smith, Stephen L.J. (2015)
Journal of China Tourism Research. Jul-
Sep2015, Vol. 11 Issue 3, p255-277. 23p.
26. Kim Lian Chan, Jennifer (2010) Journal of
Hospitality Marketing & Management. 2010,
Vol. 18 Issue 2/3, p173-196. 24p. 2 Charts.
27. Stylianou-Lambert, Theopisti (2010)
Visitor Studies. Jul2010, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p130-
144. 15p. 1 Chart.
28. Splendiani, Simone (2016)
Tourism &Hospitality Management. May2016,
Vol. 22 Issue 1, p29-46. 18p.
29. Daily, Eileen M. (2010) Journal of
Adult Theological Education. Dec2010, Vol. 6
Issue 2, p116-129. 14p. 1 Diagram.
30. Pawlikowska-Piechotka, Anna
Łukasik, Natalia
Ostrowska - Tryzno, Anna
Sawicka, Karolina (2015) European
Countryside. Dec2015, Vol. 7 Issue 4, p195.
32
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
33
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
34
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
Dear Respondents,
We the Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management 3rd year student of Far Eastern
University are conducting a research entitled “The Value Chain of Analysis of Fort
Bonifacio’s War Museum: Preparation for an ICT ready establishment” We are in the
process of gathering data through a survey that will be used for our research study. The
participants of this survey are voluntary. We assure that the collected data is strictly
confidential and will only be used for academic purpose. The following questionnaire will
require approximately to complete. We are requesting to take a few minutes of your time in
Thank you for taking the time to assist us in our educational endeavors.
Sincerely yours,
The Researchers:
Gerion,Eunice
Gelito,Mitzi Lloys
Gaurino, Alyssa
Gutierrez,Raven
Quidet,Hanna Samantha C.
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
35
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
I. Demographic Profile
Occupation: ______________________
Survey Questionnaire
INSTRUCTIONS: Please put a check mark on the boxes for your answers questions..
Yes No
36
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
Agree Disagree
37
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
38
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
Gaurino, Alyssa
From Nueva Ecija graduated high school in General de Jesus College now a
3rd year student at Far Eastern Univeristy taking up Bachelor of Science
Major in Tourism Management dwelling with the course Research Writing and
interested in the research about the methods of research.
Earned her high school diploma in Macario B. Asistion Sr. High School she is
from Navotas City now a 3rd year student taking up Bachelor of Science
Major in Tourism Management at Far Eastern University dwelling with the
course Research Writing and interested in the research about human
behavior.
Gerio, Eunice U.
39
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
Gutierrez, Raven
Macaballug, Mikaela O.
40
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
Documentation
Reference:
Future Plans for The Fort Bonifacio War Tunnel. (n.d.). Retrieved December 08, 2017, from
https://www.thefortcity.com/article/featured/future-plans-for-the-fort-bonifacio-war-tunnel
The Secret Tunnels of Fort Bonifacio. (n.d.). Retrieved December 08, 2017, from
http://www.megaworldatthefort.com/blog/the-secret-tunnels-of-bonifacio-global-city/
41
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
Ramos, M. (n.d.). War tunnel: History under ritzy Fort Boni. Retrieved December 08, 2017,
from http://globalnation.inquirer.net/51592/war-tunnel-history-under-ritzy-fort-boni
Korea News! (n.d.). Retrieved December 08, 2017, from
http://koreanewsonline.blogspot.com/2012/09/philippine-world-war-2-tunnel-of-
32.html#.WipJTrT1WRs
Carreras, C., & Rius, J. (2011). Evaluation of ICT Applications in the New Lleida Museum,
Spain. Visitor Studies, 14(2), 219-232. doi:10.1080/10645578.2011.608025
Beresford, J. M. (2016). The Caryatids in the New Acropolis Museum: Out of Sight, Out of
Light, Out of Mind. Journal of Conservation and Museum Studies, 14(1).
doi:10.5334/jcms.130
Grigg, N., & Mann, R. (2008). Review of the Australian Business Excellence Framework: A
comparison of national strategies for designing, administering and promoting Business
Excellence Frameworks. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 19(11), 1173-
1188. doi:10.1080/14783360802323669
Edson, G., & Dean, D. (1996). Handbook for museums. London: Routledge.
Hooper-Greenhill, E. (1994). Museums and their visitors. London: Routledge.
Ethics in Action at the Refurbished Archaeological Museum of Ioannina, Epirus, Greece.
(2014). Journal of Conservation and Museum Studies, 12(1), 3. doi:10.5334/jcms.1021212
hallis, D. (2012). Creating Voices: Ancient to Modern at the Petrie Museum. Journal of
Conservation and Museum Studies, 10(1). doi:10.5334/jcms.1011205
Hertz, C. (2006). Bodies of Cultures: A World Tour of Body Modification:Bodies of Cultures: A
World Tour of Body Modification. Museum Anthropology, 29(1), 71-73.
doi:10.1525/mua.2006.29.1.71
Liu, C., Liu, H., & Lin, W. (2013). Constructing Customer-based Museums Brand Equity
Model: The Mediating Role of Brand Value. International Journal of Tourism
Research, 17(3), 229-238. doi:10.1002/jtr.1979
Bandelli, A., & Konijn, E. A. (2015). Public Participation and Scientific Citizenship in the
Science Museum in London: Visitors’ Perceptions of the Museum as a Broker. Visitor
Studies,18(2), 131-149. doi:10.1080/10645578.2015.1079089
Overskaug, K., Holt, G., Hagen, K. G., Næss, A., & Steffensen, M. (2010). An Analysis of
Visitation Patterns at the Museum of Natural History and Archaeology, Trondheim, Norway,
from 1954 to 2006. Visitor Studies, 13(1), 107-117. doi:10.1080/10645571003621844
Bitgood, S., Mckerchar, T. L., & Dukes, S. (2013). Looking Back at Melton: Gallery Density
and Visitor Attention. Visitor Studies, 16(2), 217-225. doi:10.1080/10645578.2013.827024
42
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
Nieddu, M., Boatto, G., Pirisi, M. A., & Dessì, G. (2010). Determination of four
thiophenethylamine designer drugs (2C-T-4, 2C-T-8, 2C-T-13, 2C-T-17) in human urine by
capillary electrophoresis/mass spectrometry. Rapid Communications in Mass
Spectrometry,24(16), 2357-2362. doi:10.1002/rcm.4656
Huang, J., Lee, B. C., & Hsiao, C. (2008). Managing channel quality: The consequential
impacts of the grey market. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 19(12), 1235-
1247. doi:10.1080/14783360802351645
Lee, H. M., & Smith, S. L. (2015). A Visitor Experience Scale: Historic Sites and
Museums. Journal of China Tourism Research, 11(3), 255-277.
doi:10.1080/19388160.2015.1083499
Jensen, E., Dawson, E., & Falk, J. H. (2011). Dialogue and Synthesis: Developing
Consensus in Visitor Research Methodology. Visitor Studies, 14(2), 158-161.
doi:10.1080/10645578.2011.608003
Crilley, G., Weber, D., & Taplin, R. (2012). Predicting Visitor Satisfaction in Parks:
Comparing the Value of Personal Benefit Attainment and Service Levels in Kakadu National
Park, Australia. Visitor Studies, 15(2), 217-237. doi:10.1080/10645578.2012.715038
Günay, B. (2012). Museum Concept from Past to Present and Importance of Museums as
Centers of Art Education. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 55, 1250-1258.
doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.622
Hausmann, Andrea (2012) International Journal of Arts Management. Spring2012, Vol. 14
Issue 3, p32-43. 12p.
The Museum Experience. (2011). doi:10.4324/9781315417899
Early Learning in Museums - Smithsonian Homepage. (n.d.). Retrieved December 8, 2017,
from https://www.bing.com/cr?
Evans, A. B. (2000). Jules Verne and the French Literary Canon. Jules Verne, 11-34.
doi:10.5949/liverpool/9780853236948.003.0002
Stylianou-Lambert, T. (2010). Re-conceptualizing Museum Audiences: Power, Activity,
Responsibility. Visitor Studies, 13(2), 130-144. doi:10.1080/10645578.2010.509693
Managing and Marketing Tourist Destinations. (2010). doi:10.4324/9780203842300
Ethics.iit.edu. (n.d.). Retrieved December 8, 2017, from http://www.bing.com/cr?
eeley, I. H. (1973). Outdoor Recreation Patterns, Needs, Trends and Objectives. Outdoor
Recreation and the Urban Environment, 200-213. doi:10.1007/978-1-349-01815-4_9
Statistics and Probability Dictionary. (n.d.). Retrieved December 08, 2017, from
http://stattrek.com/statistics/dictionary.aspx?definition=Sample design
43
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management
Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management
Sample Size - The Number of Observations in Research. (n.d.). Retrieved December 08,
2017, from https://explorable.com/sample-size
Instrument, Validity, Reliability. (2009, July 20). Retrieved December 08, 2017, from
https://researchrundowns.com/quantitative-methods/instrument-validity-reliability/
Research Methods Information: Quantitative Research. (n.d.). Retrieved December 08,
2017, from
https://apus.libguides.com/research_methods_guide/research_methods_quantitative
The 3 Basic Types of Descriptive Research Methods. (2011, September 27). Retrieved
December 08, 2017, from https://psychcentral.com/blog/archives/2011/09/27/the-3-basic-
types-of-descriptive-research-methods/
(n.d.). Retrieved December 09, 2017, from http://www.science.ph/full_story.php?
type=News&key=6633%3Ahistory-right-under-your-noses-fort-bonifacio-tunnel-transports-
you-back-in-time-
Likert scale. (2017, December 09). Retrieved December 08, 2017, from
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likert_scale
44