E A AHNIKOE AOTOI

ANATYN ON

E I T M NHM HN

KA N>TA NTI NOY X A >A N H

(('O 'H).r,oxevcpr,opbq
r6v 'Opglx6vl (d,noond.c,p.ura
dnb cilv Dr,a-
rpr9i sou Kol\r. xArAnH r<'H'E).),4vr,x{'Aorpovopr,la
ci6
B' Xr,).uec4p[8o6n.X. xard. roUq 'Opgr,xoU6"Tpvou6r>).
<tKciora6 Xaod,r16r 6rcb >.
t<'H z^\ xa.i. rb "Epyo cou Kolvoravdvou Xaod,nl r> 6zc6
MAPO> K. IANA@ANAEIOT

ToYAIOX r973
 EN@ETON T'

H EAAHI\IKH ATTPOI\OMTA
THX B'XIAIETTIPMOXfI.X.
KATA TOYXOPOIKOYXYMI\OYX

AIIOEIIAXMATA AIIO THN

AIATPIBH TOY

K. I. XAXAIH
 EN@ETON T'

EiooTalyr,rd oqpeiarpa

Elvar, np&yp"uct rco].r586oxo],o rb vd xu.cugtgrl xavei6 voi 8r,a].6[r1

pr.epr,xi6oe).[8e6<{eXcopr,oc}6>r dnb €vu or5trypopgt"u r6co onou8aio orb
o6vo).6Tou, 6nol6 rr'H'El).ryvr,xfi'Aoqoaop,la tfie B' Xil.rcrr1gi\ogn.X.
xard rodE 'OggwoiE "Yp,aoae)) ro0 d,er,pvdocou <30vr,xoUld,orpov6pr,ou
p"aq xui Au8aoxd,).ouFou, Kcovoravrlvou X. Xaod,n1. fu' at}cb xui re-
),r,x66 8r,dtreEaoe),i8e6 zcor) c& xetp.ev&.cou6 vd, dXouv x&noru ).oyr,xi
ouv61er,a y.e"cal,Srou6, vct dvag6pot\"c&L8z1la}i1 o' $va <txouvbrr069.r.
Ka i sd 06p" a0cb 8iv eZvar, & ir). o d n b c b v rt ' H). ro x e v rp ro , F b r6 v
'O p g Lx6 u r, govi Sr,apr,apcugtuq yu&.siq &aroyeq Bx8z1).<iroeuq topra-
opoU cdrv 500 ic6v drcb tlu y-vlo-n roU Konepvlxou Xlpu Fd6,
noil rlv 6).ctprrpuvavcd, goireuvd,rcve6paca rdrv 'ApXa[olv "ti 'Aocpov6polv
Vaet air6v rdrv <Muor6v cdrv Muoc4plolvr riq Mo$oaq T\q 'Aorpo-
vopr,ia6-'Aocpo).oytaq, Oripavia6.
Mripor K. flazcaOavaolou
{c

'H dxSoozl roU dpyouDe revolutionibus orbium coelestiumro6

flo).<ovoU p,afug.ocrlxoU, docpov6pr,ou xai gu).o).6youN. Korc6pvr,xov (1.473-
l'543), Oeorpd0rlxe <oca0pr,b6> oriv loropla ri,q &.orpovoplw, q, xul. 6 t8uoq
ci6 a0epr,e).r,ol-ls, fis <t'H).r,oxevrpuxiq> 0eolp[a6,oripr.galvorp.i clv 6-
noLai .f4 y"aqelvw {vuq drb ro$q n}.avire6, zcoil6}.or,pc(i zcepug6pov-
rar, yrSpco d,nbcbv {}.r,o.'Ev6, xar&.trlu Srlpogr,}.!xai tntm11.r,a d,no8e-
xcl dnb rlv r6re flanuxi 'Exx).r1o[a<lEorxewpr,xiOeorplar,{tr1o6xai
n).aviceq rcepryfipovrcrr yup. dzcbrl li.
'A).).& orb Xer,p6lpagoroU Kon6pvr,xou$rc&.pyetdn6onaopd, zcor)
cb 8r,6ypa{,,e rplv d,nbrlv dxSoozicoU pr,p}.[ou rou, xai sb 6zco?odvug|-
perel oriv 'H).r,oxevcpr,xi 0ecopiacoU "E).).1vo6d,ocpov6pr,ou 'Apr,ord,p-
Xou coU Xapr.lou (310-230 rr.X.), riv 6nof.u 6 Kondpvr,xoq Ep.gd,vroe <i:6
8r,x{ rou, 6nor6dn68er,{e rb 1930 6 E0y. 'Avrcovr,d8ls.
'O o6gpovo6 roU 'Apr.ord.pXou, 'ApxrptSrlg,ocb dpyo rou rrYop-
p , h r yg tt
yp d ,g e r,:<<'A p L o r epXoq 6 Edpr o6 6r or i,0er a.L
r& piv d n ).a vta T 6v &or pcov xui r bv &) .r ,ov
p 6 v e L V d ,xtvo (T o v, rd,v 8i T&,v, ?r epLg6.peo,0ar , zcepi
s b v & ).r,o v xu rd '. x $x) .ou zcepLg&per d,v, 6q toci
3v p6og rQ 8 p 6 p g xel.psvo6) ) .
'O 'Apr,oror6).r1 q n&)*, &v xai yEolxevrgad6, ocb dpyo rov ce If epi
Odgavoil yg&.get, 6suo[, fI u 0 q"T6 p s r o r : < dn i p,iv ytir p ro U
p r . 6 o o u n U p e l vu r g66i r lv 8i liu, 8v cdr v
 EAAHNIKOE AOTOE

,
& .orpcov oS oav, x 0 x ), q l g e p o F r6 v I V ? re p i cb pe-
oov, v{txru re xai ip 6 p " ru o L e iv )).
t
Ar1Ia8{, i 'H}.Loxevcpuxi 0eopla eiye Suaruzco0i dn b roilq orP-
auiovq "E ).).r7ve6 d,orp o v 6 p o u 62 0 0 0 Xp6vtor rp iv d rb TOV
Kon6pvr,xo.
Mi cb Spyo rou r(H'E).Lqvtxi1 'Aorgouol'tia rfie B' yt).rcrr1q(,6oE
it,X. xard. rcdE 'OqgmodE "YpaouElr,'A0ivar, L967,, 6 peyd),o6&orpo-
v6proqWeq K<,rvos. Xao&nqq &rc68eu[e , 6n tiv 'H].r,oxevrpr,xi Oeo!_[a
S yl'cip(av oi dpX aiot " E Mr7 v e 6 ' O p g u x o i guL6oogou (1 6 0 0 rc . X .)
3000 X p6vtcr, npiv d , rb c b v K o r6 p v r, x od, n b ro ' )6 6 rc o io u 6
xal
rfv norp6trapavo[ Ilu0cy6pelot xui 6 AgLorapxoq. ' " Aq olg,euorOi imi
rc).6ov,6cr,i :r-dTxo6 p I c o q n p c L rr, o n o u 8 i x a i o X o ] . ia o r1 & rb
&,ocpovoprx\e zc),eup&,6 tdlv 'Opgr,xdv"Tpvorv dyr,veg,i arisbcb
dpyo roU K. Xuo&n4.
M.TI.

4
 EN@ETON T'

H OYPANIOE EOAIPA

1.1.IXflpo xai 2gpdrpo to6 o$povo0.Td oXflpc ro0 o0povo06pi-

(erot eiq rqv rppdotv ogatgrl\da il"rcodp,eyoE neqi ya|aa (3,3)*.Eivot
l,orn6v,KCI,r'&"p1rlv, o'qo1prK6v12.'Eu,vrbpi(eto,cbg{proqorpm6v,toOro
6ev 0d elyercoppiovBo0utepovd(toV, ig' 6oov 0o inpoKaro rcept6rs-
nrorcboeolq, dnoppeoDo'qq 6r flvog nol,u rotvflq, roOrlpeprvqg6pner-
pioq.
'Er ro0 (o'gotprl6dv>nporr5nrouotru 6(frq:
o') dnorl,eirro,r,ippeoalG,vo )uoyi(erorfl yfr rbqffnerpoqroi 6n[ne-
6oq,Bq' 6oov rcepiroDrl1v6l,too'eta,t 6 o0povog'
B') t] },e(rq (oqorpq66v>, o'uv8eoprvq Tcpogro <6},roo6prvoEnepi
nuptyet roi trlv npcbtqvvu(rv nepi roD 6n t yll 0eorpeirorKet-
yu,Tcrv>>,
p6vrl iv t@ rc6vtprptflq o0pa,v[ouorpoipoq roi 61r eiq trva ci],l,qv0e-
orv ivrdq o0rflq (rcopoyp.44)' roi
y') rd <ogorprl6ovr> 6r1l,ot,6rt 6 o0povo6o u [r r e p r q 6 p r r CI,
r,
dnl,dlq,rbqo'gaipo,Xopiq vd r)rcolperbpreOcr
vcrrdv 0ecrlp6pev, cbq61ov-
xa, Tcpaypotrrdq,oxflpcr,oqo1ptrc6v.Ae6op6,vou 6', rbgei6oFrV,6tr oi
6por <r6opoq>roi <o0pc,voq)) oulurtnrouorrlo,p''Opgxoi6, i dvoltf,prrl
?rrprKolrqorlpoivet 6n <6 r6o'poq oupneprg6ptrorrbq ogotpo nvou-
p6vq rcepitqv yfrv>.
Eig drctppoolvtoftorv Eplovror roi oi lopcKrTlpropoirflq @uoecog,
rbgnavpdrouxux).oteQo6q (9,23).
'Eq &l,l,ou,dncrlqroi onpepovdplopeOoeig rd BrBl,iapo6 Er ro0
lp6porog ro0 o0povoD,KoO'6potov rpoTrov6ev nopalueinetar,eiq rdv
nepi O0povo0ripvov,vu npoo8topro0frtoOro rbq xuaadygoua (3,7),6vQ
e00Dqdp6o'olq pvnpovetietot rsi to 8tdlurov xoi l,opnpov qdq to0 o0-
pcrvoD,rcoto,rnv tltltpov, XopoKrqpt(opevou roftou rbqnayadTou(3,7)

12. 'fI <parvopfvq{peprloia xfvqorg tflg o$pavfou oguipcg. 'H

trvrlpoveu0eToodvcrltfprrlTrtptKoTrqtoO flpvouro0 O0pavo0, ogaryr16dv
il.rcodpeyoqneqi yaiaa (3,3) 6l,orl,11po0toteiq tdv 6n6pevovorilov
qdp,Pou6[ur1ow66eday (3,4). OiStor,n rcsrd ].6(rv
6rd rflq gp6o'er,oq
Tclnprlqdn66oorqor){q aivCI,r: ((rsplorptgotlsvog,6q ogoipo nepi,rqv
yf,v, 66e6ov 6d 6td nvrloerrrv, 6potcrlvTrpoqtdq reprorpogdg, rdq
6ruo[oq6rre],ei q oBoripo. Iuvendlq, EXopevivroD0o piov oogfl ?rr-
prTpoqqvrflq qorvop6,vrlq KrvqoeCIq tflq o0povtouo<poipoq,ntptl rfiq
vflq.
'EE dl,l,ou, fl ilvvoro rot ndyQDrexux).oregiqQ,23) eig rdv iipvov
rflq @rloerrlgeTvat6tt n Orio-rg <<ruveircn
6r'6l,rrlv rdv pepdlv
r n q fu6et,6l,orl,qpo€, ru,rs ttlv rcotnrlKnvErrppoorvro0 6pvou)ru-
rl,orepdq>.'Al"l,' fl 6v loyqo 6ror0nolflq ouwo-rQKo,r' o0otov, tdv 6va
 EAAHNIKOE AOTOE

rdv vopov rflq gorvopdvrlqnvtloecoqrflg o0poviouogoipoq, rco0'6v

<novra,td orlpelo CI,0tfrg
8rcypdqouorrurltroq tpoytaqi. Toutqv 6d
trlv i8eCI,v
trpoKo0opi(et,orJtorgeiruetv,6 0pvrp6ogroi eiq rov dpboroq
Tcporlyouptvov ottXov roD ripvou rfrg @6oeolg,6nou )"Lyerat'deydcp
oryopd.LLy.yL1odv!6po \n,etiouoa(9,22) rai ro0 6noiou fl ruptol.e-
KflKTIdn66ootqeivot: orpoBrl,i(ouo'oeig Divrlv d,rlvaovro rCI,xupe6pcr
(roUrcoopou).

13. @uorxrlairia tflg garvopfvqgnsprorpogflgrfl6 ospaviou ogui-

pog. 'H rivqorg ciprrlqorJtrl,rilg neplTpagrror,-eirovi(op6vnTrpoqrTlv
?reprorpognv .o'Boupoq, npourco0dter ct(ovoTrrprorpogqqrflg oipsvtou
o-goipog.llpdylrCI,r-l 6e yiveror n npcbrrlv6(rq, nepi ci(ovoq rrq,
ei,qtov rJpvov_It]q_ @uoer,oq,.cino.uaUrrl XopoKrrlpt(etor"oo rbq oirln"irp,t-
oa Bp6neg0e (9,25),iitor, rbqg6poDoo, oxqnrpov ra,i 611roi ro <0nep-
rtpov)) tdlv orcrltrrpov,ivQ o'1tyXp6vrrlg, eiq tdv nporlyofpevov orilov
'
rol.atrm eij1gouoq (9,24). o06epta ciprrrqi€nyqorg 6t6eror 0no toO
6pvrp6o0,noTov elvCI,tireivo rd 6nolov 6vopd(er i,epovov>tfrq 06-
oecrlgra,i noiov eivor td <orfrntpov) rnq. 'c)q 6r toijrou napt^tre"cat,
6r npriltrlg dryecrlg, ro 8moicrlpovd nrotaOooprv, 6rr ?rpoKerroi" nrpi
TrorlrlKdv o1r'lpdtcrlvl.oyou, ncpd ro yeyov6q,6tr o06opo0dl,),oDe?q
rov 6v loyqo r5pvov- 6nroqd,),l,crlore oupBoiverrsi eig 6l,ouq ,org
r5pvouq - xpqorpoTroreirc,r, d,veunLrlpouEq,iflol,oyt1oe,o!,oto6r1Tcort
1"6(19.'Ev rorirorq 6prrlq,rl d,noorrbnnorq
oqpCI,vflrct'1 oiirrl 6dv yiveror
gveu dno^1pd>vroq l,oyou. Arotr yvcrlpi(er6 flpvrp8og, 8rr ro'<orcflntpov)
roDto 6dv d,vnrr1&p6ocrlq eig rrlv (Duorvdl,l.' dvogeperoreiq rou .iepo-
vov)), nepi rov 6noiov orJrq 7rrp1orp6geru,r. eiq rTlv fflv. -Orr 6d 6
<0povoq>o6rog eivCI,r n ftl rcoi rd <orcflnrpov))6 d(rrlv o0tfrg, rorol,rl-
yov pdl,roro eiq tov o0pdvrovn6l,ov, Ddvl,6yetot Bpp6orog, -al,l,'
dvs-
nr0ooetor rircdjoD furvrp8oD €rccrprFdq,Brei 6rcouroi Eler 06otv, eiq
tov tlpvov rfrg ffrq, cbq0o i8rrrpev(Kep. q').
'EB &},),ou,6t6erorrcCI,i eig rdv t5pvovrfrg ouo-eoqfl o'oqeot6pa, tdlv
rceplypapdvrfrg rspro'rpoqqg ta,r5rr'1q, eig rqv neprronrlv 6en,oxd0e-
24rt, noddy iyuog ei).tooouoa(9,6 - 7), i 6v-
^dtltopoa
voro,tr,oyrxr1 -dorqayd.Aorcn',
d,rco8oorq rqg 6noiaq eiva,r:<Deveivor eurol,ov va r<'o0r.1-
ouldoq ruveiq _0'6,t 6noio rrveioo,r (orpoBr),t(eo,ot)d0opugcog, il5<rre
oiire flpeig, o[ 6noior od nu,ro0pev6dv dvtr],opBovope0otov 06puBov
oorJ)).Elvc,r 6d fl eirov orirq &vdl,o7ogTcpoqtrlv rSnoroD l,oo0 pag,
xpnorponotoup6vqvo'lltlrpov Ercgpoo"tv: <<f1ffl rrveiror 0nd tor)q rco-
6o9pog>.
"O0tv, rbgrcporfnret 3r rdv dvcrlrripro
_ lcrlpirrlv,o0 p6vov 6r6doKsrc,r
9iq roDg pspunpevouq -oinveq roi dna,yyt)ri,ouor tor)q fipvoug- 11
qtrrpTlo"iorcivrlolgrfrq or)poviouogoip uq, &),")u' dr6pr1 6dv nop aieine-
rc,r, 6v ouoxsuopQ, t'l 6r6oo'rca,l,to roi rfrg firprorpogrrflg Krvrl6rr,lg
rflq ffrg, eig rrlv 6rcotov6getl,erorq nprbtq.

6
 EN@ETON T'

O HAIOX
B HAIOKENTPDMO>

27. 'O (<KoolroKpritcop>> fi]urog.'Er rdlv fSpvcrlv 'H],tou roi 'An6],-

l"rrlvoqouvdyerCI,t 6fl oi 'Opqmoi 66i6ooxovtdv {},torevtprop6v, dv
pq, 6q drcptBdlq rov 6pt(opev oqptpov, tor)l,dlrorov ratcr rdg pa-
orrcoqtou i66oq.At6tt:
u') 'Ynapyouor,Kor' &p1rlv,of lopuKrTlplotloiro0 f1l,tou,rbqxo-
oltoxgdroQoE Q,ll) roi deondtou"coitxdoprou (7,16),oitrveqdgorpoOpo0-
atv dno tqv yflv ro npovoptovrflq nyettrflq 06oecilq rqg 6v tQ rc6oprp.
B') 'O npore),euto,ioq oriyoq ro0 r5pvou,ro0 'AnoA,]uovoq 6rooo-
qi(et rceptoo'6rtpovtrlv flyetrrrlv 06otv toD f1l,tou,tcoO'6oov )utyey
6tt oSroq'tyetrnv ogpoyT8a6t' f,q <6runrb0n)) 6 r6opog' naardEtyetq
xdop,ouoEgrlyi\a run|orw (33,26).'O 6v loyql oriyoq 6woeT,fipogo-
vdq, 6tr 6 r6opoq <3y6vero> [nd roD {},iou rc,i, ouverd)q,{ 6t6ooKo-
psvrl i86,a,Koopoyovtrcfrq rpfoecrlq,
eivot 6116 r6opog npofrl,Oev6r toO
q),iou. "Olrctrq,f1 roopoyovrrcrloflcr1u&p1rl>ouvend,ytrorrui rrlv rrpo-
toplrrrlv 06orv roD fli,iou eiq rov r6opoV, rt'1v6noiov dl,l,(Dcrm,7ro-
p6louorv eig c,0r6v,o0 p6vov rd 6n[0ero(Kooporpdralp>rai <5eofi6-
rr'lgD,dl,l,d roi rd 6),ov ntpLl1olrevovtdlv 66o $pvcrrv,eig of5gdvoge-
popeOo.

tdv x6opov."O].rrlqi8roirepov irnmrlpovrrdv

28. 'O fil'rog <[i'xer>>
6v6tog6povropouold(et 6 criyoq xdopourdu Baagp,*vtoa 6q6p,ouil,-
?d@rt(7 r9).Ar6n, ro pflpo <6l,ral>el1e rqv orlpooiov rrlv 6rco[ovtoD
d,rco6i6opev roi onptpov, t6oov eig rd 'Opqrr6, 6oov rai eiq td 'Opr1-
prrd reipevu. "O0evetpe0crflvoyrao'p6vorvd 6e10dlpev,6rt o[ 'Opgr-
roi 6prl,o0ornepi 61"(eroq ro0 ql,tou, d,croup6vrlq ini ro0 <6p6pouro0
r6opou>. 'AII' <61.(19to0 6popou>> 6dv '6yetrcrppiov dnol,frrrlq 5v-
vorCI,v,6rp'5oov, Kc,O'd, e'i6opev,<6popoq>3l,6yeroft €rcl,ernrrKq.'H
Elufiq6po4 ini to0 <6p6pouro0 r6opou)) l,opBdveriwotol,oytrdv fir-
prel6pevov,6d,vroi p6vov 6 r6opog 6l,retor flno ro0 f1],iouroi 6dv 6
r6opoq -rcoi 611 6 fil,rog- 8tovuq rqv rpolrdrv to6tr1v.'A.l,l,d,roi f1
ouvrcKrmrl nl,orq rcoi Epprlveiaro0 orl1ou roDto drprBdlq]vtyeq 6n
6 r6opog 6rorp61fl rqv irl,ernttrcqv. 'Ogeil,opev 60ev vd 6e106pev,
6fl: \
o') 6 fil,rog voeiro,rdrtvqtoq roi 6 r6opoq rrvor5pevoq6ni rfrq
drl,ernttrfrq roi
B') 6 fil,roq 6l,rer tov r6opoV, rCI,tdrqv rcivqorvroDrTlv.
Euverudlq, oi 'Opgrroi nup6louot ra,i ttlv i[rlTTlorv rflg rrvrloerrlq,
8rSdoxouor66,rbqguorKqvq,irtq,vrflq rtvtlotrrlq ro0 r6opou, trlv 61,(rv
ro0 f1l,iou,tpeig rcoi nl,6ov lrl,retrlpi6og npiv 6pr1,r1oqnepi rauulg 6
Ne6rov rE) 1687p.X.
 EAAHNIKOE AOTOE

To d8raoarprlrov or'lpeiov ro0 orilou elvot <6 r6opoq)). 'Ev roOtorq

rd 6tr npotdootrol eig rdv mtlov 6 XopoKrqplotlog <Xpuool,upng))
fi),ro6 (6 6noiog dvog6perar eiq rdg 6no1dE tflg yflg, rbg 61,610qroi rbg
0o t8rrlprvv' dnooorprlvi(etor r)nd ro0 i6iou 0pvrp6o0)roi td 6tt, e00Dq
dp6ocrrg,eiq rov 6n6pevov criyov, drol,ouOet 6 npoo8roptopoq ,irQo-
W6goq (7,10) fil"roE,66r1yeieig rdv oup?tspoop6v,6tt rbq<r6opoq)) 66-
vcr,rorvcr 0eropnOfr,Kc,r' &p1r1v,Tl yfl. 'H dnorytq afltr1 Bvro'luetot on-
povttrdq ir ro0 6e6op6vou,6tt o06opo0 eig td <'Opgtro> dvogepe-
tot r[vrlotq to0 rll,tou nepi tqv yflv.
'Ev torirolq, td yeyovdg 6rr Edv ytveror oCI,gr16 pveto rflq rrvr'loecrlg
rdlv nl,ovr'1tdlvnepi rov fil"rov, 66r1yeieiq to teL,trov oupfiripoopu Ko0'
6 oi 'Op<prrcoidogol,6g pdv 0errlpo0ortdv fil,tov, rbgr6vrpov Ktvqoerrlq
roi 611rcai 6),(ealgtoO r6opou, 6dv Tcpo1opo0otv6lrrrlgeiq trlv 6l,orl,rl-
pCIorv toD fll,torevtptxoO ouorrltrotog, 6t6doxovreq oo<pdg rnv rci-
vqorv rdlv nl.ovrltdlv ntpt\ o0to0' 6g0aocrvtp6nov rtvd pbXpt tflq dv-
rrl,rlryecoqrflg Tflq, cbqnl,ovqtou, 0no tqv oqpsplvqv Ewotov rflq 1.6-
€ealg.
flopd tcrDro, 6dv yvrrlpi(opev Bsv i iiwoto cc6o'pog> Bvetle roi
"c6re, rbq ouveBrl eiE roug pet6nettcr lp6vouq 6v 'El,l,d8t, rcoi rnv
TcrprtKrlKqv orlpootc,v, toD ouv6l,ou rdlv nL,uvqtdv, CE tlq npof,l,0ev
i fpqorponoroup6vq pt6pt onpepov 6rgpo6rq ((fllloKtvrprrcdv o6otr1-
po to0 r6opou>. Kcri to0to 6pc,lqgotveror nol,r) nt0crv6v, 6t6tt 6l,ot
o1e6ov oi petdnerrc, <dplotor> dorpovoprroi 6por e0p[orovrot, to
rupdtov, eig tofq 'Opptror5g. 'Ed,v, ouvercdg,eig rdv 6pov <r6opoq>,
6vv6ouv rcpaypatt toDg nl,ovqtog, 6v t(l ouv6l"rp tcrlv, tore f1 f1l,torcev-
rprKTl i6eo fio,poDota(eru t6o'ov rb),orl,qprrlp6vr1,rc,td td Bv or6,l,oq
rI€, iitor rotd rrlv rfvnotv tdv n],ovqtdv nepi tdv fi],rov, 6oov fio-
pouord(trol n)"Tlpqgroi ra,td, to 6eutepov or6l,oq or)rfrq, 6ql,o8t1, cbg
fipoq trlv xtvqorv rfrq yflq nepi tov d,(ovd tr1q, 6ro tqv 6noia,v, irtoq
tdrv qSn l,e106,vtcrlv,yivera,r 8te(o8trrbtepog ),6yog ai€ td rcepi yflq
( Kep.q').

HTH

THX I{AIOKENTPIKH> IAEA' '

B' OAOI(AHPO>II

'H rcepi ci(ovo Trtptorpoqn rqq y\q, nttq ouvtorfl td 6e6repov

orceX,og rflg fll,torevrptrflg iE6og,ouvdyerot 6pp6otrlgp6v, d,l,td,oo-
gdtg, BK rdrv Xolpicovtdlv fjpvcrrv,rdlv dvaqepoprivolveiq rcrg 6nop6-
voq TlapaTpdgouq (45-47), nepi rflq rour6rrltoq to0 ,d[ovoq Trept-
orpo<pflqrqq yflg ?rpogrdv d[ovo toO o0povo0.AtorunoDta,t6pcogoti-
tr1 roi e00eo4eiq to 0n' dptOp. 2 &noonoopd,ttov, Eq' o6 d,vogfpetat
n rcapayp. 48.

8
 EN@ETON T'

45. 'H Tt eivor 16 rfvrpov rflg oipavfou ogufpcq. 'f)q el8opev

(nupayp. 13-15) 6 [pvrp6oqEropve rqv npcbrrlvvu(rv rflg Bnrrrvu-
ptoq rflq Tqq, rbg<0p6vou>ro0 o0povoD,eiq roDqf5pvoug rflq <puoeolq
roi rdrv ffotprrrv,Snou rrlv pdv rpforv Brdl,et <eijOpovov>>
(9,24),toDg
(nsprOpovtouq
6' d,or6pCI,q rcurl,6evrog>(6,4).-H5t1,d,neuOuv6pevoqTrpoq
rtlv pr"ltepo-yflv?utyet: fi xor{yeq xdop,otop6,oou1qdvov,o&yexey
addl yaiav t,yeq (26,5-6 )' 6qI. <ror61ergtdv p6oov Opovovro0
r6o'pou, 6r' 0 rsi 6[ouold(erqrflq yflg>.Ksrd rqv fipordorv tu,6tqv,
t yn (0povog)reTrur eiq ro p6oov (rrivrpov) roD r6opou. 'Ener6r16'
3rc tdrv dvogepop6,vrrlv rorror6pcrllalpirrlv (nopoyp. 47) nporfrcrer,
6tr citg<r6opoq> voeTturivroOOuro o0vol,ov rdv do'r6prrlvro0 o0-
puvoD,inrrupoOrcr td oupn6poopu(nupayp. ll), 6u f1 yfi )uoyilerut
rilg rot6louo'o rd r6,vrpov rflq o0povtou o<paipaq.

46. 'fI rour6tqg rdtv d[6volv tflq yflq xci ro0 otrpavo0. flepi
ro0 ci[ovoq neprorpogflqrqq o0paviou crrpuipug6 0pvrp6oqbruprve
ndl,rv rdv npdrov 0na,rvrypdveiq tov flpvov rflg rpuoecrlq
(nupayp. 13),
dnorol,dlv oOrr1v(oKqfiroDlov> (9,25)."H6rl 6roo'c,rpi(er
6tt ro <orfln-
rpov)) ro0ro dvqrer eiq tqv yflv, norofpevoqrrlv d,noorpognv: 6?fflxy-
ro6ye x)nwoio nd).ou(26,4).Kord, tdv orilov ro0tov, dgo0 td orfrn-
rpov tflq yflq eivar rd <to0 nooryvrboroDn6l,ou>4,6dv e1vCI,t 6uva,rdv
vd eivot dl,l,o d,norov clfovd rq6. fl],qv 6po4, rbqnpor0nter drctdv
otilrov (25,8-9) rdlv dvurpepop6,volv (nupoyp. 47),6 n6l,og
rorcrlr6pcrl
o6toq eivor 6 eiq rdlv n6l,olv rflg o0povtou o<paipuq,npoqo,vdlq6' 6
Boperoq."O0ev,3rctoO ouv6uuopo0peta r6v l,e105vrcov (nopuyp. 45),
nporfnrer rd Evraiov oupn6,puopd,6tt n yn e0piorcerareiq rd r6v-
tpov rflq o0povtou orpuipuqroi 6 d(rrlv rrlq nepuroDrureiq tdv o0-
pdvtov n6l,ov. Iuvendlq, 6 d[ov rfrq yfrq e1vorxsi 6 ff(olv ro0 o0-
pavo0.

47. "H nepi tdv ii[ovu t{g T{g nrprorpoqt co0 o$pavo6. 'C)q
ei6opev,(nopayp. 12 rsi 15) (6 o0povoq61,[ooerornepi yoTov>(3,3)
rcai oi dor6pegeTvar<rurl,6evrsq nepi tov 0p6vov))(6,4). 'H6rl 6 0-
pvqr8oql,6yer eig rdv r5pvov rflq yflg : neqi rfiv xdop,oEnil.u\at\d"oE
d.orgav eiAefuat g6oet d.ead.Exai gedp,aot\ewoTE (25,8-9), iirot,
nepi trlv 6noiov yflv, 6 nl,ouotcrlq7rr?rorK1l,p6vog
rc6o'pogrdrv dorpov
Trsplorp6rpetur. Iuvendlq:
a') 6 <r6opog)),o6trvoq i Vn rcor61errdv <0p6vov>r, iv r(l (p6-
oqD))a0to0 eTvor6 r6opoq rdrv fforprrlv,Kdi
B) drpoOn Treptorpoqrlrdlv dor6pcrlvroi toO o0puvo0 ivepyei-
rdr lrrpi trlv yflv, rore 6 ci(crlvTrrprorpoqfrqnptnet vd, eTvor6 d[rrlv
rflq yflg 6 rotul,rlyov eig rdv n6l,ov. 'AlI' 6v roroftrl rceptnrcboer
6 d,vagepoprvo€,rilq <ncofyvoo'roqn6l,oq>,etvcr 6 o0p&vtoqrui 6-
Xr 6 yrlrvoq, 6ottq 6dv flro 6uvu,r6v,rbqroi orlprpov, vd e1val yvCI-
orog roTq nd,orv.
 EAAHNIKOE AOTOE

'EB ol,l,oDrd gt5oet&.ead.rp xai qedp,aot6ewoiE, 66vOtorv' d,ro-

6o0fl, Kot' 6worov, rilq 6(flq : 6 r6opoq tdlv fiorpov fitptorp6gercrt
devdcoq,drol,ouOdtvtdq Ooupocrtdqtpoltoq rflq fieptotpoqtrflg Kt-
vqoecrlq(<peupoor.6ervotg>).

48. 'H Tfl fisprotpfqetcr eig 2gp6vovioov fipd€ tdv 2gp6vovflt-

pr,otpog{g to0 oripcvo6' { dotprxil rlp6pa. 'Eg' 6oov, rbq 6},e10q
(napoyp. 34),6rd,toD 6pou <n6l,oqr> ivv6ouv oi 'Opgtrcoi,ouylp6vrrrg,
t6oov td crrpotptxdvo'Xflpd, 6oov ru,i tqv TrtplorpoqTlvrflq Yfr6,
6dv 0d d,nqteito iocoqpeyol.ut6po8reurptvrlotq'6 6' Hppeooqtp6noq,
tdv 6nolov flrol,ouOrloopevdvrrltrlpal(ncrpoyp . 45-47), riiote ir rflq
bndp(ecrlqd(ovog eig trlv yflv vd, ouvdyerot n neptorpoqTlrqg nepi
to0rov, 6dv flro incapairnroq.
fl6pov 6prtlqroi rdv 66o tofrcrrv 6e6op6vov0ndplet ooqTlq n
8tcrrfnolorgtflq rtptorpogflq tflg yflq eiq to 6n' dprO.2 &noonaop6-
rtov, td 6roorrl0dv0no toO E0oeptou (Eilayyil.md.rraQ. 13,12).To0-
ro npotpyerlt dno tdv 'Iou6a,TovfitpvcoulrtKov <ptl,oootpov 'Apr-
-
oroBoul,ov, 6ottg &vag6petot roi Bv tfr n. Ato0qr11 (A' MoxaB.,
a' 10)' flto 6' o6toq ofpBoul,ograi 6r6&orol,oq6vog tdv fltol,epoi-
rov (11-9), rord, nd,oovnr0cv6trlta toD E', to0 "Enrgovo6g,Booil,eu-
odvroq rotd, rd. 6tq 20+-181 n.X.a5.Oi ottlor 24-26 toD iv ),oyrp
dnoonoopotiou Ulouorv rbg 66flq: T6gG yde Erl, d.orgotongeehe
xai ogatgrle xtvrlp,' dpvi y06aa rbs negrc6)").etxux).oreQiE,Bv igg
re xard. ogdreqoyxya6axa. "Hrot, rotd 1,6(tv: <At6tt iyvirlpt(ev (fl-
ro ei6qpov) rllv fiopetov toO &otpou rai trlv rcivnotv tflg (oOpuvtou)
ogoipaq rcepitrlv yflv, roOdq ofltq (i yn), otpoyyfl,q o6oo, neptotp6-
qerdr roi 611roi Bv 1o'rplpovql nepi tdv i8rrov tqq ff[ovo>.
"O0ev6r ndvrrrlvrdrv dvrrlr6prrlouvdyovrq,toogdg rd, 6€qgoulrre-
pdopato
' 6rd,trlv yflv rcoi trlv o0pd,vrovorpoTpov :
u') q Tn e0pio-retcrdv tQ r6vtpqDrflg o0povtou oga[pog (rcopd"yp.
4s),
B) etvCI,rogdtptKnou(rcopoTp.34 roi 48),
y') Eyet d(ovo nepi tdv 6noTovntptotp6qetor (napayp. 48)'
6') 6 yrlrvoq d[crlv Bnerretvrrdr tttXpt to$ or)pav[oun6l,ou (na-
pdTp. 46),
e') repi rdv ff[ovo toOtov ivepyeitor f1 neprorpoqTltflq oOpuvi-
ou oqotpog (napoyp. 47),
g') n neprorpoqTlyflq rui o$povofi eivar ioolpovoq' d,otptrcr'1
qp6po (nopoyp.48) rcri
e') f1 neprorpoqtl BvepyettorB6oet guotKdrvvopalv (napoyp. 47).
'All,d, td0to, ouvrordrotvd,reputrop6vov td 8eftepov orc6l,oqrfrq
flltorevtptrffg i66og, iitor rqv nepi rotvdv d(ovu, ioolpovov ?r_tpt-
orpoqTlv yflq Kdi oOpovo0,rqv 6noiov t8t8oancovoi 'Opgtroi 3000
neptnou Etrl npiv tl 6 Kon6pvtKoEi6ronorr10flrdq 'Op<prrflgTtpoe-
l,efoerrlg6o[ooiog tdlv flu0oyopeicrlvroi ro0 'Aprotdp1ou.

10
 ENOETON T'

E1vor 6d lcrpoKrrlpronrc6v, 6tr 6 'Apror6Bou),oq, eiq tu 16l,11roD

f' n.X. oidlvoq, 6ev nopouoia,o'etuq ),opfipoq tufroq 6r6oorcal,iuqrdtv
'Opgrrdrv i8trdq rou, d),},d rd,q d,veqrpr cbqdvuyop6vCI6eig tov Mou-
ooTov, o0rrlroov poOqtqv toO 'Oprp5alq, ro0tov 6d roi dnorsl,ei
<ei6qpovo)), Tdgw rfiq'Aorpovopiug.

H HAIKIA TON OPOIKON YMNQN

66. 'H ttqofa x[vqorg toO {}'iou elvar dr6ppolo rfl€ perapatr-
rfi6 xrvrloecrlqfig Tflg. 'E1,610r1 (nupayp. 24 roi 3l), 6rt Brqoiu rt-
vqolq ro0 r]),iou eirovi(erat, rilg ytvop6vq Bq' ctppdroq(p,d.orryt l,rye-
gfi rerqd,oQot'&Qpo6rc5xay'17,l9]). Eiq rov o'ti1ov o0rov rd Sni0etov
t<retpd,opov)) dvog6petoreiq tcrqr6ooopdq 6no1uq.'Al,l,d,roi npoKel-
p6vounepi rq€ yqq yivero,rpvetu to0 &ppatoqro6rou, 6t6tr l,6yeror
6t' o,0tqv: raaQogdguuCetjtaoa rayS\gop,oa&Qpo),edyroty(26,3),
iitor, <i (eDqdodrd tul66popov ffppu, rd 6noiov otpouo-rvoi l,6ov-
teg, oiuveg BrpovtDodv rdv ra0pov))."O0ev,ir to0 ottlou roritou npo-
rfntet oo<pdrg, 6tr i yfl <(euyvfer))rd to6 6rouq cippu. 'H i66a a6trl
inovsl,opBdvetar rco,ieiq rdv ripvov rflq P6oq-yflq,6nou l,6yeror:
(Trpdq16prv oou 6 l,6,crlv, 6onq dg6veuorrov ruOpov,66qyei rcoinpo-
lropei rd &ppo (ro0 6touq),to gripovror)q(t6o"oupag) iepoDqtpoloDq
(tdrv Bnoldrv)>'(fr ltq raagogdaoEieghqoyov &gp,arrcatyet ll3,2l).
Iuvendq ,6l,orl,qpo0rur roi iv toTq l,enropepeturgrqq fl f1l,ro-
revtprrq 6r6saru),iu rdlv 'Opgrrcdlv.Ar6tr 6rcrflq ouoletioroq rdv
6uo re),eutotov lrrlpirrlv (26,3 rui 13,2),&vorpepop6vcrlv eiq rqv yfrv,
fipoq rd 7,19, 6nep l,6,yeror6rcrtdv fil,rov, ouvdyeror6tr of 'Opgrroi
ouv66eovtr'1vBrrloiov rivqo'tv roD <f1l,rc,roD> ffpporoqTrpoqrr1v 6tr1-
otov rtvqotv roD <yrlivou>ffppotoq. 'A],},d to0ro o06dv dl,l,o 66vo-
tur vd o'r1paivq,eipq p6vov 6rt fl rtvqorq to0 fll,iou Bni tflg Brl,a?rrr-
rfrg flto ouv6retu rfrq rrvrlosoq tflq yflq. 'Ed,v 6d o'uo'leti,orrlpev, rt-
Ioq, td, d,vcrlr6pc,l
lcoptu npoq rd <6 fil,roq El,rcerrov r<6o'povD(7,9),
Bg' o6 By6veroX,oyog(nupuyp. 28), 61opevpiov nlrlpq rono06rqorv
to0 6l,ou (rlrrlputoq iitor : 'O fi),roq 6l"rer tdv r6opov (yflv)' oDvr-
neig rflq 61,(errlq rafrqq n Tq rtveTror nepi rov fil,rov' dnor6,l,eo'pd
rflq rrvqoroq rflq yflq eivar f1 3ni tflq irl.erntrrflq rcivqorqtoO f1l,iou.
"Ofl 6d to &ppa, ro 6noiov (euyvuerf1 yfr, td oup6pevov r)no
to0 1,6ovroq60 etvot s0ro toDto rd fll,rorov cippu nporfrcret oagdlq
Brctdlv raralr6pal.

67. Ai ioqpep[ar xai oi tponai ini tflg ix],,erntrxflg. To &ppa,,

rd (euyvuprvov 6no rflq yfrq, Xdpcr,Krrlpi(etorrbq&Qpo)"e6wan,raa-
gogduaw(26,3)' Bnsvol.opB&veror66 : liE (l,6rrlv)rauqogdvoErnalyet
(ouper 6pop6a4)rd dQpo(13,2).

1l
 EAAHNIKOE AOTOE

Adv 6uvsro,rvd ou1plxefl picr ffl,l,q Eppnvelo6rroq ire[vqq, rd0'

qv 6 l,6rrlvroi 6 Tcap'o0ro0 goveu0eiqro0poq eivor of 6uo 6r tdlv
8rb8ero d,orepropd)vrotr (rp6roro0 ,6rd, p6oou tdlv 6notolv lropet 6
fil,roqiv tfl 6rl,ernt1Kfr.Td6116d oi'Op<prroi yvrrlpt(oDor rcai6vopo-
(ouot A6ovrcr rai, ToUpov, roD6 66o drc rdrv (co6tor6v d,otepro'pd)v
roi 6n dlprlorponoiouv td v0v io16ov 6vopotol,oytov tdv (rp8trrlv
(6cltrlv,
toO f1l,ta,ro06popou)66ei10r16rd tflq nopcrO6oerrrq tdlv rorul.-
l,ql,ov lrop[rov($ 17).Euvend)G,69'6oov ro &pporo (euyvfpevov0nd
rflg yflq, 6tov0et rrlv 66ov 6td, p6,oourdlv d,otepropdv ro0 Tor5pou
xoi ro0 A6ovtoq, 8errvfetor 3[ o0roD 6tr toDro eivor roi rd q],rorov
ffppo. 'Ed,v 6A ouyrpivoprv ro retgdogou&Qpo(7,19 rcoi 16,5),rd
6noiov 66r1yei6 fil,roq Trpoqtd iegdrgopu &Qporo 6noiov lig rmat-
uet(13,2),lrCIporqpo0pev 6n, 3vQrd npdltov ouperc,r6nd rdlv ino1dv,
td 8efrepovoDptrdr rind ro0 A6ovrog.'A-l,I' 6 A6rrlv,6ncoqroi 6 To0-
pog tdg dnoldg nd),rv roi p6vov Bnrorlpotvouot.
Ar6tt fl eirrilv, Kde' nv <6 l,6crlvofpet 8popoicrrq ro fippor, d,no-
6i6er piav ,rpoTpc,ur6rqru,,eiq rrlv neptnrcrlorvrord, rnv 6no[ov 6
dotepropdg o6roq nep#yet rd 0eprvdv fll,roor&o1ov,6nou 6 fil,roq,
o0 p6vov nc6er dvepl6prvog fipoq Bopp&v,dl,),d,<poivetutrbgnorirov
rrvofpevoq, E[ o6 ra,i npo6ruryev6 6poq <f1],roord,o'rov>. 'A-Il' 6rov
6 Afrrlv neprflq trlv Oeprvqvtponrlv, r6re 6 pvr'lpoveu6pevoq To0poq,
e{vor 6 0epe},rrb6qq d,<rrepropoErflq Buprvflgioqpeptcrq.flpdypan 66,
to 6rt0trov (roupog6vog>X,6orv, rflq norrlttrfrg eirc6voqto0 f1l,roroO
fippotoq, l,opBdvet orirro.ruprol,eKttKqv o'rlpootov. Ar6n 6 fil,roq,
p61pr tflg doprvflq iorlpepicg,66euer o'uveldlq d,veploprvoq,dl.l"'
ebptoretor nd,vrore Bv r(r vortrp flpro<polpiqD ro[ o0povo0, eiq tdv
Ta0pov 6d 8toBotverrdv io'4peprv6v,eioeplopevog eig td Boperov
flprogotptov ro0 o0povo0.Aro to0ro roi eiq tqv XpTloltlorcoroup6vqv
eir6vo, 6 To0po6 d,norel,etrdv <rp6l,arco> toD Boprvo0iorlpeprvo0
orlpetou' rflg 6roBdoeo4ro0 rll,iou Br to0 voriou flproqa,rptoutoD
lerpdlvog(rsi ro0 0avdtou) Trpoqro Boperovrlprogolprov ro0 6opoq
(roi rflg &voyewrloeoqrfl6 (otflq).
ETvor 6d yvcrror6v,6tr Tcd.p' 'Opgrroiq Kdi Ev ouveleig iv roiq
'Eleuotvtotg lrDorrlptor6,d,nvo t6pu0qouv 0md to0 'Opqrrco0dorpo-
vopou' Mouoatou rui E0p6l"nou,6vo66r rdlv Oepelrarrdlvto0 'Opgt-
opoD, f1 guo'mq Erc,6rrq,oiorflq petoBdoerog dno toO lerpdlvogeiq ro
'6ap,ircut[o0r1 Trpoqrrlv perd,BoorvBr toD Oo,vdroufipoq rnv (alr]v
Kdi ft 61,11 puorqptorrl l,erroupyia ilntBl,eneeiq rrlv 6t6oora),iov rflq
ouo26edotoqtc,0rq6rdv inoxd)v rrpo6rtqv(rrlqv.'Evtr00evrai f10uo[o
ro0 <Baprvo0raripou>>, nepi flg ytveru )u6yoq8v toiq At0moi6(150-
155), dl,),d rai yevtrcirrcpovof rdDprKdi Ouotor,of dzra,vtdroor Kde'
6l,qv trlv drtdorv rflq Mrvcorrflqroi Murrlvoirflg 'El,l,d6oq.'EvreD-
Oevrui 6 (et8rrlpoqfil,roq (qove0er))tov gul,dKd To0pov roi 6 A6rrlv,
6 ouprrlvtd fll,rorov 6ppu, ro,l,etror (roupog6vog>.'Evre00evroi 6
ra0po6 roi f1 0uoto rou oupBo),i(ouortqv (oltlvut.

l2
 EN@ETON T'

Euvendrq, o[ orilot (26,3 rai 13,2)dvorpdpovrdreiq rd 6uo roi

Kupro,tdv (rp8irrlvrflq irl,ernrlKflq, rdv Ta0pov rflq Buptvflqio'qpe-
pioq rcoi rov A6ovro toO OeprvoDrll,tooro,o'tou.

* 'EK rdv 6uo dprOpdlv, 6 npdltog6r11,oi rdv "Ypvovrcoi6 6e6tepoq

rov mt1ov.
12. Eig rrlv Meoonorupia,v,6nr,tlg)"tyet 6 Couderc, ptyprg drcopr1
roi, tdrv BoBul,rrlvtordvlp6vrrlv (dpldlv tflg B' lrl,tetrlpi6og lc.X.), 6
o0pov6q,&ro0opiorou natrovq,Oecrlpeitor ro[],oq, neprd,xovro <Er tdlv
d,vrrufl8oto. Auo 0upor,tl ptq fipoq dvstol.&q,rl 6' cil,l,q Trpoq6uop&q,
Enwptnouveig tov fil,tov ru,0' 6rc6orr1vnpcrliovvd E(epgtxal Br rflq
dvatol,rrflg roi vo ei,odp1eru,r, td Sonfpoq,6to tflq 8unrfrg eiq rqv
ru,torriov roD. (16,17).Eiq rqv o0toKporoprrqv,6( cil,l,ou,Kiva,v nr-
pi ro 1700rc.X.nto'teferat6rt f1rotrordpo6yrq ro0 o0povo0eivor tni-
ne6og,rurcl,trr'1,orrlpi(eror 6' drtvrltoq 6r' 6rrrb otul,rrrv6ni tdlv ne-
pd,rrrlvrffq yiS. Mero(D tfrg r0rrrl dryeorqtoD o0povoDroi tflq Tflq,
0ndplouor rd dorpo. o[ orDl"ot,d,pxrrdq,flou,vl6ror rsi 6 o0puvoq
napululunloqtflq yflq. Ksr6nrv 6proqrCI,tCI,rl,uo'po0 rlvoq, 0n6orr1ro-
0i(r1orv6 odl,oq ro0 9opp0, 3[ o6 rai oi dor6peqrrvoDvrcrr6( d,vcr-
rol.6v Trpog8uopdg (16,21).
44. Trlv d,rtvrlo[ov ro0 no],rro0 do'r6poqt(nrpiBooe npdlroq6
Br tdlv lrvdlv dotpov6prrlvfro0-Efl, tdv KZ' oi. n.X. (3, 89).
45. Ot 'Iou8crTottdrv 'A-l,e€ov6prvdlv lp6vorv 60eouv eiq rurl,o-
qopiov fior,qpdro,6g to ro0 'AprotoBor5l,ou, eig td, 6noicrdvepeiyvu-
ov ot[1ouq ir tdlv 'Oprptrdv retp6vrrlvperu i8trdlv rcDv,dnopl,6novreq
eiq to vo 6ei(0)otv,6rt of dploTor 'Opqmoi tnioteuov eiE ilvo 0e6v,
6ortq 6dvflto ci,l,l,oqeipll 6 OeoqfrolBe rflg fI. Aro0nKqq.A0vurar vd,
0errrpq0fl nl,6ov rbqp6porov,6rt ot'Opgrrcoi,tQ 6vn B661ovro6vorcui
p6vov Oedvroi i6i6c,oKov,dtr oi rcol,ucbvDpor Oeoircri 0eurvoitoOl,so0
froov ai ir8ql.riroerg,
i6iq tv rfr g6oer, ro0 6voqrcoi p6vou @eoO.flepi
roritou 6pt)"ei ourpdlgKdi 6 flporl,oq, nopo06rrovpdl,rora porpdv
dn6ona,opdtflg 'opqrKqq 8t8uorcoluiag, trc 42 orilrrlv, Bv tQ 6pyrprou
EiE Ttpatoulf).draaoE (2, 95, 34, 49).Bl.6neKdi 40, 456- 458.
46. flepi to 1700n.X. eiq rrlv Ktva,v,rbqnporfnrer 61 6roo'rrl0er-
o'dlv d,nerrovfoecrlv, napto'rcrto 6 r6opoq 6r' ffppotog, ro0 6noiou
ro Kuprovodpu &nertl,erf1 Tfr, rlrrq eiye oxflpd mrpoTovm6v, trlv 6e
crren4v a0ro0 6 orpoyyul,oqo0puvo6.'H yfl nepteruKl,o0ro0nd rco-
odprrlv ouyKolvrrlvouo'dlv Ool"so'od)v(16, 2l). Ilopd, roiq Meoonoru-
ptot6 rflq tsno1frqtflq NrnnoDp (Eoup6ptor),rbq l,6,yer6 Dreyer (19
eiooyoyrl), n yn E)royi(ero,cbq6poq 8rdrpqrov, irp' o6 torrlpi(eto 6
o0povoq.Bpa8urcpov,eiq rqv BuBul,dlvu,n yfl BOe olpetro rbq inr-
nl,6ouoordlv 06drolvrbreuvo0(16, 17 roi L7, 3). flop' Aiyurcdolq fl
pdv yfl eTvctne8roqEl,urppdlq roil,q, TrrplKDrcl,oup6vr'1v 0no rdlv 06d,-

13
 EAAHNIKOE AOTOE

rov ?rordlro0,o6uvog 6 Netl,oq d,norel,ei6rorcl,66crrotv, ro 6d o'6pnov

Eyet o1flpd 6pOoycrlviounopo),),ql,entrc66ou rrBrortou (16, 20149).
'Eni ro0 noropoOro0rou 6 fi),roqirtveito Eni ),6pBouroto trlv v0rto
rsi BKtflq 8uoerrlq ,6td,to0 Boppd,Srp0dvtveiq rqv dvotol,rlv (24,78).
'All,d, roi eiq rnv 'El,l,d6o, rdtd, rqv l,otKqv dvdl,rlrytv, fl Ttl flto
6nine6oqneprBal,l,op6vq0nd ro0 rilrecvo0, rbgnporfnret 6x tdv 'O-
pqprrcdrvindlv (20). Kord rqv 'Hor66erov @eoyoviat, f1 Bn[ne6oqYfl
8rolrrlpi(er eiq 6uo rd ogotptrdv oupno,v(40,96). fevtrdlq, 66votor
vd,1,e10fr,611 5),or of dploiot l,ooi Oeropo0ot trlv yflv Bnine8ov,orq-
pt(op6vqvEni otul,ou i1 6ni to0 ri6otoq, r5g'o6 Kdi neptB6),l,eto(16,
16-17).
Kor' E[otpeo-tvd,nc,vrd,rct pio i66o rcepipetedrpoD Tflq nopd toiq
'Ioporll,trotq. Eiq to ptBl,tov to0 '.Ioif (t<tq. 26,7))rtyerut: <<'Erte(vrrlv
Bopeov dn' o066v, rpepd(tov yfrv Bni o06ev6q>.Adv eivot yvcootdv
oUrenoToqeivar 6 ouyypoqer)qtofi prB],ioutoftoD, oUte noioq 6 Xpo-
voq tflq ouyypdgflgo0ro0. Kottot 6d eird(etdt, dtr iypdqn rord, roDq
IpovoDq tfl€ BoBul,orvrorflgailpol"rrro[oq (586-538 n.X.), 8v to6-
rorq rno're0etdt,6rt rd BrBl,tovto0 'IdtP d,nr11et ncl,ototfpoq Tcapa-
66oerq(48,6).
60. 'Ed,v eiq rov orilov (26,3)Xpnolponoteirq,r6 r),qOuvnrdg
<L,6ovreq> to0ro, &q' 6voq ytverot ldptv 6prpd,o'eroq Kdi &rp' 6t6pou
d,norel,e[norrlnrcqv 6r<ppootv,cbqd,rprBdg rcoi orlpepov oupBoiver
eiq tqv X,oyorelvtavrui pdl,totd trlv notTlotv.
6I. T6oov nol,D 6eo'n6(et6 tospoq eig 6l,o9 tdq 6rc6ql,roottg,
rc,rd, tor)q 'Opgrror)q 1p6vouq, d5or6,eig dnooroopdnov 6rooro0dv
0no ro0 Ilp6r),ou (40,458), 6v0o rrlpfoo'trdt 6 povo0elopoqKdi 6
Zebq,6 6otr1prflg (orflq (nopan. 29) 6ql,o0ror rbqelq ra,i povoq Oeoq.
A6yetot, 6tt dvqrouotv eiq oOtdv r a ti Q e a d' d"p,po#qa1e 66o
Tgg6oem x6,qaraduaro)'tr1rt 66oq rt... dp,p,ara6i fiil'dE re xai dvrt-
daoa oe).i1vr1' ao6E di oi &peu6fiE,Baohi1rcs,dg7rcosai?i1q(dnoo'n.
6ov, 24,-27). 'Evre00ev Eppqveurrc,troi n puOol,oyoupfvqlrstd-
popqootg roi ro0 i6iou to0 Atog eiq ro0pov.
Arrurol,oyo0vrdr, o[5rcrl,eio'6tr roi of r6oot dncrlvuplot,oi o1e-
tt(opevot npdg rdv ts0pov:<taup6rspog))f1 oel,qvTl'(lr6o'Xog)) 6 npdt-
roq prlv ro0 6touq' <BoDq)) 6 pnv iv y6vet rl,n.

T4
 EHMEIOI\[ATA

IHMEIQMATA
KAI IX OA IA
'Ynd E. n. ZEPBOY
Kc0r1yr1to6flavenrotrlp[ou

(K6 6rd.c , X a a& .n I6rr

' Op,r1ptxfii naqd.\oor1t dv o@orCovXaQazrrrlqt

op,dt'v'r d.
t\ \ / \ t ) Dl \ \
paVqpaTL?(aTrlE lpuX,oyQaVLaE' -
Ttou T ayapaVrLot 6ra veQa -

4q rdittLvogQooliuqe 4 V@vi ro6 Kugiou) p,eraogvtp,arl-

9 \r-e r\!f
eoytaE To't) %oopot tav r1ptitata 6Tov 24oopo r@',) P'aQTuQ@v'
e \ en'l']
yLu ya €enrl)rlorl arto Trl ouyAeor1ToUgo AQLoTLa'PLTroE
I \ \ \ 1,7
t- Q/
,attrl'
./ A .l

arcp,dE,rr,odd drilgrc plQoq ro6 pdopr'adq rou 6go0lrrloal)

6 "AyrcE Koop,d4 6 AfuaAdE xai 6 Karoaambarle' yarjoru
't ' pLaE n |
'-' pouvLoLaE ) / et ' \uoxil,ta xai
Teldva t o7aou71
a7(,eQavTo6aa\e
rt nomil,la daanLrlpcbuouuriy txtaorl xai 6noBd)J.out,riy
EIagor1.
T:1t | e n / i ,s I e \ ) f
Lip '1
Aeitlseto pouatoLoga)el.pog Toug- oQprl rou- aueqou,
plard. dtuo6, oxitprl xguord")J"wr1odt, riq nrlyflEd.aeqd. xai
tod t6nou, AepeurLaii),arcu, )"rc6-
\\\l-faDl
xogtegfi odu rlq xrsrQeE
rrlra xai nsQnarrlod.roondarl, nloul xai &ydnr1xui ),6yoE
Koopcd,)((oxra1itKaroatrritvrl - nod 0' dyaxrjquooat, oi nat,il.-
'
Aqvtg ' 'A1r6orc7orflq'Aorqoaop,iaE,tie BnmrrjprlEnod
6a'v
\vdtvetOdgaadxai frl. Md rtg1uafudE p'i ila Kc\ora Xa-
odnr1, dnd dq i6rcg orgdreE, &nd d. 'i6ru pouad.,p,i ro6
r '7 \ ' \ / \td v1 e d n ve a o r o d d a xtm d
I\o6pa Tqu ao?4rlTL7(,rlvT@xLa %aL
AOyO.
'Avenaud.lrlnrog6 lr,aQarrlarruiE
tod oiquvoi KcSoraE
Xaodnr1e'il wflnoxdnrc ro6 yuqrci xai p'oaadmfinsQl'ou-
ota rc6 grayoi 6aoxd.7ou0' dnoondorl rd nayx6opLoqs-
xdQyd rc6s peruPArltoi:Ed.otiqeE'0d EXrt ffi'Arl pd Vo-

15
 EAAHNIKOE AOTOE

Ad amrloet t7 [tpil,iygrt ro6 toil"td, riu ndyonLrl Edq@nT,

ilnrttE tdte, ord. pouad.riE Bogelou 'Hnelgou' fxan,onoubarag
xai ilE tttu6}EtCoy %alr,trauatay tdu \rlp,ottxdy rQayouddty
Xaoanatoy.
Pr1€m/),eu1oqd EgeuarlriE- pa?rlp,atmdg - d.orgoudp,oE
KcboraEXaodnrls not 0' duaxaluryrtrfi yuanrl ro6 fi)"n-
%er)rQL%o6ouorrjp,arcEntoa dfi' rcdE'OqpmodqSpwoue .'And
riE ouyxToyrcrtxritreQee nayxdopLeEdt,axaAtJyteq.
Qorc6hr7e 6 6d.oxd"oEriq 'AorgoaopttagKcboraEXa-
odnrle' 86ioratqn(e uxai d oxdrog |ytaerc pd)ED...
Kai Bprq. ' O Xaodnrle rraQarrlQrlriq,pa7qpar txdE,
forogmdE,Egeuurlrile xai 6d.oxa),og6iy firaa nagd.rd. rr1ea-
qrjparun xai rrnog(,opraro)yd dy dt,6ga rd Baotxdrr&.(tapal
dra' il 6noio 61' ahd. Byaluayeody duayxaieEouudnercE firuu
6 Xaodnrle 'AnfiotoloE riE 'Aorgouop,laE,'An6ord,oE rflq
'EnrcriprlE."16rcEKooprd.E Afua16E,p,i rfiu i6m ntorr1ord
Xgwr6, riu i6m dydnrl yLd rdy du1gamo,riy i6m nuoil
ro6 @eo6p,6oarou xoi p,6ao\mgogertxd d ngd; rraQouota-
6rl dutmelp,il)o.'Andotil,og riE' Aorqoaop,to.E yeaurj?rl%s,
80vart6ord"orig 'Aorpouop,taE rdy xardratt i p,' Boarcgtxfi
X,aQd p,aQruQtxfi
xai rd,md. aisro?uomormfinogefuro,u,'A-
orgoudp,oro6 "E?youE tdy &aaxrjgutert xowfi ouuetdrlorl.
Z' adrdy noi dydnrloercdE oayat1prbnouerou od.ydray
il,ot d66Agmrou) ordy Krbom, Xo.odnrl nod il€ugu p,6uoyd.
6tar1- ro6'Anooril,ou \mxpmmd yuagrcpn- 6.gp6(etrdBnt-
rdp,Brc: r(Euag "Au1garros p,6oa 6ri (o6yxAal.

l6
 O E MA T A

H Z QH K A I TO E P TO
TOY KANXTAI\TII\OYXAXAIII
'Ynd MAPQE K. TIAIAOANAXIOY
'Aotpov6pou

rr"oorry o6v raneturboTl 6awdy rig d nadioy to6to, ofu6E

Eorw 6 p,el(aw Eu tfi Baoileig tdtu otqavdtvtt (Mt w1' 4)

Md ro0ro ro e0uyyel.trd i6d,rptoed pnopo0o;tvd, Xdpd,Krn pio't1

Kd,veigrrl (ron Kdi td 6pTo roD Meydl,ou At6oordl,ou, dotpov6pou
Kcovoiuvrivou.Xao'dnq. Tunetvq d,vOprbnrvrl brqpooq 6voq peydl,ou
nve6pdroq.
ievvdeqrceorig 4 (17) ZenrepBpioul9I4 orn B6poto,dl,l,u pe-
ydl,o6e orov'AotdK6, 6nou pd oteprlo'etqtflq <ptrrllotd,tr'1q oiroyevgioq
tou tel,eto)oercai td 8qponrco.Koi Bvdltd pe),l,ov 6ldypoq6tuv dB6'-
Boto yrd,dq nepurt6p0 ofiou66gtou d,norqv ?r-dvle},fl 6l,l,erryqojro-
uopr*drunopc,lv, tov yvalpi(er 6 ot6r1po6p. oraOpdp1\q_'Epp. IUBBo-
noul,oqroi od,vdno pq1dvfrq@eoqdvol,upp&vet td, 6(o6d rqq pop96-
oecirqrou.
'O veupoqXoo&nqq dno gorrqrrlg dropq to0 Ar8a,orcol,eiou 'Irrr-
cvv[vov 66er1ve6tr npoKard,r vd, E(e],l1efl od Bnrgdvfl fiveulrdrtrdv
&v6pu.Koi q zcol,rltdrv 'Icoovvtvtov'6yetrrlv ttpn tq elvor Bxeivrl,-noD
61r povo rov itprl,o(6vqot ord ArDdoKoItTotr1q,dl,l,d roi 6nou o0tdq
ilrcuvetqv nprbrqrou 8qpooto tpqdvtoq, tqv rcp cbt 11r o u <d o' r p o-
v o p tt(tl )) 6 rd , l ,e E tl , o d f,l,tr ctopol,r qI7 X"povdr v. Ar 6tr qEn
eTleKdrd,Krqoertr'1vVDIq tou f1Mo0ou tflg 'Aorpovopidq-Kdi oi npoo-
n6-0er6q roD Botpdrpovtonl,6ov otrlv ernl,qpCIorltoO 6vetpou roD :
v d ytvq d .o tp o vo P o q .
'Htd,v dpcrlq fie7rpo)p6vo
-dotpovopog' tou vd nepd,oqnol,l,dg8orrpooieq ptXpt
vd, yivrl povov Oe),qpo@eo0ioorg, ytd, v' dno8et10fl n
npdytrdi6o peydl,r1d[iu rou. Oiroyeverdpplq _dnotd 1938,dv roi
flnolpearpevogvd, Epyu(eratod,v 8dorol,oq o'' €vd ptKpo ltoptd to$
'Ayfliviou, 6d-6ioro(e vc, rpoprrovetutrcd0epp66u td prrcp6tou tr1l,e-

T7
 EAAHNIKOI AOTOE

ox6nro rcoiv'dveBotvnpldq ropog6popooro Bouvoyrd,vd,r0vr1 rofuu-

repsq fiaporTlprlo'erq. 'All,d, roi 6tov perer60r1otd 'Aypivro, orrlv
6m0erbpqoq,ouvflroe tig Tropdrqpqosrqrou orrlv fluncorpdrero
E1ol,q.'Eni nl.6,ov,no[pvovtog roi ro &no],utr1proroD yupvootou,
nor) t6te fltcv dv6tepo ro0 At8oorcl,etou,6rove rd 1943rrlv Byypdgn
tou o'rd Mo0rlpatxd Tpflpu ro0 ilovercrcrtrlpiou'A0r1vdv. @uotrd,
6dv noporol,ouOo0oe tig napa66oerg,Bg' 6oov Bproxorovord 'Aypt-
vro.
A 0 ro 8 i 6 o rro q l,otndv d,or pov6pog or 6l,verr i6 ?r dpor r l -
prloetgtou otdv 6r&o'r1po dcrrpov6poCampbell,6 6noioq pd Bmo'rol,r1
rou ?ipoqro 'Aorepoo-roneio'A0r1vdlv(r1rqo'evo pti0q not6g eivor 6
B[uipetoq o0toq fidpdrnpnrrlq. 'H Bntoro],r]a0rr1 (r5rvr1o'e ror)q dp-
po8tougroi rdv 'Iovoud,proro0 19466 veopdq8rioxoloq - 6pootr6xvnq
do'tpovolrogXoo"d,rcrlg prrdri0erar orrlv 'A0r1vo rai d,noond,rorordv
'Aotpovopxd Ero0po flevr6l,qq, ytd, v' dpliorl rcrd,rrl (oltl rou cbg
<<d ,opr o v 6 p o q X oo6r nqr .
Oi goBepdgouvOflreq8roBtrbo'eog - X,opiqqdg roi vepd- otd
&orrlnrd Epqpnrrtpro,nof Kdr' e0grlpro'po l,eyordv<<'AorpovoprKoq
rroOpoq flevr6l,qq>, 6dv Eropvdv rqv &6d,pdorn0e1,r1o'r1 rou rci rd
na,0ogtou yrd,rrlv d,o'tpovopta.Md rqv ouprccr.payrdoTl rfrg d,gavosq
qprrfrflg o'uvrp6gourou 'Icrprlvrlq,61r povov [nepvtrd, dg 6uoxo],ieq,
d l ,l ," (,p ye ro ra
r i 3 g opegndyKootr io€ Tr pd) r oq or ig r capd-
rn pqoag peroBl,qrdlvdordporv.
Ard,orltlo€ rrdpdrqpnrrlg, 6dv neptopi(errqv 8paorrlpr6rrlrd rou
p6vo orrlv ra0aprl trcrorrlprl rd,vovrog Tcapd.r'rlprloerq' fl npoogopd
roD Trpoqro rorvd 'eyetqEq dpltoer. fpd,ger rd, dorpovoptrcd&pOpu
orrlv iyrur),onat8era <{"Hl,rog>), 6iver cip0pc rou orig Egrlpept8eg,
rdvet 6ro),6(erq.
'H nprbtrl tou 6pcrl6tpgdvrorl rbqdorpov6pou- ouyypdgrog erye
ytvet nol,Dnpiv_dvdTvoploeTl fl &\iu roD, to 1935,pd rrlv Er8ooq roD
BtBl,tou rov rr'H Cri Eni ro6 nhaurfuou "Ageaql (140oel,i6eq).'H d(to-
l,oyrlor'1o0ro0 ro0 6pyoDrou pnopeivd,yivrl rcreu0eTuvd,ndrd, ypogo-
pevd rou ordv np6l,oyo : <<...'EKrdrv dvcrlr6prrl,yiverat rord8rll,ov
noiov revdv 'epyeratvd, rgl,uvTl ro nopdv 6pyov eig trlv 'El,LqvtKqv
BtBl,roypagtov. At6tt rui E)ruytord- iorrlg orire neproo6rcpd rdlv
5 - 6 - eivcr rd, 'Aorpovoprrd, 'El,l,r'1wrd o'uyyp&ppdrd,dl,l"' o06dv
6pro6r]nd,p1er olertrdq roi ei8rrdlqpd tdv n?ruvflrrlv'Apnv...)).
Td 19576[e6o0r1\ rr Z$yxQovoE'Ex)"a\xeuprdurl 'Aorpovol"rta n roD
840 o'el,i6eg),6pro - 6ncrlE6 l6roq l,6yer- (npoopr(opevov 6rd td
e0pud,vayvrrlourdvrcorv6v,6ra rdv 'El,l"qwrdv Ao6v, 6rd,rdv 'Onoiov
td Eyporyoroi eig rdv 'OnoTovrd dgrepd))).
Ae(tor6xvnq rflq n6vvag,pd rr'1v<Ao1rq 'Aorpovop[u> rou pdg
o8rlyeioriq dloveig neproldqro0 lr5pnovrogra,i (evaycbvrogpoq lrcoo,
o' cr0rdp&g6eilver rd, Ooupdo'rc, ga,rv6pevoro0 o0povoDroi d,norsl,u-
Tcreltd, puotrrd rou. 'Ar6po rcui rapu, 16 yp6vraperd,rrlv 6rc6oorlrou,

l8
 @EMATA

&1o' t p ov optr d e0a yy6l,r o. Koi to0-

r o B rB ),to u i tdd ,n o re l ,e
ro $totr, ru0rbqto Eypovepe orond vcr,purlorl dl,r'10rvd, toDqNeoel,),q-
vrq otqv d,o"rpovoltiu,fidpoDord(et yl,oqup6ruta Kdi Brnotqpovtrio-
ro.xa6Iq tqv Bootrrl dotpovopto.Ar1l,u6r1, dve(d,ptqrd, dno ttq oqpe-
prvdqn(el,i(elg rf,q inrorqpnq rui tqv 8torDttooTlv6olydotpovopxdlv
Oecrrprdrv, td BrB)"iorou naptyet tiq yvtooetqnoD rc60edo'tpov6poq'
ipoottf1vnq i) Enoyyel,putiaq,npbnet6nroo6qnotevcl rot61q.
IIepiInVn oOorootrrcrrflq Aoirflq 'Ao'tpovoptoq rou eivot rcti
f 1v6 u yu p vd o td K T Klo o p oy gag ta ( 4. Kr r ltodr r l- K. Xcr odnr 1) .
'O Xcro&nqqSproq6dv neptopio0qre otrlv ?tdpouo[cror1 tflq o'uy-
1p6vou dorpovoptoq.'O(u6eprqqpe).etqtr'1q tdrv dploirrlv S;JLIt]/ov,
iov Mdio ro0 1964 rdver dvorcotvoon o'td Euv66pto tdv 'El,l,qvrrlv
Mu0qpottrdrv(@eo/vircn) pd 06po: tr Oi'Oqqmoi"Yp,vol xai fi dor.qo-
uop,ta-'xotd. riy B' yilterrlqt\a n. X. tt. 'H nl,rlpqq pel,etq roD ttg.vo)
o' oird to 06punopouow(er,utcbq6t6urtopmrl 8turp_tBq rou pd titl,o :
(H 'E).lr1ami1'Aorqovop,tarfie B' yt).rcrr1gt6oq n.X. xatd' mie 'Og-
gtxodE"Yp,uougD, 'A0flvor 1967.
'H oupBo),Tlo0ro0 toO 6pyou otqv dnoro,td,ordo'nrflq d),q0eioq
oletrrd. pd tqv 'Aploiu 'El,l,r1vrKq'AotpovoptU, eivur tepcotto.
Arol pd rov XdpclKtqptotrrc6 tou tp6no tflq l,entopePo0g E[et&oerrlq
rdlv 6e6oprivrrlv, tfrq rcptnrcflqEppqvetdqroDq rcci cruv06'oerbg t-oug6r'
i[oycoyq oupTrspdopd,ttrtv, 6 Xoodnqq dno8etrvrSet : cr) 6tr oi <'Op-
tYpvot>> nepi ro 1600 rc.X., &.oyi'uoq d,vq Kd,rd,Ypd-
qiroi o'uvet60r1oov
gq roug Eyrverdv 6ov n.X. oidrvu,Bd.oettdrv d,otpovoptKdlv 6e6op6,volv
noD nepltcyovtCI,t o' ditofq, ro,i B) 5tr of 'Opqrroi gtl,oo'ogot^eTluv
'tqv
oul,l,6$er fll,rorevrptKrl i66o, d,no o0tor)g 6d rqv nop6l,oBcrvo[
Ilu0uyopttot Kdi 6 'Apiotupxoq'
'Eni nl,6,ovdno8etrv0et,6tt o[ 'Opqrroi iyvtilpt(av : trlv oqCI,tpl-
r6tr'1tu roi neptorpoqn tflq yflq, ri6 <(drveq>) rflq yflq' 6rr f1yfl rutelet
ro *bvrpo rflq o0poviouo'qdipdq, 6 tflg
ci(crlv 6noiuq routi(etot pd tdv
d(ovu nrplorpogflg tflq yflq' E6i6ao-Ko,v to ioolpovov tflq ngprorpo-
qqq rflq yflq roi tflq o0poviouorpuipug'30006tq npo to0 Nerirovoq
el1av dnoEe10frtov fil,to oov El,rrtrd r6vtpo nepi to 6noio tl Tfl fitpt-
gfperot 6pi(ovtog tTlv 3r1,ernt1Kt1'Byvcilpr(uvro oqdtptKo o1flpo
ro0 or)pcvotrra,itoDq6uo npcbrougv6pouqrflg rtvqo'ealqtqq o0pctviou
orpuipuq'6t6rptvdv tor)q&ot6pegod <nup6evtuq>rai nl,uvflt1G,6i6ov-
rdg toui p6l,rotu td o'qpsptvd,touq 6v6putu' eiorlyoyuvtdv Zrp6rur6,
ro[,bproov rTlv Brl,arnrtKq, &v6ntu(uv rtlv dotpol,oyiu ro0cbprod,v
trlv 6i&pKad r60e inoXflq' tyvcbpt(ovno0 6rpeil,ovtuttd o0pdvto96q,
ro l,uruDTdqroi td l,urogrog' eioqydydv trlv bvvotu to0 uiOepoq,rbq
nlrlpoOvtoq rov X,drpo n6pov tflg yqivqq d,tpooqotpuq'iyvrbpt(dv-rrlv
Unop(q 6pirrlv Sndvcrlorrl lel,Tlvn' Xpqolponoro0odvoel,r'lvturoflpe-
pol,oyto roi 6i6uoxuv 6n o[ nepi Kpovou p00ot dvurp6povrdt.otdv
lpovo' r6l,oq, 6l,o rcl tputv6pevuruBepvdlvrdt qfio tdv floycoo'pto
I.iopo ruoi 6r6nertd, navruorov oipcrvorui tr1 Tfl. 'And 6drd, <At0rrd>

l9
 EAAHNIKOE AOf OE

(6pdq 'Opgtrcdlvretp6vrrlv)nporfnter, 6tr Byvrbpt(ovrcoi tor)g gdKoDg.

'And 6l"a o0rd, oupTrepc,ivet : o) 6rr fl dl,r]0rvq inroulpovmrl
dotpovopio 0epe),rrilOqre ordv 'El,l,o6rrcoldlpo nepi,ro p6,ooroi),d-
Xlorov rflq f' lrl,retrlpi8og n.X. roi 6g0ooeorn peydl,q drprl rnq
rcepito 1600n.X. pd tor)q'OpgrKoug'roiB) 6rr roropp6ouvof Oecrlpieq
nepi dyvolotcrlv<npoel,l,qvmdrvl> qu),covotdv 'El,l,u6rro xdpo npiv
dno rrlv rd0o6o rdtv Arrlpr6rov (neptnou1100n.X.).
ruvendlq,pd ro 6pyorou a0ro 6 deipvnoroqAr8doxal,ogpou Trpoo-
g6pet dl,qOrvdg<60vrrcdq 0nqpeoteq)) - ircroq tdlv Bnrotqpovmdrv-
6r6rt, 6nroq6 l6rog ypuger otd r6l,oq toO BrBl,tourou : <eiq ro0ro,
611 8eurepeu6vrcrlg roi dneBl,6ydpev: Nd, 8ei[rrlpevrdv d],q0fl nv6D-
pa,rtrdv nol,rrropov rdv porptvdlv'E),)"qvCIv npoy6vrovpdqrui vd &no-
Korc,o'rTloopsvtor5tou6eiq rrlv norpi8o ro)v, rnv 'E1,1,66o,dnd rqv
6noiuv, Bn' d,prerdvtoDq i[er6nroCI,voi 6fl0ev <flpo6],]"qveg> ro0 no-
pel,0ovro6roi oi 6fl0ev<cpr7,6l,),r1veq>> Bpeuvqroiro0 nop6vrog>.
'And nl,eupdgd,orpovotnKfrq, f1 pel,6rq tou o0rr1dvoyvrrlpio0rlre
n6q o'ro i[roteprrcdo'CI,v ((7ro ], u t 1 p q)), roi pd,],rordKplvopevrltl o-
v ov d,ndrnv retpoo6l,r8qnepil,qyrl rng ornv dyyl,mr1.Tnolg 6d
po0 ypdger od olenrrl Bnrorol,rl tou 6 8tonpenrlqp6ooq ro0rlyqrng
d o rp o vo p o qP .G. K u l i kovskij,0d, r nv r ,dBouv ooBopd) g 6n'
g v t u grtl o'uvto[q tflq <<fevrrcfrq 'Io'topioq rfi6 'Ao'rpovopioqr,nor)
ed irc6o0fl 0no rllv uiyt8o tqg Are0vo0g'Aorpovoprrflq' 'Evrbo-eoq
q4V] roi tfrg Ate0vo0g'Evcboerrrg 'Ioropioq rdrv @uorrdrvtEnto.rrlpd)v
(ruHPS).
E i vo r l ,o rn o v & o u yx' opnr o ogolpo vd tnwptnovr dr
o'rr1v'El,),&6uEoptoo'nrdger6rll,cbo'agyra to 500lpovta d,norrlv yev-
vnon ro0 Kon6pvr5oD_, dq' cigorl 6 pdv 6ranpenrl6dorpov6poq lrCIq
E0y. 'Avtcrlvtd81qirre8er(e 6t' u0tov 6tr dpgdvtoe rilg 61111 tou rn"
f1),rorcevtplKq 0errlptaro0 'Aprord,pxou to0 lopiou, 6 6d <gOvr*dq
dorpovopoq)pdg K. Xaoonqg drpepe o'ro gdlgrrlv dplarord,rq 0yr.1l,o0
3nrn66ou'El,l,qvrrr1 'A<rtpovopto. 'Evdl ed Enpenevo 6pyuvro0frod
6l,l,qvtrq roi ?rdTKoo'pro rl,tpdKd t rrpoFolq t6v dplatc,rvdorpovo-
pmdlv 0r'looupdlvpoq.
'A-l,l,dro nol,unpo Bntorrlpovrrcddpyo to0 Meydl,ou Ar$uorcdl,ou
6dv otopard c66. 'H ooqpuyi8arflq 6rrlpe&q> nor)6pepe,rdv rb6r1yr.1oe
o'dveouq6pop_ouq dpeuvrlg.'Al,r1Orvoq nrordg Xpronuv6q, &Tvoq6obl,og
toO @eo0,6 X-oodnr16 oupgtl,ioor rrlv drcro'rnpovrKrl pd rqv eebi,oyrrrl
Epeuvordv E0oyyel,irov.
Td 19703(e6o0r1ro BtBl.io rov rr'o 'Aorfiq rfiE Brlil"e6p,t,6nou
npoo8ropi(et d,otpovoprrdrqtdv Xpovo rqq flvvqo-ecoqto'o ;Ir1o.o0
Xproto0. Md rov Tvooro tpono rfrq ouorqpanrflg rat l,enropepoDg
Epeuvrlq6l,rrlv tdlv. 6e6opdvrov, dnorl,eier o-ryd,- orya 6),eqdq' 0nrip-
Xouorq 0errlpieg yrd, tov <dor6po tdlv Md,yalv>,dlovraq rbqrprrnpid
rou rnv Bnro'tqpovrKrlTvrbo'ndq' 6vdgrCI,itd, eOayyel,md, i6o.pro'dg'
€r6pou.M6vov { Oecrlpio ro0 Kepler, 6oo xpqo-rponorei rrlv dmo.rqpq

20
 @EMATA

roi Eev&varptyet ord <0nepBattKd>>, dvt6ler ordv '6)reyy6tou rui yi-

p rrp d rp q p d r flq < @eotptoq Xoodnn,
v t rd t te l ,trccr, ytcr tdv
<'Aotfpd rfrq Br10l,eep>.
'EDd),6xroq ro0 yvrrloto0),d0ou6ro0 Arovuoruro0 lpovol,oyiou
Fdg,6 Ar8do-rcol,oE tlou Xpnotpofioteiroi rd, 6(flq 4 ypovol,oyrrd,Kpr-
rrlpru: o) 6tr 6 'Ir1oo0qyevvrl04re<dv flp6pdrq'Hprb6outoO Baot-
1,6o4>(Mt B' 1), B) 6tr flrov 30ett1q6ruv Bondo'0r1re rd 15ov6roqrflq
flyepoviagtoO TtBepiouKotoopoq (Ar 3' 1,21,23),y) 6tr ro npdrro
fldolu ro0 8rlpootouBtouto0 'Iqoo0 eilav n6q oupnl,qpoefl 46'6111
d,notrlv dvotro8opqo'r1toO Nao0 tdrv 'IepoooX,uprrlv ('Irrl B' 20)' rui 6)
6tr q dnoyporprlrurd, tqv 6noio yevvrlOrlre6 'Iqoo0g fltuv f1 nprilrrl
noDEyrveBni Kuprlviou(Ar P'2). 'And 6),o6do0rd Enerur6n 6roqrflq
fevvqoeolgro0 Kuplou etvur to 4 n.X. yewrdlg.
"Elovrdg ndl,rv 0n' 6rye1rou riq n),qpogopieqro0 Mut0oiou ytd,
riq i8rorrlrsqtoO <'Aor6poq>> (Bpgdvroqtou 2 ypovtonpiv tq fevvqoq,
rivqorl, ordor1...)dno8etrvfet,6n 6 <'Aorqp> noDel1av 6fl npo 6re-
riuq oi Mriyor fltov f1 pey6l,q luyrevrpoo'Tl rdrv nl,ovrltdlv nepi rrlv
8ralrrlprotmr'1Tpdppn tdv Zrp8ialv'I10uorv- Kpro0, roD o4perrbOqre
otig 13- 19 'Anprl,iou 6 n.X. 'H dorpol,oTrKTlEpprlvetuu0ro0 ro0
<purvopfvou dnd roiq Mdyouq,rdtd, tiq dvnl,qryerqrfrq BnofflgeKeivtlq,
roDq 66aroetd ororyeiu rdlv lpovov o'ul,l,rlryerrlg rci yevvqoecrlgro0
@euvOpcbnou. fr' or)ro roi od,v Erp0oouvo'rd,'Iepoo6),upopsra tqv
frivvqorl, (qroOocv rdv <Te106vroBoorl,eo>(Mt B' I - 2). Lton el1uv
6 no l ,o yi o a ,6 tr n o u l ,l ,r1yrTou
1 ( E0 ayy el,r opoq tfr q @eo-
t 6 rco u ) i i n p e n eva 6 yrv eo' r ig 6 M aptiou 5n.X. 6n6te r ui n
f e vvn o rl T o u 0 d ,fl ruv or i6 6 Aer tp p piou 5n.X.' Ener Er l
6d r'lyenrog nl,ovrlrrlq rflg M. Iu^lrevrprboecrlq flruv 6 ouv8e6pevog
pd rqv 'Iou6u,io Kpovoq, nor) dno dg 2 Aiyouorou Errveiro dvd,Spopu
(t€ A. npoqA.) rui <iiorq> (6ruve o'r&o'qordv o0povo)orig 19 Aerep-
Bptou 5 n.X., 6rc,v oi Md,yor 6g0ooov orrlv Bq0l,edp(Mr B' 9 - 10),
a0roq np€netvd,Oealpflrar6 <dotrlp> nor)rb8qyqoeroDgM&youq.
Eivor 6e lopuKrqpronrd, 6ou ypdger petu(D dl,l,rrlvotqv Brrevfl
rpttmq rou ytcr,rdv <c'Aorfporfl6 Br10l,edp> 6 0eol,oyogr. II. Iuvru-
(onoul,oq : <fl6pov 6d rdlv tntyetpqpdtrrlv ro0 ptBl,iou e0pior<<rl dro-
pn ilv, rd 6notov 8vro10errqv d,nor.yrv ro0 ouyypoq6rrlq6oov dqopQ
ei6 rqv ipepoprlvicrv rflq yevvrloecoq toO Kup[ou. 'Anopdl 6e ndlq 6
Bl,l"oytpogoDyyporpeDq 6dv trlv e6pev6vtog rflg nl,ouoloq BrBl,roypa-
gidg rqv 6notuv Xpqolponotei. 'I6oD ro0ro : 'H 6no8erl0eio'u6n
Aer. 5 n.X. cbgipepoprlvia rflq yevvqoeolgro0 Kupiou peto06terdvay-
rc,trrl6tov E0oyyel,ropovrfrq Oeor6rou (wv6o pflvoq evrrlpttepov)eig
td,g 6 Moprtou ro0 orlro0 6roug rai trlv <oul,l,r1\yrv)to0 'Iald,vvouro0
Banno'ro0 (ii( pqvflg evarpltepov,Aour. a' 26) rdv 'OrtcilBptovro0 6
n.X. Arcr, vd,eivor dl,r1OogCIvqq n 6q Aer. ro0 5 n.X. rbqipepopr'1vicrflq
yevvrloeo40d, nptnet svtog ro0 'OrrolBptou ro0 6 rc.X. vd, e0pioKrro
eig tqv 0nrlpeo'lavtoO Nao0 n uBqqpepiu'Apr6>, eig rrlv 6ruotavdvfl-

2l
 E AAHNIKOE AOTOE

Ktv 6 rdrrlp ro0 'Iod,vvovZayapioq (AoDK.d' 6). 'O e0rpurlq [no],oyt-

o'poqro0 Scaligerp&q n),rlpogopei6rr npdyporLi <Bqqpepta'ABtd>
flro tni ro 6pyov(rcotd,td 6tog 6 n.X.) tdg 6B6op66og 18- 24'Anpil.iou
roi 3 - 9 'OrrrrlBpiou ! 'I6of l,orndv piu Bni nl,6ov fidvqTuprrq 6truiro-
o1q rflq <06oerrrq> ro0 K. Xuo&nr1>(fpny.6 flol,apdg, @eoiv[rq,
Noep.- Aer. 1970,reO1og620,oel,. 556).
Tov Mdptro to0 19706 Xoo'dnqg6),oBep6poqo'td luv66pro ro0
flayroopiou lupBoul,iou 'Errcl,r1o'tdv,orq fevsfn, rbgts7rr o r n p o-
vtK o E o " 6 p F o u Io q r o0 Oir oulr svlr o0 Ilcr pr dp-
X,ei o u. Oi eio'rlyrlortq roD, olertrcd. pd trlv ipepopqvto 6oproopo0 to0
fluoya, 6nalgrig Srer0nrDoe o'rr1vdvaroivoo'rl tou <Consid6rationas-
tronomique du jour de Ia c6l6brationde la f6te de Pdques>,tiyrvsv&no-
8ertdq dno 6 I e q dg XptondvrKdg 'Errl,r1oleq, dve(aprrlrog 6oypri-
rov. Irqpr(oprvoq o'rd,xo0dpdq d,o'tpovopmd, 6e6opavoyrd,rqv Bopr-
vr1 io'rlpepiarcai tqv 6p0rl igoppoyq ro0 <<"OpoD rflq Nrruioq>, o'rTl
oulv6trlro 6optoo'po0ro0 [Ido1a od 8rdgopeg6B6op66eq tdlv Map-
rtou -'Anptl,iou rai orq pel,6rq tou 6rd tdv Xpovo tfrq 'Avuordoecrrg
ro0 Kupiou, eioqyr10r1rce vd Eoptd(erottd Ildolo trlv 8eurcpnKupro-
rr1 to0 'Arcprl,iounor)rupoiveror flpepoprlvrdKdlq &nd 8 - 14to0 pr1v6q.
'Apeoo oyert(ilrtvo Trpoqtiq eioqyrloergtou o0rdq elvat td re-
l,eutaio peydl,o Spyo roD (ro0 1971, dv6r6oro d,ropq): rlfqoo\togt-
opdEro6 XgdaourfiE 'Avaord.oeaEro6 '111oo6 Xgtoroi,u, rcor)d,note-
l,ei o'uvtyew roi 16l,0grfrq e0yevrrflqnpoona0etoqrou - noi dplroe
pd rov <'Ao'r6,pdrflq Br'10),edp) - vd, ra0optcrn rd lpovmd, 6prd rfrg
Za\q ro0 Kuptou.
flpog ro0ro Xpqortronoretciq nlrlporpopieqrflq II. Ato0rlrrlq
oletrrcr, pd tov lpovo roi rp6no 6oproopo0 ro0 'EBpotro0 fftio1o'
0(erd(et td iolfov r6te EBporroflpepol,oTro'dvul,6erdq e0uyyel,rrdq
ei8qoerqytd ro tel,eutsio lld,olo to0 'Ir1oo0rai peru &no u0rr1 rq
l,opnpq rprrtrq dv6l,uor1,npolcrlpei orn ofv0eor1, &no8errvfovrcq
pd d8tdotlotd o'torleiu t6oov dno dorpovoplKfrq,6oov roi dnd 0eo-
l,oyrrflq nl,eupd,g,611 6 Kuprog o'ruupcirOrlre rrlv flopoorceuq(nopa-
p o vn )to 0 'E B p o rrcofl0d,olu 7' Anpr l,tour oi &vdor r lenKe <6p-
0 p o u B o 0 6 o 9 rtv
>) K u pr ar r ' 1 9 ' AnplItou 30p.X. Koi 6dv
0nd,p1erdpgrBol,iu, nrog n 6r6ooq s0ro0 ro0 rel,eutciou peyd,l,ou
6pyou rou 0d,dnorel,6oqdl,r1Orvd, rEdy r 6 o p r o yeyov6g.
Kord, roDg 3 rel,eurciouglrfrvsq rflg (roflg roD, ord n]"aiotorflg
Bntotrlpovrrfrgo'uvspyo,oioq tou pd ro "I6pupaEr)yev[6ou,Eyporye prd,v
rr Odgat,oyqapta t rcui rdv vecbrepou Illaailrrl "Aprl l roD, not n8q
6(e6oOq.
Tel,er6vovrdqar)rr1rrlv Trd,poDo[ooq ro0 Emorrlpovtro0 6pyou
to0 Ar6oox6l,oD pou, 0d0el,ovd, dvopepOdlpd l,iyo l,oyra rai otqv Ev
y6vet fipoo0fim6rr1rd rou.
"Av0prrlnognor) <d,rnvoBo),o0oe>ruprol,ercnrd, Kr d,norel,o0oe
trd T vrl rqp d , rd v r6 o po. M eydq Ar 6&or cl,og, pd 6In r nv

22
 OEMATA

oqlrdo{d rflq l,e(errlq, Edv nop6l,etrye notd ndpo dq nol,l,dg d,o'1ol,teq

roi eig Fdpog rflg r)yetoqrou vu npooq6pn tov 6out6 rou otoUq o,Dvdv-
0pcbnouqrou pd tiq d(enepoorsq od BntornpovlK6tqto rui y),oqDp6-
rt'lrd 6tul,6(erq rou, pd ancond vd pdq rco0o8rlytlon ocrlv 'A-l"rl0etu.
'Al,l,d, rai 6 r6opog, votrb0ovrdq tqv dyvq nveupunrq fipoo'gopd tou,
'Erpeyeo0Ooppt1rd,Kovtd, tou nl,qppupi(ovtoq tig ulOouoeq, 6nou rt
dv o0toq Spgovt(6ruv. "ATvdq oo,v <ndt6iov>r, pd dn6pavtr1 'Aydnrl
roi Xorpio, Ercpupepd trlv &nl,6tqtu rcoi rul,crlo'uvd,rqrd?rttv6tqt& rou
rqv <Iqpoyt8u rflq Oeioq Aropedg)).fr' u0td roi Ocr, ruepdoouvdr6po
nol,l,d, Xpovtd V€Xptvu 6)"0ouv otd qdq 6l,A td 6p7u rou Kdi v' d,vn-
l,r 1q0o0vTrpdy1ldcrd,of d v O p c rln ont 6 o o p e y d l" o q f lt o v 6
Ka lv or dvriv oq X uo& n t l q .
Mdq 6guye o'riq 10 'Ioul,tou 1972 yalunvlog pd trlv dn6puvtrl niotq
rou otdv @eo rai blovrdq tel,er6oet td 'Epyo tou d8dl.
Ilor8i (rvsDlrd,trr6> rou Kt 6Yril,pe dve(itr1l,q trlv o'qpuyt8o tflq
?rdpouotu6 rou otqv VDXq poD, Bl,enrrlrrlv 'A0&votr1 Orrltervrl YuXrt
rou od,v iEsvmd rui tqv fidpd,Kdl,dlvd, 66qyfl tcr,Bqpotd pou otdv Oeio
6popo tflq 'Al,r10etuq,6nou 6<p0ooeuit6g.

23