WOLLEGA UNIVERSITY

College of Engineering & Technology

Mechanical Engineering Department
2nd Year – 2nd Semester Final exam (2014-15)

Subject: Fluid Mechanics (Meng-2112)

Code No:------------------------ Max.Mark: 30 Time: 2.30 hr

Answer ALL Questions

1. A U-Tube manometer is used to measure the pressure of water in a pipe line, which is in excess
of atmospheric pressure. The right limb of the manometer contains mercury and is open to
atmosphere. The contact between water and mercury is in the left limb. Determine the pressure of
water in the main line, if the difference in level of mercury in the limbs of U-tube is 10 cm and the
free surface of mercury is in level with the centre of the pipe. If the pressure of water in pipe line is
reduced to 9810 N/m2, calculate the new difference in the level of mercury. Sketch the
arrangements in both cases. (6 mark )

2.In a vertical pipe conveying oil of specific gravity 0.8, two pressure gauges have been installed at
A and B where the diameters are 16 cm and 8 cm respectively. A is 2 m above B. The pressure
gauge readings have shown that the pressure at B is greater than at A by 0.981 N/cm 2. Neglecting
all losses, calculate the flow rate. If the gauges at A and B are replaced by tubes filled with the
same liquid and connected to a U-tube containing mercury, calculate the difference of level of
mercury in the two limbs of the U-tube. (6 mark )

3.Differentiate between :
(i) Stream function and velocity potential function.
(ii)Stream line and streak line
(iii)Rotational and irrotational flows and
(iv) Laminar and turbulent flows (6 mark )

4.A fluid flow is given by V = xy2 i - 2yz2 j – ( zy2 – 2z3/3 ) k. Prove the it is a case of possible steady
incompressible fluid flow. Calculate the velocity and acceleration at the point (1,2,3). (6 mark )

5. Derive on the basis of dimensional analysis suitable parameters to present the thrust developed
by a propeller. Assume that the thrust P depends upon the angular velocity ὠ, speed of advance
V, diameter D, dynamic viscosity µ, mass density ,elasticity of the fluid medium which can be
denoted by the speed in the medium C. (6 mark )
4. 28 tonnes of ice from and at 0°C is produced per day in an ammonia
refrigerator. The temperature range in the compressor is from 25°C to – 15°C.
The vapour is dry and saturated at the end of compression and an expansion
valve is used. Assuming a co-efficient of performance of 62% of the theoretical,
calculate the power required to drive the compressor. Take latent heat of ice =
335 kJ/kg.
Temp°C . Enthalpy (kJ/kg) Entropy of liquid(kJ/kg K) Entropy of
vapour (kJ/kg K)
Liquid Vapour
25 100.04 1319.22 0.3473
4.4852
– 15 – 54.56 1304.99 – 2.1338
5.0585 (6 mark )

5. Explain briefly with a neat sketch of the following processes(i) Cooling and
dehumidification (ii) Heating and humidification (iii) Heating and
dehumidification. (6 mark )