Session 4- Questions) \{ ATTHEW Matthew 3) rie xing and His Kingdom John: The Forerunner to the King Porm CCT Birtkof | Announcement | Eseablsment | The Kingiom | Transferof | Amouncement | Vidor of the King | ofthe Kingdom | ofthe Kingdon | Defined | the Kingdom’ | ofthe End of the | the King “uthoriy | “Old Kingdom 2] me12 | Mt3-4 | mts9 | Me1-12 | Mt 14-17 | Mt. 19-23 | Mt. 26-28 B| esis” ancestry | Job the Baptist | Mira: Jesus | Taos Sominsny;| Events and | Pasion 3] “nd infncy | andre ery | commasioning | conn ane | inci the | teaching bn Woot 3 ministry | the Toelse | generation TTecke Judea gE) Mt 5-7 Mt. 10 Mt. 13 Mt18 | Mt. 24-25 5) Sermoron | aisionay | Ringlom | tapinthe | Ole Dizoune §) ttedMoune | fnsrucins | Parcs Christian | Gudgmenton x community | _Jerusalen) A. Review the Context Matthew rounds off the prologue to his Gospel by painting a picture of Christ’s early reception by the world, Contrary to what one might expect, it is the gentile magi who were drawn to worship the newborn. King, while the Jews were troubled by the news and King Herod tried to kill him. Perhaps people weren't expecting a king from such humble circumstances, Yet Matthew's accountis full of quotes and allusions to the Old Testament that show the birth ofthis child to be the fulfillment of God's promise: Micah prophesied a great king from Bethlehem; Isaiah foretold gentile kings bearing gold and frankincense to the Lord; and when the Holy Family settles in Nazareth, they fulfilled prophecies that a righteous “branch” would come to rule from David's line. Take a look at the graph below. Remember that Matthew is divided into five “books,” each with a narrative section followed by adiscourse (a major “speech” by Jesus). Here we begin the first book, “Announcement of the kingdom,” with an account of John the Baptist and of Jesus’ early ministry. This narration will culminate in Jesus’ Sermon on the Mount. B. Read the Story Carefully read Matthew 3. Ask yourself the questions: Who? What? Where? When? How? Why? As always, pray before you read. Biswas» Sesion Questions: Matthew Jon: The Forerunner tothe Kng What is the Kingdom of Heaven? John the Baptist came as a forerunner to Jesus, proclaiming the coming of the “kingdom ofheaven.” This also will be the central theme of Jesus’ mission. What is that kingdom? ‘The kingdom ofheaven (or the kingdom of God, or of Yahweh, or the Lord—these are synonymous) has to do with kingship as much as kingdom. Itreflects the Old Testament concept of God’s reign over his people Israel. In 1 Chronicles 28:5, King David tells of the Lord’s choice of his son Solomon “to sit upon the throne of the kingdom of the Lord over Israel” (emphasis ours). God promised to establish David’s throne or kingdom forever—but that throne and kingdom clearly belonged to God. ‘Thus the kingdom of God became identified with Israel's everlasting rule over the nations: a rule thatall but disappeared when Judah (the Southern Kingdom after David and Solomon's kingdom divided under Solomon's son, and the kingdom which preserved the reign of the Davidic line) ‘was exiled in 587 nc. The people returned to Judea seventy years later but the promise of aking on the throne was not destroyed even though it was not visibly apparent. Some 500 years later, at the time of Christ’ birth, the Jews continued to hope and pray for the fulfillment of God’s promise of a Davidic king to sit upon that throne and reign in justice and righteousness over his everlasting, glorious kingdom. C. Take a Deeper Look Answering these questions will draw you into the heart of the story. If you don’t understand something, make a note of it to bring up in the discussion. John the Baptist’s Announcement 1 a, Who was John the Baptist and what was foretold about him? Read Luke 1:5-36. b. What was his message and purpose (verses 2-3)? cc. What details does Matthew give about where John the Baptist preached, the clothes he wore and the food he ate? uiesuiylatbascSes 4 Questions, Mathew John: Theforeumnertothe King 21 2. Who came to hear John preach, and how did they respond? 3. a. The Pharisees and Sadducees were religious leaders in Jesus’ day: the Pharisees held themselves strictly separate from everything “unclean” and held people to strict standards of observing the aw in order to be holy. The Sadducees were descendants of Zadoch, high priest under David, who had become corrupt and were pawns of the Romans. What do you think John the Baptist meant by his warning in verses 8-12? b. What do you think John means by “fruit that befits repentance?” Read Catechism 678. What will be judged on the Last Day? 4, Read 2 Kings 1:8, Malachi 4:5-6, and Sirach 48:4, 9-10. What Old Testament prophet does Matthew's description of John the Baptist bring to mind, and what do Malachi and Sirach say about that prophet? (Note: If your Bible doesn’t have a Malachi 4:5-6, the same verse appears in some translations as Malachi 3:23-24,) 5, Think about it: john baptized people in the Jordan River. Is there anything special about this river that might lend meaning to this fact? Read Joshua 3; 2 Kings 5:1, 10-14; and Catechism 1222. 6. Compare and contrast the baptisms of Jesus and of John the Baptist (verses 11-12. See also Catechism 1265). Swistutfatokacom22 Sesion Queso: Matthew 3 hn: TheFrerunnerothe King Jesusis Baptized 7. IfJesusis repentance” inless, why do you think that he went to be baptized by John, who baptized “with water for For help with this question, see Catechism 535-536 and 1223-1224, 8. What is signified by the opened heavens, the descent of the dove, and the voice from heaven? D. Application ‘This question will help you apply one of the key themes ofthe lesson to your life. After meditating on it, respond t0 God with a brief written prayer if you choose. John’s message was “repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand,” The kingdom of heaven is here on earth now in a provisional way—in the Church. We all need to repent, to prepare for Jesus’ coming in our hearts. Have you borne “fruit that befits repentance?” What can you learn from the preaching of John the Baptist? Dear Lord, BeksuesotalicconSesion ak Nts 23 Session 4 Talk Notes Matthew 3 - John: The Forerunner to the King A 8B G Matthew 3—The first of five narratives in Matthew Geography of srael—'the fifth Gospel” L. 2 3. Wilderness of Judea north of Dead Sea Jordan River ‘Major bodies of water a. Sea of Galilee—fresh water enters and goes out, small b. Dead Sea—deep, rich mineral content but no outlet, nothing grows John the Baptist in the wilderness of the Jordan River s 2. Lowest point on earth Israel crossed the Jordan to take Jericho afier Exodus, desert wanderings Awaiting Messiah and consolation of Israel a. Isaiah prophesies to the South b, Chapters 1-39: Book of Woes c. Chapters 40-55: Book of Consolation—God will restore Israel Prophets spoke of consolation taking place in the wilderness a. Hosea 2:14-15: Valley of Achor (Achan's disobedience Joshua 7); Matthew 3:3 quotes Isaiah 40:3: new exodus has begun Qumran—Dead Sea Scrolls a. Essenes: believed end times had come b, John the Baptist may have been an Essene Jews and Baptism L 2. Mikveh (or mikvah)=immersion pool for cleansing, purifying John at the Jordan—self-immersion Baptizo=to dip or plunge seiswivrabeiam4 EB Sesion Tatts, b. Baptism of preparation for Messiah c. Exodus symbol dd. Repentance (Gk. metanoia, Heb shuv “to repent”) Kingdom References 1. “Kingdom” mentioned more than fifty times in Matthew a. Four times kingdom “of God” b. 32 times kingdom “of heaven”—evasive synonym for the name of God—malchut shamayimJohn as a New Elijah 2. John’s clothing reflects Elijabis 3. Jews believed Elijah would come before Messiah! to restore the tribes of Israel 4, Elijah went up to heaven (2 Kings 2:4-6, 9-11) where John appears dressed like Elijah 5. Elijah followed by Elisha who does even greater miracles—2 Kings 4, 5 Parallels Between Jesus and Elisha 2 Kings 4:1-7—Elisha transforms vessels of oil; Jesus turns water to wine at Cana 2. 2 Kings 4:32-34—Elisha raises dead child to life, like Jesus 3. 2Kings 4: -44—Elisha multiplies loaves to feed a multitude 4, 2 Kings 5—Naaman cured of leprosy when John tells him to wash in the Jordan a. Catechism 1222—baptism prefigured ‘Message to Pharisees, Sadducees: “bear fruit that befits repentance” H, Baptism of Jesus 1. Jesus identifies with Israel—submits to baptism of repentance 2. Language of anointing of a Jewish King a. 1 Samuel 10:6—Saul b. 1 Samuel 16:13—David "See Malachi 45 @:23 in NAB) BaictoraticomSession 5 - Questions) \[ATTHEW Matthew 4: The Tempting of the King | rie king and His Kingdom Prologue oe Book3 ‘Conclusion Birteof | Announcement | Establishment | The Kingdom | Transorof | Announcement | —Vicwry of the King | ofthe Kingdom | ofthe Kingdom | Defined | the Kingdom's | ofthe End of the | the King “Authority | Old Kingdom 2) Mt 1-2 | Mt3-4 | mts-9 | Mt.11-12 | Mt 1417 | Mc. 19-23 | Mt. 26-28 | E) seus ancsry | Jol the Baptist | Miva: “ious | tes eminisry: | Eeentsand | Passion | S| endingncy | and Jou? erty | commasioning | confont on et | inarcngibe | eahing in Wer | 5 ministry | “the Tweae | generation “Tac ‘tudes | g) Mt. 5-7 Mt. 10 Mt. 13 Mt.18 | Mt. 24-25 Semonon | Misionary | Kingdom | Lyin the | Olver Dixoure the Mount | instructions | Parables Christian | Gudgmenton x commnity | Jerusalem) A. Review the Context In Chapter 4, we learned that God sent John the Baptist to prepare the way for the coming Messiah by calling people to repentance and cleansing from sin, He also baptized Jesus, who thus identified with those whose sins he would one day bear on the cross. Matthew used language reminiscent of the Creation account in Genesis to describe Jesus’ baptism: The dove descended over the waters; God spoke his Word from heaven. ‘This is the beginning ofa new creation. ‘The Messiah has been named by God, anointed for service as king and is ready for ministry. It will be interesting to see what he does first! B. Read the Story Carefully read Matthew 4. Ask yourself the questions: Who? What? When? Where? How? Why? Av always, pray before you read. C.Take a Deeper Look Answering these questions will draw you into the heart of the story. If you don't understand something, make a note to bring it up in the discussion, The Temptation of Jesus 1. Inverses 1-11, Jesus is tempted by the devil. What seems to be the motivation and purpose behind the devil’s questioning? sebsyeraiscon26 Sesion Questions: Mathew The Tempting of the King 2. What weapons does the devil employ against Jesus? 3. How does Jesus fight back? What is the result? 4. a, Going back to verse 1: Who was it that led Jesus into the desert and why? b. Does this seem odd to you? Why was it important that Jesus be tempted? Read what the Church has to say about Jesus’ temptations in Catechism 538-40. (See also Hebrews 4:15-16.) 5. Think about it: Ifeven the devil can quote Scripture, how can we know when it is correctly used and when it is not? How can we avoid being misled? (Try to answer this from what you have learned in this chapter. If you need additional help, see Catechism 85-86 and 109-119.) Jesus Ministers in Galilee Note: Before answering these questions, re-read verses 12-25. Find all the locations mentioned on the map in the Introduction. 6. The tribal areas of Zebulun and Naphtali were the first regions to be carried off into exile by the Assyrians. During Jesus’ day, there were some Jews (from Judah) living in Galilee, but mostly the population was made up of gentiles and descendants of the Israelites (northern tribes) who had returned from exile. Why do you think Jesus might have chosen to start his ministry there? RakSwéfrctdisconSession 5 Questions Matthew 4 TeTenptingofthefing 27 7. In verses 15-17, Matthew connects the start of Jesus’ ministry with a prophecy from Isaiah. Read the original in Isaiah 9:1-7. What does Matthew want his readers to understand? 8. a, Notice that Jesus’ message in 4:17 is identical to John the Baptist’ in 3:2. How is this significant? b. Why was this message such an important one for Israel to hear? 9. How did Jesus call his first disciples (verse 19), and how did they respond? 10. a. How did Jesus minister to the people in Galilee (verses 23-25)? b. How was he received? Sbleuyoraotc.om28 Sesion Questions: Mathew The Tempting ofthe King D. Application ‘This question will help you apply one of the key themes ofthe lesson to your life, After meditating on it, respond to God with a brief written prayer if you choose. How well do you know God's Word? The author of Psalm 119:11 says “I have laid up thy word in my heart, that I might not sin against thee.” How can you do this? How can you resist temptation as Jesus did? If you need courage, remember the words of Hebrews 2:18: “For because he himself has suffered and been tempted, he is able to help those who are tempted.” Dear Lord, RoiswivratsiscnSesion Tak Notes 29 Session 5 Talk Notes Matthew 4- The Tempting Of The King A iG. D The Messiah Confronts Sin and Evil 1 Jesus came to battle Israel’s real enemy—the devil Jesus Tempted in the Wilderness (Matthew 4:1-11) L Jesus relives life of Israel, but trusts the Father a. Israel came through Red Sea, tested forty yrs. in desert; Jesus came through baptism, tested. 40 days in wilderness b. Catechism 538—Satan’s temptations of Jesus recapitulate those of Adam and Israel c. Jesus faced same temptations Israel faced but triumphs i. In Deuteronomy, Moses recounts the 3 major failures fi, Jesus answers Satan by quoting Moses (Deuteronomy 6-8) ‘The Spirit both leads and strengthens him The First Temptation (Matthew 4:3-4) 1. Enemy strikes at identity of Jesus—“If you are the Son of God...” a. Response to Matthew 3:17—“This is my beloved son. b. Catechism 538—Satan seeks to compromise Jesus’ filial attitude toward God 2. Test deals with hunger, provision, security a. Exodus 16:2-3—Israel grumbles about hunger in wilderness, does not trust God b. “Man shall not live by bread alone” (quotes Deuteronomy 8:3) i. In Hebrew, lit. Man can live “by anything God says” The Second Temptation (Matthew 4:5-7) 5 2, 3. ‘The Enemy tests Jesus with Scripture Exodus 17:2-3—Israelites complain to Moses about lack of water, thirst a. Massah=testing Enemy quotes Psalm 91:11-12 to have Jesus prove he is God a. “You shall not tempt the Lord your God” (quotes Deuteronomy 6:16) b. Psalm 91:13—Serpent trampled underfoot30 Sesion Talk oes E, The Third Temptation (Matthew 4:8-11) 1. 2. 3 4, Enemy tempts Jesus to worship a false god Exodus 32—worship of the golden calf “You shall worship the Lord your God...” (quotes Deuteronomy 6:13-14) Jesus resists the devil and the devil flees—see James 4:7 F, OurTemptations and Tools to Combat Them L 3. 5, 1 Lent—experience the wilderness like Israel and Jesus a. Learning to trust b. Catechism 540: in Lent, Church united to Jesus in desert Jesus tempted but not enticed by concupiscence (our tendency to sin) a. 1 John 2: 15-17: lust of flesh, lust of eyes, pride of life b. Matthew 6: three forms of piety to combat this: prayer (pride of life), fasting (flesh) and alms (eyes) Catechism 2847 a. trials—necessary for growth b. temptation—Ieads to sin and death Sources of strength a. Catechism 1808—fortitude b. Catechism 2157—Sign of the Cross Catechism 2340—self-knowledge, ascesis (self-discipline), obedience, exercise of moral virtue, prayer 1 Corinthians 10:1 : God provides a way out of temptation Jesus Preaches in Galilee (Matthew 4:12-22) Headquarters in Capernaum a. Zebulun and Naphtali exiled 722 nc, ten years before other tribes b. First destroyed will be first restored c. Via Maris=the Way of the Sea Isaiah 9:1 the place of bloodshed will be a place of light Jesus begins to bring in twelve apostles (represent twelve tribes) RoiswifottsiccomSession 6 - Questions| \/[ATTHEW Matthew 5: The Bar is Raised by the King | rie king and His Kingdom Eon oo Book3 ern Birthof | Announcement | Esabishment | ‘The Kingiom | Transtrof | Amouncomenr | Vizory of te King | ofthe Kingdon | ofthe Kingdom | Defined” | the Kingdom's | ofthe End ofthe | the King ‘Authoriy | Old Kingiom 2) Mt1-2 | Mv3—4 | Mts-9 | Mt.11-12 | Mt 1417 | Mr 19-23 | Mt 26-28 | seen | Je he apie | Mics Tens | Teaelsdeminys| Events and | Passion B| and infoncy | and Jesus’ exrly | commissioning | cofams an evil | insrucing te | teaching in Week 3 rinisry | the Tucoe | generation Taeke Judea 3) Mt.5-7 Mt. 10 Mt. 13 Mt.18 | Mt. 24-25 S| Sermonon | tssomary | Kingiom | Lifeinshe | Oliver Dizourse B) thebtome | inaruone | Poms Gristian | Cdgment 7 2 community | Jerusalen) A. Review the Context It was no accident that Jesus began his ministry in Galilee, in the lands of Zebulon and Naphtali—the place where Israel’s long exile began. The light of Christ would shine out to all nations from that very place, ‘marking the start ofa great reversal. “The kingdom of heaven is at hand,” he declared. And people from all nations will be drawn out of spiritual exile to find their places in the kingdom. Notice on the graph below that we are half way through the first of Matthew's five “books.” The narrative section describing the preparations for Jesus’ ministry leads into Jesus’ most famous discourse: The Sermon on the Mount (Matthew 5-7). Just like Moses gave the old covenant Law to Israel from Mt. Sinai, Jesus will climb a mountain to deliver the spiritual law of the new covenant. B. Read the Story Carefully read Matthew 5. Ask yourself the questions: Who? What? When? Where? How? Why? (As always, pray before you read. esd32 Sesion Questions: Matthew The Brisa bythe king C. Take a Deeper Look Answering these questions will draw you into the heart of the story. Ifyou don’t understand something, make a note of it to bring up in the discussion. The Beatitudes: Matthew 5:1-11 When God first called Abraham and made a covenant with him and his descendants, he promised them land and an everlasting royal kingdom which would be the source of blessing to the entire world. Itis significant, then, that Jesus’ first major pronouncement, the Sermon on the Mount, begins with the “Beatitudes’—the blessings of the new covenant. 1. Look up “blessed” in a dictionary. What does it mean? What do you mean when you call someone blessed? 2. Who does Jesus proclaim in the Beatitudes will be the “blessed” of the kingdom? a. Ordinarily, beatitude or blessedness would be declared based on one’ good fortune. On what basis does Jesus declare blessing? b. What point is Jesus making about the kingdom of heaven and happiness/blessedness? 4, The first beatitude, “blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven,” lays the groundwork for the rest. Who are the “poor in spirit” (Forhelp with this question, see Catechism 544.) iswiyratoscimSesion 6— Questions: Matthew The arisRasedytheling. 33 Salt and Light: Matthew 5:13-16 5. Jesus called his disciples “the salt of the earth” in verse 13. Discuss what it means to be “salt.” 6. a, Inverses 14-16: This is not the first time children of Israel have been called the light of the world. Read Isaiah 42:6-7 and 49:5-6. What was Israel’s God-given mission, and how did Jesus expect his disciples to fulfil it? 'b. How does the image of light enhance your understanding of what God calls his children to do? The Law and the Prophets Matthew 5:17-48 7. Part of living out this new law involves being salt and light in the world. How do we put this into practice? Read Matthew 5:21-48, in which Jesus applies his new covenant understanding to old covenant laws regarding murder, adultery, divorce, swearing falsely, retaliation and enemies. How would you summarize his basic message? 8. Choose one of these laws and explain how Jesus deepens our understanding of the purpose or intent of the original. Beistfoctolscon24 Sesion6~ Questions: Mathew 5:The Bais Rabe bythe King 9. Think about it: The Catechism tells us that “in Jesus, the same Word of God that had resounded on Mount Sinai to give the written Law to Moses, made itself heard anew on the Mount of the Beatitudes” (681). What similarities and differences do you see between God's Word in the Decalogue (Exodus 20:1-17), and God’s Word in the Beatitudes? In what sense do the Beatitudes “fulfill” the Decalogue, or reveal what the earlier Law only pointed to? 10. Think about it: In verses 21-26: What can you conclude about the relationship between worship of God and our relationships with one another, from Jesus’ discussion of anger? (See also Matthew 6:15.) LL, Love of neighbor is one of the two greatest commandments of the Old Testament law. a. How does Jesus expand on the definition of neighbor in verses 43-48? b. On what basis does Jesus say to love even our enemies? D. Appl n ‘This question will help you apply one of the key themes ofthe lesson to your life. After meditating on it, respond to God with a brief written prayer if you choose. In his words regarding adultery and lust, Jesus calls us to a radical removal of things in our lives that lead usto sin and keep us from living as citizens of the kingdom of heaven, Ifyou're struggling with a particular sin: what leads you into it? What can you do to “pluck out” the offending member? Optional questions for further study: Read Catechism 1716-1724, “Our Vocation to Beatitude,” then meditate once more on Matthew 5:3-12. Ask God to speak to your heart. What truths are brought to your ‘mind? What changes do the Beatitudes invite you to make in yourself? Dear Lord, SbiswipCaballscnSession Takes 35 Session 6 Talk Notes Matthew 5 - The Bar is Raised by the King ‘A. Introduction to the Sermon on the Mount: the New Law of the New Covenant B. Beatitudes: the way to true happiness 1. St. Augustine: deepest need in life to find true happiness 2. Four levels of happiness a, Instant gratification b. Personal achievement c. Philanthropy (Acts 20:35) 4. Union with God i. Ourhearts are restless until they rest in God (Augustine) C. Sermon on the Mount: the New Law of the Kingdom 1. Parallels between Jesus (new Law) and Moses (old Law): a. Anew Exodus from bondage b. Anew Lawon Mt. Zion ¢. Anew Passover, Covenant, Israel, Temple, priests 4. Jesus’ life parallels Moses, Israel 2. Differing views of Sermon on the Mount a. Perfectionist perspective (Catholic view)—rule of personal conduct b. Impossible ideal (Martin Luther)—moves us from Law to grace ¢. Interim morality—reserved for a few D. Keysto Understanding the Beatitudes 1. The fatherhood of God disclosed in the Son (Matthew 5:9, 16) 2. They reflect perfectly the image of Christ—what itis like to be him 3. They flow into and build on each other E, The Beatitudes (Matthew 5:1-12) 1. Blessed are the poor in spirit (vs. 3) “Blessed” (Heb ashrei) means “happy” ‘To be happy: become like Christ Catechism 2546: Beatitudes reveal an order of happiness and grace ans “Poor in spirit” means humility i. There is no virtue without humility (St. Thomas) ii, Opposite of pride, the root of all sin iii. Spiritual poverty (honesty in self-assessment) unsure36. Sesion ok oes iv. Emptying self to make room for Christ (Galatians 2:20) ¥. Jesus as model (Philippians 2:5-7) vi, Foundation of prayer (Catechism 2559) 2, Blessed are those who mourn (vs. 4) a. The humble understand their brokenness, mourn their neediness 3. Blessed are the meek (vs. 5) a. Meck=controlled strength, teachable (like Moses) b, Submit strength to the Lord and he entrusts us with the earth 4. Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness (vs. 6) a. God can satisfy our hunger and thirst for more b. Psalm 63:1-3 ¢. God thirsts for you that you might thirst for him (Augustine) 4. Righteousness=right standing with God 5. Blessed are the merciful (vs. 7) a. Mercy is the response of those satisfied with righteousness 6. Blessed are the pure in heart (vs. 8) a. The capacity for truth b, Catechism 2518: intellects and wills attuned to demands of God’s holiness in charity, chastity, love of truth/orthodoxy of faith 7. Blessed are the peacemakers (vs. 9) 8. Blessed are those persecuted for righteousness’ sake (vss. 10-11) a. OT: external rewards for obedience (Deuteronomy 28, Leviticus 26) b. NT: reward is the kingdom of God i. Colossians 1:24, Salvifici Doloris: participation in Christs suffering ii, Catechism 172: iscernment in use of earthly goods iii. God gives us what we need: the giver, not the gift F,_ Saltand Light (Matthew 5:13-16) G._ SixAntitheses Raise the Bar (Matthew 5:17-48) 1, Jesus not abolishing the Law but fulfilling it a. Focus shifts inward i. Jeremiah 31: law written on hearts ii, New covenant: obey out of love, not fear iii, New law requires internal transformation iv, Weneed grace, the Eucharist, sacraments 2. “You have heard it sai ... but I say:” teaching on anger, adultery, divorce, oaths, retaliation, enemies 3. Our reward is relationship with God—the beatific vision BeiseoraconSession 7 - Questions| \.ATTHEW Matthew 6: Personal Piety | rie king and itis Kingdom Cn Corrs Birthof | Amnouncoment | Establishment | The Kinglom | Tranfrof | Amouncement | Vidor of the King | afthe Kingdom | ofthe Kingdom | Defined” | she Kinglom’s | ofthe End ofthe | the King | ‘Auhorty | "Old Kingdom z| Mt1-2 | Mt3-4 | Mt8-9 | Mt11-12 | Mt.1417 | Mt.19-23 | Mt. 26-28 | tus” ancestry | John the Baptist | Mira: Jesus | TavelsSminisry;| Events and Passion 3] and infin | and eas carly | commissioning | enjrmts an ct | inact the | teaching ie Wee 3 rninstry | the Tooke | omraton ‘Facke wadea gomes7 | meio | mei | Mes | m2425 3) Sermonon | Missionary | Kingiom | Lien the | Oliser Discos B] theMount | fasrucins | Parles Ghristion | Gudgment on z community | _Jerisalen) A, Review the Context Jesus began his public ministry like a new Moses, climbing a mountain to give his disciples the new law of the kingdom of God. His opening “Beatitudes' point the way to true happiness and blessing in the kingdom. ‘These can only be obtained by the truly humble, those who mourn over their sin, who submit their strength to - God, who unger for righteousness and are merciful. In short, by those who reflect the image of Jesus himself. ‘The Lord made it clear that far from doing away with the old aw, he came to fulfill it. What he means by this became clearer as he began to build upon the Beatitudes with six “antitheses”: contrasts between old and new that reveal the underlying spirit ofthe law. B. Read the Story Carefully read Matthew 6. Ask yourself the questions: Who? What? When? Where? How? Why? (As always, pray before you read. C. Take a Deeper Look Answering these questions will draw you into the heart of the story. If you don’t understand something, make a note of t to bring up in the discussion. Personal Piety: Matthew 6:1-4 1. In this section of Jesus’ Sermon on the Mount, he turns to matters of personal piety or “acts of righteousness.” Boisuiyocatotccm38 Sesion” Queso: Matthew 6: esna ety a. Inverses 1-18, what three practices are discussed? b. Whats the gist of Jesus’ message in these verses? ¢. What is revealed about the nature of true piety? 2. Matthew uses the title “Father” or “heavenly Father” for God twelve times in chapter 6. a. What fatherly traits of God are illustrated in this chapter? b. What difference does it make to your personal piety or acts of righteousness when you relate to God as a Father instead of as a master or judge? Prayer: Matthew 6: 14 3, Inverses 5-14, Jesus introduces prayer asan intimate means of communion with the Father. The Lord’s Prayer gives us.a framework so we will understand how to pray. a. What is the primary focus of the Lord's Prayer (verses 9-10)? besitosSesian Questor: Matthew :Pesaal ety 39 b. St. Thomas Aquinas once said that “The Lord’s Prayer is the most perfect of prayers. .. In it we ask, not only for all the things we can rightly desire, but also in the sequence that they should be desired” (Summa Theologica IL-II, 83, 9, quoted in Catechism 2763). Why do you suppose these initial requests precede the more personal ones of verses 11-13% See also Catechism 2764. 4, Inverses 11-13: a. What earthly concerns does Jesus direct us to pray about? b. Which one of these petitions speaks most to you? The Catechism discusses them in detail in Article 3 of “Christian Prayer,” nos. 2803-2854, Read the section that is pertinent to the one petition you chose. What did you learn? Forgiveness: Matthew 6:15-18 5. What, according to Jesus, is the requirement for having God forgive one’s trespasses? 6. Thinkabout it: Why do you think Jesus makes such a point of the need for forgiveness in his instructions on prayer? God and Mammon: Matthew 6:19-24 7. Whatis Jesus saying in verses 19-24? (Note: in verses 22-23, having “a sound eye” isan ancient Hebrew idiom for generosity.) eiesuioatscn40 Sesson? Quests: Mathew6: Pesnal Paty Anxiety versus the Father's Care: Matthew 6:25-34 8. a. In verses 25-34, what reasons does Jesus give us not to worry about how we will be taken care of? b. By telling us not to worry about what we will eat or wear, is Jesus telling us not to work to provide for ourselves? Read Catechism 2830. ¢. What related point does the apostle Paul make in Philippians 4:6-7? D. Application ‘This question wil help you apply one ofthe key themes ofthe lesson to your lif. After meditating on it, respond to God with a brief written prayer if you choose. When Jesus speaks of the traditional works of mercy, almsgiving, prayer, and fasting, he is combating a tendency to do these things so as to appear holy before others rather than doing them from the heart. Today ‘we're more likely to hear a homily on why we should do these at all, rather than why not to flaunt them. Are these acts of piety a part of your life, or do you just do them now and then? Do you do them out of duty or love? What can you consciously do to do them regularly and from the heart? Dear Lord, BisuiClecomSession 7 Talk Notes Session TTaktes #1 Matthew 6 - Personal Piety ‘A, Personal Piety 1. Almsgiving, prayer, and fasting a. Common to three monotheistic religions—Judaism, Christianity, Islam b. Away to combat lust of flesh and eyes, pride of life (1 John 2:15-16) 2, Need for proper motivation 3. Piety="righteousness” or ‘covenant behavior” (5:20; also 3:15, 5:6, 6:33) 4, Relationship with God is key—reward comes from God (vss. 4, 6, 18) ‘Almsgiving (Matthew 6:1-4) 1. A form of piety and penance 2. Combats the “lust of eyes”/covetousness (1 John 2:16) 3. Virtue=habit of doing good 4. Catechism 1434: prayer, fasting and almsgiving express interior penance Prayer (Matthew 6:5-15) 1. One-fourth of Catechism devoted to prayer 2. Jesus doesn't condemn public prayer but addresses heart condition a. “Hypocrite”=actor in Greek b. Private prayer complements public prayer c. Integrity: inside matches outside 3. The Lord’s Prayer a. Catechism 2765: Jesus as master and model of prayer b. Catechism 2781: prayer as communion with Father and Jesus BokSefocatolscom42 Sestn7Tok ees c. Provides a framework for prayer 4d. The perfect prayer (St. Augustine) e. First half directed to God, second half to our needs £. Daily bread=Eucharist (St. Ambrose: receive daily) g. What it means to call God “Father” i. Children of God participate in divine nature (2 Peter 1:4) hh, Hearts not open to forgiveness will be closed to God i Catechism 2783: reveals us to ourselves as it reveals the Father 4, Combats “pride of life” (1 John 2) D. Fasting (Matthew 6:16-18) 1. Combats lust of flesh 2. Do not put on a show of fasting. Denying ourselves to position hearts to hear God E, Laying Up Treasure in Heaven (Matthew 6:19-21) 1. Hearts yearn for treasure that will bring security and happiness 2. Lay up treasure in heaven for eternity through acts of piety F._ The Sound Eye and Serving Two Masters (Mathew 6:22-24) 1. Hebrew idiom: “Single” or “sound” eye=generous; “evil” eye=stingy? 2. Catechism 2113: idolatry includes divinizing what is not God 3. Revelation 13-14: martyrs died for not worshiping the Beast G. DoNot Be Anxious (Matthew 6:25-34) 1, Work hard and be prudent, but not anxious 2. Worry isa sin—not trusting God {Por other instances ofthis metaphor, se Deuteronomy 15:9 and Sirach 148-10, BoiSudfotaolsconSession 8 - Questions| \{ATTHEW Matthew 7: Choices in the Kingdom | 2 king and His Kingdom orn E one [a Crt Birth of | Announcement | Establichment | The Kingiom | Transfer of | Announcement | —Vicwry of the King | ofthe Kingiom | of the Kingdom | Defined | the Kingdom's | ofthe End ofthe | the King “Authority | Old Kingdom Ee] mei2 | Mt3-4 | Mt8-9 | Mt1-42 | Mt.1417 | Mt.19-23 | Mt. 26-28 &] ests’ ancestry | John the Baprist | Macs Jesus | tao Sominsny: | Feemts and | Pasion d and infancy | and Jesus’ earty | commisioning | confons an cot | insrucing ie | teaching in West 2 rminissy | the Toelse | “generation “Tacke Judea 3 Mi. 10 Mt. 13 ‘Mt.18 | Mt. 24-25 4 “Macioacty |" “Xiaglone =| tate © | On Dietin S insractions | Panties Cirisian | Oudgment on 3 community | _ Jerusalem) A. Review the Context Personal piety isall about doing. Its giving to the poor; nurturing your relationship with God through prayer; fasting, But these very good and important practices will bring you nothing beyond earthly recognition if, they're done for show. Practicing piety is something that truly belongs between each of us and our heavenly Father, as Jesus explained in Matthew 6. When these things are done out ofove for him and for hiseyes only, ‘we obtain an eternal and indestructible reward in heaven, ‘The second of these practices, prayer, is important enough that a quarter of the Catechism of the Catholic Church is devoted to it. Prayer is the secret to intimate communion with God. In the Lord’s Prayer, Jesus gave us a framework for vital Christian prayer so we can respond in love to the love of the Father for us. As the Sermon on the Mount unfolds, it becomes increasingly clear that at the heart of the difference between the old and new covenants is the Christian's relationship with God as Father rather than as judge. Matthew 6 closed with one of the great consequences of this relationship: there is no longer a need to be anxious when ‘one rests in the Father's arms. In Matthew 7, Jesus concludes the Sermon on the Mount with a series of quick insights into how we are to live in the kingdom of God. B, Read the Story Carefully read Matthew 7, Ask yourself the questions: Who? What? When? Where? How? Why? (Asalways, pray before you read. Buisudacabakscom4 Sesion8 Questions: Mathew 7:Cbices inthe ing C. Take a Deeper Look Answering these questions will draw you into the heart of the story. If you don't understand something, ‘make a note of t to bring up in the discussion, Judging Others: Matthew 7:1-6 1. a. Jesus says to “Judge not, that you be not judged” (verse 1). What kind of judgment is he talking about, and why does he speak against it? See also James 4:11-12, b. How do Jesus’ instructions regarding judging relate to his words in 6:14-15? See also Catechism 678. ¢. If we refrain from judging others, when will they be judged and by whom? Read 1 Corinthians 4-5 4. Does Jesus mean we should never make any judgments? Read verses 6 and 15-19. What kinds of judgments are Christians to make? Prayer: Matthew 7:7-12 2. What promises does Jesus make in verses 7-12 about prayer? ekctabftacSesion 8 Questions: Mathew”: CoisintheKingdom 45 3, ‘The “Golden Rule” (vs. 12) is found in a negative form in rabbinic Judaism and other world religions: don’t do things to others you don't want them to do back. How does Jesus change it? How does this relate to true righteousness? Entering the Kingdom - “the Two Ways”: Matthew 7:13-23 4, Jesus’ admonitions in the Sermon on the Mount may seem hard to fulfill. But what does Jesus say about the way to the kingdom in verses 13-14? 5, Think about it: Is this a new message, or has Israel heard something like it before? Compare Jesus’ ‘words here about the two gates with God’s message to Israel through Moses as they prepared to enter Canaan, in Deuteronomy 30:15-20. 6. Read verses 21-23. a. What are some of the signs people might wrongly rely on to convince themselves they will enter God’s kingdom? List some of your own observations along with the ones in this passage. b. How can you be sure to follow the narrow way and enter the kingdom? swistuyfocamascn4% Seston8~ Questor: Mathew7: Choices inthe Kingdom Hearers v/s Doers: Matthew 7:24-29 7. Jesus likens those who hear and obey his words to a wise man who built his house upon the rock. What is the moral sense of his teaching? (By “moral sense,” we mean the moral instruction this passage holds for us. See Catechism 117). 8. How did the crowd respond to Jesus’ teaching? D. Application This question will help you apply one of the key themes ofthe lesson to your lif. After meditating on it, respond to God with a brief written prayer if you choose. Reflect fora moment on your own life and family. What kind of a spiritual foundation have youlaid, and how are you fortifying it? Ifyou feel as though your house is “built on sand,” what can you do to build a stronger foundation? Do you havea plan? Dear Lord, E, WRAP UP - Book 1: Announcement of the Kingdom How would you summarize Book 1, Jesus’ Announcement of the kingdom (Matthew 3-7)? BeksaatisconSesion 8Tokotes 47 Session 8 Talk Notes Matthew 7 - Choices in the Kingdom ‘A. Judging in Everyday Life (Matthew 7:1-6) 1. Jesus is the judge, we are not 2. Jesus targets moral climate of Scribes and Pharisees (see Matthew 5:20) 3. Difference between judging and walking in prudence a. Luke 6:37: judge not, condemn not, but forgive b. Tend to own failures first ¢. Offer fraternal correction with humility d. Exercise critical discernment (1 Thessalonians 5:21) €. Try to acquire the virtues you think your brother lacks (Augustine) 4. “Do not give dogs what is holy” (7:6) calls for discernment a. “Dogs"=gentiles, unbelievers b. Lay foundation of elementary teachings first B. Prayer (Matthew 7:7-11) 1. Problem—not eager enough to ask for the right things (James 4:3) a. Askin faith, not double-minded (James 1: 5-8) i. Catechism 2609: pray in filial adherence to God fi, Catechism 2610: pray in filial boldness 2. God is concerned about everyday things—Mary at Cana a. Relate to God as Father, not Master €. Golden Rule (Matthew 7:12) 1, Summary of the Law 2. Underneath this moral lesson is the love of heavenly Father oinrctoscom48. Sesion lk Naes D. TwoWaysto Live (Matthew 7:13-23) L 2. 3 Catechism 1970: law of Gospel requires choice between two ways Wide gate=destruction, narrow gate=life Beware of false prophets a. Know them by their fruits Road signs on the way: a. Make sure you get through the gate i. Moses and the two ways? (life/death, death/evil) ii, Catechism 1696: importance of moral decisions b. Watch for people who lead you off track (“false prophets”) i, OT test: do words come to pass? Look for fruit E, True Obedience (Matthew 7:24-29) L. 2. Jesus taught as one with authority ‘True obedience to Jesus gives a strong foundation (house on rock) a. Shema (Deuteronomy 6:4)—hearing is doing b. Solomon built his house on rock i. 1 Kings 3:10-12: wisdom ii, 1 Kings 8:27: Temple . Enduring house: our soul grounded in Christ (1 Corinthians 3:11-15) d. Paul to Timothy: lay up a good foundation e. Herod’ Temple not built on rock of Christ, fell ap 70 Jesus’ house (the Church) built on the rock of Peter (see Matthew 16) a. Daniel 7: the kingdom that will last forever James 2:14-26: show faith by works “Deuteronomy 3015.20 ShiuSession 9- Questions| \/[ATTHEW Matthew 8: The King’s Power Demonstrated | ric king and His Kingdom Prologue Book 2 oa [az om rn Birthof | Announcement | Establishment | The Kinglom | Trnsferof | Announcement | Vidor of te King | of te Kingiom | ofthe Kingdom | Defined | the Kingda’ | ofthe End of te | the King ‘Authoriy | “Old Kingdon B] Mc12 | M34 | meso | Mei-12 | Me1¢47 | me. 19-23 | Me. 26-28 5 tous’ ancestry | John te Bape | Mice; | jens | thas mins; | Bvows and | Passion Sees) coo, | ae eves ae ee 5 ministry |_theTweie | generation “Teche ules g) Mt. 5-7 Mt. 10 Mt. 13 ‘Mt. 18 | Mt. 24-25 Sernonen | Misionary | Kingdom | Lifeinthe | Ofer Dizoure Fleer seen eae eid ie eaeae Ora z community | Jerusalon) A. Review the Context First John the Baptist and then Jesus came announcing the kingdom of God. Then like a “new Moses,” Jesus ascended a mountainside to proclaim the “new law” of this kingdom in his Sermon on the Mount. This new Jaw fulfills the old, illuminating its purpose and intent and showing how true righteousness flows from a heart turned toward the heavenly father. Jesus finished with an echo of Moses’ plea to choose life via the narrow way into the kingdom. B. Read the Story Carefully read Matthew 8, Ask yourself the questions: Who? What? When? Where? How? Why? When the narrative follows Jesus’ movements from town to town, follow along on the map that was included in Session 1, Introduction, Av always, pray before you read. C. Take a Deeper Look Answering these questions will draw you into the heart of the story. If you don’t understand something, ‘make a note of t to bring up in the discussion, Jesus’ Miracles: Matthew 8 1. Inthe New Testament, the miracles of Jesus are most often called dynameis, or “powers.” The focus is not on Jesus as a miracle worker but on Jesus in whom the power of God is made manifest on earth. How and over what does Jesus demonstrate his divine power in Matthew 8? bless cr50 Seslo9~ Question: Matthew The Kings Power Denonsated Jesus Cleanses the Leper: Matthew 8:1-4 2. a. Under the old law, anyone with leprosy was isolated from the community. Not only could they not interact with people who were “clean,” they were denied access to the Temple for worship. They lived outside the camp and if anyone came near, they had to call “Unclean! Unclean!” so no one would touch them and become defiled themselves. Given this background, what was remarkable about the way Jesus cleansed the leper, and why? b. Think about it: The Church distinguishes between literal and spiritual “senses” of Scripture, which taken together add richness to our understanding, The literal sense is the intended meaning of the text; the spiritual senses are based on the literal sense and come from the way the text points to or is a sign of a deeper reality. These spiritual senses can be allegorical, by pointing to Christ; moral, by speaking to the way we ought to act; or anagogical, or pointing to our eternal destiny. Can you see a spiritual sense behind leprosy in general, or something in the Church that Christ’s healing of the leper points to? The Centurion’s Servant: Matthew 8:5-13 Note: All gentiles were by definition “sinners” simply because they did not adhere to Jewish law. When the centurion says he is not worthy to have Jesus come under his roof, this is not false humility but an acknowledgement that Jesus would become ceremonially defiled were he to enter his house. 3. a. Jesus praises the Roman centurion for his faith. What qualities of true faith do you see in the words and actions of the centurion? b. What made this gentile fit for heaven, which some “sons of the kingdom” lack? 4, Inthewords of the centurion, you may recognize familiar words from the Mass: “Lord Iam not worthy to receive you. Only say the word and I shall be healed” is taken from this account. What does this story add to your understanding of what you are saying at that point? NoisewifabotecmSesion Quesons Matthew The Kings Power Demonstrated 51 The Cost of Discipleship: Matthew 8:18-22 5, Matthew 8:18-22 gives us a picture of two potential followers of Jesus. Of what, can we assume from Jesus’ replies, are they unwilling to let go? 6. Think about it: Read verses 18-22 along with 1 Kings 19:19-21. Why do you suppose Jesus tells the disciple to “leave the dead to bury their own dead,” while Elijah permits Elisha to take leave of his family? Jesus Calms the Storm: Matthew 8:23-27 7. a, Jesus calls the disciples who are with him in the boat “men oflittle faith.” They had enough faith to go to him for help; what did they lack? b. How might they have acted differently, with stronger faith? The Gadarene Demoniacs: Matthew 8:28-34 8, What questions do the demon-possessed men address to Jesus? What do these questions reveal that they know about him, without being told? Question ‘What it Reveals —— | AbiswiyCatacm52 Sesion9~Quesions: Mathew :The ings Power Demonstrated 9. Thinkabout it: What do the leper, the centurion, and the demoniacs have in common? Istherea reason these are among the first people Jesus reached out to, in Matthew's account? D. Application ‘This question will help you apply one of the key themes ofthe lesson to your life After meditating on it, respond to God with a brief written prayer if you choose. Are you experiencing a storm in your life? Ifso, are you frantic, crying out for help lest you drown—or are your eyes on the One who can save you? Prayerfully re-read Matthew 8, asking God to give you greater insight into who Jesus is and the power and control that he has over everything, Ask also for faith. Are there examples in this reading that can give you strength? Dear Lord, BuSwiyoratoscnSesion Talttes 53 Session 9 Talk Notes Matthew 8 - The King’s Power Demonstrated A. Introduction to the Second Narrative in Matthew 1. Chapters 8 and 9 show the power of the kingdom 2, Ten miracles—power over sickness, demons, nature, death B. Cleansing the Leper (Matthew 8:1-4) 1, Old covenant view (“clean, unclean”)—separation important to holiness b. « Sin was the superior power Pharisee=parush, holiness by separation God had to separate Israel to save them Leprosy identified with sin Home a small temple (mikdash me-at) so act at home as at TemplePharisaical pride in being separate i. Pride as disordered self-trust, self-reliance (St. Thomas) 2, New covenant view: for Jesus, holiness is mercy a. b. © Healing of the Centurions Servant (Matthew Lenience is not mercy Sickness or accident can be God's mercy Leprosy a sign of mortal sin, which cuts off relationship with God and covenant community (St. Augustine, moral sense) In healing the leper, Jesus reconciles him to community Leper changes, Jesus does not God is the same yesterday, today, and forever (Hebrews 13:8) 13) 1. Centurion demonstrates faith in Christ. Right understanding of the nature of God's kingdom/Jesus’ authority 2. “Only say the word...” (vs. 8): at Mass before receiving Eucharist a b. ‘Through words of priest, Christ made present (transubstantiation) Eucharist brings healing, forgiveness of venial sin 3. To “sit at table” alludes to messianic feast (Isaiah 25:6-9) stercatotscomse E G Sein STAR Hes a. Hints at universal spread of Gospel i. Promise of worldwide blessing (made to Abraham, Genesis 12) 4, Centurion’s servant represents restoration of gentiles Healing of Peter’s Mother-in-Law (Matthew 8:14-17) 1, Jesus restores and heals so people can serve 2. “He bore our diseases” fulfils Isaiah 53 (suffering servant) 3. The only healing initiated by Jesus Jesusas“the Son of Man" (Matthew 8:18-22) 1. “Son of man” title (vs. 20) a. Used by Jesus more than any other title for himself b. Hints (Heremez) at Daniel 7:13-14 ©. Highest title for Messiah in the first century 4. Daniel 7-8: Babylon, Persia, Greece, Rome followed by eternal kingdom/the Son of Man ¢. Implication: Jesus is the Messiah £ Jesus responds directly to this title under oath to Caiaphas (Matthew 26) 2. “Leave the dead to bury their own dead” (vs. 22) a. Read Scripture in unity of text—honor your father b. Burying a loved one took precedence even over daily prayer ¢. Hyperbole: his kingdom takes precedence over all Jesus’ Power Over Nature (Matthew 8:23-27) 1. Evokes story of Jonah. Jesus’ Power over Demons (Matthew 8: 28-34) 1. Gadarene district—mostly gentile 2, OT: beasts rise from the sea (ex. Daniel 7:1-3) 3. Jesus demonstrates power and authority over the beasts/nations Jesus demonstrates his power and gives us power seiswivoCatacanSession 10- Questions| \{ ATTHEW Matthew 9: New Wine, New Wineskins | ric king and itis Kingdom Carr Crm Birteof | Announcement | Estabisiment | The Kingdom | Transfer of | Announcement | Vicory of the King | ofthe Kingdom | ofthe Kingdom | Defined | the Kingdom's | ofthe End of the | the King | ‘Authority | Old Kingdom Mt. 1-2 | Mt3-4 | Mt.8-9 | Me.11-12 | Mr. 1417 | Mt. 19-23 | Mr. 26-28 ess ancestry | Jo te Baptist | Miracle eux | Tak eminity;| Events and | Passion ad infancy” | and Jes’ early | commisoning | coyfoms amet | tsucing te | teaching ie Week ministry the Twelve generation Taek Judea gl) mes7 | mew | meas | meas | mt 24-25 3] Sermonon | Misionary | Kingdom | Len the | Olver Dicoune 8] thetoun | instructions | Parbis | — Chrisian | Gudgmenton 2 commnity | _ Jerusalem) A, Review the Context Matthew 9 continues the narrative portion of Book 2, “The Establishment of the Kingdom,” which began with a series of miracles. These were tangible demonstrations of Jesus’ power over the things that sin has brought into the world and which separate us from God: illness and impurity; isolation; demon possession. In the Sermon on the Mount, Jesus announced who would be part of the kingdom. Here he demonstrates the power that will enable them to enter and begins to usher them in. By reaching out first to those excluded from the communityby the old law, Jesus effectively opened the door to the kingdom to gentiles and offered cleansing and inclusion to all those with faith. By doing so, he was radically reinterpreting who belongs to the kingdom even ashe ushered in those who previously had no part in it. B, Read the Story Carefully read Matthew 9. Ask yourself the questions: Who? What? When? Where? How? Why? (As always, pray beforeyou read. C. Take a Deeper Look Answering these questions will draw you into the heart of the story. Ifyou don't understand something, make a note of it to bring up in the discussion. Jesus Heals a Paralytic (Matthew 9:1-8) Note: “his own city” in verse 1 refers to Capernaum in Galilee, Find it on the map provided in Lesson 1, Introduction, if you don't remember where itis. 1, Atthe end of Matthew 7, we read that the crowds were astonished at the authority with which Jesus taught. Now the religious authorities are calling into question the authority with which he acts. a. Why did the scribes, who were experts in Mosaic law, believe Jesus was blaspheming? (For help Suisun56. Session 10~ Questions: Mathew New Wine, New Wnestns with this question, see Isaiah 43: 5 Mark 2:7; Leviticus 17:11) b. What did Jesus demonstrate to the scribes, and how? c. Whose faith was responsible for Jesus healing the paralytic and forgiving his sins? d. Can we, in faith, bring the sick before God for healing today? Read James 5:14-15. 2. Think about it: The Catechism tells us “Itis the experience of Israel that illness is mysteriously linked to sin and evil, and that faithfulness to God according to his law restores life” (No. 1502). Itis easy to see how the Jewish leaders, focused on attaining holiness and righteousness and life through strict adherence to the law and avoiding everything unclean, might take the obverse as true and look upon the ill as sinners and outcasts. How does Jesus begin to change this thinking? Jesus Calls Matthew (Matthew 9:9-13) 3, The Pharisees object when Jesus and his disciples eat with tax collectors and sinners. Explain what Jesus means when he makes the following three replies (Matthew 9:12-13): a. "Those who are well have no need of a physician, but those who are sick.” b. “Go and learn what this means, ‘I desire mercy, and not sacrifice.” Note: this is a quote from Hosea 6:6. For deeper understanding (optional): It will help you to know something of Hosed’s message in general. Read this verse in the context of several chapters, or read ‘your Bibles introduction to Hosea if there is one. BuSforatolsconSesion 10 Questions: Matthews: New in, Hen Vinestins 57 €. “Tcame not to call the righteous, but sinners.” 4, Matthew told how Jesus called his first four disciples in chapter 4; the rest he names in chapter 10, Why do you think he may have highlighted his own calling not at the beginning but in this later chapter, in the context of accounts of Jesus’ healings? A Question of Fasting (Matthew 9:14-17) 5, a. A second criticism is aimed at Jesus by the disciples of John: Why do we and the Pharisees fast, but your disciples do not fast?” (verse 14). What is the answer, according to Jesus? b. Jesus’ words to his disciples about new wine and old wineskins (in verses 16-17) can be applied equally to the Pharisees in verses 10-13. What is he teaching them? More Healings (Matthew 9:18-34) 6. a. What was necessary for the woman with the hemorrhage to do to be healed? b. When Jesus healed the mute demoniac (verses 32-34), how do you account for the difference between the reaction of the Pharisees and that of the crowd? ©. What would be your reaction, if you heard of such a miracle today? aisiaaoscom58. Sesion 10— Questions: Matt New Wing Me Wines 7. ‘Thinkabout it: Jesusisnot the only man in the Bible who did miracles. Moses performed many miracles inhis day; so did Elisha and others. Yet the people marvel athis healings: “Never was anything like this seen in Israel,” they say (verse 33). What stands out about Jesus’ miracles that makes him so different? ‘The Harvest and Laborers (Matthew 9:35-38) 8. a. After the Southern Kingdom of Judah went into exile, the prophet Ezekiel blasted the “shepherds of Israel” who had failed to care for the sheep, God's people. “So they were scattered, because there ‘was no shepherd; and they became food for all the wild beasts” (Ezekiel 34:5). Even though the people have returned physically from exile, how can you tell from this passage in Matthew that Jesus sees them in the same situation in his day? b. God continues in Ezekiel 34, “I, [myself will search for my sheep, and will seek them out” (verse 11). “And I will set up over them one shepherd, my servant David, and he shall feed them: he shall feed them and be their shepherd” (verse 23). Who is this “servant David” who will be their shepherd? 9, In Matthew9, how does Jesus respond to the needs of these “harassed and helpless,” shepherd-less sheep? D. Application This question will help you apply one of the key themes ofthe lesson to your life. After meditating on it, respond to God with a brief written prayer if you choose. ‘The Pharisees turned something that was meant to protect them from their own weakness—separation from all that was sinful or unclean—into the goal by which they measured their strength. Are there ways in which youare tempted to make the same mistake? Are there people you avoid or look down on, not wanting to risk association, when you should be offering healing or showing mercy? How can you be sure you are salt and light in the world, and not isolating yourself inside a tower of your own “righteousness”? Dear Lord, BunsueoadisconSession 1OTakHotes 59 Session 10 Talk Notes Matthew 9 + New Wine, New Wineskins Continuation of 10 Miracle Stories in Second Discourse (Matthew 8-9) L 2 Jesus’ power over death Christians share in the power of the kingdom to do Jesus’ work Healing of the Paralyticand Forgiveness of Sin (Matthew 9:1-8) 1 2. 3. 9. “They” bring the man to Christ—cooperation of the family of God Jesus images the Father by forgiving (Jews believed only God could forgive) OT—sickness often associated with sin (see Isaiah 33:24, Psalm 107:17) God's power shown not just in healing but in our weakness Physical a sign of the spiritual ‘Common theme of chapter 9: rising, resurrection ‘Vs. 8: God has given authority to a man (Jesus) to forgive John 20:23; Matthew 18:18—basis for sacrament of reconciliation a. Catechism 1441: Jesus gives his divine authority to men, to exercise in his name b. Catechism 1444: God gives authority to reconcile sinners to the Church Jesus will take on sins of the world and “rise” The Calling of Matthew (Matthew 9:9-13) 1s 2 Matthew/Levi “rose” and followed Jesus a. Tax collector is unclean (works with gentiles) ‘Contrast between Jesus and Pharisees as “physicians” a. Jesus touches, Pharisees cannot b. Jesus quotes Hosea 6:6 i. God desires mercy, not sacrifice ii, Context: restoration of Israel, Judah, and gentiles Pharisees see selves as holy (kadosh) because separate (parush) 4. To Jesus, holiness is not separateness but showing mercy Fasting and Wineskins (Matthew 9:14-17) cs ‘Why fast in presence of Bridegroom? a. OT God as Bridegroom (husband) aswfrtoescom@ ER G Sesion Te ates i. Isaiah 54:5, Jeremiah 3:20, Hosea 2:16-19 b. Recall senses of Scripture in Catechism 111-117 i. Literal sense—fast when Bridegroom not present fi, Moral sense—break fast before Mass when Bridegroom comes in Communion Old and new wineskins a. Old wineskin=old covenant; new wineskin=new covenant b. Allegorical sense—Jesus the new wineskin Moral sense—we are new, born again in Christ 4d. New covenant predicted in Jeremiah 31-33 €. Old covenant will wear out like a garment (Psalm 102:26) Healing of Woman with Hemorrhage (Matthew 9:18-22) 1 Unclean woman touches fringe of Jesus’ garment a. Prayer shawl tallit, sign of the coming of God's word b, allt katan—four corners (wings) with tassels—tittzit i. Tassels commanded (Numbers 15:38, Deuteronomy 22:11-12) ii, Reflection of 613 commandments Jews thought fzittzit of Messiah would have healing power d. Malachi 4:2 (Chapter 3 in New American Bible)—healing in wings ©. Pharisees extend tassels and enlarge phylacteries* to show piety Other Healings (Matthew 9:23-34) L 2. 3, Dead girl “arises.” blind men healed, demon cast from a mute man “See that no one knows it” (vs. 30) a. Sermon on the Mount: do for the Father, not publicly b. Knows people will try to make Jesus an earthly king. ‘Turning point healing of demoniac (vss. 32-34): leadership comes against Jesus ‘The Harvest and the Shepherd (Matthew 9: 35-38) L 2. a Jesus comes as Shepherd, physician, to do what Pharisees failed to do Luke 19:10—the Son of Man has come to seek and to save the lost a, Hekesh=bang two things together (teaching method) i. Daniel 7:13-14: The Son of Man will come, have dominion ii, Ezekiel 34: Shepherds have failed to feed the people so God will come to seek and save the lost Church does not take the place of the old (supersessionism) but fulfils it {Phylacteries were small leather boxes Jews wore on their heads and arms during prayer to remind of God's word (see Deuteronomy 6). ksiSession 11 - Questions| \ATTHEW Matthew 10: Jesus Commissions the Twelve | ric king and itis Kingdom Corts Ca oe cm az] oa rn | Birther | Announcement Esabshment | The Kingdom | Transfer of | Annowncement | —Vicwry of | the King | ofthe Kingdom ofthe Kingion | Deed” | she Ringlons. | ofthe Endofhe | sh king | | ‘Authority | Old Kingion fee | mes | mess | Metta | me wa | me 19-25 | 26-28 | | ou enasry | Jobn the Bape | Miracle “esus | Tals eins] Eats and | Pasion | andingony | andes’ carty | commasioing | cnfons ax evil | inarucnghe | taking in Werk 3 sinisry | the Taeoe™ | generation Tone dudes 3) Mt.s—7 Mt. 10 Mt. 13 Mt. 18 | Mt. 24-25 3] Sermonon | Musionary | Kingdom | Lifin she | Oliver Dicurve B) thettount | instractions | Paras | Christin | Gudgnent on 3 community | “Jerualen) A. Review the Context In chapters 8 and 9, Matthew recorded 10 miracles of Jesus that demonstrate the power needed to live the new law given in the Sermon on the Mount. The new life that he brings has power over sickness, over the elements, over demons and even over death. He is establishing the kingdom of God in this power and using ito restore outsiders and to fling open the doors to all who have faith. Jesus also finished calling twelve apostles to follow him. Calling attention to the “sheep without a shepherd” around them, he charged them to pray that the Lord will send laborers into the harvest. The stage is set for Jesus’ second discourse, in which Jesus will extend the kingdom by sending out the Twelve as missionary laborers. B. Read the Story Carefully read Matthew 10, Ask yourself the questions: Who? What? When? Where? How? Why? As always, pray before you read. C. Take a Deeper Look Answering these questions will draw you into the heart of the story. If you don't understand something, make a note of it to bring up in the discussion, Jesus Gives His Disciples Authority: Matthew 10:1-4 Note: The word “apostle” comes from the Greek apostello—to send forth with a commission. It was used for personal representatives ofthe king; ambassadors who functioned with the king’s authority. This is the spirit in which we see Jesus commissioning his disciples and giving them authority and power to carry out his work on his behalf oiswiyoratoscin