Z Purlin

DESIGN OF Z PURLINS
Purlin Designation P1 JOB No.:

DATE :
Input Data: Purlin Geometry
Span of the purlin = 4.400 M
Spacing of the purlin = 1.2 M
No. of Sag rods = 1
Slope of the Roof = 10 deg.
Number of Spans = 10
(for 1 or 2 spans, Bending Moment Coefficient is 8, for 3 or more spans, it is 10)
(in case of Bending about minor axis, (No of spans)x(No of sagrods+1) is used.
Input Data: Loads
Dead Loads
Weight of Sheeting = 6 kg/sqm
Self Weight of Purlin = Automatically Calculated from Section properties
Extra for cleats, as % of Purlin weight = 10 %
Additional Dead Loads to Consider = 0 kg/sqm
Live Loads
Live load on Roof = Automatically Calculated from Slope
= 59 kg/sqm
Additional Live Loads to be considered = 0 kg/sqm
(For Design of Wall Girt (Cladding Runner), additional Live loads to be considered can be entered as -ve of LL on roof)
(Live load will be 0 effectively)
Wind Loads
Basic Wind Speed 44 m/s Terrain Category 2
k1 1 Maximum Horizontal Dimension of Building 43.25 m
k3 1 Hence, Bldg Class B
Height of Top 13.2 m
Based on the data on right, k2 is obtained from the tables
k2 1
Ht of building at eaves level, h = 9.5 m

Width of the building, w = 27.5 m
Length of the Building, l = 43.25 m
Hence, h/w = 0.149

and l/w = 1.000
Based on the h/w and l/w, the values of Cpe is obtained from tables as noted below:
Maximum Downward Cpe (include sign) -0.4
Maximum Upward Cpe (include sign) -0.7
Based on % of openings, Cpi is taken as +/- 0.5
Input Data: Purlin Section Being Checked
Try Z150X60X2.4
Yield stress of material 2400 KG/CM2

Flange Width, b 60 mm
Depth of section d 152 mm
Thickness t 2.4 mm
Length of Lip lip_l 20 mm
Inner Bending Radius 5 mm
Area 7.18 cm2

Zxx 34.06 cm3 Section Modulus about Major Axis
Zyy 9.76 cm 3
Section Modulus about Minor Axis
Ixx 258.82 cm 4
Moment of Inertia about Major Axis
Iyy 71.23 cm 4
Moment of Inertia about Minor Axis
Purlin Weight 3.519 kg/sqm
Output Summary
Section Properties OK? OK Based on Section 9 of BS:5950 Part 5 – 1998

OK Based on IS 801 Clause 5.2.2.1
Stresses Ok? OK
Critical Stress Factor 0.73
Deflection Check OK? OK
Hence, Overall: OK
Notes:
1. Section Properties Check based on Section 9 of B:5950 Part 5 is a guideline and not mandatory
Hence, Design is considered Safe even if above check only is not okay but all other checks are okay
2. Currently, this design only works if full width is effective. If full width is not effective,
this spreadsheet will report Failure in Stress Check
3. Not suitable currently for curved roofs.
4. Design is not suitable for varying spans of purlins (varying truss spacing)
Section properties
tered as -ve of LL on roof)

d will be 0 effectively)
Approximate Geometric Properties
Assumed Vertical Lips and Bending Radius disregarded
Each Lip Area 40.71 sqmm
Each Flange Area 138 sqmm
Web Area 449.42 sqmm
Total Area
Ixx of each lip, indiv. 1062.84 mm 4
Zxx
Ixx of each flange, indiv 60.84 mm 4
Zyy
Ixx of web 1429948.08 mm 4
Ixx total
Iyy total
Iyy of each lip, indiv. 17.95 mm4
Iyy of each flange, indiv 41400.00 mm4
Iyy of web 198.12 mm4
ot mandatory
t all other checks are okay
8.07 cm2
47.72 cm3
10.22 cm3
477.18 cm4
61.34 cm4
Span of the purlin = 4.400
Spacing of the purlin = 1.2
No. of Sag rods = 1
Slope of the Roof = 10
Bending Moment Coefficients: Use 8 for Single/Two spans, 10 for 3 or more spans
Bending Moment Coefficient for Mxx(BMCX) 10
For Bending About Minor Axis, Number of spans= number of spans x (number of sagrods+1)
Number of Spans about Minor Axis = 20
Bending Moment Coefficient for Myy(BMCY) 10
Cross Sectional Area of Purlin 7.18 cm2

Purlin Weight = 5.636 kg/m (Area in sqcm x 0.785 kg/sqcm/m) in kg/m
= 4.697 kg/sqm (Weight in kg/m)/spacing
Design Calculations: Primary Load Cases
DEAD LOAD
Weight of Sheeting 6.000

Self Weight of Purlin (calculated above) 4.697
Extra load for weight 10 % of purlin weight 0.470
Other Dead Loads 0.000
Total Dead Load 11.167

= 0.112
LIVE LOAD
Live Load on Roof = 75 kg/sqm if slope is less than 10 degrees. If Slope is more than 10 degrees, LL = 75 – 2x(slope-10), subject to minimu
Live load on Roof = 75
Additional Live Loads to be considered = 0
Total Live Load 75

= 0.750
WIND LOAD
Basic Wind Speed Vb 44 m/s

k1 1
k3 1
Terrain Category 2
Maximum Horizontal Dimension of Building 43.25 m
Hence, Building Class is B
Based on the above data, k2 is obtained from the tables

k2 1
Design Wind Speed Vz=k1.k2.k3.Vb 44 m/s

Design Wind Pressure pz=0.6Vz^2 1161.600 N/sqm
= 1.162 kN/sqm
Ht of building at eaves level, h = 9.5

Width of the building, w = 27.5
Length of the Building, l = 43.25
Hence, h/w = 0.345

and l/w = 1.573
Maximum Downward Cpe (including sign) -0.4
Maximum Upward Cpe (including sign) -0.7
Wind Load is included in two load combinations – DL+WL and DL+LL+WL

Since, Dead Load and Live Load are downward, DL+WL will be critical for the maximum upward wind force
Similarly, DL+LL+WL will be critical for the maximum downward wind force
WL1: Maximum Upward Wind Force – To be used in combination DL+WL1

Cpi to use (for upward, use -) -0.5
Hence, Cpe+Cpi = -1.2
Design Wind Pressure pz 1.162 kN/sqm
Wind pressure for Purlin Design -1.394 kN/sqm
WL2: Maximum Downward Wind Force – To be used in combination DL+LL+WL2

Cpi to use (for upward, use -) 0.5
Hence, Cpe+Cpi = 0.1
Wind pressure for Purlin Design 0.116 kN/sqm
Design Calculations: Primary Load Cases – Conversion of forces to Normal And Tangential Components
Spacing of the purlin = 1.2 m

Slope of the Roof = 10 degrees
Total Dead Load = 0.112 kN/sqm
DL Normal Component = DL x Spacing x cos(slope) = 0.132 kN/m

DL Tangential Component = DL x Spacing x sin(slope) = 0.023 kN/m
Total Live Load = 0.750 kN/sqm
LL Normal Component = LL x Spacing x cos(slope) = 0.886 kN/m

LL Tangential Component = LL x Spacing x sin(slope) = 0.156 kN/m
Total Wind Load in WL1 = -1.394 kN/sqm
WL is normal to roof
Hence, WL1 normal component = WL1 x Spacing = -1.673 kN/m
And, WL1 Tangential component = 0 kN/m
Total Wind Load in WL2 = 0.116 kN/sqm
Hence, WL2 normal component = WL2 x Spacing = 0.139 kN/m
Design Calculations:Summary of Loads in Load Combinations

From above calculations, the components of load in the various load combinations are tabulated
DL+LL DL+WL1 DL+LL+WL2
Normal Load 1.018 -1.541 1.158 kN/m
Tangential Load 0.180 0.023 0.180 kN/m
For Strength Design, 0.75 factor is applicable for combinations with Wind Load since 33.33% extra stress is allowed
Hence, the components of load in the various load combinations for Strength design are
DL+LL 0.75(DL+WL1) 0.75(DL+LL+WL2)
Normal Load 1.018 -1.156 0.868 kN/m
Maximum Normal Component = 1.018 kN/m
Purlin Section Selected:

Section Name Z150X60X2.4
Yield stress of material 2400 kg/sqcm

Thickness t 2.4 mm
Internal Bending radius 0 mm
Total bending Radius, rad 5 mm
Flange Width w/o bend, w = b – 2 x rad 50 mm
Area 7.18 cm2

Zxx 34.06 cm3
Zyy 9.76 cm3
Ixx 258.82 cm4
Iyy 71.23 cm4

Design Calculations: Checking Basic Section Properties based on Section 9 of BS:5950 Part 5 – 1998
Check No. 1 – Overall Depth <= 100t & >=L/45

Overall Depth 152 mm
100t = 240 mm
L/45 = 97.778 mm
Hence OK
Check No. 2 – Overall Width of Compression Flange<=35t

35t = 84 mm
Hence OK
Check No. 3 – Width of Lip >= b/5

Width of Lip 20 mm
B/5 = 12 mm
Hence OK
Check No. 4 – Total Width over both flanges >= L/60

Total Width over both flanges 115.2 mm
L/60 = 73.333 mm
Hence OK
Check No. 5 – Zxx of Purlin >= WL/1400 for Simply Supported Purlin and >=WL/1800 for Continuous
Zxx = 34.06 cm3
W is normal component of unfactored distributed dead load plus imposed load in kN

L is span of purlin in mm
W= 4.480 kN
L= 4400 mm
Hence, denominator = 1800
WL/denominator 10.952
Hence OK
Result 1: Check for Section Properties Based on BS 5950 Part 5 Sec.9:
Design Calculations: Checking Basic Section Properties based on IS 801 for Lip of Purlin
Minimum Depth of Lip shall be 2.8 x t x ((w/t)^2-281200/Fy)^(1/6) and not less than 4.8t
t= 2.4 mm
w= 50 mm
Fy= 2400 kg/sqcm
w/t= 20.8333333333
2.8 x t x ((w/t)^2-281200/Fy)^(1/6) 17.546 mm
4.8t= 11.52 mm
Lip l= 20 mm
Hence OK
Lip is Edge stiffener only if w/t<60

Here, w/t = 20.8333333333
Hence OK
Result 2: Check for Section Properties Based on IS 801 Clause 5.2.2OK
Design Calculations: Stress Checks
Check for w/t, lim = 1435/sqrt(f)
As per clause 5.2.1.1 of IS 801,

f is the actual stress in compression element computed based on effective width
Compression stress based on full width = Max (Mxx/Zxx+Myy/Zyy) for all three unfactored combinations
Span for major axis bending = Span of purlin

= 4.400 m
Span for minor axis bending = Span of purlin / (no. of sagrods + 1)
= 2.2 m

Note: Calculation for the above is at the top of the report

Normal Load 1.018 -1.541 1.158 kN/m
Mxx 1.971 2.983 2.241 KN-m

Myy 0.348 0.045 0.348 KN-m
Mxx/Zxx 57.881 87.577 65.804 N/sqmm

Myy/Zyy 35.616 4.616 35.616 N/sqmm
Mxx/Zxx+Myy/Zyy 93.497 92.193 101.420 N/sqmm
Max. Compression Stress = 101.420 N/sqmm
f = 101.420 N/sqmm
= 1014.198 kg/sqcm
1435/sqrt(f) = 45.060
w/t = 20.8333333333
Hence OK Design is restricted to Fully Effective Section
Maximum Compressive Stress based on Lateral Buckling of Flange, as per Clause 6.3 of IS 801
Calculate X=L2Sxc/(dIyc)
and Y = Pi2ECb/Fy
Fb, the Allowable Compressive Stress based on Lateral Buckling of Flange is calculated as
X<0.18Y implies, Fb = 0.6 Fy - CASE (i)
X>0.18Y but X<0.9Y implies, Fb= 0.667 Fy – Fy . X / (2.7 Y) - CASE (ii)
X>0.9Y implies Fb = 0.3 Fy . Y / X - CASE (iii)
L = Unbraced Length of member = Span / (Number of sagrods+1) 220

Sxc = Compression Section Modulus of section about major axis = Zxx 34.06
d = Depth of Section = 20
Iyc = Moment of Inertia of the compression portion = Iyy/2 35.615
Hence, X = 2314.339
Pi = 3.1415926536
E = Modulus of Elasticity, as per IS 801 is taken as 2074000
Cb as per IS 801 can be taken conservatively assuming M1=0 (end span) 1.75
Fy = 2400
Hence Y = 14925.720
Hence, 0.18 Y = 2686.630

And, 0.9 Y = 13433.148
Comparing X with 0.18Y and 0.9Y, the applicable case is 1
Hence, Fb = 0.667Fy-Fy.X/(2.7Y)
= 1462.9714351468
= 146.297
Basic Allowable Design Stress = 0.6Fy 1440

= 144
Hence, allowable stress is calculated as lower of the two = 144.000

Mxx/Zxx+Myy/Zyy 93.497 92.193 101.420 N/sqmm, calculated above
Allowed 144.000 191.520 191.520
Safety Ratio 0.649 0.481 0.530
Max. Safety Ratio 0.649 OK

Shear Stress in Web
As per clause 6.4.1 of IS 801,allowed maximum average shear stress Fv in kgf/sqcm is calculated as
Case 1: If h/t is less than 4590/sqrt(Fy), Fv=1275 x sqrt(Fy) / (h/t) 1275 x sqrt(Fy)/(h/t) =
Case 2: If h/t is more than 4590/sqrt(Fy), Fv=5850000 / (h/t)^2 5850000/(h/t)^2 =
Both are subject to maximum 0.4Fy 0.4Fy =
h 147.200 mm (Clear Depth between flanges = Depth – 2 x thickness)

t 2.400
Hence, h/t = 61.333
4590/sqrt(Fy) = 93.693
Hence, Case is : 1
Hence, Fv = t to maximum of 0.4Fy

= 1018.402 kgf/sqcm
Actual Shear '=wl/2 Here, w = SQRT(Wn^2+Wt^2)

Normal Load 1.018 -1.156 0.868 kN/m
w= 1.034 1.156 0.879 kN/m

Hence, Shear= 2.275 2.543 1.933 kN
Shear Stress fv=V/dt 6.439 7.197 5.472
Stress Ratio 0.063 0.071 0.054
Max. Shear Stress Ratio in Web 0.071
Hence OK
Bending Stress in Web
As per clause 6.4.2of IS 801 for the design check of allowable stress in combined shear and bending
Fbw = 36560000/(h/t)^2
Here, h/t already calculated above as 61.333
Hence, Fbw = 9718.809 kg/sqcm

971.881 N/sqmm
Basic Allowable Design Stress calculated earlier = 0.6Fy
144 N/sqmm
Hence, governing value for Fbw = 144.000 N/sqmm
Already calculated fbw = Mxx/Zxx since Zyy at web is very high (x=t/2, Z=I/x)
Mxx/Zxx 57.881 87.577 65.804 N/sqmm
Fbw 144.000 191.52 191.52
Safety Ratio 0.402 0.457 0.344

Max. Safety Ratio 0.457
In summary, Bending stresses in Web is: OK
Combined Shear and Bending Stresses in Web
As per clause 6.4.3 of IS 801 for the design check of allowable stress in combined shear and bending
SQRT((fbw/Fbw)^2+(fv/Fv)^2) must be less than 1
In this clause, Fbw is not restricted by 0.6Fy and Fv is not restricted by 0.4Fy

Hence, Fbw = 971.881 1292.602 1292.602
And Fv = 1018.402 1354.475 1354.475
Actual stresses already calculated are

fbw 57.881 87.577 65.804
fv= 6.439 7.197 5.472
fbw/Fbw 0.060 0.068 0.051

fv/Fv 0.006 0.005 0.004
SQRT of sum of squares 0.060 0.068 0.051
Maximum Combined Stress Ratio in Web is 0.068
In summary, Combined stresses in Web is: OK
Result 3: Check for Stresses: OK

Overall Safety Ratio 0.457
Design Calculations: Deflection Check

Theoretical Deflection is calculated as (5/384) (wl^4/EI) for Simply Supported beam and (3/384) (wl^4/EI) for multiple spans
Here, number of spans = 3
Hence, formula to use = (3/384) (wl^4/EI)
w is normal component of unfactored distributed load in kN/m, max. of all load combinations
= 1.724 kN/m
L = Span of the Purlin 6.000 m
E = Modulus of Elasticity, as per IS 801 is taken as 2074000 kg/sqcm

= 207400 N/sqmm
I = Ixx 477.18 Cm^4
Hence, Theoretical Deflection = 17.64 mm
Allowable Deflection as IS codes is Span/180: 33.33 mm
Hence OK
As per MBMA, allowed deflection from Live load component must be within Span/240
Span 6.000 m
or 6000 mm
Span/240 = 25.00 mm
Normal Component of Live Load 1.01 kN/m

Hence, deflection from Live Load = 10.3331229651
Hence OK
Result 4: Check for Deflection: OK
Results Summary

Stresses Ok? OK
Hence, Overall: OK
Notes:
M
M
deg.
sqcm x 0.785 kg/sqcm/m) in kg/m

n kg/m)/spacing
kg/sqm
kg/sqm
kg/sqm
kg/sqm
kg/sqm
kN/sqm
75 – 2x(slope-10), subject to minimum of 40 kg/sqm

KG/M2 75 40
KG/M 2
e of LL on roof)
kg/sqm
kN/sqm
m
m
m
Tangential Components
extra stress is allowed

sqcm x 0.785 kg/sqcm/m) in kg/m
n kg/m)/spacing
5950 Part 5 – 1998

>=WL/1800 for Continuous Purlin
2.8 x t x ((w/t)^2-281200/Fy)^(1/6)
Effective Section
r Clause 6.3 of IS 801

cm
Cm^3
cm
Cm^4
(unitless)
kgf/sqcm
kg/sqcm
(unitless)
kg/sqcm
N/sqmm
kg/sqcm
N/sqmm
N/sqmm
m, calculated above
1018.402
1555.116
960
es = Depth – 2 x thickness)
84) (wl^4/EI) for multiple spans
50 Part 5 – 1998
Z Purlin Design Report Prepared By Madurai ES Consultancy Se
Code Author: S. Arunkumar, Managing D
Code Version: R1 Code Year: 2011
Revision History R0: Basic Design with checks for Stresses and Deflection based on IS 800 only
R1: Added Section property checks and Allowable Stress Calculations based on IS
JOB No.: 4786

Span of the purlin = 6.000
Spacing of the purlin = 1.8
No. of Sag rods = 2
Slope of the Roof = 18
Number of Spans = 3
Bending Moment Coefficients: Use 8 for Single/Two spans, 10 for 3 or more spans
For Bending About Minor Axis, Number of spans= number of spans x (number of sagrods+1)
Number of Spans about Minor Axis = 9
Cross Sectional Area of Purlin 8.07 cm2

Design Calculations: Primary Load Cases
DEAD LOAD
Weight of Sheeting 6.000

Self Weight of Purlin (calculated above) 3.519
Extra load for weight 10 % of purlin weight 0.352
Other Dead Loads 0.000
Total Dead Load 9.871

= 0.099
LIVE LOAD
Live Load on Roof = 75 kg/sqm if slope is less than 10 degrees. If Slope is more than 10 degrees, LL = 75 – 2x(slope-10), subject to minimu
Live load on Roof = 59
Additional Live Loads to be considered = 0
Total Live Load 59

= 0.590
WIND LOAD
Basic Wind Speed Vb 39 m/s

k1 1
k3 1
Terrain Category 2
Maximum Horizontal Dimension of Building 33.528 m
Hence, Building Class is B
Based on the above data, k2 is obtained from the tables

k2 0.98
Design Wind Speed Vz=k1.k2.k3.Vb 38.22 m/s

Design Wind Pressure pz=0.6Vz^2 876.461 N/sqm
= 0.876 kN/sqm
Ht of building at eaves level, h = 5

Width of the building, w = 33.5
Length of the Building, l = 33.5
Hence, h/w = 0.149

and l/w = 1.000
Wind Load is included in two load combinations – DL+WL and DL+LL+WL

Since, Dead Load and Live Load are downward, DL+WL will be critical for the maximum upward wind force
Similarly, DL+LL+WL will be critical for the maximum downward wind force
WL1: Maximum Upward Wind Force – To be used in combination DL+WL1

Cpi to use (for upward, use -) -0.5
Hence, Cpe+Cpi = -1.2

Wind pressure for Purlin Design -1.052 kN/sqm
WL2: Maximum Downward Wind Force – To be used in combination DL+LL+WL2

Cpi to use (for upward, use -) 0.5
Hence, Cpe+Cpi = 0.1
Wind pressure for Purlin Design 0.088 kN/sqm
Design Calculations: Primary Load Cases – Conversion of forces to Normal And Tangential Components
Spacing of the purlin = 1.8 m

Slope of the Roof = 18 degrees
Total Dead Load = 0.099 kN/sqm
DL Normal Component = DL x Spacing x cos(slope) = 0.169 kN/m

DL Tangential Component = DL x Spacing x sin(slope) = 0.055 kN/m
Total Live Load = 0.590 kN/sqm
LL Normal Component = LL x Spacing x cos(slope) = 1.010 kN/m

LL Tangential Component = LL x Spacing x sin(slope) = 0.328 kN/m
Total Wind Load in WL1 = -1.052 kN/sqm
Hence, WL1 normal component = WL1 x Spacing = -1.893 kN/m
Total Wind Load in WL2 = 0.088 kN/sqm
Hence, WL2 normal component = WL2 x Spacing = 0.158 kN/m
Design Calculations:Summary of Loads in Load Combinations
From above calculations, the components of load in the various load combinations are tabulated
Normal Load 1.179 -1.724 1.337 kN/m
For Strength Design, 0.75 factor is applicable for combinations with Wind Load since 33.33% extra stress is allowed
Hence, the components of load in the various load combinations for Strength design are
Normal Load 1.179 -1.293 1.003 kN/m
Maximum Normal Component = 1.179 kN/m
Purlin Section Selected:

Section Name Z 200x60x2.3
Yield stress of material 2400 kg/sqcm

Thickness t 2.3 mm
Internal Bending radius 3 mm
Total bending Radius, rad 5.3 mm
Flange Width w/o bend, w = b – 2 x rad 49.4 mm
Area 8.07 cm2

Zxx 47.72 cm3
Zyy 10.22 cm3
Ixx 477.18 cm4
Iyy 61.34 cm4

Design Calculations: Checking Basic Section Properties based on Section 9 of BS:5950 Part 5 – 1998
Check No. 1 – Overall Depth <= 100t & >=L/45

Overall Depth 200 mm
100t = 230 mm
L/45 = 133.333 mm
Hence OK
Check No. 2 – Overall Width of Compression Flange<=35t

35t = 80.5 mm
Hence OK
Check No. 3 – Width of Lip >= b/5

Width of Lip 20 mm
B/5 = 12 mm
Hence OK
Check No. 4 – Total Width over both flanges >= L/60

Total Width over both flanges 117.7 mm
L/60 = 100.000 mm
Hence OK
Check No. 5 – Zxx of Purlin >= WL/1400 for Simply Supported Purlin and >=WL/1800 for Continuous
Zxx = 47.72 cm3
W is normal component of unfactored distributed dead load plus imposed load in kN

L is span of purlin in mm
W= 7.074 kN
L= 6000 mm
Number of Spans = 3
Hence, denominator = 1800
WL/denominator 23.580
Hence OK
Result 1: Check for Section Properties Based on BS 5950 Part 5 Sec.OK
Design Calculations: Checking Basic Section Properties based on IS 801 for Lip of Purlin
Minimum Depth of Lip shall be 2.8 x t x ((w/t)^2-281200/Fy)^(1/6) and not less than 4.8t
t= 2.3 mm
w= 49.4 mm
Fy= 2400 kg/sqcm
w/t= 21.4782608696
2.8 x t x ((w/t)^2-281200/Fy)^(1/6) 17.048 mm
4.8t= 11.04 mm
Lip l= 20 mm
Hence OK
Lip is Edge stiffener only if w/t<60

Here, w/t = 21.4782608696
Hence OK
Result 2: Check for Section Properties Based on IS 801 Clause 5.2.2.OK
Design Calculations: Stress Checks
Check for w/t, lim = 1435/sqrt(f)
As per clause 5.2.1.1 of IS 801,

f is the actual stress in compression element computed based on effective width
Compression stress based on full width = Max (Mxx/Zxx+Myy/Zyy) for all three unfactored combinations
Span for major axis bending = Span of purlin

= 6.000 m
Span for minor axis bending = Span of purlin / (no. of sagrods + 1)
= 2m

Note: Calculation for the above is at the top of the report

Normal Load 1.179 -1.724 1.337 kN/m
Mxx 4.244 6.207 4.812 KN-m

Myy 0.153 0.022 0.153 KN-m
Mxx/Zxx 88.947 130.077 100.849 N/sqmm

Myy/Zyy 14.988 2.148 14.988 N/sqmm
Max. Compression Stress = 132.225 N/sqmm

f = 132.225 N/sqmm
= 1322.249 kg/sqcm
1435/sqrt(f) = 39.463
w/t = 21.4782608696
Hence OK Design is restricted to Fully Effective Section
Maximum Compressive Stress based on Lateral Buckling of Flange, as per Clause 6.3 of IS 801
Calculate X=L2Sxc/(dIyc)
and Y = Pi2ECb/Fy
Fb, the Allowable Compressive Stress based on Lateral Buckling of Flange is calculated as
X<0.18Y implies, Fb = 0.6 Fy - CASE (i)
X>0.18Y but X<0.9Y implies, Fb= 0.667 Fy – Fy . X / (2.7 Y) - CASE (ii)
X>0.9Y implies Fb = 0.3 Fy . Y / X - CASE (iii)
L = Unbraced Length of member = Span / (Number of sagrods+1) 200

Sxc = Compression Section Modulus of section about major axis = Zxx 47.72
d = Depth of Section = 20
Iyc = Moment of Inertia of the compression portion = Iyy/2 30.6708864958
Hence, X = 3111.639
Pi = 3.1415926536
E = Modulus of Elasticity, as per IS 801 is taken as 2074000
Cb as per IS 801 can be taken conservatively assuming M1=0 (end span) 1.75
Fy = 2400
Hence Y = 14925.720
Hence, 0.18 Y = 2686.630

And, 0.9 Y = 13433.148
Comparing X with 0.18Y and 0.9Y, the applicable case is 2
Hence, Fb = 0.667Fy-Fy.X/(2.7Y)
= 1414.6889296355
= 141.469
Basic Allowable Design Stress = 0.6Fy 1440

= 144
Hence, allowable stress is calculated as lower of the two = 141.469

Mxx/Zxx+Myy/Zyy 103.935 132.225 115.837 N/sqmm, calculated above
Allowed 141.469 188.154 188.154
Safety Ratio 0.735 0.703 0.616
Max. Safety Ratio 0.735 OK
Shear Stress in Web
As per clause 6.4.1 of IS 801,allowed maximum average shear stress Fv in kgf/sqcm is calculated as
Case 1: If h/t is less than 4590/sqrt(Fy), Fv=1275 x sqrt(Fy) / (h/t) 1275 x sqrt(Fy)/(h/t) =
Case 2: If h/t is more than 4590/sqrt(Fy), Fv=5850000 / (h/t)^2 5850000/(h/t)^2 =
Both are subject to maximum 0.4Fy 0.4Fy =
h 195.400 mm (Clear Depth between flanges = Depth – 2 x thickness)

t 2.300
Hence, h/t = 84.957
4590/sqrt(Fy) = 93.693
Hence, Case is : 1
Hence, Fv = t to maximum of 0.4Fy

= 735.223 kgf/sqcm
Actual Shear '=wl/2 Here, w = SQRT(Wn^2+Wt^2)

Normal Load 1.179 -1.293 1.003 kN/m
w= 1.240 1.294 1.043 kN/m

Hence, Shear= 3.719 3.881 3.129 kN
Shear Stress fv=V/dt 8.275 8.636 6.962
Stress Ratio 0.113 0.117 0.095
Max. Shear Stress Ratio in Web 0.117

Hence OK
Bending Stress in Web
As per clause 6.4.2of IS 801 for the design check of allowable stress in combined shear and bending
Fbw = 36560000/(h/t)^2
Here, h/t already calculated above as 84.957
Hence, Fbw = 5065.388 kg/sqcm

506.539 N/sqmm
Basic Allowable Design Stress calculated earlier = 0.6Fy
144 N/sqmm
Hence, governing value for Fbw = 144 N/sqmm
Already calculated fbw = Mxx/Zxx since Zyy at web is very high (x=t/2, Z=I/x)
Mxx/Zxx 88.947 130.077 100.849 N/sqmm
Fbw 144 191.52 191.52
Safety Ratio 0.618 0.679 0.527

Max. Safety Ratio 0.679
In summary, Bending stresses in Web is: OK
Combined Shear and Bending Stresses in Web
As per clause 6.4.3 of IS 801 for the design check of allowable stress in combined shear and bending
SQRT((fbw/Fbw)^2+(fv/Fv)^2) must be less than 1
In this clause, Fbw is not restricted by 0.6Fy and Fv is not restricted by 0.4Fy

Hence, Fbw = 506.539 673.697 673.697
And Fv = 735.223 977.847 977.847
Actual stresses already calculated are

fbw 88.947 130.077 100.849
fv= 8.275 8.636 6.962
fbw/Fbw 0.176 0.193 0.150

fv/Fv 0.011 0.009 0.007
SQRT of sum of squares 0.176 0.193 0.150

Maximum Combined Stress Ratio in Web is 0.193
In summary, Combined stresses in Web is: OK
Result 3: Check for Stresses: OK

Overall Safety Ratio 0.735
Design Calculations: Deflection Check
Theoretical Deflection is calculated as (5/384) (wl^4/EI) for Simply Supported beam and (3/384) (wl^4/EI) for multiple spans
Here, number of spans = 3
Hence, formula to use = (3/384) (wl^4/EI)
w is normal component of unfactored distributed load in kN/m, max. of all load combinations
= 1.724 kN/m
L = Span of the Purlin 6.000 m
E = Modulus of Elasticity, as per IS 801 is taken as 2074000 kg/sqcm

= 207400 N/sqmm
I = Ixx 477.18 Cm^4
Hence, Theoretical Deflection = 17.64 mm
Allowable Deflection as IS codes is Span/180: 33.33 mm
Hence OK
As per MBMA, allowed deflection from Live load component must be within Span/240
Span 6.000 m
or 6000 mm
Span/240 = 25.00 mm
Normal Component of Live Load 1.01 kN/m

Hence, deflection from Live Load = 10.3331229651
Hence OK
Result 4: Check for Deflection: OK
Results Summary

Stresses Ok? OK
Hence, Overall: OK
Notes:
d By Madurai ES Consultancy Services Pvt Ltd.
thor: S. Arunkumar, Managing Director.
lection based on IS 800 only

Stress Calculations based on IS 801
DATE : 16-8-11
M 4.4
M 1.2
deg. 10
10
10
sqcm x 0.785 kg/sqcm/m) in kg/m 8.13

n kg/m)/spacing 6.775
kg/sqm 6
kg/sqm 6.775
kg/sqm 0.6775
kg/sqm
kg/sqm 13.4525
kN/sqm 0.134525
5 – 2x(slope-10), subject to minimum of 40 kg/sqm

KG/M2 75
KG/M2
of LL on roof)
kg/sqm 75
kN/sqm 0.75
44
1
1
2
43.25
B
13.2
44
1161.6
1.1616
m 9.5
m 27.5
m 43.25
0.3454545455
1.5727272727
-0.4
-0.7
0.5
-0.7
-0.5
-1.2
1.1616
-1.39392
-0.4
0.5
0.1
1.1616
0.11616
angential Components
1.2
10
0.134525
0.1589775156
0.0280320253
0.75
0.8863269777
0.1562833599
-1.39392
-1.672704
0.11616
0.139392
1.0453044933 -1.5137264844 1.1846964933
0.1843153852 0.0280320253 0.1843153852
tra stress is allowed

1.0453044933 -1.1352948633 0.88852237
0.1843153852 0.021024019 0.1382365389
1.0453044933
Z200X70X2.4
2400
70
200
2.4
23.8
5
5
60
9
55.24
13.57
552.39
116.19
sqcm x 0.785 kg/sqcm/m) in kg/m 7.17

n kg/m)/spacing 5.975
950 Part 5 – 1998
200
240
97.7777777778
OK
70
84
OK
23.8
14
OK
=WL/1800 for Continuous Purlin

55.24
4.5993397704
4400
10
1800
11.2428305499
OK
OK
2.4
60
2400
25
4185.134827538
11.52
4.4
2.2
10
10

Normal Load 1.0453044933 -1.5137264844 1.1846964933 kN/m
Mxx 2.024 2.931 2.294 KN-m

Myy 0.357 0.054 0.357 KN-m
Mxx/Zxx 36.635 53.052 41.520 N/sqmm

Myy/Zyy 26.296 3.999 26.296 N/sqmm
67.816
67.816
678.1598050611
55.1043493034
25
Effective Section OK
Clause 6.3 of IS 801
cm 220
Cm^3 55.24
cm 20
Cm^4 58.095
(unitless) 2301.072381444
3.1415926536
kgf/sqcm 2074000
1.75
kg/sqcm 2400
(unitless) 14925.72048906
2686.629688032
13433.14844016
kg/sqcm 1446.961545214
N/sqmm 144.6961545214
kg/sqcm 1440
N/sqmm 144
N/sqmm 144
m, calculated above Mxx/Zxx+Myy/Zy 62.9306996951 57.0509371936 67.81598

144 191.52 191.52
0.437 0.2978850104 0.354093
0.437
735.223 767.9752677169
810.518 884.3388873959
960 960
es = Depth – 2 x thickness) 195.2

2.4
81.3333333333
93.6929826615
767.9752677169

normal 1.0453044933 -1.1352948633 0.88852237
tangential 0.1843153852 0.021024019 0.1382365389
w 1.06143 1.1354895138 0.8992115116

shear 2.335146 2.4980769305 1.9782653255
shear stress fv 4.9845158811 5.3323021911 4.2227316546
0.0649050859 0.0694337304 0.054985633
0.0694337304
81.3333333333
5526.74012362
552.674012362
1440
144
144
Mxx/Zxx 36.6348569694 53.051674038 41.5201377804 N/sqmm

144 191.52 191.52
0.254408729 0.2770033106 0.2167926994

0.2770033106

552.674012362 735.0564364418 735.0564364418
767.975267717 1021.407106063 1021.4071060634
36.6348569694 53.051674038 41.5201377804

4.9845158811 5.3323021911 4.2227316546
0.0662865562 0.0721736066 0.0564856462

0.0064904641 0.0052205454 0.0041342298
0.0666035559 0.0723621695 0.0566367379
0.0723621695
) (wl^4/EI) for multiple spans
0.0078125
1.513
4.4
2074000
207400
552.39
17.639392272 3.8670973436
24.4444444444
50 Part 5 – 1998
N/sqmm

Z Purlin

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Z Purlin

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DESIGN OF Z PURLINS

Purlin Designation P1 JOB No.:

Input Data: Loads

Ht of building at eaves level, h = 9.5 m

Hence, h/w = 0.149

Input Data: Purlin Section Being Checked

Yield stress of material 2400 KG/CM2

Area 7.18 cm2

Purlin Weight 3.519 kg/sqm

Section Properties OK? OK Based on Section 9 of BS:5950 Part 5 – 1998

Deflection Check OK? OK

tered as -ve of LL on roof)

Cross Sectional Area of Purlin 7.18 cm2

Design Calculations: Primary Load Cases

Weight of Sheeting 6.000

Total Dead Load 11.167

Total Live Load 75

Basic Wind Speed Vb 44 m/s

Based on the above data, k2 is obtained from the tables

Design Wind Speed Vz=k1.k2.k3.Vb 44 m/s

Ht of building at eaves level, h = 9.5

Hence, h/w = 0.345

Based on % of openings, Cpi is taken as +/- 0.5

Wind Load is included in two load combinations – DL+WL and DL+LL+WL

WL1: Maximum Upward Wind Force – To be used in combination DL+WL1

Maximum Upward Cpe (including sign) -0.7

Hence, Cpe+Cpi = -1.2

Design Wind Pressure pz 1.162 kN/sqm

Wind pressure for Purlin Design -1.394 kN/sqm

WL2: Maximum Downward Wind Force – To be used in combination DL+LL+WL2

Maximum Downward Cpe (including sign) -0.4

Design Wind Pressure pz 1.162 kN/sqm

Wind pressure for Purlin Design 0.116 kN/sqm

Spacing of the purlin = 1.2 m

Total Dead Load = 0.112 kN/sqm

DL Normal Component = DL x Spacing x cos(slope) = 0.132 kN/m

Total Live Load = 0.750 kN/sqm

LL Normal Component = LL x Spacing x cos(slope) = 0.886 kN/m

Total Wind Load in WL1 = -1.394 kN/sqm

Total Wind Load in WL2 = 0.116 kN/sqm

Design Calculations:Summary of Loads in Load Combinations

Maximum Normal Component = 1.018 kN/m

Purlin Section Selected:

Yield stress of material 2400 kg/sqcm

Flange Width w/o bend, w = b – 2 x rad 50 mm

Area 7.18 cm2

Purlin Weight = 5.636 kg/m (Area in sqcm x 0.785 kg/sqcm/m) in kg/m

Check No. 1 – Overall Depth <= 100t & >=L/45

Check No. 2 – Overall Width of Compression Flange<=35t

Check No. 3 – Width of Lip >= b/5

Check No. 4 – Total Width over both flanges >= L/60

W is normal component of unfactored distributed dead load plus imposed load in kN

Result 1: Check for Section Properties Based on BS 5950 Part 5 Sec.9:

Lip is Edge stiffener only if w/t<60

Design Calculations: Stress Checks

Check for w/t, lim = 1435/sqrt(f)

As per clause 5.2.1.1 of IS 801,

Span for major axis bending = Span of purlin

Bending Moment Coefficient for Mxx(BMCX) 10

DL+LL DL+WL1 DL+LL+WL2

Mxx 1.971 2.983 2.241 KN-m

Mxx/Zxx 57.881 87.577 65.804 N/sqmm

Mxx/Zxx+Myy/Zyy 93.497 92.193 101.420 N/sqmm