CONFIDENTIAL 2 LG/NOV 2017/ELC501

TOTAL: 35 MARKS

Read the following article and answer ALL the questions that follow.

Animal cruelty has to stop now

I There never seems to be an end to animal abuse. The latest case of animal abuse
in the Klang Valley involved a man who violently attacked a guard dog at the
entrance of a housing estate in Puchong, Selangor. A CCTV recording of the
incident showed the man falling off his bicycle after the guard dog broke free of its
leash and barked at him. The man not only hit the dog violently, he also 5
threatened the people who tried to stop him from abusing the hapless animal. The
recording went viral, and netizens were all riled up, describing the perpetrator as
“evil” and “cruel”. One begins to wonder if the same behaviour is inflicted on those
living with the attacker. Shouldn’t such a person undergo psychiatric evaluation
and take part in community service? Shouldn’t that person be brought to justice? 10

II The Humane Society of the United States, an animal protection organisation, lists
two kinds of animal cruelty which are direct violence and neglect. Hitting and
torturing are the most obvious forms of direct violence. Neglect, on the other hand,
is a passive form of animal cruelty. This includes starvation, dehydration,
inadequate shelter in extreme weather conditions, and failure to seek veterinary 15
care when necessary. Animals cannot talk or scream for help when abused, but
that does not mean they cannot feel the pain inflicted on them.

III In broad terms, there are three conceptual approaches to the issue of cruelty to
animals relating to animal welfare, animal rights and treatment of animals. First,
the animal welfare position holds that there is nothing inherently wrong with using 20
animals for human needs, such as food, clothing, entertainment, and research.
However, those holding this position believe that it should be done in a way that
minimises unnecessary pain and suffering, and this is sometimes referred to as
"humane" treatment. Second, animal rights theorists, in criticism of the animal
welfare approach, argue that the words "unnecessary" and "humane" are subject 25
to widely differing interpretations. They believe that animals have basic rights.
Thus, the only way to ensure protection for animals is to end their status as a

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property and to ensure that they are never used as commodities. Finally,
utilitarian advocates argue from the position of costs and benefits and vary in their
conclusions as to what is deemed as permissible treatment of animals. 30

IV There are studies providing evidence of a link between animal cruelty and violence
towards humans. Conviction statistics by the Humane Society of the United States
show that people convicted for animal cruelty are more likely to be violent to
humans. According to the American Humane Association, 13% of intentional
animal abuse cases involved domestic violence. As many as 71% of pet-owning 35
women seeking shelter at safe houses reported that their partners had threatened
and actually hurt or killed one or more of their pets; 32% of these women reported
that one or more of their children had also hurt or killed pets.

V Battered women report that they cannot leave home because they are worried
about leaving their pets with their abusers since they fear that their pets will be 40
abused in their absence. If they stay, they face the dilemma of watching their
beloved pets getting beaten or kicked. Moreover, the Federal Bureau of
Investigation (FBI) has found that a history of cruelty to animals is one of the traits
that regularly appears in its computer records of serial rapists and murderers.
Thus, the standard diagnostic and treatment manual for psychiatric and emotional 45
disorders lists cruelty to animals as a diagnostic criterion for behavioural disorders.
This is because animal abuse is sometimes used as a form of intimidation in
domestic disputes.

VI A lot of animal abuse cases involve dogs, but other animals too have suffered
cruelty at the hands of humans; for example, monkeys, elephants, dolphins, lions, 50
and cats. Some tourist attractions use animals for entertainment, as well as for
profit, by dressing up monkeys to perform tricks, or separating baby elephants
from their mothers and breaking their spirit to train them to follow commands and
give rides to humans. This training involves acts like chaining their legs to posts
for extended periods of time and depriving them of food, water and sleep. 55
Sometimes these gentle giants are beaten with a bullhook until they bleed.

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VII An estimated 550,000 wild animals suffer at the hands of irresponsible operators
of tourist attractions around the world, according to World Animal Protection, an
international non-profit animal welfare organisation that has been in operation
since 1981. A study last year by the Wildlife Conservation Research Unit of the 60
University of Oxford, commissioned by World Animal Protection, found that three
out of four wildlife tourist attractions involved animal abuse or conservation
concerns. Animals do not deserve to be caged or chained. They belong in the wild
which is their natural habitat. It would be more humane and meaningful to visitors
to see them roaming freely in the wild rather than languishing in captivity. 65

VIII According to Tan Sri Lee Lam Thye, the patron of SPCA Selangor, animal cruelty
can be prevented if we can uphold the five freedoms for animals. These are
freedom from hunger or thirst; freedom from discomfort; freedom from pain, injury
and disease; freedom from the suppression of their normal behaviour; and
freedom from fear and distress. Under the Animal Welfare Act 2015 which was 70
passed last year in Malaysia, those found guilty of cruelty against animals were
liable to be fined between RM20,000 and RM100,000, and jailed up to three
years. It is time to enforce that law. Any form of cruelty towards animals is not to
be tolerated. Not only should punitive action be taken against abusers, but there
should also be awareness campaigns to educate the public on animal rights as 75
well as to educate pet owners about their responsibilities.

IX It appears that animal abuse can transcend to human abuse and vice versa. In
fact, research has shown that people who abuse animals are five times more likely
to inflict abuse on women and children. If an animal abuser is stopped and
rehabilitated on time, it could prevent him from potentially harming a human further 80
down the line. This truth is reflected in the words of the philosopher and physician
Albert Schweitzer: “Anyone who has accustomed himself to regard the life of any
living creature as worthless is in danger of arriving also at the idea of worthless
human lives.”

Adapted from: http://www.thestar.com.my/2017/04/12

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QUESTION 1
For each of the following words in this question, indicate your answer by circling the
appropriate option.

a) The word ‘hapless’ in line 6 can best be replaced by the word

i. unfortunate
ii. useless
iii. hopeless
iv. miserable

b) In line 20, the word ‘inherently’ can be best interpreted as

i. integrally
ii. essentially
iii. readily
iv. intuitively

c) Based on the context, the most suitable meaning of the word ‘traits’ in line 43 is
i. indications
ii. qualities
iii. gestures
iv. virtues

d) The word ‘languishing’ in line 65 can contextually mean

i. grieving
ii. failing
iii. relaxing
iv. suffering

e) The most suitable meaning for the word ‘punitive’ in line 74 as used in the paragraph is
i. vindictive
ii. disciplinary
iii. severe
iv. punishing

(5 marks)

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QUESTION 2
Identify the stated main idea of paragraph III and provide ONE MAJOR and ONE MINOR
supporting detail.

a) Stated main idea:

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

(1 mark)
b) Major supporting detail:
_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

(1 mark)
c) Minor supporting detail:
_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

(1 mark)

QUESTION 3
Indicate the topic that is most suitable for the content of paragraph V by circling the
appropriate option from the following list:

a) Domestic violence and disputes

b) The role of FBI and animal abuse
c) How animal abuse is linked to behavioural disorders
d) The relationship between animal abuse and domestic violence
(1 mark)

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QUESTION 4
Battered women report that they cannot leave home because they are worried about leaving
their pets with their abusers since they fear that their pets will be abused in their absence. If
they stay, they face the dilemma of watching their beloved pets getting beaten or kicked.
(lines 39-42).

Infer what the author means in the above text.

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

(2 marks)

QUESTION 5
Formulate the implied main idea of paragraph VII.

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

(2 marks)

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QUESTION 6
List two types of support given by the writer in paragraph VIII to strengthen the opinion that
animal cruelty can be prevented.
Provide one example for each type of support.

a) Type of support: __________________________________________________

Example: __________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

b) Type of support: __________________________________________________

Example: __________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

(4 marks)

QUESTION 7
Under the Animal Welfare Act 2015 which was passed last year in Malaysia, those found
guilty of cruelty against animals were liable to be fined between RM20,000 and RM100,000,
and jailed up to three years. It is time to enforce that law. Any form of cruelty towards
animals is not to be tolerated. Not only should punitive action be taken against abusers, but
there should also be awareness campaigns to educate the public on animal rights as well as
to educate pet owners about their responsibilities. (lines 70-76).

Infer what the author means in the above text.

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

(2 marks)

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QUESTION 8
Identify the type of support for each of the supporting details based on the following options.
Use each option only ONCE.

Personal Experience Example Statistics

Explanation Expert Opinion Research Finding

No Supporting Detail Type of

Support

a) Secondly, animal rights theorists, however, criticise these positions,

arguing that the words "unnecessary" and "humane" are subject to
widely differing interpretations. They believe that animals have
basic rights. (Paragraph III).

b) According to the American Humane Association, 13% of intentional

animal abuse cases involved domestic violence. As many as 71%
of pet-owning women seeking shelter at safe houses reported that
their partners had threatened and actually hurt or killed one or more
of their pets; 32% of these women reported that one or more of their
children had also hurt or killed pets. (Paragraph IV)

c) Moreover, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) has found that

a history of cruelty to animals is one of the traits that regularly
appears in its computer records of serial rapists and murderers.
(Paragraph V).

d) A lot of animal abuse cases involve dogs, but other animals too
have suffered cruelty at the hands of humans; for example,
monkeys, elephants, dolphins, lions, and cats. (Paragraph VI).

(4 marks)

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QUESTION 9
Write T for a statement that is TRUE and F for a statement that is FALSE.

a) The parties involved in the issue of cruelty to animals are not in agreement
over how animals should be treated.

b) Malaysia has not enforced the Animal Welfare Act 2015.

c) Fifty per cent of wildlife tourist attractions are involved in animal cruelty.

d) If a person who attempts to abuse animals is prevented from doing so and

rehabilitated, he will not abuse people.

(4 marks)

QUESTION 10
Do you think tourist attractions that use animals for entertainment purposes or profit should

be allowed to operate? Provide two reasons to support your opinion.

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

(3 marks)

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QUESTION 11
Study the statements below. Write I for inductive reasoning and D for deductive reasoning in
the boxes provided.

No Statements Types of
Reasoning

a) There are studies providing evidence of a link between animal

cruelty and violence towards humans. Conviction statistics by the
Humane Society of the United States show that people convicted
for animal cruelty are more likely to be violent to humans.
According to the American Humane Association, 13% of
intentional animal abuse cases involved domestic violence. As
many as 71% of pet-owning women seeking shelter at safe
houses reported that their partners had threatened and actually
hurt or killed one or more of their pets; 32% of these women
reported that one or more of their children had also hurt or killed
pets. (Paragraph IV).

b) Battered women report that they cannot leave home because they
are worried about leaving their pets with their abusers since they
fear that their pets will be abused in their absence. If they stay,
they face the dilemma of watching their beloved pets getting
beaten or kicked. Moreover, the Federal Bureau of Investigation
(FBI) has found that a history of cruelty to animals is one of the
traits that regularly appears in its computer records of serial
rapists and murderers. Thus, the standard diagnostic and
treatment manual for psychiatric and emotional disorders lists
cruelty to animals as a diagnostic criterion for behavioural
disorders. (Paragraph V).

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c) It appears that animal abuse can transcend to human abuse and

vice versa. In fact, research has shown that people who abuse
animals are five times more likely to inflict abuse on women and
children. If an animal abuser is stopped and rehabilitated on time,
it could stop him from potentially harming a human further down
the line. (Paragraph IX).

(3 marks)

QUESTION 12
Identify two (2) underlying assumptions that can be made in paragraph I by circling the
appropriate options.

a) People in general are concerned about animal abuse.

b) Guard dogs should not attack intruders.
c) Animal abusers will abuse people in their lives.
d) People who abuse animals should not be punished.
(2 marks)

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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