Log Equations

Mathematics Online: It’s all about Mathematics A. I.
Prilepko Solution
Logarithmic equation Page number 92 (Q. No. 125 to 261)
125. logx – 1 3 = 2 x – 1 ≠ 1 and x–1>0

⇒ (x – 1)2 = 3 x≠2 x>1
⇒ x2 + 1 – 2x = 3
⇒ x2 – 2x – 2 = 0
D = b2 – 4ac = 12
−b+ D 2±2 3 2(1 ± 3 )

Roots = = = =1± 3
2a 2 2
Since 1+ 3 satisfies the equation ∴ Final solution x ∈ { }
1 1 1
126. log4(2 log3(1 + log2(1 + 3 log3x))) = ⇒ log2(2 log3 (1 + log2 (1 + 3 log3x))) =
2 2 2
⇒ 2 log3 (1 + log2(1 + 3 log3x))) = 21 = 2 ⇒ (1 + log2 (1 + 3 log34) = 31
⇒ log2 (1 + 3 log3x) = 3 – 1 ⇒ 1 + 3 log3x = 22
⇒ 3 log3x = 3 ⇒ log3x = 1
⇒ x= 31 =3 ∴ Final solution x ∈ {3}
127. log3 (1 + log3 (2x – 7) = 1 ⇒ 1 + log3 (2x – 7) = 3 ⇒ (2x – 7) = 32

⇒ 2x = 9 + 7 = 16 ⇒ x=4 ∴ Final solution x {4}
9
128. log3 (3x – 8) = 2 – x ⇒ 32 – x = 3x – 8 ⇒ = 3x – 8 ⇒ = 3x – 8
3x
Let 3x = t
∈12
3 2 (39 − 2 x )
log
1+
9
=t–8 ⇒ 9 = t2 – 8t ⇒ 3
2t2x –38t
3 − x– 9 = 0
t
D = b2 – 4ac = 64 + 36 = 100
8 ± 10 18 2
t = 3x = = ,– = 9 ,–1 (negative value is not possible as ax >0 )
2 2 2
3x = 9 ⇒ 3x = 32 ⇒ x = 2 ∴ Final solution x ∈ {2}
129. =1 x≠3
23 8
⇒ log2 (9 – 2x) = 3 – x ⇒ 9 – 2x = (2)3 – x ⇒ 9 – 2x = x ⇒ =9–t
2 t
Now, 2x = 1, 8 ⇒ 8 = 9t – t2 ⇒ – 9t + 8 = 0
t2
⇒(t – 1) (t – 8) = 0 ⇒t = 1, 8 ⇒ x = 0, 3 but x ≠ 3
∴ Final solution x ∈ {0}
130. log5 – x (x2 – 2x + 65) = 2 ⇒ (5 – x)2 = x2 – 2x + 65 ⇒ 25 – x2 – 10x = x2 – 2x + 65

⇒ 25 – 65 = 8x ⇒ – 40 = 8x ⇒x=–5
∴ Final solution x {– 5}
1 1 1
131. log3 (log9x + + 9x) = 2x ⇒ log3 (log9x + + 32x) = 2x ⇒ – = log3x
2 2 2
1
–1 = log3x ⇒x= ∴ Final solution x ∈ { }
3
Mathematics Online: It’s all about Mathematics A. I. Prilepko Solution

132. log3(x + 1) (x + 3) = 1 ⇒ 31 = (x + 1) (x + 3) ⇒ 3 = x2 + x + 3x + 3
3 = x2 + 4x + 3 ⇒
0 = x2 + 4x ⇒ 0 = x(x + 4)
∴ x = –4, 0 since – 4 doesn’t satisfy equation ∴ Final solution x ∈ {0}
133. log7 (2x – 1) + log7 (2x – 7) = 1

Let 2x = t
log7(t – 1) (t – 7) = 1 ⇒ 71 = t2 – 7t – t + 7 ⇒ 0 = t2 – 8t ⇒ t = 0, 8
2x = 8 ⇒ x = 3
2x = 0 Impossible ∴ Final solution x {3}
134. log 5 + log(x + 10) – 1 = log (2/x – 20) – log (2x – 1) ⇒ log (5 + x + 10) – log1010 = log
5( x + 10 ) 21x − 20 x + 10 21x − 20
⇒ log = log ⇒ =
10 2x − 1 2 2x − 1
⇒ (2x – 1) (x + 10) = 42x – 40 ⇒ 2x2 – x + 20x – 10 = 42x – 40
⇒ 2x2 – 19x – 42x – 10 + 40 = 0 ⇒ 2x2 – 20x – 3x + 30 = 0
3
⇒ (2x – 3) (x – 10) = 0 ⇒ x = , 10
2
∴ Final solution x ∈ { , 10 }
1  1 1  1
135. 1 – log 5 =  log + log x + log 5  ⇒ log10 10 – log105 = [log102–1 + log10x + log1051/3]
3  2 3  3
10 1 1
⇒ log10 = [log102–1 + log10x + log1051/3] ⇒ log1023 = log102–1 + log10x + log1051/3
5 3 3
1 3  x35 16
⇒ log1023 = log10  x 5 ∈1⇒x8− =20
321
16 ⇒x= 3
2  2 5
23 25x − 1
3
∴ Final solution x ∈ { }
1  1  1 1  1 1 1 1
136. log x – log  x −  = log  x +  – log  x +  ⇒log x – log x− = log x + – log x+
2  2  2 2  8 2 2 8
1 2  
2 1
x+    x+ 1  x2 + +x
x 2  x   2 
x2 4
⇒ log = log ⇒  1  =   ⇒ =
1 1  x− 1 1 1
x− x+  2   x +  x− x+
2 8  8  2 8
 
x2 x x2 1 x
⇒ x3 + = x3 + + x2 – – – ⇒ 8(8 x3 + x2) = 8(8x3 + 2x + 8x2 – 4x2 – 1 – 4x)
8 4 2 8 2
⇒ 8x3 + x2 = 8x3 – 2x + 4x2 – 1 ⇒ 0 = 3x2 – 2x – 1 ⇒ 0 = 3x2 – 3x + x – 1
1
⇒ 0 = 3x (x –1) +1(x – 1) ⇒x=– ,1 ∴ Final solution x ∈ { – }
3
137. 3log3 log x
– logx + log2x – 3 = 0 ⇒ log x – log x + log2x – 3 = 0
1
⇒ log10 x – log10x + log102x – 3 = 0 ⇒ log10x – log10x + (log10x)2 – 3 = 0
2
⇒ log10x – 2 log10x + 2(log10x) 2 – 62 = 0 ⇒ 2(log10x)2 – log10x – 6 = 0
⇒ 2(log10x)2 – 4 log10x + 3 log10x – 6 = 0 ⇒ (2 log10x + 3) (log10x – 2) = 0
3
⇒ log10x = 2 or log10x = –
2
⇒ x = 102 = 100 or x = 10–3/2

2
( x − 2 ) + log( x − 2 ) 5 −12
138. ( x − 2) log = 102 log (x – 2) (Let log (x-2) = t )
2
( x − 2 ) + log( x − 2 )( 5 −12 )
⇒ log ( x − 2)log = log 102log (x – 2)
⇒ log (x – 2) (log2(x – 2)+ log (x – 2)5 – 12)) = log10102 log(x – 2)
⇒ t [t2 + 5t – 12)] = 2t ⇒ t3 + 5t2 – 14t = 0 ⇒ t(t2 + 5t – 14) = 0
⇒ t(t + 7)(t – 2) = 0 ⇒ t = 0, –7, 2 ⇒ log (x-2) = 0, –7, 2
⇒ x = 2 ,2 + 10–7 , 102
139. 9 log3 (1− 2 x ) = 5x2 – 5
⇒ 3 2 log3 (1− 2 x ) = 5x2 – 5

2
⇒ 3log3 (1−2 x ) = 5x2 – 5
⇒ (1 – 2x)2 = 5x2 – 5
⇒ 1 + 4x2 – 4x = 5x2 – 5
⇒ 0 = 5x2 – 4x2 – 4x – 5 – 1
⇒ 0 = x2 – 4x – 6
D = b2 – 4ac
= 16 + 24 = 40 D = 2 10
−b+ D
α= = 2 + 10 , 2 – 10
2a
140. x1 + log x = 10x

logxx1 + logx = log 10x
⇒ (log10x) (1 + log10x) = log1010 + log10x
⇒ log10x + log102x = 1 + log10x
⇒ log102x = 1
⇒ log10 x = ±1
∴ x = 10–1, 101
141. x2 logx = 10x2

⇒ log10x2.log x = log1010 + log10x2
⇒ 2 log10x (log10x) = 1 + 2 log10x
⇒ 2 log102x – 2 log10x – 1 = 0 Let log10x = t
⇒ 2t2 – 2t – 1 = 0
2t2
D = b2 – 4ac
= 4 + 8 = 12 D = 2 3
2±2 3 2(1 ± 3 ) 1± 3
t= = =
9 4 2
1+ 3 1− 3
Now, log10x = t = ,
2 2
1± 3
∴ x=
2
1± 3
⇒ log10x =
2
⇒ log10x2 = 1± 3

⇒ x2 = 101± 3
x= 101+ 3
, 101− 3
log x +5
142. 3 = 105 + log x
x
log x + 5
log x . = log10105 + log10x
3
log x + 5
⇒ log x . = 5 + log10x
3
⇒ log2x + 5 log10x = 15 + 3 log10x
⇒ log102x + 2 log10x – 15 = 0
⇒ log10x (log10x + 5) – 3(log10x + 5) = 0
⇒ (log10x – 3) (log10x + 5) = 0
⇒ log10x = 3 log10x = – 5
⇒ x= 103 x = 10–5
143. x log3 . x = 9
⇒ log3 x log 3.x = log39

⇒ log3x (log3x) = 21
⇒ log32x = 21
⇒ log3x = ± 2
⇒ x= 3 2
, 3− 2
144. ( x )log5 x −1 = 5
⇒ log5 x . log5 (x – 1) = log55
1
⇒ log5x (log5x – 1) = 1
2
1 1
⇒ log52x – log5x = 1
2 2
⇒ = log52 x – log5x = 2
⇒ = log52 x – log5x – 2 = 0
⇒ log5x (log5x + 1) – 2(log5x + 1) = 0
⇒ (log5x – 2) (log5x + 1) = 0
⇒ log5x = 2 and log5x = –1
1
⇒ x = 52 and x=
5
1
⇒ x=5 and x=
5
145. xlogx +1 = 106

⇒ log x (log x + 1) = log10106
⇒ log102x + log10x – 6 = 0
⇒ (log10x – 2) (log10x + 3) = 0
⇒ log10x = 2 log10x = – 3

⇒ x = 102 x = 10–3
log x +7
146. x 4 = 10log x + 1
x+7
⇒ log x. log = 4 log10 x + 4
4
⇒ 2
log10 x + 3 log10x – 4 = 0
⇒ 2
log10 x + 4 log10x – log10x – 4 = 0
⇒ (log10x + 4) (log10x – 1) = 0
⇒ x = 104 and x = 101
( x −2)
147. x log x
=9
⇒ x1/ 2 logx ( x −2 ) = 9
2
⇒ x logx ( x −2 ) = 9
x
⇒ ( x − 2) 2 log x x = 9
⇒⇒ (x – 2)2 – 9 = 0
⇒x2 + 4 – 4x – 9 = 0
⇒ x2 – 4x – 5 = 0
⇒ x(x – 5) + 1(x – 5) = 0
⇒ x = –1, 5 but x > 0
⇒ ∴ x= 5 is a solution
log2 x + log x2 − 2
 log x 
148.   = log x
 2 
1 2 2 1
⇒ log x log x + log x − 2 = 2 log x
2 2
log2 x + log x 2 − 2
 log x 
⇒   = log x
 2 
log2 x + log x 2 − 2
 log x 
⇒  = 2 log x
 2 
149. 3 log 2 x – log28x + 1 = 0
⇒ 3 log 2 x – (log223 + log2x) + 1 = 0
⇒ 3 log 2 x – 3 – log2x + 1 = 0
⇒ 3 log2 x – 2 – log2x = 0
2
 
⇒  3 log2 x  = (2 + log2x)2
⇒9 log2x = 4 + 4 log2x + log 22 x
⇒ 9 log2x – 4 log2x = 4 + log22x
⇒ 0 = log22x – 5 log2x + 4

⇒ 0 = log22x – log2x – 4 log2x + 4
⇒ 0 = log2x (log2x – 1) – 4(log2x – 1)
∴ log2x = 4 = 16
log2x = 1 =2
150. log2x – 3 log x = log (x2) = 4

⇒ log2x – 3 log x – 2 log x + 4 = 0
⇒ log102x – 5 log10x + 4 = 0
⇒ log102x – log10x – 4 log10x + 4 = 0
⇒ (log10x – 4) (log10x – 1) = 0
⇒ log10x = 4 log10x = 1
⇒ x= 104
⇒ x = 102
151. log1/3x – 3 log1 / 3 x + 2 = 0
⇒ – log3x – 3 − log 3 x + 2 = 0
2
 
⇒ (2 – log3x)2 =  3 − log3 x 
 
⇒ 4 + log32x – 4 log3x = – 9 log3x
⇒ log32 x + 5 log3x + 4 = 0
⇒ (log3x + 4) (log3x + 1) = 0
⇒ log3x = – 4 log3x = – 1
⇒ 3–4/3 = x 3–1 = x
1 1
⇒ x= ,
81 3
152. 2 (log x 5 )2 – 3 logx 5 +1 = 0
2 3
⇒ – +1=0
(log x) 2 log 5 x
5
2 2
⇒ 2 log52 x
– 2 log x + 1 = 0
5
⇒ 0 = 2 log52x – 3 log5x + 1
⇒ 0 = 2 log5x(log5x – 1) – 1(log5x – 1)
1
⇒ log5x = log5x = 1
2
⇒ x= 5 x=5
153. log22 x + 2 log2x – 2 = 0
⇒ log22 x + log2x – 2 = 0
⇒ (log2x – 1) (log2x + 2) = 0
⇒ log2x = 1 log2x = – 2
⇒ x= 21 x = 2–2

1
⇒ =2 =
4
154. (a logb x )2 – 5 x logb x + 6 = 0

Let x logba = t
⇒ ( x logb a )2 – 5 x logb a + 6 = 0
t2 – 5t + 6 = 0
⇒ t2 – 2t – 3t + 6 = 0
⇒⇒ t(t – 2) – 3(t – 2) = 0
⇒ (t – 3) (t – 2) = 0
⇒ log a
t=3= x b
⇒ t=2=
log 2 =
x = 2logb a x=
1
155. log2 (100x) + log2 (10x) ± 14 + log
x
1
⇒ 2
log10 10 2 + log10
2 2
x + log10 2
10 + log10 x = 14 + log
x
1
⇒ 4 + log102 x + 1 + log102 x = 14 + log
x
156. log4 (x + 3) – log4 (x – 1) xlog

3 logbxa
logb a
x+3
⇒ log4 = 2 – log 22 23
x −1
x+3 3
⇒ log4 =2–
x −1 2
x+3 1
⇒ log4 =
x −1 2
x+3
⇒ 41/2 =
x −1
⇒ 2(x – 1) = (x + 3)
⇒ 2x – 2 = x + 3
⇒ x=5
157. log4(x2 – 1) – log4(x – 1)2 = log4 4 − x 2
( x − 1)( x + 1) (4−x2 )
1
⇒ log4 = log 4 2
( x − 1)( x − 1)
x +1
⇒ log4 = log4 (4 – x2)1/2
x −1
2
 x + 1 2
⇒   =  4 − x 2 
 x − 1  

x 2 + 1 + 2x 2
= 4−x
x 2 + 1 − 2x
x−3 x −3
158. 2 log3 + 1 = log3
x−7 x −1
2
 x−3 x−3
log3   + 1 = log3  
 x − 7   x −1
2
 x −3 x−3
log3   – log3   =–1
 x −7  x −1
( x − 3) 2 x −1
log3 2 × =–1
( x − 7) x −3
( x − 3)( x − 1)
= 3–1
( x − 7) 2
x 2 − 4x + 3 1
2 =
x − 14 x + 49 3
3x2 – 12x + 9 = x2 + 14x – 49
⇒ 2x2 + 2x – 40 = 0
⇒ x2 + x – 20 = 0
⇒ x (x + 5) – 4(x + 5) = 0
(x – 4) (x + 5) = 0
x = 4, – 5
since 4 can’t satisfied the equation
∴ – 5 is a solution
159. 2 log4 (4 – x) = 4 – log2(–2 – x)

2 log22 (4 – x) + log2(–2 – x) = 4
log2 (4 – x)(–2 – x) = 4
24 = x2 – 2x – 8
0 = x2 – 2x – 8 – 16
0 = (x – 6) (x + 4)
∴ x = 6, –4
160. 3 + 2 logx + 1 3 = 2 log3(x + 1)

Let log3(x + 1) = t
2
⇒ 3 + log ( x + 1) = 2 log3(x + 1)
3
2
⇒ =3+ = 2t
t
⇒ 3t + 2 = 2t2
⇒ 0 = 2t2 – 3t – 2
⇒ 0 = 2t2 – 4t + t – 2
⇒ 0 = 2t (t – 2) + l (t – 2)
⇒ 0 = (2t + 1) (t – 2)
1
∴ log3(x + 1) = − or log3x + 1 = 2
2
x + 1 = 3–1/2 x + 1 = 32
1
x= –1 x=8
3
 3 +3
 
2–  3 
 
161. logx 9x2 . log32x = 4

2
(logx9 + logxx2) log3 x = 4
(logx32 + 2) log32x = 4
(2 logx 3 + 2) (log32x) = 4
2
2
log3 x × log32x + 2 log3 x – 4 = 0
2 log3x + 2 log32 x – 4 = 0
2 log32 x + 4 log3x – 2 log3x – 4 =0
(2 log3x – 2) (log3x + 2) = 0
log3x = –2 or log3x = 1
1
x= x=3
9
 x2 
 
162. log12/ 2 (4x) + log2  8  =8
 
– log22 4x + log2x2 – log28 = 8
– (log22 4 + log22x) + 2 log2x – 3 = 8
– 2 log222 – log22x + 2 log2x – 11 = 0
163. log 0.5 x x2 – 14 log16xx3 + 40 log4x x =0

10
4 − 2 log 3
164. 6 – (1 + 4.9 3
) . log7 x = logx7
 4  1
6 – 1 + 4.9  log7x = log x
 9 39
4 log  7
 
 4.36  1
6 – 1 +  log x =
2 log3 3 4  7 log7 x
 3 
 36 
6 – 1 + 4. 8 
 3 
165. log3 (4.3x – 1) = 2x + 1

32x + 1 = 4.3x – 1
32x . 31 = 4.3x – 1
Let 3x = t
1
= 3t2 – 4t – 1 = 0 3x =
3
3t2 – 3t – t + 1 = 0
(3t – 1) (t – 1) = 0 3x = 1

1
t= ,1 x=0
3
166. log3 (3x – 6) = x – 1

3x – 1 = 3x – 6 3x = 9
3x
= 3x – 6 x = 22
3
t
=t–6
3
t = 3t – 18
– 2t = – 18
t=9
167. log3 (4x – 3) + log3 (4x – 1) = 1

Let 4x = t
log3(4x – 3) (4x – 1) = 1 Not possible
31 = (t – 3) (t – 1) 4x = 4
3 = t2 – 4t + 3 x=1
0 = t (t – 4)
t = 0, 4
168. log3 (log1/22x – 3 log1/2x + 5) = 2

log 22 −1 x – 3 log2 −1 x + 5 = 32
⇒ – log22x + 3 log2x = 4
0 = log22x + 3 log2x + 4
0 = (log2x – 1) (log2x + 4)
∴ log2x = 4 log2x = 4
x=2 x = 16
2
2+ x
169. log5 = log 5x +1
10
2+x 2
log5 – log5 =0
10 x +1
2 x +1
×
x +1 2
log5 =0
2x + x 2 + 2 + x
= 50
20
x2 + 3x + 2 = 20
x2 + 3x – 18 = 0
+ 6x – 3x
(x + 6) (x – 3) = 0
x = 3, – 6 Not satisfied
3 Ans.
170. 1 + 2 logx + 25 = log5 x + 2

Let log5x + 2 = t 5–1 = x + 2
1 9
x= –2=–
5 5

2
1 + log x + 2 = log5 x + 2 log5x + 2 = 2
5
2
1+ =t 52 = x + 2
t
t + 2 = t2 x = 23
0 = t2 – t – 2
0 = (t – 2)–2 +1 (t + 1)
t = –1, 2
171. log424x = 2log2 4

log424x = 4
24x = 44
44x = (22)4
24x = 8
4x = 8
x=2
15
172. log2 = log x − 1 Let log2x = t
2
8
15
⇒ log2x – log24 = log x − log 8 − 1
2 2
15
⇒ log2x – 2 = log x − 3 − 1
2
x
15  
log2x – 2 = log x − 4 4
2
15
(t – 2) =
( t − 4)
(t – 2) (t – 4) = 15
t2 – 2t – 4t + 8 = 15
t2 – 6t + 8 – 15 = 0
t2 – 6t – 7 = 0
t2 – 7t + t – 7 = 0
t (t – 7) + l(t – 7) = 0
(t + 1) (t – 7) = 0
t = –1, 7
log2x = –1 or log2x = 7
1
x= x = 27
2
1 − 2(log x 2 )2
173. =1 Let log x = t
log x − 2(log x )2
2
1 − 2( 4 log10 x)
2 =1 log10x = 0
log10 x − 2 log10 x
1 – 8 log102x = log10x – 2 log102x x = 10°
0 = 6log10 2 x + log10x – 1

0 = (3 log10x – 1) (2 log10x + 1) = 0
∴ 3 log10x = 1 or 2 log10x = – 1
1 1
log10x = log10x = –
3 2
3
1
x= 10 x=
10
174. log2 (4.3x
– 6) – log2 (9x
– 6) = 1 Let 3x = t
log2(4.t – 6) – log2 (x2 – 6) = 1
4t − 6
log2 =1
t2 − 6
4t – 6 = 2(t2 – 6)
0 = 2t2 – 12 – 4t + 6
0 = 2t2 – 4t – 6
0 = t2 – 2t – 3
t2 – 3t + t – 3 = 0
∴ t (t – 3) + 1(t – 3) = 0
(t + 1) (t – 3) = 0
∴ t = 3, – 1
3x = 3
x=1
3x = – 1 Rejected
∴ Answer = 1
1 0.18
175. log (5x – 4) + log x + 1 = 2 + log 100
2
1 1
log10 (5x – 4) + log10x + 1 = 2 + log1018 – log10100
2 2
1
⇒ log10 (5x – 4) (x – 1) = log1018
2
5x2 – 4x + 5x – 4 = 324
5x2 + x – 328 = 0
2
D = b – 4ac = 1 + 6560 = 6561
D = 6561
82
x≡– ,8
10
∴ Final Ans. 8
176. log4 (2.4x – 2 – 1) + 4 = 2x
 21x 
log22  2. 2 − 1 + 4 = 2x
 4 
1  2.2 2x − 16 
 
log2  16  + 4 = 2x
2  
 2 2x +1 − 16 
 
log2  16  + 4 = 4x
 

2 2 x +1 − 16
16
177. logx 5 + logx 5x – 2.25 = (logx 5 )2
2
 11 
logx 5 + logx5 + logxx – 2.25 =  2 log x 50 
 
1 1 1
2 log5 x + log5 x + 1 – 2.25 = 4 log5 x Let log5x = t
1 1 1
+ + 1 – 2.25 =
2t t 4t
1 + 2 + 2t − 2t(2.25 ) 1
= =
2t 4t
2 + 4 + 4t – 4t (2.25) = 1
6 + 4 (t – 2.25 t) = 1 – 6
−5 5
–1 – 1.75 t = =
4 7
178. log (log x) + log (log x4 – 3) = 0

log10 [log x + 4 logx – 3] = 0
5 log x – 3 = 1
5 log10x = 4
4
log10x = Let logx = t
5
x = 104/5
⇒ 5 log2x – 3 log ? = 0
log10t + 4 log2t – 4 log 3
179. log3x – 2 log1/3 x = 6

log3x + 2log3x = 6
log3x + log3x2 = 6
x3 = 36
x3 = (32)3
x=9
2 log x
180. log(5 x − 4) = 1
⇒ 2 log x = log (5x – 4)
log x2 = log (5x – 4)
x2 – 5x + 4 = 0
x2 – 4x – x + 4 = 0
x(x – 4) –1(x – 4) = 0
(x – 1) (x – 2) = 0
x = 1, 4
Answer = 4
181. 2 log82x + log8x2 + 1 – 2x =

4
log8(2x)2 + log8 x2 – 2x + 1 =
3

4
log84x2 (x2 – 2x + 1) =
3
4x2(x2 – 2x + 1) = (23)
4x2(x2 – 2x + 1) = 24
4x2 (x2 – 2x + 1) = 16
x2 [x2 + 2x + 1] = 4
x4 + 2x3 + x2 – 4 = 0
4
2 log82x + log8(x2 + 1 – 2x) =
3
4
2[log82 + log8x] + log8 x2 – 2x + 1 =
3
(x + 1) (x3 – 3x2 + 4x – 4)
(x – 2) (x2 – x + 2)
Thus (x – 1) (x – 2) (x2 – x + 2) are its factor
since 1 can’t satisfies, 2 satisfies the answer
∴ Answer = 2
1 1
182. log2(x – 2) – = log1/8 3x − 5
6 3
1 1
log2 (x – 2) = = log2−3 3x − 5
6 3
1 1 1
log2 (x – 2) – =– log2(3x – 5)1/2
6 3 3
1 1
log2 (x – 2)1/6 . (3x – 5)1/6 =
6 3
1
= log2 (x – 2)1/6 . (3x – 5)1/6 =
3
((x – 2)(3x – 5))1/6 = (2)1/3 × 6
if 9 multiplied power by, get
3x2 – 6x –5x + 10 = 4
3x2 – 11x + 6 = 0
3x (x – 3) – 2(x – 3) = 0
2
x= ,3
3
2
Since doesn’t satisfic equation
3
∴ final answer = 3
183. 2 log3(x – 2) + log3 (x – 4)2 = 0

log3(x – 2)2 + log3 (x – 4)2 = 0
2 log3(x – 2) + 2 log3 (x – 4) = 0
2[log3(x – 2) (x – 4)] = 0
x2 – 2x – 4x + 8 = 3° D = b2 – 4ax
x2 – 6x + 8 – 1 = 0 36 – 28 = 8
x2 – 6x + 7 = 0 D =2 2

6±2 2
∴ x=
2
(3 ± 2 )
=2
2
=3+ 2,3– 2
184. log2 (2 x 2 ). log 4 16 x = log4x3 let log2x = t
(log2 2 + log 2 x 2 )(log4 16 + log 4 x ) = 3 log4x
 1 
⇒ (1 + 2 log 2 x ) 2 + log2 x  = 3 log x
 2  2 2
2
  2
 (1 + 2t )  2 + t   3 
=  =  t
  2   2 
4+t 2
(1 + 2t)   = 9t
 2  4
2 (4 + 8t + t + 2t2) = 9t2
0 = 9t2 – 4t2 – 18t – 8
0 = 5t2 – 18t – 8
0 = 5t2 – 20t + 2t – 8
0 = 5t (t – 4) + 2(t – 4)
0 = (5t + 2) (t – 4)
2
∴ t = 4, –
5
2
∴ log2x = 4 log2x = –
5
x = 24 x = (2)–2/5 can’t satisfied me
x = 16
3 log x + 19
185. 3 log x − 1 = 2 logx + 1 Let log10x = t
3 t + 19
= 2t + 1 log10x = 2
3t − 1
5
3t + 19 = (2t + 1)(3t – 1) log10x = –
3
3t + 19 = 6t2 + 3t – 2t –1 x = 10– 5/3
0 = 6t2 – 2t – 20
0 = 3t2 – t – 10
0 = 3t2 – 6t + 5t – 10
0 = (3t + 5) (9t – 2)
log( x + 1 + 1)
186. =3
log 3 x − 40

 3 
log ( x + 1 + 1) = 3  log x − 40 
 
log x + 1 + 1 = logx – 120
120 = logx – log x +1 – 1
187. log326 – log32 2 = (log2x – 2) log3121

log32 2 + log323 – log322 = (log2x – 2) log312
(log3x)2 = (log102x – 2) (log33 + log34)
1 1
188. 1– log (2x – 1) = log (x – 9)
2 2
1 1
1= log (x – 9) + log (2x – 1)
2 2
1
1= [log (x – 9) (2x – 1)]
2
2 = log10 2x2 – 19x + 9
102 = 2x2 – 19x + 9
0 = 2x2 – 19x – 91
0 = 2x2 – 26x + 7x – 91
0 = 2x (x – 13) + 7(x – 13)
0 = (2x + 7) (x – 13)
7
x=– , 13
2
x = 13 Ans.
log x + 7 − log 2
189. =–1
log 8 − log( x − 5)
x+7
log10 2
8 =–1
log10 x −5
x+7 8
log10 = ? – log10
2 x −5
190. log(3x2 + 7) = log (3x – 2) = 1

log (3x2 + 7) = 1 log (3x – 2) = 1
101 = 3x2 + 7 101 = 3x – 2
3 = 3x2 12 = 3x
x=1 x=4
log (3x2 + 7) – log (3x – 2) = 0
3x 2 + 7
log = 0
3x − 2
3x2 + 7 = 3x – 2
3x2 – 3x + 9 = 0
x2 – x + 3 = 0
1 1
191. log(x2 – 16x + 20) – log 3
7 = 3 log (8 – x)
3

1 1
[log10x2 – 16x + 20 – log107] = log108 – x
3 3
x 2 − 16x + 20
log10 = log108 – x
7
x2 – 16x + 20 = 56 – 7x
x2 – 16x + 20 – 56 + 7x = 0
x2 – 9x – 36 = 0
– 12 + 3
x(x – 12) + 3(x – 12) = 0
(x + 3) (x – 12) = 0
∴ x = –3, 12
makes the x < 1 rejected
x = –3 Ans.
192. log63x + 3 – log6 3x – 2 = x
2x + 3
log6 =x
3x − 2
2x + 3
= 6x
3x − 2
2x + 3
= 2x . 3x
3x − 2
2x
3x 2x 9
3x = × x = 2x .3x
8 3
32
 1 
193. 1 +  log 3 + log 2 = log (27 – 2
3)
 2x 
194. log(5x – 2 + 1) = x + log 13 – 2 log 5 + (1 – x) log 2
196. log2(4x + 1) = x log2(2x + 3 – 6)
 2x 
 
log2 (22x + 1) = x + log2  8 − 6 
 
198. log3 (9x + 9) = x + log3 (28 – 2 . 3x)
199. log (log x) + log (log x3 – 2) = 0 Pattern may be same of Q.No. 178
log10 [log x + logx3 – 2] = 0
4 log x – 2 = 1
3
log x =
4
x = 103/4
Answer has been given is 110.

200. log 5 4x – 6 = – log 2x– 1 = 2
5
4x − 6
log 5 =2 Let 2x = t
2x − 2
t2 − 6
2 log5 =2 2x = 4
t−2
t2 − 6
log5 =1 2x = 4 x=6
t−2
t2 − 6
= 5a1 ∴ x=2
t−2
t2 – 6 = 5t – 10
t2 – 5t + 4 = 0
t(t – 1) – 4(t – 1) = 0
t = 4, 1
 x 24  1 log 4 x
 
203. log  3 − x  = 2 + 4 log 16 –
 2  2
log2 x −log x
 1 1
204.   = . 5logx – 1
5 125
2
3 log2 x − log x
3
205. x 3 = 100 10
206. log2 (25x + 3 – 1) = 2 + log2 (5 x + 3 + 1)
9
210. log2(2x2) . log2 (16x) = log22x
2
9
(log22 + log2x2) (4 + log24) = log22 x
2
9
(1 + 2 log2x) (4 + log2x) = log22x
2
⇒ 2 [4 + 8 log2x + log2x + 2log22x] = 9 log22x
⇒ 8 + 16 log2 x + 2 log2x + 4 log22x = 9 log22 x
0 = 5 log22x – 18 log2x – 8 Let log2x = t
0 = 5t2 – 18t – 8t
D = b2 – 4ac
= 324 + 160
= 484
D = 22
18 ± 22 40
t= = =4
10 10
2
∴ log2x = 4 log2x = –
5
x = 24 x = (2)– 2/5

16 = 2 – 2/5
 1 
211. log44 + 1 +  log3 = log  3 3 + 27 
 2 x  
since radical should be defined
1
1+
log44 + log 3 = log  x 3 + 27 
24
 
log (4.3 . 31/2x) = log (31/x + 27) Let 31/x = t
12.t = t2 + 27 31/x = t
0 = t2 – 12t + 27
0 = t2 – 9t – 3t + 27
0 = (t – 9) (t – 3)
∴ t = 9, 3
1
x = 1,
2
3
212. log(x3 + 27) – log (x2 + 6x + 9) = log 7
( x 2 + 6x + 9)1/ 2
log (x + 3) (x2 – 3x + 9) – log = log 7
( x + 3) 2
 ( x + 3)( x 2 − 3 x + 9) 
log10   = log 7
 ( x + 3)  10
x2 – 3x + 9 – 7 = 0
x2 – 3x + 2 = 0
x2 – 2x – x + 2 = 0
x(x – 2) – 1(x – 2) = 0
(x – 1) (x – 2) = 0
x = 1, 2
213. 5log x = 50 – xlog 5

5log x + xlog 5 = 50 Let log10x = t
5log x + 5log x = 50 x = 102 = 100
5t + 5t = 50
2.5t = 50
5t = 25
t=2
1
3 log x −
log x 3
215. x = 10
2
3 log x −1
log x 3
x = 10
3 log2 x −1
log x 3
log x = log 10
3 log2 x − 1 1
log x . = log 10
log x 3
1
3 log2x – 1 =
3

4
3 log2x =
3
4
log102x =
9
2
log10x = ±
3
x = (10)2/3 , (10–2/3
216. |x – 10| log2 (x – 3) = 2(x – 10)

log2 (x – 3)|x – 10| = 2(x – 10)
(x + 10) log2(x – 3) = 2(x – 10)1 – (x + 10) log2(x – 3) = 2(x – 10)
log2(x – 3) = 2 log2(x – 3) = – 2
x – 3 = 29 (x – 3) = 2–2
1 1 13
x=7 (x – 3) = ⇒x= +3 =
4 4 4
217. log4 log2x + log2 log4x = 2 log2x = t

1 1
log2 log2x + log2 log2x = 2 2x = 4
2 2
1 t
log2t + log 2 =2 x = 24
2 2
log2 t1/2 + log2t – log22 = 2
log2t1/2 + log2t – log22 = 2
log2t1/2 + log2t = 3
1
log2t + log2t = 3
2
log2t + 2 log2t = 6
3 log2 t = 6
t = 22 = 4
218. (6x – 5) |ln (2x + 2.3)| = 8 ln (2x + 2.3)

8ln (2 x + 2.3)
(6x – 5) = | ln (2x + 2.3) |
Ist 6x – 5 = – 8
6x = 13
13 1
x= =– It is not in answer
6 2
IInd 6x – 5 = 8 The right answer
13 −13
6x = 13 = ,
6 20
13
x=
6
219. log9 9 x 8 − log3 3 x = log3x3
= log9 9 + log9 x 8 .(log3 3 + log3 x ) = 3 log3x

2
 8 
=  1 + log3 x.(1 + log3 x )  = (3 log3x)2
 2 
= (1 + 4 log3x) (1 + log3x) = 9 log32 x
(1 + 4t) (1 + t) = 9t2
0 = 9t2 – 4t2 – 5t – 1
0 = 5t2 – 5t – 1
D = b2 – 4ac = 25 + 20 = 45
5±3 5
t=
10
log3x = t
5±3 5
log3 x =
10
5±3 5
x=3
10
220. log2 (100x) – log2 10x + log2x = 6

2 2
log102 102 + log102x – [log10 10 + log10 x] + log102x = 6
2 2
4 + log10 − 1 − log10 x =6
2
log10 x= 3
log10x = 3
2
221. 9 log1/ 3 ( x +1) = 5log1/ 5 ( 2 x +1)
x−7
 
2 log ( x +1) log ( 2 x 2 +1)
 x −1
3 −1 5−1
3 = 5
2−2 –1
3 −2 log3 ( x +1) = (2x + 1)
(x + 1)–2 = (2x2 + 1)–1
1 1
=
( x + 1)2 2
2x + 1
2x2 +1= + 1 + 2x x2
2x2 – x2 – 2x = 0
x2 – 2x = 0
x(x – 2) = 0
x = 0, 2
 x − 1
223. 2 log2 + log2   =1
 x + 1
x 2 + 49 − 14 x x −1
log2 × =1
( x − 1)( x − 1) x +1
x 2 + 490 − 14 x
⇒ =2
x2 − 1
⇒ x2 + 49 – 14x = 2x2 – 2
⇒ x2 + 14x – 2 – 49 = 0
x2 + 14x – 51 = 0
x2 + 17x – 3x – 51 = 0

x(x + 17) – 3(x + 17) = 0
∴ x = – 17, 3→can’t satisfy the equation.
∴ x = – 17 only
1 3 1
225. log (1 + x) + log (1 – x) = log (1 – x2)
2 2 2
1 1
= [log (1 + x) + log (1 – x)3] = log (1 – x2)
2 2
1+ x
log = log (1 – x2)
(1 − x )2 (1 − x )
1+ x
⇒ log – log(1 – x2) = 0
(1 − x )2 (1 − x )
1+ x
=0
(1 − x )3
log10
1− x2
(1 + x ) 1
3 × =1
(1 − x ) (1 + x )(1 − x )
1
log10 =0
(1 − x )4
log10 (1 – x)–4 = 0
– 4 log10 (1 – x) = 0
100 = 1 – x
x=0
log(35 − x 3 )
226. =3
log(5 − x )
log (35 – x3) = 3 log (5 – x)
log (35 – x3) = log(5 – x)3
35 – x3 = 125 – x3 – 15x (5 – x)
35 – 125 = – 75x + 15x2
0 = 15x2 – 75 x + 90
0 = x2 – 5x + 6
0 = x2 – 2x – 3x + 6
∴ x = 2, 3
7
227. logx2 – log4x + =0
6
1 1 7
log2 x – 2 log2x + 6 = 0
6 – 3 log22 x ± 7 log2x = 0
3 log22 x – 9 log2x + 2 log2x – 6 = 0
(3 log2x + 2) (log2x – 3) = 0
3 log2x = – 2 log2x = 3
2
log2x = – x = 23
3
x = 2 – 2/3 x=8

229. log 2 x – 0.5 = log2 x
1 1
log 2 x = log2x +
2 2
1
log 2 x = [log2x + 1]
2
4 log2x = log22x + 1 + 2 log2x
0 = log22 x – 2 log2x + 1
0 = log2x (log2x – 1) – 1(log2x – 1)
0 = log2x – 1
1 = log2x
x=2
  1 x   1  2x 
230. log1/3 2 ×   − 1 = log    − 4
  2   1/3   2  
x 2x x
 1  1  1
2   –1=   –4 Let   =t
2 2 2
x x
 1  1  1
2   –   .   =–3
2 2 2
⇒ 2t – t2 = 3
⇒ 0 = t2 – 2t – 3
⇒ 0 = t(t + 1) – 3(t + 1)
⇒ (t – 3) (t + 1) = 0
⇒ t = 3, –1
x
 1
Q   =t
2
x
 1
  = – 1, 3 –1 not defined
2
x
 1
log   = log 3
2
log 2–x = log 3
– x log 2 = log 3
log 3
– x = log 2
x = – log23 Ans.
1 1
231. log6(x – 2) + log6(x – 11) = 1
2 2
1
log6 (x – 2) (x – 11) = 1
2
log6 x2 – 13x + 22 = 2
x2 – 13x + 22 = 62
x2 – 13x + 22 – 36 = 0
x2 – 13x – 14 = 0
x2 – 14x + x – 14 = 0
x(x – 14) + 1(x – 14) = 0
(x + 1)(x – 14) = 0
x = 14 Ans.
–1 is not defined
1/ 2
233. log7 2 + log72 x = log 7 −1 (3)
1 1
log72 + log7x = – log73
2 2
1 1
log72 + log73 + log7x = 0
2 2
2 log72 + log7 3 + log7x = 0
log7 12 = – log7x
x = – 12
3
237. log3x + log32x = 1 Let log3x = t
x
3
log3
x + log 2 x = 1 log3x = 0
3
log3 3 x
log3 3 − log3 x
2
log3 3 + log3 x + log 3 x = 1 log3x = 1
1− t
+ t2 = 1 x=1
1+ t
1 – t + t2 (1 + t) = 1 + t x = 3–2
t3 + t2 – 2t = 0
t(t2 + t – 2) = 0
t2 + t – 2 = 0
t(t + 2) – 1(t + 2) = 0
t = 1, 2
Ans. 1, 3, 3–2
246. log4(x + 12) logx2 = 1
1 x + 12
log log x = 1
2 2
log2 (x + 12) = 2 log2x

log2 x + 12 = log2x2
x + 12 = x2
0 = x2 – x – 12
0 = x2 – 4x + 3x – 12
0 = x(x – 4) + 3(x – 4)
x = 4, 3 not satisfied
∴ 24 Ans.
247. log16x + log4x + log2x = 7

1 1
log2x + log2x + log2x = 7
4 2
log2 x + 2 log x + 4 log2 x

=7
4
7 log2x = 28
log2x = 4

x = 16
1
248. log 10 + log (3 2 x
+ 271) = 2
3
1 2 x
log (3 + 271) = 1
3
log10 (3 2 x
+ 271) = 3
32 x
+ 271 = 103
32 x
= 1000 – 271
32 x = 279
32 x = 36 ⇒ 2 x =6
x =3 ⇒ ( x )2 = 9 ⇒ x=9
250. log5 (3x + 10) + 7.10 = log5 (9x + 156)

Detective Question for me and how can I solve
3
251. (log4x – 2) log4x = (log4x – 1)
2
2(log4x – 2) log4x = 3 log4x – 3 Let log4x = t
(2t – 4) t = 3t – 3
2t2 – 4t – 3t + 3 = 0
2t2 – 7t + 3 = 0
2t2 – 6t + t + 3 = 0
2t (t – 3) – 1(t – 3) = 0
1
t = 3,
2
1
∴ log4x = 3,
2
x = 43 , (4)1/2
x = 64, 2
252. log5x + log25x = log1/5 3
1 1
log5x + log5x = – log5 3
2 2
2 log5x + log5x = – log 53
– 3 log5x = log53
log5x–3 = log5 3
(x–3)1/3 = (3)– 1/3
1
x= 3
3
254. log2 (9 – 2x) = 3 – x

23 – x = 9 – 2x Let 2x = t

23
= 9 – 2x 2x = 1
2x
8
=9–t 2x = 8
t
8 = 9t – t2 x=3
t2 – 9t + 8 = 0
t2 – 8t – t + 8 = 0
t (t – 8) – 1 (t – 8) = 0
(t – 1) (t – 8) = 0
t = 1, 8
x = 0, x = 3 Ans.
x
255. 2(log 2 – 1) + log (5 + 1) + log (51− x
+ 5)
 5 
2(log 2 – 1) + log (5 x
+ 1) + log  + 5 
5 x 
1
256. logx3 + log3x = log 3 + log3 x +
x 2
1 2 1 1
log3 x + log3x = log3 x + 2 log3x + 2
1 2 t 1
+t= + +
t t 2 2
1+ t 2 2 + t2 + t
=
t 2t
2 + 2t2 = 2 + t2 + t
t2 – t = 0 Q log3x = 0
t = 0, 1 x = 30 = 1
log3x = 1 ⇒ x=3
259. logx 125x . log225 x = 1 (log5 2 x )2
2
log5 125 x 1 
2  log5 x 
log5 x . log5 2x = 1 2 
log5 53 + log5 x 1
. log25x = 1
log5 x 2
3+t t2
. =1
t 4
3t 2 + t 3
=1
4t
t(3t + t2) = 4t
t2 + 3t – 4 = 0
t2 + 4t – t – 4 = 0
t(t + 4) – 1(t + 4) = 0
(t – 1) (t + 4) = 0
t = 1, – 4
∴ log5x = 1, –4
= 5, 5–4It’s all about Mathematics
MathematicsxOnline: A. I. Prilepko Solution

Log Equations

Transféré par

Informations du document

Copyright

Formats disponibles

Partager ce document

Partager ou intégrer le document

Options de partage

Avez-vous trouvé ce document utile ?

Ce contenu est-il inapproprié ?

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

Log Equations

Transféré par

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

Mathematics Online: It’s all about Mathematics A. I.

Logarithmic equation Page number 92 (Q. No. 125 to 261)

125. logx – 1 3 = 2 x – 1 ≠ 1 and x–1>0

−b+ D 2±2 3 2(1 ± 3 )

Since 1+ 3 satisfies the equation ∴ Final solution x ∈ { }

127. log3 (1 + log3 (2x – 7) = 1 ⇒ 1 + log3 (2x – 7) = 3 ⇒ (2x – 7) = 32

130. log5 – x (x2 – 2x + 65) = 2 ⇒ (5 – x)2 = x2 – 2x + 65 ⇒ 25 – x2 – 10x = x2 – 2x + 65

Mathematics Online: It’s all about Mathematics A. I. Prilepko Solution

133. log7 (2x – 1) + log7 (2x – 7) = 1

Mathematics Online: It’s all about Mathematics A. I. Prilepko Solution

⇒ 3 2 log3 (1− 2 x ) = 5x2 – 5

140. x1 + log x = 10x

141. x2 logx = 10x2

Mathematics Online: It’s all about Mathematics A. I. Prilepko Solution

⇒ log3 x log 3.x = log39

⇒ log5 x . log5 (x – 1) = log55

145. xlogx +1 = 106

Mathematics Online: It’s all about Mathematics A. I. Prilepko Solution

149. 3 log 2 x – log28x + 1 = 0

⇒ 3 log 2 x – (log223 + log2x) + 1 = 0

Mathematics Online: It’s all about Mathematics A. I. Prilepko Solution

150. log2x – 3 log x = log (x2) = 4

151. log1/3x – 3 log1 / 3 x + 2 = 0

152. 2 (log x 5 )2 – 3 logx 5 +1 = 0

153. log22 x + 2 log2x – 2 = 0

Mathematics Online: It’s all about Mathematics A. I. Prilepko Solution

154. (a logb x )2 – 5 x logb x + 6 = 0

156. log4 (x + 3) – log4 (x – 1) xlog

157. log4(x2 – 1) – log4(x – 1)2 = log4 4 − x 2

Mathematics Online: It’s all about Mathematics A. I. Prilepko Solution

159. 2 log4 (4 – x) = 4 – log2(–2 – x)

160. 3 + 2 logx + 1 3 = 2 log3(x + 1)

161. logx 9x2 . log32x = 4

163. log 0.5 x x2 – 14 log16xx3 + 40 log4x x =0

165. log3 (4.3x – 1) = 2x + 1

Mathematics Online: It’s all about Mathematics A. I. Prilepko Solution

166. log3 (3x – 6) = x – 1

167. log3 (4x – 3) + log3 (4x – 1) = 1

168. log3 (log1/22x – 3 log1/2x + 5) = 2

170. 1 + 2 logx + 25 = log5 x + 2

Mathematics Online: It’s all about Mathematics A. I. Prilepko Solution

171. log424x = 2log2 4

Mathematics Online: It’s all about Mathematics A. I. Prilepko Solution

176. log4 (2.4x – 2 – 1) + 4 = 2x

Mathematics Online: It’s all about Mathematics A. I. Prilepko Solution

177. logx 5 + logx 5x – 2.25 = (logx 5 )2

178. log (log x) + log (log x4 – 3) = 0

179. log3x – 2 log1/3 x = 6

181. 2 log82x + log8x2 + 1 – 2x =

Mathematics Online: It’s all about Mathematics A. I. Prilepko Solution

183. 2 log3(x – 2) + log3 (x – 4)2 = 0

Mathematics Online: It’s all about Mathematics A. I. Prilepko Solution

184. log2 (2 x 2 ). log 4 16 x = log4x3 let log2x = t

(log2 2 + log 2 x 2 )(log4 16 + log 4 x ) = 3 log4x

Mathematics Online: It’s all about Mathematics A. I. Prilepko Solution

log x + 1 + 1 = logx – 120

120 = logx – log x +1 – 1

187. log326 – log32 2 = (log2x – 2) log3121

190. log(3x2 + 7) = log (3x – 2) = 1

Mathematics Online: It’s all about Mathematics A. I. Prilepko Solution

192. log63x + 3 – log6 3x – 2 = x

194. log(5x – 2 + 1) = x + log 13 – 2 log 5 + (1 – x) log 2

196. log2(4x + 1) = x log2(2x + 3 – 6)

198. log3 (9x + 9) = x + log3 (28 – 2 . 3x)