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S.S.L.C.
SOCIAL SCIENCE STUDY MATERIAL

CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER
1) Germany and Italy became unified countries in
a) 1870 b)1872 c) 1780 d) 1782 Ans : a
2) A great demand for the raw materials was created by
a) Industrial Revolution c) French Revolution
b) IT Revolution d)Agrarian Revolution Ans :
a
3) The policy of imperialism followed by the Europen countries from 1870-1945
was known as
a) Neo-imperialism c) new imperialism
b) Political imperialism d)Military imperialism Ans:
c
4) The moment of goods was speeded up by the development of
a) Railways b) Roadways c) Airways d) Waterways Ans
:a
5) The ‘Sphere of influence’ was apoted by the European countries in
a) Japan b) china c) India D) Burma Ans: [b]
6) The English East india company was formed in
a) 1600 b)1664 c) 1644 d) 1700 Ans:
[a]
7) The French East india company was established by
a) Louis XIV b) Colbert c) Louis XVI d) De Brazza Ans :
[b]
8) The Mughal emperor who gave permission to English east india company to set
up trading post at Surat
a) Shahjahan b) Jahangir c) Aurangazeb d) Hunmayun
Ans:[b]
9) The Republic of china was established under
a) Dr.Sun yet Sen b) Chou-en-Lai c)Mao Tse Tung d) Chiang kai
sneik Ans : [a]
LESSON-2
1) Germany alone was competent to rule the whole world said by
a) Bismarck b) Kaiser William II c) Hitler d) Mussolini
Ans:[b]
2) Kaiser William II stationed a fleet at
a) Heigoland b) Aaland c) Hitler d) Ireland Ana: [a]
3) France wanted to get back
a) Alsace and Lorraine c) Bosnia and Herzegovina
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b) Austria and Hungary d) Estonia and Latvia Ans
:[a]
4) Austrian crown prince was
a) Francis Ferdinand c) Francis de Lesseps
b) Francis Duke d) Francis Baycon Ans :[a]
5) Austria declared war on Serbia on
a) 28th july 1914 c) 28th march 1914
b) 28th June 1914 d) 28th August 1914 Ans:[a]
6) Germany invaded finance by crossing
a) Nether land b) Luxembung c) Rhineland d) Belgium Ans:[d]
7) The Famous American Merchant ship sunk by Germany
a) Luftwaffe b) Royal c) Lusitania d) Berlin Ans:[c]
8) In Russia the Czarist government was over thrown by
a) Lenin b) Karl Mark c) Martov d) Stalin Ans:[a]
9) German battle crusier was destroyed in the battle of
a) Jutland b) Dogger bank c) North sea d) Baltic sea
Ans:[b]
10) The first world war came to an and by the
a)London peace conference c)Berlin peace conference
b) Rome peace conference d) paris peace conference Ans :[d
11) The League of Nations was officially founded in
a) March 7,1993 c)Jan 20,1920
b)May 2nd 1928 d) Jan 20,1924 Ans:[c]
LESSON-3
1) The great Economic Depression began in
a) England b) U.S.A c) France d) Germany
Ans:[b]
2) In 1929,the American President was
a) Theodore Roosevelt c) Herbert Hoover
b) Woodrow Wilson d) F.D Roosevelt Ans:[c]
3) The greatest craze in America was
a) Trade b) Gambling c) cinema d) Share market Ans:[d]
4) There was normal economic activities in the USA by
a) 1930 b)1940 c) 1950 d)1945 Ans:[b]
LESSON-4
1) The Founder of the fascist party was

a) Adolf Hitler b) Benito Mussolini c) stalin d) lenin
Ans:[b]
2) Mussolini provided a
a) Democratic Government c) Stable Government
b) communist Government d) Republican Government Ans :[c]
3) Mussolini made common cause with
a) Churchil b)Hitler c) Stalin d) Lenin
Ans:[b]
4) Mussolini left the League of nations in
a) 1931 b)1932 c) 1935 d)1937 Ans:[d]
LESSON-5
1) The Allied armies occupied the resources rich

a) Rhineland b) Sudetenland c)Green Land d) Finland
Ans:[a]
2) For some time Hitler was a
a) Painter b) Tailor c) Teacher d) Banker Ans:[a]
3) In 1941,Hitler invaded
a) Russia b) France c) Prussia d) Persia Ans:[a]
4) The Allies were Strengthened by the entry of
a) Austria b) America c) Finland d) Poland Ans:[b]
LESSON-6
1) This treaty contained the seeds of the second world war

a) Treaty of Versailles c)Treaty of London
b) Treaty of rome d) Treaty of Aix-la-chappale
Ans:[a]
2) The coal mines given to france were
a) Jharia b) Saar c) Bokaro d) Raniganj
Ans:[b]
3) The country emerged as aworld power after the first world war was
a) China b) Japan c) India d) Korea Ans:[b]
4) The Principles of war and conquests was glorified by
a) Moderates b)Extremists c) Dictators d) Reformaers
Ans:[c]
5) Blitzkrieg means a
a) Lightening war c) sub maraine warfare
b) Trench warfare d) Guerilla warfare Ans:[a]
6) The British Prime minister during the second world war was
a) Sir Winston churchil c) Margaret Thatcher
b) Clement Atlee d) Lloyd George
Ans:[a]
LESSON-7
The UNO was established in
a)1955 b)1945 c)1965 d) 1975 Ans:[b]

2) The UN charter was signed at
a) New York b) Geneva c) san Francisco d)California
Ans:[c]
3) The seat of international court of justice is at
a) The Hague b) Berlin c) Rome d) Tokyo Ans:[a]
4) The united nations celebrated its 50th Anniversary in
a) 1985 b) 2005 c)1995 d) 1975 Ans:[c]
LESSON-8
1) The Council of the European union is sometimes referred to as the
a) council of traders c) council of consumers
b) council of consumers d)council of ministers Ans:[d]
2) The first permanent president of the European council is
a) Ramsay Mac Donald c)Mrs.Vijaya lakshmi pandit
b) Herman Van Rampay d) Bismark
Ans:[b]
3) Euro zones monetary policy is governed by
a) European central bank c)State bank
b) Reserve Bank d) Swiz Bank Ans:[a]
4) The name of the single European currency
a) Dollar b) Yen c) Euro d) Pounds Ans:[c]
5) The EU has establishe a strong relationship with the
a) USA b) USSR c)UNO d) UAE
Ans:[c]
LESSON -9
1) The british historials call the revolt of 1857 as

a) Military Revolt c)War of independence
b) The great revolt d) freedom Struggle Ans:[a]
2) Indian historians describe the revolt of 1857 as
a) Sepoy Mutiny c) First War of Indian independence
b) The great revolt d) Millitary revolt
Ans:c]
3) During the great revolt of 1857 the governer general of india was
a) Lord lytton b) Lord Ripon c) lord canning d) Lord Wellesley
Ans:[c]
4) General services enlistment act was passed in
a)1856 b) 1865 c) 1586 d) 1685 Ans:[a]
5) The First sign of unrest appeared at
a) Meerut b) Barrackpore c)Barailley d) Kanpur
Ans:[b]
6) The Sepoys broke out into open revolt at
a) Meerut b) Barrackpore c)Barailley d) Kanpur
Ans:[a]
7) The wife of Nawab of oudh was
a) Mumtaj Mahal c) Begum Hazarat Mahal
b)Fathima Begum d) Sultana Razia
Ans:[c]
LESSON-10
1) The pioneer of the reform movement was
a) Raja Rammohan Roy c)Keshab Chandra sen
b) Swami Dayanandha Saraswathi d) Devendranath Tagore
Ans:[a]
2) Swami Dayanandha saraswathi started the
a) Brahma Samaj c)prathawa Sawaj
b) Arya Samaj d)Aligarh movement
Ans:[b]
3) The headquarters of the rama krishna mission is at
a) Kanchipuram b) Belur c) melur d) hampi
Ans:[b]
4) Vallalar’s devotional songs are complied in a volume called
a) Devaram b) Thiruvasagam c) Ettuthogai d) Thiru Arutpa
Ans:[d]
5) Sir Syed Ahamed Khan started the
a) Aligarh Movement c)Samarasa Sudha sanmarka sangam
b) Thosophical Society d)Muslim League
Ans:[a]
6) A great Socialist reformed from kerala is
a)Sree Narayana Guru c)Guru nanak
b)Guru Prasad d)Guru Sai Ans:[a]
LESSON-11
1) The unification of the country was brought by the British
a)Imperialism b) Politics c)Conquests d) Negotiations Ans:[a]
2) The language of the educated Indians was
a) French b) English c) Hindi d) Bengali
Ans:[b]
3) Open Split in the congress occurred in the sessions held at
a) Surat b) Lahore c) Tripura d) Madras
Ans:[a]
4) Home rule League in Bombay was formed by
a) Nehru b) Mrs. Annie Besant c) Tilak d) Bharathiyar
Ans:[c]
LESSON-12
1) Gandhiji advocated a new technique in our freedom struggle
a)Sathyagraha b) Glasnost c)Long March d) violence
Ans:[a]
2) C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru formed the party
a) Khadar b) DMK c) Swaraj d) Akalidal
Ans:[c]
3) To Form the interim Government Nehru Sought the help of
a) Abul Kalam Azad c)salimullahkhan
b) Jinnah d)khan abdul ghaffarkhan
Ans:[b]
4) First and last Indian Governor General of india is
a) Lord Mount Battern c) c.Rajagopalachari
b) Nehru d)kamaraj
Ans:[c]
5) The task of unifying Indian states was undertaken by
a) DR.B.R. Ambedkhar c) Rajaiji
b) Rajendraprasad d) Sardar vallabhbai patel Ans:[d]
6) First president of india is
a) Dr. Rajendra Prasad c) Dr.Radha Krishnan
b) Gandhiji d)Sathyamoorthy Ans:[a]
LESSON-13
1) Indian Soliders were instigated by the sons of
a) Hyder Ali b) Tipu Sultan c) Shivaji d) Shajahan
Ans:[b]
2) The First Organization in the madras presidency to agitate for the
rights of people was the
a) Indian National congress c)Swarajya party
b) Muslim League d)Madras Native Association
Ans:[d]
3) The first president of the madras mahajana sabha was
a) P.Rangaiah Naidu c)Kamaraj
b) Rajaji d)Bharathiyar Ans:[a]
4) At Vedaranyam the salt law was broken by
a) T.S.Rajam c)Rajagopalachari
b) Bakthavachalma d)Vidhan Sabha Ans:[c]
5) The head quarters of Tamil nadu congress committee is namred as
a) Raj bhavan c) Sathyanmurthi Bhavan
B) Rashtra pathi Bavan d)Vidhan Sabha Ans:[c]
6) Kamaraj Served as the chief minister of Tamil nadu for
a) 9 years b)8 years c)10 years d) 7 years Ans :[a]
7) Kamaraj was famous for policy
a) ‘s’plan b) ‘l’plan c) ‘k’plan d) ‘j’plan Ans:[c]
LESSON-14
1) The Greatest social reformer of Tamil nadu
a)E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker b)Nehru C)Gandhiji d) Raja rammohamn ray
Ans:[a]
2) Vaikam is a place in
a) Tamil nadu b) Andhra Pradesh c) Karnataka d) kerala
Ans:[d]
3) Due to Dr. Muthulakshmi’s good efforts the cancer institute was started at
a) Anna Nagar b) chengalpet c) kanjeepuram d) Adayar
Ans:[d]
4) All india women conference was organized at
a) pune b)Bombay c) Thane d) Satara -
Ans:[a]
5) Dr. Muthu lakshmi Reddy Strated an Orphanage known as
a) Anbu illam b) Saraswathi illam c) avvai illam d) lakshmi illam
Ans:[c]
6) Dr. S. Dhamambal started an agitation for the cause of tamil teachers called
a) Nalla varam b) hindi varam c) Tamil varam d)Elavu varam
Ans:[d]
CIVICS
LESSON-1
1) India is a country with an unbounded faith in
a) War b) peace c) Love d) Enemity Ans:[b]
2) PT. Jawaharlal Nehru’s five principles of peace are named as
a)Swadeshi b) New Deal c) Panha sheel d) Apartheid
Ans:[c]
3) Nuclear Test Ban Treaty was singed in
a) 1963 b)1993 c)1936 d)1998 -
Ans:[a]
4) India brought a resolution in the UN general assembly in favour of
disarmament in
a) 1965 b)1956 c)1995 d)1976 Ans:[b]
5) Apartheid was abolished in
a) 1990 b)1991 c)1890 d)1989 Ans:[a]
6) The first secretary general of SAARC was
a) Jinnah b) Ashan c) Kofi annan d) Gandhiji
Ans:[b]
LESSON-2
1) The most popular form of government in modern days
a) Monarchy b) oligarchy c) Democracy D) Hirarchy
Ans:[c]
2) Direct democracy existed in ancient
a) Greece b) Italy c) Sardinia d) Cyprus Ans:[a]
3) The opposition party leader will be given the status of a
a) cabinet minister c) minister of state
b) Deputy minister d)council of ministers Ans:[a]
4) To contest an election a person should be above the age of
a)20 b)18 c)25 d)35 Ans:[c]
5) the status of election commissioner is equivalent to that of the

a) High court judge c)district court judge
b)Supreme court judge d) Magistrate Ans:[b]
6) The election process in the state level is supervised by
a) Chief election commissioner c) Supreme court judge
b) Chief electoral officer d) high court judge
Ans:[b]
7) The election commission is situated at
a) Madras b) Mumbai c) Moradabad d) New delhi
Ans:[d]
LESSON-3
1) The ancient religion of our country is
a) Vedic religion b) Christianity c)Islam d) Zorastrianism
Ans:[a]
2) Recognised official languages of india
a)25 b)23 c)22 d)27 Ans:[c]
3) Language is the means of
a) Transport b)irrigation c) communication d)spirituality
Ans:[c]
4) Thembavani is related to
a) Hinduism b)Sikhism c) Christianity d)Islam
Ans:[c]
5) Buddha poorima is celebrated by the
a) hindus b)Muslims c) Jains d) Buddhist Ans:[d]
6) They play an important part in fostering unity and integration
a)Music and Dance c)Food and Customs
b)Art & Architectuer d)Dress and habits Ans:[a]
LESSON-4
1) A person one who gives final utility to a commodity is
a) Producer b)consumers c) shop keeper d) farmer
Ans:[b]
2) the customers are exploited by the
a)Carpenters b) farmers c)tailors d) traders Ans:[d]
3) The right to information act was passed by the parliament on
a)12th oct 2005 c)12th oct 2006
b)21st oct 2005 d)21st oct 2006
4) World consumer day is celebrated on
a) march 15 b)march 16 c) march 14 d)march11
Ans:[a]
5) the magnacarta of consumers
a) WHO b) COPRA c)EXNORA d)FAO
Ans:[b]
GEOGRAPHY
LESSON:1
1) The bay of Bengal is located to the of india
a) west b) south c) south-east d)south-west Ans:[c]
2) Palk Strait separates india from
a) Srilanka b) Myanmar c) Maldives d) Lakshadweep
Ans:[a]
3) The most centrally located meridian of india passes through
a) Ahmadabed b) Allahabad c)Hyderabad d) Auranghabad
Ans:[b]
4) the highest peak in india
a)Mt.Everest b)Mt.Godwin Austin c)Mt.Kanchanjunga d)Dhaulagiri
Ans:[b]
5) The Source of River Ganga
a) Yamonotri b)Siachen c)gangotri d) Karakoram
Ans:[c]
6) The Himalayas are known as
a) Abode of show b) volcano c) Shayadry d)himadri Ans:[a]
LESSON-2
1) India experiences
a) Temperate Climate c)Tropical Climate
b) Tpopical Monsoon climate d)cold climate Ans:[b]
2) The coastal areas enjoy climate
a) continentional b)Equable c)Humid d) hot
Ans:[b]
3) The place that gets rain from western disturbance is
a) Punjab b) Mumbai c) Allahabad d) Chennai
Ans:[a]
4) The mountains which lie parallel to the direction of the southwest monsoon
wind is
a) Aravali b) Satpura c) vindhya d)Maikala Range
Ans:[a]
5) The Local storms in the northeastern part of india during hot weathwe season
are called
a)Norwesters b)loo c)mango showers d) Monsoon Ans:[a]
LESSON-3
1) The soil found in the Arid Zone is Known as
a) Desert Soil b) Laterite soil c)Black soil d)Alluvial soil
Ans:[a]
2) The monsoon forest are otherwise called as
a) Tropical Evergreen forest c)mangrove
b) Deciduous forest d)mountain forest
Ans:[b]
3) Which one of the following mineral is contained in the monazite sand
a)oil b)uranium c)thorium d)coal Ans:[b]
LESSON-4
1) Rice is grown well in the
a) Black soil b)Laterite soil c) alluvial soil d) red soil
Ans:[c]
2) Tea and coffee crops are grown well on the
a) Moutain slopes b)plain c) coastal plain d)River valleys Ans:[a]
3) The crop that groups in drought well on the
a) Rice b) wheat c) jute d) millets Ans:[d]
4) cotton is a
a) food crop b) cash crop c)plantation crop d)dry crop
Ans:[b]
5) The Staple food crops are
a) rice and wheat b)coffee and tea c) cotton and jute d)fruits &vegetable
Ans:[a]
LESSON-5
1) cotton textile industry is
10
a) mineral based b) agro based c)forest based industry d)software
industryAns:[b]
2) Manchesester of india is
a)Delhi b) Chennai c) Mumbai d)kolkata Ans:[c]
3) Tata iron and steel industry is located at
a)Durgapur b)Bhilai c) Jamshedpur d)Burnpur Ans:[c]
4) chotta Nagpur plateau is noted for
a)natural vegetation c)Alluvial soil
b)mineral resource d)cotton cultivation Ans:[b]
5) The city Known as Electronic capital is
a) Kanpur b)Delhi c) Bangalore d) Madurai
Ans:[c]
LESSON-6
1) Natural nutrient enrichment of streams and lakes is
a)Water pollution c)Thermal power plants
b)eutrophication d)air pollution
Ans:[b]
2) The main cause for natural air pollution
a)Vehicular emission b)Volcanic eruption
c)thermal power plants d)water pollution
Ans:[a]
3) contamination of air is called
a)Noise pollution b)air pollution
c)land pollution d)water pollution
Ans:[b]
LESSON-7
1) Trade carried an within the domestic territory of a country is known as trade
a)External b)foreign c)internal d) international
Ans:[c]
2) Trade blocs are created to make the trade easier
a) Multi lateral b)bilateral c)unilateral d)local
Ans:[a]
3)cost efficient and most popular made of transport in our country is
a) Airways b) Roadways c)waterways d)railways
Ans:[b]
4) The headquters of Indian railways is
a) Mumbai b) Delhi c) Nagapur d)Chennai
Ans:[b]
5) The costliest and most modern means of transport is
a)Air transport b)road transport c)water transport d)rail transport
Ans:[a]
11
LESSON-8
1) Maps created by using aeril photographs are called maps
a) ortho photo b)Aerial photo c)physical d)political
Ans:[a]
2) The object under study is known as
a) Target b)source c) Sensor d) image
Ans:[a]
3) The device to detect the electro magnetic radition is
a) Target b) Sensor c)object d)camera
Ans:[b]
ECONOMICS
LESSON-1
1) National income is otherwise called
a)Real income b) money income
c)nominal income d)Gross national product
Ans:[d]
2) National income of a country can be calculated by
a) 2 methods b)3 methods c) 4 methods d)5 methods
Ans:[b]
3) Net national Product
a)GNP(-) Depreciation b)net domestic product(-)Depreciation
c)percapita income (-)Depreciation d)Grass domestic product(-)Depreciation
Ans:[a]
4) India’s percapita income is
a) 220 dollars b)950 dollars c)2930 dollars d)600 dollars
Ans:[b]
5) primary sector consist of
a) Trade b) construction c)Agriculture d) telecommunicatiom
Ans:[c]
6) National income is a measure of
a) Total value of money c)Total value of industrial products
b)total value of food grains d)Total value of goods &services
Ans:[d]
7) Expenditure method estimates national income from the
a) out put side b)income side c) expenditure side d)savings side
Ans:[c]
8) Income method sums all forms of
a)Expenditure b)income c)savings d) investment
Ans:[b]
9) percapita income is an indicator of
a) Richness of people c) living standard of people
12
b)poverty of people d)literacy of people
Ans:[c]
10) primary sector contribution to national income in india is
a) 15.8% b)25.8% c) 58.4% d)12.8%
Ans:[a]
LESSON-2
1) five year plan in india was borrowed from
a) soviet Russia c)united kingdom
b)united states of America d)united arab emirates
Ans:[a]
2) Eleventh five year plan period is
a)1956-1961 b)1997-2002 c)2002-2007 d)2007-2012
Ans:[d]
3) chairman of planning commission of india is
a)president of india b)prime minister of india
c)finance minister of india d)vice president of india
Ans:[b]
4) Planning commission of india was setup in the year
a) 1962 b)1950 c)1956 d)1949
Ans:[b]
5) Nehru decided that india would be a
a) mixed economy b)Socialist economy
c)capitalist economy d)money economy
Ans:[a]
6) Green revolution was introduced in the year
a)1967 b)1977 c)1987 d)1957
Ans:[a]
7)Bhoodan movement was started by
a) jayaprakash narayan b) Jawaharlal Nehru
C) Acharya vinobhabhave d)dr.rajendra Prasad
Ans:[c]
8) Which year has a special significance in Indian economy
a)1981 b)1991 c)2001 d)2010
Ans:[b]
9) The organization which is responsible for research and development in
the area of satellite and communication is
a)ICAR b)ICMR c)ISRO d)CSIR
Ans:[c]
10) As per 2011 census the literacy rate in India is
a)74.04% b)65.8% c) 66.8% d) 67.8%
Ans:[a]
13
LESSON :1
1)The Carnatic wars - Asia
2) Protectorate - China 5
3) Racial Discrimination - England 4
4) Island of Hong Kong - End of French influence 1
in India
5) International colony - France 2
- Imperialism
- Africa 3
LESSON:2 (A)
1 Clemenceau - Britain 3
2 Orlando - France 1
3 Lloyd - Germany 5
4 Woodrow Wilson - Austria
5 Kaiser William-11 - Russia
- America 4
- Italy 2
LESSON:2 (B)
1 Treaty of Versailles - Rumania
2 Treaty of Trinon - Turkey 4
3 Treaty of Neully - Italy
4 Treaty of Serveres - Hungary 2
5 Treaty of Germaine - Austria 5
- Germany 1
- Bulgaria 3
LESSON:3
1 Share Market - Banks and industries
Collapse
Economic - Loans
2 Depression
- License to stock
exchange
- Compensation to formers
- Speculation on borrowed 1
money
- Early 1930’s 2
LESSON:4
1 Duce - Secret police of Mussolini 3
2 Black shirts - 1922
3 Ovra - 1924
- Mussolini 1
- Mussolini’s Follower’s 2
- Slogan of Mussolini
- 1939
14
LESSON:5
1) Brown Shirts 1925 - Nazi Emblem 3
2) Fuhrer - My Sruggle 5
3) Swastika - Leader 2
4) Gestapo - Chancellor
5) Mein Kampf - Followers of Hitler 1
- Governor
- Hitler’s Secret Police 4
LESSON:6
1 Scorched Earth - Germany 2
Policy
2 Luftwaffe - England 3
3 Royal Air Force - China
4 Atlantic Charter - Russia 1
- F.D Roosevelt 4
- German Submarines
LESSON:7
1 Veto - Negative vote 1
2 Present Secretary - 1963
General of UNO
- 1969
- Head quarters of the
UNO
- Mr. Kofi Annan
- 1996
- Mr. Banki moon 2
LESSON:8
1 Merger Treaty - French Foreign Minister 3
2 EURO - Court of Auditors
3 Robert Schuman - 2002 2
4 Jean Monnet - Court of Justice
- French Politician 4
- 1967 1
2002
LESSON:9 (A)
1 Manghal Panday - Cawnpore
2 Bahadur Shah II - Luck now 3
3 Begum Hzarat Mahal - Central India 4
4 Rani Lakshmi - Arrah
- Barrackpore 1
- Oudh
Delhi 2
15
LESSON:9 (B)
1 Rani Lakshmi bai - Mughal Emperor 2
2 Bahadur Shah II - Colin Campbell 4
3 The great Revolt - Jhansi 1
4 Luck now - Magnacarta 5
5 Queen Victorial’s - 1856
proclamation
- 1854
1857 3
LESSON:10
1 Martin Luther of - Swami Dayanandha 1
hinduism Saraswathi
2 New India - Ramakrishna Mission
3 Vallalar - Mrs.Annie Besant 2
- Ramalinga Adigal 3
- Dr.Dharmambal
- Raja Rammohan Roy
LESSON:11
1 Swadeshi - Patriotic Writer
2 New India - Of one’s own country 1
3 Kesari - Bala Gangadhar tilak 3
- Religious and social
reformers
- Mrs.Annie Besant 2
- Young India
Bipin Chandra pal
LESSON:12(A)
1 Sardar VAllabhbai - Dutch territories
patel
2 DR.B.R. Ambedkhar - Drafting Committee 2
3 Lord Mount Battern - First Governor general of 3
free India
- Bismarck of India 1
- Portuguess Possession
- French Possession
British territories
LESSON:12(B)
1 Motilal Nehru - Uttar Pradesh 2
2 Chauri chaura - Swarajya Party 1
3 Lion Of Punjab - Khan Abdul Gaffer Khan 5
4 Communal Award - Lala Lajpat Rai 3
5 Frontier Gandhi - Ramsay Mac Donald 4
- Bhagat Singh
Muslim League
16
LESSON:13
1 Chanakya - Sepoy Mutiny
2 King Maker - Kamaraj 2
3 Sathya Murthi - Poondi Reservoir 3
- Vellore Munity
- Rajaji 1
- Periyar E.V.R
Madras Mahajana Sabha
LESSON:14
1 Justice - E.V.Rama swamy Periyar 2
2 Vaikam Hero - Dr.S.Dharmambal 4
3 Devadasi System - Moovular Ramamirtham
4 Veera Tamilannai - T.M. Nair 5
5 Justice Party - Sathya moorthy
- Dr.Muthu Lakshmi reddy 3
English News Paper 1
GEOGRAPHY
LESSON:1
1 Pilgrim Centre - Shayadri 3
2 Terai Plain - Vembanad 5
3 Western Ghats in - Deccan
Karnataka
4 Lava Plateau - Kedarnath 1
5 Largest Lake in - Marshyland 2
Kerala
- Chilca lake
Malwa 4
LESSON:2
1 Burst of Monsoon - December to February
2 Norwesters - October to November 3
3 The north east - Northern and norwestern
monsoon season part of India
4 Highest rainfall place - Local storms in northeast 2
India
- June to September 1
- Mawsynram in 4
cherrapunji
total involvement of local
people
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LESSON:3
1 Black Soil - Petroleum 5
2 Lignite - Cotton cultivation 1
3 Mangrove forest - A type of cool 2
4 Renewable resources - Sundarban 3
5 Non-Renewable - Sun 4
resources
LESSON:4
1 Wheat - West Bengal 5
2 Sugarcane - Kerala 4
3 Apple - Uttar Pradesh 2
4 Rubber - Punjab 1
5 jute - Himachal Pradesh 3
- Tamil nadu
- Karnataka
LESSON:5
1 Jute industry - Jamshedpur 4
2 cotton industry - Karnataka
3 Software industry - Mumbai 2
4 tata iron and steel - West Bengal 1
industry
5 sugar bowl of india - Chotta Nagpur region
- Bangalore 3
- Uttar Pradesh and bihar 5
LESSON:6
1 Village Roads - Delhi 3
2 Southern Railways - Mumbai
3 Northern Railways - Chennai 2
- (village)Panchayat 1
- Municipalities
- corporations
- Hyderabad
LESSON:7
1 Ground Survey - USA 4
2 Remote Sensing - Many Months 1
3 Hot air Balbon - Systematic aerial images
4 TIROS - French Map makers 3
- Short span of 2
timGeogrphical
information system
- global positioning system
-
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CAPTION
1.casues for the rise of imperialism:
a) What became the fashion of the later part of the 19th century?
Imperialism
b)What was thw white man’s burden?
To Civilize the back ward and uncivilized native people of Africa and asia
c)Why were the European nations forced to acquire new colonies?
To achieve balance with their neighbours and competitors
d)What promoted the spirit of imperialism?
The discovery of new sae routes of African and asia countries
2)Battle of plassey and Buxar :
a) Who was the Nawab of Bengal in 1757?
Siraj-ud-Daulah
b)who introduced the subsidiary alliance?
Lord Wellesley
c)Name the policy of lord Dalhousie?
Doctrine of Lapse
d)When was queen victoria’s proclamation issused?
In 1858
3)Boxer Rebellion
a)What was the result of the Sino-jaænese war?
China was defected by japan
b)Name the issued ceded by china to japan?
Formosa
c)What led to the out break of Boxer rebellion?
The empress Dowager made the Chinese youths turn their anger towards
the foreign powers
d)What did the Boxers do?
The Boxers attacked the british, FRench, German, Japanese and U.S.
settlements and all the Christians
4)Balkan Problem:
a) Name the Balkan countries?
Serbia, Bulgaria, Albania,Greece and Montenegro
b)How did the first Balkan war come to an end?
By the treaty of London
c)Why did the other Balkan countries declare war on Bulgaria?
Over the divisons of spoils of war between Serbia and Bulgaria.
d)What was the result of the second Balkan war?
Bulgaria was defeated and Serbia gained more territories.
5)League of Nations:
a)Name the organization which were founded before the league of nations?
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The league of nations society the world league for peace the league of
nations union
b)where was the league of nations haed quaters situated?
Geneva
c)How should the member nations solve the problems?
Through the league of nations
d)When did japan capture Manchuria?
In 1931
6)Fraklin D.Roosevelt?
a)when was the president election?
1932
b)How was Fraklin D.Roosevelt commonly known as?
FDR
C)what was his election manifesto?
‘’I pledge you, I pledge my self to a new deal for the Americans”
d)Name the policy formulated by him?
New Deal
7)Fascist party:
a) Who was the founder of fascist party?
Mussolini
b)Give the slogan of Mussolini?
“Believe,obey, fight ‘,the more honour’.
c)what were aim of fascism?
a)Exaltation of the state
b)Protection of public property
c)Spirited foreign policy
d)What was the motto of fascism?
Everything within the state, nothing again the state and nothing outside
the state.
8)Adolf Hitler:
a)Where aws adolf hitler born?
Austria
c) What was his father?
A Customs Officer
d)Name the book written by hitler
Mein Kampf (my struggle)
9)Causes of the second world war:
a) Name the treaty signed by japan, Italy and Germany?
Rome-Berlin-Tokyo axie
b)Mention some of the ideologies that emerged after the forst world war?
Fascism and Nazism
c)What was the policy followed by the statesman of the major world powers?
Policy of appeasement
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d)What did Hitler preach?
He, preached a resist brand of Nazism
10)Major Achievements of the Uno:
a) Name the treaties signed by the UNO
Nuclear test Ban treaties like NTBT in 1963 and CTBT in 1996
b)Where was the UN conference on environment and development held ?
RIO DE JANEIRO
c)What was adopted by all the countries?
All the countries adopted ‘’Agenda 21’’.
d)How did UNO tackle Suez canal Crisis?
It made France Britain and Israel withdraw their troops from Egypt
11)Political causes for the revolt of 1857:
a) Who introduced subsidiary alliance?
Lord Wellesley introduced subsidiary alliance
b)Name the policy introduced by Lord Dalhousie?
Lord Dalhousie introduced the policy of ‘Doctrine of Lapse’
d) What was the order issued by the British against the mugal emperor?
The British Government had ordered that the mugal emperor had to give
up their ancestral palace and red fort.
12)Revolt at central India:
a) Who led the revolt at central India?
Rani lakshmi Bai and Tantia tope led the revolt in central India.
b)Name the palce captured by Rani Lakshmi Bai
Gwalior was captured by Rani Lakshmi Bai
c)What was her end?
She was killed in the battle in juice 1858
d)What did Tanta tope do?
Tanta tope escaped but was captured and put to death
13)Ambition of Germany:
a) Who was the ruler of Germany during first world war?
Kaiser William II.
b)What did he believe?
He believed that his country alone was competent to rule the whole
world.
c)What could not be tolerated by him?
He could not tolerate the British saying that the sun never sets in the
British Empire.
d)When did he station fleet?
He stationed a fleet at Helgoland in north sea.
14)Brahma Samaj:
a) who founded Brahma SamaJ?
Raja Rammohan Roy Founded Brahma Samaj
b)What were the Languages learnt by Raja Rammohan Roy?
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Arabic, Sanskrit, Persian ,English ,French, Latin, Greek and Hebrew
Languages
c)Name the books written by raja rammohan roy?
Precepts of jesus Christ and the Guide to peace and happiness were
written by raja rammohan roy.
d)What did Brahmu Samaj believe?
The Brahma Samaj believed in ‘’universal religion ‘’ based on the
priniciple of one supreme God.
15) The Indian national congress:
a)When was the Indian national congress founded?
In 1885
b)On whose advice was it founded?
Allan Octavian Hume, a retired British civil servant
c)Where was the first session of the congress held? who was the chair person?
At Bombay, W.C. Banarjee chaired the first session of the congress.
e) Name some of the leaders who attended the first session of the congress.
Dadabai Naoroji, surendranath Banerji, Madam mohan malavya
M.G.Ranade, Gokhale pheroze shah metha and G.Subramania Iyer.
16)Jallian wala bagh Tragedy:
a) who were the prominent leaders arrested?
DR.Satypal and DR. Saifuddin kitchlew
b)Where did the people gather?
In Jallian wala bagh at Amristar
c)Who was the british military commander of Amritsar?
General Dyer
d)What did Rabindranath tagore do?
He renounced his Knighthood
17)The Mount Battern Plan:
a) Who became the Governor general of india in 1947?
Lord Mount Battern
b)Who was the last British Governor General?
Lord Mount Battern
c)What was Mount Batter plan?
India would be divided into two independent countries namely Indian
union and the Pakistan union.
d)What was the reaction of the congress and muslim league?
Both the congress and the Muslim league accepted this plan
18)C.Rajagopala chariyar
a)When and where was he born?
C.Rajaji was born on December 10th 1878 at thovarappalli
b)Why did he resign his cheif ministership in 1939?
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He resigned his chief ministership in 1939 in protest against the use of
Indian men and materials in the second world war by the British
Government without their consent
c)What did he introduce during his second term?
During his second term he introduced ‘’kula kalvi thittam”
d)Why was he often referred as “ chanakya”?
He was often referred as “chanakya”for his diplomatic Skills.
19)K.Kamaraj:
a) How did he enter into politics?
He entered into politics by taking part in vaikam sathyagraha in 1924
b)Where was he kept in prison in 1930?
In,1930 he was kept in Alipore jail.
c)Where did he hoist the Indian national flag in 1947?
He, hoisted the Indian National flag in sathyamoorthy’s house in 1947?
d)When did he die?
He died on Octber 2nd 1975.
20) The Justice party:
a)who established the justice party?
T.M.Nair and Thiyagaranya chetty established the Justice party
b)When did the Justice party come to power?
The Justice party came to power in 1920
c)Who was if defeated?
The Justice party was defeated in 1937
d)Write any two achievements of the Justice party
(I) It introduced the system of giving free pattas for housig sites to the
poor.
(II)In 1995 Anna University and in 1929 Annmalai University were
opened.
21)Self Respect Movement:
a)Who Started the self Respect Movement?
E.V.Ramaswamy periyar started the self Respect movement.
b)Why did he Start?
He Started it in order to spread and execute his ideas and policies
c)When was it started?
It was started in 1925
d)Name the laws passed by the government due to the constant struggle of self
respect Movement.
Widow Remarriage Act, Women’s Right to property act and abolition of
Devadasi Act.
22)Arya Samaj:
a)What was the original name of swami Dayanandha saraswathi?
His original name was Mul Shankar
b) who was his Guru ?
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Swami virjanand was his guru
c) What was his ‘motto’?
His motto was ‘go back to Vedas’.
d)What did the Samaj advocate?
The samaj advocate women education, intercase marriage and inter
dining.
23) The Theosophical society:
a)Who was the founder of the Theosophical society?
it was founded by Madame Blavatsky and Henry S.Olcott
b)Why was it founded?
It was founded to preach about god and wisdom.
c)Who was the president of this society in 1893?
Mrs.Annie Besant was the president of this society in 1893
d) where is the head quters of this society located?
The haed quters of this society is at adyar in Chennai.
24)DR. Ambedkar:
a)Who is the messiah of dalists and downtrodden?
DR. B.R. Amebedkhar is the messish of dalits and downtrodden
b)Who was the first law minister of india ?
DR. B.R. Amebedkhar was the first law minister of india.
c) How was he honoured by the government of India?
The Government of india honoured DR. B.R. Amebedkhar by awarding
‘Bharath Rtana’in 1990.
d)Why did he lead the mahad march near BomBay?
he led the mahad march near Bombay, to give the untouchables the
right to draw water from the public tank the ‘mahad’ publicly.
DISTINGUISH BETWEEN :
1) GMT and IST
GMT IST
1 GMT means Greenwich mean time IST means Indian Standard
Time
2 GMT is Calculated at O ° longtitude IST is calculated at 8½
It passes through Greenwich longitude It passes through
Allahabad
3 It is the world standard Time It is the Indian Standard Time
2)Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats:

Western Ghats Eastern Ghats
1 To western Ghats run parallel to To eastern Ghats run parallel
the west coast to the east coast
2 To western Ghats are continuous The eastern Ghats are not
range of mountains continuous mountains
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3)East coast plains and west coast plains
East Coast plains West Coast plains
1 The East coast plain extends from The West coast plain extends
Gujarat to kanya kumari from westr Bengal to
kanyakumari
2 Broad Narrow
4) Southwest monsoon and northeast monsoon
Southwest mosoon Northwest monsoon
1 Southwest monsoon blows from Northwest monsoon blows
June to September during October and November
2 These winds give heavy rainfall to When it Crosses bay of Bengal
western coastal region it absorbs moisture and gives
rain to the coromandal coast
5)Weather and Climate
Weather Climate
1 Weather is a day to day condition Climate is the average states of
of atmosphere at any place in weather for a longer period of
regard to temperature, pressure, time at any place.
wind humidity and rainfall
2 It is the condition of atmosphere To get reliable average of
for only a short period climate a minimum of 35 years
records of weather are
necessary.
6)Renewable resource and non renewable resource
Renewable resource Non-Renewable resources
1 Renewable resources are the Non renewable resources are
resources that can be reproduced resources that cannot be
again and again replaced again after utilization
2 Sunlight, air, water, and forests Minerals like coal and
are examples of renewable resoures petroleum are examples of
Non-renewable resources.
7)Wind energy and thermal energy
Wind Thermal Energy
1 It is a pollution free energy. Minerals like coal and
petroleum are examples of
Non-renewable resources.
2 It is produces by wing It is produced from coal
petroleum natural gas etc.
8)Commercial and Subsistence agriculture

Commercial agriculture Subsistence agriculture
1 In this type crops are produced on In this type crops are
a large scale with the view of produced for family
exporting them to other countries consumption
and earn forge in exchange
2 New technique follow New technique do not follow
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9)Kharif and rabs crops
Kharif Crobs Rabs crops
1 Kharif crops are sown in the Rabs crops are sown in the
beginning of the monsoon beginning of the winter
2 Major crops are paddy maize, Major crops are wheat,
cotton, jute, and sugarcane tobacco,Pulses and grains.
10)Mineral based and agro based industries

Mineral based industries Agro based industries
1 Mineral based industries use both Agro based industries use
metallic and non-metallic minerals agricultural products as their
as row materials raw materials
2 Ex. Iron and steel industry Ex. Cotton textile industry and
jute industry.
11) Water pollution and land pollution
Water pollution Land pollution
1 Water pollution is any chemical Land pollution is
physical or biological change contaminating the land surface
by various means
2 Land water affected Agriculture affected
12)Exports and imports
Exports Imports
1 Exports means good services sold Import refers to goods and
for foreign currency services brought from overseas
produces.
2 By export we earn foreign exchange By imports we lose our foreign
exchange.
13)Internal trade and International trade
Internal trade International trade
1 Internal trade in carried on within International trade is carried
the domestic country on between two or more
countries
2 Internal trade is mostly based on In this trade foreign currency
the nation’s currency used Ex.
American dollar
14) Black Soil and Red Soil

Black Soil Red Soil
1 Black Soil is formed from the Red Soil is Formed from the
weathering of igneous rocks weathering of the ancient
crystalline and metamorphic
rocks
2 The colour varies from deep black The colour varies from brown
to chestnut brown and yellow
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3 Tobacco, oil seeds, cotton, Wheat, Wheat, rice, cotton, sugarcane
Jower millets and sugar cane are and pulses are grown in this
grown in this soil soil.
HISTORY
2 MARK
1. Define Imperialism?
*The term imperialism refers to the policy of extending a
country’s rule over the others. It is a policy of aggrestive of one state
against another.
2.What is colonialism?
*Colonialism refers to the policy of acquiring and
maintaining colonies especially for exploitation.
*It also means that it is a relationship between an
indigenous majority and minority foreign invaders.
3.Write a Short not on mandate System?
*The former colonies and other backward regions were
assigned to the league of nations.
*The league delegated its authority Subject to some
Restrictions, to various states as its agents or ”mandatories”.
4.What was the immediate cause of the first world war?
*In june 28,1914 the Austrian crown prince francis feed in
and his wife Isabella were assassinated by a Serbian led at Serajevo,
The Capital of Bosnia.
*So, Austria Declared war on Serbia on july 1914.
5.What are the Organs of the league of Nations?\
*The general Assembly
*The Council
*The Secretariat
*The international court of Justice
*International Labour Organization.
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6.What the causes for the great economic depression?
*The main cause of the depression was the collapse of
American Share market.
*The share market collapse was due to Speculation on
borrowed money.
7.What does the term ‘’ Fascism’’ mean?
*The term “ Fascism” is derived from the Latin word
’Fasces”.
*It Means a Bundle or group.
8.What were the four pillars of fascism?
*The Four Pillars of fascism were charismatic leadership,
single party rule under a Dictator, terror and economic control.
9.Write a brief note on Munich agreement?
*In 1938 Hitler wanted to capture Sudetenland from
Czechoslovakia
*So an agreement was signed between Germany and
Neville Chamberlain, at Munich In 1938.
10.What was the immediate cause of the second world war?
*In 1939, Hitler demanded from Poland the right to
construct a military road connecting east Prussia and Germany
through policy corridor.
*When Poland refused Hitler made lighting attack on
Poland on 1st sep 1939.
11.Write a note on the scorched earth policy?
*The Russians follower the scorched earth policy
*They abandoned the villages and set fire to crops, roads
railways, factories and even houses so that the Germans could not
again anything.
12.Why did America declare war on Japan?
*On December 7,1941 the Japanese attacked the
American fleet Stationed at pearl Harbour.
*So the very next day America Declared was on Japan.
13.What are the main Objective of the UNO?

*To Maintain international peace and security
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*To develop friendly relations among nations.
*To settle international disputes by peaceful means.
*To be a center for helping nations to achieve these goals.
14. Mention any two achievements of the UNO?
*The UNO has signed many unclear test Ban treaties like
NTBT in 1963.
*The Suez Canal crius was peacefully solved in 1956.
15.Mention Some of the Specialized agencies of the UNO?
*The world health Organisation [WHO]
*The International Labour Organisation
*The World Bank[IBRD]
16.Mention the initial member countries of the EU?
*Belgium, France, Italy, Luxemburg, Netherlands and west
Germany were the initial member countries of the EU.
17.What is the Significance of the Euro?
*The Euro is the name of the Single European Currency.
*It was put into circulation on January 1,2002.
*The Symbol Euro is E
18. Name the Important leaders and centres of the Mutiny?
Important Leaders:(i) Rani Lakshmi Bai of Jhansi
(ii)Tania Tope
(iii)Nana Sahib and Kunwar Singh
Important Centres:(i)Kanpur
(ii)Delhi
(iii)Luck now
19. Mention the importance of Queen Victoria’s proclamation?
*Queen Victoria’s proclamation is called the Magna carta
of India.
*According to this, India came under the direct control of
the British Queen.
*It Confirmed the earlier treaties of the East India
company with the Indian Princes.
20.What was the immediate cause for the revolt of 1857?

*The greased Cartridge supplied for the new Enfield rifle
was the immediate cause for the revolt.
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*There was a rumour that the fat of the cow and pig had
been used to grease these cartridges.
21.What are the services rendered by the Arya Samaj?
*The Array Samaj opposed child marriage, polygamy,
purdha system, casteism and sati.
*It advocated women education, inter caste marriage and
inter dining.
22.What are the teachings of vallar?
*He condemned the in equalities based on birth.
*Service to mankind is the path of Moesha.
*The preached Jeeva Karunya.
23.What were the aims of Indian National Congress?
*Greater representation and expansion of legislative
councils.
*Holding of Indian civil service [I.C.S] examination in
India.
*More Indian Should be Employed Higher posts.
*Indian council at London should be abolished.
24.Name some of the important moderate leaders?
*Surendranath Banerjee
*Dadabai Naoroji
*Gopala Krishna Gokhale
*M.G.Ranade were Some of the important moderate
leaders.
25.Mention the importance of Luck now session of the Indian National
congress in 1916
*The Moderate and the Extremists Joined together
*The congress and the Muslim League signed a pact
agreeing to co-operate-with-each other to achieve self government.
*Jawharlal Nehru met Gandhiji for the first time at Luck
now session.
26.What are the changes introduced by the government of india Act of
1935?
*Established federal government at the centre.
*Provided for the establishment of a federal to decide the
conflicts between the provinces and the centre.
*Provided for the establishment of a federal reserve bank.
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27.Write a short note on the cabinet mission?
*In March 1946, the cabinet mission under pethick
Lawrence, A.V. Alexander with Indian leaders about the transfer of
water.
*In Proposed to form a constituent assembly to draw up
the constitution.
28.Write a BRief note on vellore Mutiny?
*The vellore Munity broke out in 1806.
*This created a strong resentment among the soldiers
*They unfurled the flag of tipu over the fort.
*Father Hyder, the second son Tipu was Declared as the
Rule
29.Write a note on the Welfare measures taken by Kamaraj?
*Opening of new schools
*Mid-day meals Scheme
*Launching of new industries is Tamil Nadu
30.What are the aims of self respect movement?
*The self respect movement condemned and fought
against Brahim Domination over other casters, society politics and
Religion.
*It advocated women education, widow re-marriages, inter
caste marriages, and opposed child marriage.
31.Why do we call periyar as ‘Vaikam Hero’?
*Vaikam is place in Kerala.
*In vaikam the people of downtrodden community were
prohibited to enter into the temple.
*To opposite this, periyar led the famous Vaikam
Sathyagraha in 1924.
*Finally the travanare Government relaxed this
Segragation and allowed the people to enter into the temple Hence
periyar is called vaikam Hero.
GEOGRAPHY
2 MARK:
1. What are the main physical division of India?
1.Northern Mountain
2.Northern Great Plains
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3.Peninsula Plateaus
4.Coastal Plains
5.Islands
2.Write any two points on the importance of the Himalayas.
*The Himalayas forms a natural boundary for the Subcontinent. It is
permanently frozen and is a barrier to foreign is vision.
*The Himalayas is the source of all perennial rivers of India, Which
bring allunmium and help the cultivation of crops in the great plains.
3.Name a few well-Known holy plains in the northern mountains in India?
*Amarnath
*Kedarnath
*Badrinath
*Vaishnavi devi temple
4.Name the rivers that do not from a delta on the west coast of India.
*Narmada, Tapti, Mahi and Sabarmati rivers.
5.Name the Islands belonging to India.
*Andaman
*Nicobar
*Lakshadweep
6.Name the factors determining the climate of India.
*Latitude
*Altitude
*Distance from the sea
*wind
*Position of mountains
7.What do you mean by monsoon?
*The world monsoon is derived from the Arsbic world ’’monsoon
“Which means Season.
*The Winds which reverse their directions completely between
the Summer and Winter is Known as monsoon winds.
8.Name the regions of heavy rainfall in India?
*Middle Ganga Valley
*Western Ghats
*Eastern Maharashtra
*Madhya Pradesh
*Orissa
9.What do you mean by the ‘burst of monsoon”?
*The South west monsoon winds are moisture laden winds because
they originate from Indian Ocean. When they approach the Southern part of Kerala
they give rain with violent thunderstorms indicating the onset of the monsoon and
lightening. This Phenomenon is often termed as the’’ monsoon burst’ .
10.What do you understand by the term natural resources?
*All Materials Obtained from the nature to
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satisfy the needs of Our Daily life is Known as natural resources.
*Land, Water ,Air etc.,
11.Name the Mica Producing Areas of India?
*Andhra Pradesh
*Jharkhand
*Bihar
*Rajasthan
12.What are the Major determinant factors of agriculture?
*Landform
*Climate
*Soil types
*Water
13.What are the types of agriculture?
*Primitive agriculture
*Subsistence agriculture
*Commercial agriculture
*Plantation agriculture
14.Name the cotton growing areas of India?
*The Main Cotton growing States are Gujarat, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh,
Karnataka , Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab and Haryana.
15.What are plantation crops?
*Coffee, tea and Rubber are plantation crops.
16.Define manufacturing?
*The Process by which the natural resources or raw material are convented
into finished or usable products with the help of machines is known as
manufacturing.
17.Name the factors that determining the location of an industry?
*Factors like raw materials, power, transport, manpower, water, market and
government policies determine the location of an industry.
18.What are agro based industries? Give Example
*The industries which use agriculture products are their raw materials are
called agro based industries.
*Cotton textile industry, Jute industry and sugar industry.
19.What are by products of Jute Industry?

Jute products are gunny bags, Canvas, pack sheets, Jute webs, hessians,
Carpets, cordage and twines.
20.What is water pollution?
*Water pollution is any chemical physical biological change in the Quality of
water that has a harmful effect on any living that drinks or was or lives in it.
21.What is bio diversity ?
*Biodiversity is the degree of variation of life forms with in a given eco system.
22.What is meant by pollution due to the waste?
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*It means pollution generated form the wastes to television sets, Mobile
phones, Computers, Refrigerators and Printers.
23.What is Trade ? What are the types of trade?
*Trade is an act or process of buying selling or exchanging goods and services.
*Internal trade and International trade
24.What is Meant by Remote sensing ?
*Remote means “ far away”
*Sensing means “getting information”
*Remote Sensing can be defined as the collection of data about an object from
a distance.
25. Mention the basic components of remote sensing?
*The target, energy Source , Source Transmission Path and Sensor are the
basic components of remote sensing
26. Define GIS
*Geographical information system [GIS] is a Systematically integration of
computer hardware, Software and Special data for capturing, Storing, Displaying,
updating and Analyzing all terms of geographical referenced data.
27. Write any two applications of GPS?
*GPS is used in survey, Map making, Navigation, Cellular telephony, and geo
forcing.
*It is used in navigation.
*Target- Making hassle and projective guidance Search and rescue, and
Recognisance.
CIVICS
1.Mention the important aspects of India’s Policy for Promoting peace.
*India has been taking an active Independent past in the world affairs.
*India is a country with an unbounded faith in peace.
*India has played a great rote in setting many disputes.
2.Why is world peace an essential one?
*World peace is essential for both the developing and developed countries.
*Economic development of the nations can be achieved only through world
peace.
3.What are the five Principles of the Panache shed?
*Each country should respect the territorial integrity and Sovereignty of others.
*No Country should attack any other country.
*No one Should try to interface in the internal affairs of others.
*All Country Shall Strive For Equality and natural Benefit
*Every country should try to follow the policy of peaceful co-existence.
4.Write a note on the policy of apartheid?
*Apartheid is the policy of racial discrimination followed in South Africa.
*In South Africa the whites, did not give Equal rights to the native Africans.
34
*It was due to the constant moral support of India and the continuous struggle
of Dr. Nelson Mandela Apartheid was abolished in 1990.
5.Give Abraham Lincoln’s Definition of Democracy.
*According to Abraham Lincoln’s Democracy is a government of the people by
the people and for the people.
6.What are National Parties?
*A party that is Recgnized by the Election Commission and Secures at Least
Six Percant of the total votes in the Lok Sabha
election in four or more States is called National Party.
Ex: Congress ,BJP.
7.Why is India called the “Museum of Human Race”?
*In India the people divided into a number of castes
*They proffers different religions.
*They Speak Hundreds of language and dialects.
*This marvellous diversity for the Study of made India both a museum and
Laboratory for the Study of man hence India is called the “Museum of Human Race” .
8.Name Some of the Religious of India?
*Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikkim are the religious of
India.
9.Write a brief note on the birth of COPRA?
*Consumes are exploited by the traders in various Ways .
*A need to Protect the consumes was left.
*A right to redress their grievances led to the passing of the
consumers Protection Act [COPRA] in 1986 in India.
*It has been defined as the Magna Charta of consumers.
ECONOMICS
1.Define national income?
*National income is a measures of the total value of goods and services
produced by an Economy over a period of time.
2.What is per capital income ?
**Per capital income is obtained by dividing the national income by the
population of a country.
*Per capital income = National income
Population
3.What is Laissez-Faire?
*Laissez-Faire means non- intervention by the government.
4.Define Gross Domestic product?
*Gross Domestic product is the total value of out put produced by the factors
of production within the geographical boundaries of the country
5.What is mixed Economy?
*Mixed Economy Means the co-Existence of both the government owned and
private owned industries in India.
35
6.Write a note on cottage industries.
*Cottage industries are household industries depending on local market and
production is of primitive methods.
Ex: Handlooms, Coir industries.
7.What is privatisation?
*Privatisation means transforming All economic activates from public sector to
private sector.
*It Also refers to the setting up of private units in public utility services.
8.What do you mean by globalization?
*The finished goods also find a places in the global market.
*It is the linkage of nation’s market with global market.
HISTORY PARAGRAPH
1.What are the causes of imperialism?
*The industrial revolution created a great demand for raw
materials
*Many nations developed pride over their ace, Culture and
Language
*European countries were forced to acquire new colonies to
achieve balance with their neighbours and competitors.
*The discovery of new routes promoted the spirit of imperialism
*The growth of population led to unemployment.
2.What are the effects of imperialism?
*The powerful nations developed the transport and
communications facilities in the weaker nations.
*They introduced new farming methods.
*They were exploited and treated as slaves.
*The Colonies plunged were used as the suppliers of raw materials
and market for finished products.
*It promoted order and discipline and in countries.
3.What were the achievements of the league of nations?
*It settled the problem between finland and swedan regarding the Ownership
of Aaland island in Baltic.
*It Avoided the war between Greece Bulgaria over the border Disputes.
*Through its other organs the league prevented the spread of many diseases.
*It solved the problem of refugees and lepers.
*It attempted to raise the standard of education in various states.
4.What were the administrative and Military causes of the Great Revolt of 1857?
Administrative Causes :
*The British replaced Persian language by English as the court language.
*The peasants had to pay heavy taxes
*The British Excluded the Indians from all high civil and military jobs.
Military Causes :
36
*They asked foe better pay and good treatment by the British
officers.
*There was no promotion for Indian soldiers.
*The Sepoys were also insulted very badly
5.Mention the results of the great revolt of 1857?
*India came under the direct control of the British Queen.
*It Granted general pardon to all Offenders
*It Promoted to pay due regard to the ancient rites and customs of India.
*The great rising of 1857, Seeds for India’s freedom
*First victory was lord canning.
6.What are the achievements of the UNO?

*The UNO has rendered a great service in establishing peace and security by
solving various problems.
*It has signed many nuclear Test Ban treaties like NTBT is 1963 and CTBT in
1996.
*The UN conference on Environment and development was held in Rio de
janeiro.
*There all countries adopted “Agenda 21”
*It was a blue print to promote economic growth and to promote natural
resources.
7.Explain the stages of Non-co-operation movement of 1920-22 why was it
suspended?
*The congress started the non-co-operation movement in1920.
In order to show their opposition for the Rowlett Act, Jallian Walla Bagh
Massacre and Montague Chelmsford reforms, Gandhi Started non co-operation
movement.
*The movement was observed in three Stages.
First Stage :
*Indians who received titles and honours from the British renounced them in
protest.
Second Stage :
*There were large scale demonstrations including hartals.
*All Government institutions including schools, colleges, offices and
legislatures were boycotted.
*Important leaders were arrested and imprisoned.
Third Stage:
*The most important and final stage of the movement was non-payment
* The congress session held in 1921 at Ahmadabad called upon the people not
to pay taxes to the Government till their demands were met
*The non co operation movement was in its full swing, hartals and lock-out
were all over the country.
Reasons for suspension of the movement :
37
*When the Non co –operation movement was in full swing, Gandhiji advised
his followers not to involve in violence.
*On February 5,1922 at chauri chaura in uttarpradesh a procession of
peasants was organized.
*The police fired at the peasants,
*In Retaliation the angry peasants attacked and burnt the police station
killing 22 police men.
*Gandhiji was upset and suspended the non-co-operation movement
immediately.
8.Write a short note on salt sathyagraha
Salt Sathyagraha:
*The British Government levied tax on common salt used by millions of
peoples.
*Gandhiji Started civil-Disobedience movement on 12th March 1930.
* Gandhiji and 78 chosen followers including sarojini Naidu left Sabarmathi
Ashram in Ahmadabad to Dandi, a village on the Gujarat Sea Coast to Break the Salt
Laws.
*This March is popularly known as “dandi march’
*Gandhiji and thousand of Indians who had joined him during the March
reached Dandi on 6th April 1930.
*The Slogan ‘Vande Matharam”echoed every where.
*Gandhiji broke the salt laws on the same day preparing salt from sea water.
*In Tamil Nadu C. Rajagopalachari organized a march from Trichy to
Vedaranyam on Tanjore coast to break the salt laws.
9.What is the importance of three round table conferences.
First Round Table conference :
*The British could not suppress the civil Dis-obedience movement.
*In Order to solve the political deadlock, the british called the first
Round Table conference at London in 1930.
*It was not attended by the congress leaders. It ended in failure.
The Gandhiji Irwin Pact-1931 :
*The First Round Table Conference failed.
*The british Government sent lord Irwin to negotiate with Gandhiji
as a result of this Gandhiji-Irwin pact was signed in1931.
*According to this pact the civil disobedience movement was
suspended and the congress decided to attend the next round table
conference if all the political prisoners were released and the salt law
withdrawn.
The Second Round Table Conference-1931:
*As per the Gandhiji-Irwin pact Gandhiji attended the Second Round Tablr
Conference in England.
*As no decision could be reached regarding the communal question and
constitutional changes, Gandhiji returned to india without any settlement.
38
*When Gandhiji landed in India, He was arrested and the congress was
banned.
*So the civil disobedience movement was once again revived.
The Third Round Table Conference-1932:
*The Third Round table conference ended in failure without the participation
of congress leaders.
10.Write a paragraph on Quit India Movement:
Quit India Movement:
*The Failure of Cripps Mission Brought about a change Gandhi’s attitude.
*He felt that non-violent methods did not yield the dedsired effect. So he
asked for the complete withdrawal of the British from India.
*The congress leaders felt that the presence of English in India would
naturally invite Japan to invade India.
*So the congress working committee passed a resolution on 8th August, 1942
demanding the immediate withdrawal of the British from India.
*The historic Quit India resolution was passed at Bombay
*Gandhiji memorable speech was “we shall do or die”. “We Shall either free
India or die in the attempt” was a clarion call for unarmed revolt on a mass scale.
*On the very next day Gandhiji, Nehru, Abul kalam Azad and other prominent
leaders of the congress were arrested.
*Due to the lack of leadership violent riots took place everywhere.
GEOGRAPHY (5 marks)
1.India is a Sub-Continent-Justify
A Continent possesses distinct characteristics of diverse.
*Physical features
*Climatic conditions
*Natural vegetations
*Cultural norms
*Ancient ethnic and linguistic group and
*Huge area.
*Mineral resources
*human habitations
All these distinctive continental characteristics are found in India.
Hence we consider India as a Sub-continent.
2.’Unity in diversity’Explain:
*India has highest peaks and lowest plains
*India’s climate changes from tropical zone to the temperate zone.
*Cherrapuniji in Meghalaya receives the highest amount of rainfall whereas
the thar desert receives very low rain fall.
*We have wet dense tropical forest on the western Ghats, Mangrove trees in
the Sunder bans of wet Bengal and the Shrubs and Sparse vegetation in the thar
desert.
*India has diversity of the physical environment and climate.
39
*India is an ideal habitant for varieties of flora and fauna.
UNITY IN DIVERSITY:
*India is a secular country with total freedom of worship
*People follow Hinduism, Christianity, Islam, Sikkim, Buddhism, Jainism and
Zoroastrianism with cultural diversities.
*In Spite of its physical, religious and racial varieties the Indian culture
Unites all people.
*People shed all their differences and stand together when thereis a crip.
Hence India is Known for her “Unity in Diversity”
3.Write about remote sensing Technology?
*Remote sensing can be defined as the collection of data about an object from
a distance.
*Geographers use the remote sensing as atool to monitor or measure
phenomena on the earth.
*Remote sensing is done with the help of mechanical devices called sensors
*Often these sensors are positioned in helicopters planes and satellites
*Electromagnetic energy that is reflected back and radiated from the object on
the earth’s surface.
4.Describe any one of the branch of south west monsoon:
*This branch of monsoon is a “moisture bearing wind” and blows from Bay of
Bengal Branch:
*This branch of monsoon is a “moisture bearing wind “and blows from Bay of
Bengal
*It Strikes against the Kasi, Garo and jaintia hills.
*The wind takes a sudden rise over the funnel shaped hills and causes he
rainfall in cherrapuniji
*A part of this branch gets deflected by the Himalayas and gloves rain to the
Energetic plains.
*As it moves further west words it loses its moisture content and give Scanty
rainfall to Punjab and Haryana.
*Finally this wind meets the Arabian sea branch of monsoon wind at the foot
hills of the Himalayas and gives heavy rainfall along the siwaliks
*Tamil nadu remains dry during this period as it lies parallel to the Bay of
Bengal Branch .
5.Describe rain water harvesting:
*Water management implies making the best use of available water resources
for human benefit .
*Rain water harvesting is a method to save water.
Rain Water Harvesting:
*Rain water harvesting is an activity of direct collection and storage of water
*The rainwater is allowed to penetrate into deep water table and water is
taped when needed
*This helps to prevent surface run-off.
40
*since the rainfall is scanty, it is necessary to slove available rainwater.
6. Write the important of forest:
*Forests provide valuable timber for domestic and commercial use.They
supply Raw materials for industries.
*It supplies a number of products such as lac, Gum, Resin, Tanning
materials, medicines, herbs, honey and spices.
*Export of forest products earns valuable foreign exchange .
*Grazing Cattle in the forests help in dairy farming.
*Many forest reserve have been developed into tourist centres.
*Forests absorb atmospheric Carbon-di-oxide and help in controlling air
pollution.
*They Help in controlling Soil Erosion, Land reclamation and food Control
*They help in water percolation and this maintain underground water table.
*They provide natural habitats to primitive tribes, animals, and birds.
*They are the moderators of climate and affect temperature, humidity and
rainfall.
*Forests meet nearly 40% of the energy needs of the country.
7. Write about remote sensing technology ?
*Remote sensing can be defined as the collection of data about an object from
a distance.
*Geography use the remote sensing as a tool to monitor or measure.
Phenomena on the earth.
*Remote sensing is done with the help of mechanical devices called sensors.
*Often these Sensors are positioned in helicopters planes and Satellites.
*Electromagnetic energy that is reflected back radidted from the object on the
earth’s Surface.
8. Explain the various components of remote Sensing:
*The Four basic components of a remote Sensing System are,
*Target
*Energy Source
*Transmission Path and
*Sensor.
1. Target : * The Target is an object or material that is being imaged.
* The components in the System Work together to measure and record
information about without actually coming into physical contact with it.
2. Energy Source : The Energy Source provides electromagnetic energy to the target
*The Energy Source is classified as passive System (SUM) and Active
System
*Remote Sensing Technology make use of a wide range electromagnetic
Spectrum from a very short wave Gamma Ray To a very long radio Wave.
3. Transmission Path :
*The Electromagnetic radiation interacts with the target depending on the
proportion of the target
41
*The Radiation transmits information from the target to Sensor.
4. Sensor : * Sensor is a device to detect the electro magnetic radiation.
*Sensor are classified as active Sensors and passive Sensors.
*Passive Sensors detect natural radiation that is emitted or reflected by the
Object or Surrounding area being Observed.
Example: cameras used at daylight.
*Active Sensors transmit their own signal and measure the energy That is
Reflected from the target.
Example: Rader
9. Explain the process involved in remote sensing Technology?
*The first requirement for remote sensing is energy Source
*The Sun Illuminates or provides electromagnetic energy to the target of
things
*Once energy makes its way to the target through atmosphere, It interacts
with the target, depending on the properties of both target and the radiation.
*After energy has been scattered or emitted from the target, The Sensor
collects and records the Electromagnetic radiation.
*The energy recorded by the Sensor has to be transmitted to a receiving and
processing station.
10. What are the advantages of remote Sensing ?
*This System has the ability to provide a synoptic view of a wide area in a
single frame.
*Remote Sensing Systems detect features of in accessible area that cannot by
reached by human vision.
*Cheaper and rapid method of Acquiring up to data and continuous
information over a geographical area.
*It helps the planners for formulating policies and programmes to a achieve
the holistic functioning of the environment.
*It enables the cartographers to prepare thematic maps like geological maps.
CIVIS
1.Write a paragraph about pancha shed and the policy of non-Alignment :

Pancha Sheel :
*Jawaharlal Nehru laid Stress on the five principles called pancha sheel
principles they are.
*Each country should respect the territorial and sovereignty of others.
*No Country Should Attack any other Country.
*No one should try to interface in the internal affairs of other.
*All Country shall strive for equality and mutual benefit.
*Every country should try to follow the policy of peaceful co-existence.
*These pancha sheel greaty enhanced the international status of India.
Policy of non-alignment:
*After the second world war the world was divide into two hostile blocs.
42
American bloc and the Russian bloc.
*Both of them are trying to increase their influence at the cost of the other
But India has not joined either of these two blocs.
*Thus it has contributed much to the world peace.
2.Write a short note on SAARC?
*SAARC’s first meeting was held at Dacca in Bangladesh on Dec 7,1985
*SAARC means South Asian Association For Regional co-operation.
* Mr. Ashan of Bangladesh was the first Secretary general of SAARC.
*The member countries are Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal,
Pakistan, Afghanistan and Srilanka.
*The SAARC countries identified mutual co-operation, in area like
transportation postal service, tourism, shipping, meteorology, health,
agriculture, rural reconstruction and telecommunication.
3.Write a Paragraph on the right of consumers?
*The Consumer’s have the right to be protected against marketing of good and
services, which are hazardous to life and property.
*The Quality, Quantity, potency, Purity, Standard and price of good should be
properly informed.
*Assurance of access to variety of good’s are services at competitive price
should be given.
*In case of single supplier, the consumer has the right to be assured of
satisfactory Quality and services at a fair price. The consumer’s interests
should receive due consideration at appropriation farms.
*Consumer’s grievances should be redressed.
*They should be protected against unfair trade practices and exploitation
*They should have the knowledge about good’s and issues relating to
consumer welfare.
*The right to information Act was passed by the parliament on 12th October
2005 to enable all citizens to use their fundamental right to access information
from public bodies.
4.What are the measures taken by the Government of Tamilnadu to Protect the
consumers?
(i) Citizen Consumer’s clubs have been established in every educational
institution
(ii)Consumer education is given to Rural masses through women self help
groups and panchayat level federation.
(iii)A monthly magazine’s Tamil Nadu Nugarvor Kavas am is published to
Create awareness among the masses
(iv)Consumer awareness messages are propagated through radio, television
and short video films.
ECONOMICS
1.Write down the objective of Eleventh five year plan:
43
*To increase public investment in irrigation, rural electrification and rural
roads.
*To promote agriculture research.
*To ensure environment protection.
*To increase employment opportunities.
*To develop rural infrastructure.
*To abolish poverty.
*To reduce the dropout rate in primary schools.
2.Explain Green Revolution?
*The process of increasing production of food grains using high yielding
variety(HYV) Seed is called Green Revolution in 1967.
*It requires regular supply of water, Fertilizer, Pesticides and Financial
resources.
*India council of agriculture research took the intiative in promoting HYV
seeds to increase agriculture production.
*Green revolution benefited large number of states in India.
*This enabled India to achieve Self Sufficiency in food-Grain production
3.Explain Economic Reforms of 1991:
Economic reforms of 1991(ie) New industrial policies were aimed at rapid
industrialization of India.
Government brought in special legislation:
*To abolish industrial licensing.
*To allow foreign direct investments.
*To encourage participation of private Sectors in core industries .
*To notable aspects of economic reforms were liberalization, privatized and
globalization.
*Economic reforms of 1991 influenced many MNC”s to setup their
Manufacturing Units in India.
*Multi national companies like Nokia, Ford, Hyundai and L&T have made
investment in India.
4.Explain the various power programs Tamil Nadu?
*Tamil Nadu is one of the most industrialized states in India.
*Thermal Power: Hydel power stations are in Metter, Kundan, Periyar dam
basin bridge and Neyveli
*Atomic power: Atomic power station are in Kalpakkam and koodankulam
*Wind Energy :It is a non-Conventional fromof energy the wind mills are
situated in Coimbatore, Kanyakumari, Tuticorin, Ramanathapuram and
thirunelveli.
*Bio-mass Energy: This is another kind of non-conventional energy. This kind
of electricity is produced in namakkal and Dharmapuri districts.
44
TIME LINE
1. 1856 –General services Enlistment Act
2. 1857 –Military Revolt.First war of Indeãndence
3. 1858-End of company rule of India
4. 1858-Queen Victoria proclamation of magna catra
5. 1885-Formation of Indian National Congress
6. 1870-Unification of Germany
7. 1905-Partition of Bengal
8. 1906-Formation of Muslim League
9. 1907-Surat Split
10. 1907-Triple Entente-France-Britian-Russia
11. 1909-Minto-Morley Reforms
12. 1912-First Balkan War
13. 1914-Begining of first world war,Assassination of Austrian prince
14. 1916-Lucknow pact/Home Rule Movement
15. 1917-August Declaration
16. 1917-October Revolution, America declares war on Germany
17. 1918-End of first world war
18. 1919-Paris peace conference
19. 1919-Treaty of Versailles
20. 1919-Treaty of st.Germaine
21. 1919-Montague- Chelmsford Reforms
22. 1919-Rowlatt Act
23. 1919-Jalian Wala Bagh Tragedy
24. 1920-Khilafat Movement
25. 1920-League of Nations
26. 1930-Salt Sathyagragha, first Round Table Conference
27. 1931-Gandhi-Irwin Pact, Second Round Table Conference
28. 1932-Communal Award, Poona Pact, Third Round Table Conference
29. 1935-Government of India Act
30. 1939-Beginning of Second world war
31. 1940-Demand for Pakistan, August offer
32. 1942-Arrival of cripp’s Mission, Quit India Movement
33. 1945-End of the second world war
34. 1946-Arrival of cabinet Mission
35. 1947-Mountbatten plan, Indian Independence Act
36. 1948-Assassination of Gandhi
37. 1950-Indian constitution came into force-India became Republic
45
HISTORY MAPS
ASIA
1. Peking
2. Hong Kong
3. Canton
4. Formosa
5. Korea
6. Nanking
7. Manchuria
8. Sakhalin Island
9. Philippines
10. Manchuria
11. Japan
India
1. Amritsar
2. Chauri chaura
3. Surat
4. Vedaranyam
5. Lahore
6. Vedaranyam
7. Poona
8. Meerut
9. Delhi
10. Bareily
11. Barrack pore
12. Gwalior
13. Luck Now
GEOGRAPHY Maps
Peaks - Mt. K2 ,Mt. Everest, Mount Abu, Dodd beta
Rivers – Ganga ,Kaveri, Narmada, Tapti ,Mahanadi
Coastal plains-north-1Malabar Coast, 2.konakan Coast

South-1 coromandal coast,2.Northern circars
Plateau-Deccan Plateau, Chotta Nagpur Plateau ,Malwa Plateau
Gulf- Gulf of Kutch, Gulf of Khambat, Gulf of Mannar
Strait-Palk Strait
Port-Mumbai ,Kochi, Vishakapattinam, Kolkatta.
46
Important cities-Chennai, Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkatta
Iron and Steel industries-Jamshedpur,Durgapur,Rourkela,Bakoro
Cotton growing areas

Sugarcane growing areas
Tea growing areas
Jute growing areas
1.Spread of Alluvial Soil
2.An arefor black soil
3.Region of desert soil
4.Desert soil region
5.Mountain soil region
6.An area Mangrove forest
7.Gulf of Mannar
8.Direction of Southwest monsoon winds
9.Show areas receiving more than 200cm of rainfall
10.Show areas receiving less than 50cm of rainfall
11.Show areas receiving less rainfall
12.Mark the road route linking Mumbai and delhi
13.Link Mumbai and Kolkatta by rail route
14.Link Chennai and Delhi by rail route
15.Headquaters of Konkan Railway
47

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SOCIAL SCIENCE STUDY MATERIAL

1) The Founder of the fascist party was

1) The Allied armies occupied the resources rich

1) This treaty contained the seeds of the second world war

The UNO was established in

a)1955 b)1945 c)1965 d) 1975 Ans:[b]

1) The british historials call the revolt of 1857 as

5) the status of election commissioner is equivalent to that of the

2)Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats:

8)Commercial and Subsistence agriculture

10)Mineral based and agro based industries

14) Black Soil and Red Soil

13.What are the main Objective of the UNO?

20.What was the immediate cause for the revolt of 1857?

19.What are by products of Jute Industry?

6.What are the achievements of the UNO?

1.Write a paragraph about pancha shed and the policy of non-Alignment :

Peaks - Mt. K2 ,Mt. Everest, Mount Abu, Dodd beta

Rivers – Ganga ,Kaveri, Narmada, Tapti ,Mahanadi

Coastal plains-north-1Malabar Coast, 2.konakan Coast

Gulf- Gulf of Kutch, Gulf of Khambat, Gulf of Mannar

Port-Mumbai ,Kochi, Vishakapattinam, Kolkatta.

Iron and Steel industries-Jamshedpur,Durgapur,Rourkela,Bakoro

Cotton growing areas

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