Maniquis, Seludo 1

Sean Maniquis, Cullen Seludo

Walker

US History

28 April 2018

Annotated Bibliography

Primary Sources

“Amateurism.” ​NCAA​, http://www.ncaa.org/amateurism, www.ncaa.org/amateurism. Accessed

13 Mar. 2018.

This source tells us an important rule of the NCAA, which is amateurism. We discovered

that not only can student athletes get paid, but they cannot use their liking at all to make

profit. We used this source in order to gain background information on the topic at hand.

Anthony, Carmelo. Interview. 27 Feb. 2018. The main idea of this interview is NBA star

Carmelo Anthony stating how the NCAA is corrupt and what they should do. I

discovered that Carmelo Anthony even stated that high school kids would soon not play

in college because of how corrupt the organization is. Even, saying that the National

Basketball Association would have to step up to resolve the issue. This helped me with

my project because it showed how a former NCAA athlete would come up with a

compromise and the cons of not paying NCAA athletes.

“Eligibility Center.” ​NCAA​, www.ncaa.org/student-athletes/future. Accessed 12 Mar. 2018.

The main idea of this source is to show what a student athlete must go through in order to

participate in the NCAA. Students must go through a registration process and select what

division they want to be in. They are given vital information in order to guide them in
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choosing what is best for the athlete. We used this source to gain insight on what a

student athlete might see if they were to registrate for the NCAA.

National Collegiate Athletic Association. “Recruiting Fact Sheet.” 1 Mar. 2018,

www.ncaa.org/sites/default/files/Recruiting%20Fact%20Sheet%20WEB.pdf. Accessed

12 Mar. 2018. Infographic.

The main idea of this source is to show the basic requirements on becoming an NCAA

athlete. As well, as statistics on Divisions and FAQs on the NCAA. I discovered new

statistics on how many college athletes are competing from Division 1 to 3. Also, the

amount of people going professional after their tenure in the NCAA. This source will

help me on how to be a NCAA athlete and what’s the percentage of me being a

professional athlete. It also will help other people get familiar about the NCAA and what

it is all about.

“Raw Video: Reggie Bush On USC Sanctions.” ​YouTube​, uploaded by WDSU News, 16 June

2010, www.youtube.com/watch?v=mwfZFkxmhN8. Accessed 27 Apr. 2018.

The main idea of this video is to showcase Reggie Bush’s reflections on the situation. We

have learned that this situation has greatly hurt him in the long run. We have used this

source as additional information towards our website.

Sherman, Richard Kevin. Interview. 30 Jan. 2015.

The main idea of the interview was professional football player Richard Sherman

explaining how hard it was being a student-athlete at Stanford. He went into detail on the

stress it was balancing student life with his football life. Also, how college athletes don’t

really have the knowledge of balancing out money in school. This source, gave me a
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sense on what college athletes go through on a day to day basis during their time in

school.

Simmons, Ben. “Kneading Dough.” ​One & Done​, directed by Josh Swade, Showtime, 2016.

Interview.

The main idea of this source is to showcase Ben Simmons’ journey to being picked

number one in the NBA. Through this source, we have learned Ben’s feelings towards

multiple things and his struggles going into the NCAA. We used this source to gain

insight on how an actual NCAA player feels toward the subject.

“What is the NCAA?” ​NCAA​, www.ncaa.org/about/resources/media-center/ncaa-101/what-ncaa.

Accessed 12 Mar. 2018.

The main idea of this source is to state what exactly the NCAA is. According to this

source, the NCAA is a “member-led organization dedicated to the well-being and lifelong

success of college athletes”. We used this source in order to gain essential background

information to understand the topic.

​Secondary Sources

Bhagat, Mihir. “Reggie Bush Heisman Scandal: Former USC Star Running Back Returns

Heisman Trophy.” ​Bleacher Report​, 14 Sept. 2010,

bleacherreport.com/articles/462705-reggie-bush-heisman-former-usc-star-returns-trophy-

for-ncaa-ineligibility. Accessed 20 Mar. 2018.

The main idea of this source is to showcase reactions of when Reggie Bush gave up his

Heisman trophy. Many other Heisman winners felt like it was wrong to have Bush turn in
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his trophy, as he was still the best player that year. We used this source in order to see

how people reacted towards the scandal.

Brautigan, Bailey. “Cam Newton and 10 College Athletes in Scandal: Is It Their Fault or the

System?” ​Bleacher Report​, 10 Nov. 2010. Accessed 23 Mar. 2018.

The main idea of this source is to judge whether past scandals were the athletes fault or

the systems. We learned many different scandals that occurred within the NCAA. We use

this source in order to give more examples of the mistreatment of athletes.

“Breaking News: Stephen A. Smith reacts to FBI probe into college basketball.” ​YouTube​,

uploaded by ESPN, 23 Feb. 2018, www.youtube.com/watch?v=U25laJyufZ4. Accessed

27 Apr. 2018.

This main idea of this source is ESPN analyst Stephen A. Smith talking about the recent

probe allegations surrounding college basketball. It’s important because college

basketball has a history of corruption and it’s only getting worse as the years go on. This

will help us with our project because it helps give us insight about the allegations from

the analysts who have been covering sports their entire career.

Electronic Arts Sports, EA Sports. A video game avatar with the same physical attributes and

jersey number of Ed O’Bannon who is suing the N.C.A.A. 19 June 2013. New York

Times, 19 June 2013,

www.nytimes.com/2013/06/20/sports/high-stakes-games-critical-step-for-suit-seeking-pa

yment-for-college-athletes.html. Accessed 13 Mar. 2018. The main idea of this picture is

to show former college basketball star Ed O’Bannon’s avatar appearing in the game

without his consent. What I learned was that the NCAA would still not pay college
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athletes even after their career in athletics and would still use their likeness in video

games. Also, Ed O’Bannon filed a lawsuit against the NCAA because of this. This source

will help me by showing how the NCAA would still not pay their athletes after their

career in their sports. Furthermore, not asking player’s permission on using them in their

games.

Davis, Scott. A picture of the Fab Five posing with a basketball and a basketball hoop. Digital

file.

The main idea of this picture is to showcase who the “Fab Five” were. The Fab Five of

Michigan contained Chris Webber, Jalen Rose, Juwan Howard, Jimmy King, and Ray

Jackson. We used this photo in order to help complete our timeline scaffold.

Deutsch, Robert. “Coach K Price Tag.” 3 Dec. 2015. 3 Dec. 2015,

www.complex.com/sports/2015/12/jay-bilas-interview/. Accessed 12 Mar. 2018. The

main of this picture shows how Duke head coach Mike Krzyewski gets paid a large

amount of money each week for coaching Duke University. I discovered how the coaches

get paid a large amount of money from the NCAA from a salary. This source will show

how the NCAA doesn’t care about their players but rather the coaches. It will also expose

the amount of money the coaches receive on a weekly basis from the NCAA.

Mandel, Stewart. “Why the NCAA won’t be paying college athletes anytime soon.” ​FOX Sports​,

edited by Stewart Mandel, 15 Nov. 2016,

www.foxsports.com/college-football/story/ncaa-ed-o-bannon-supreme-court-pay-for-play

-mandel-101316. Accessed 17 Nov. 2017.

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The main idea of this source is to show why the NCAA won’t be paying their college

athletes anytime in the near future. Also, it showed the cons of of why paying athletes is a

bad thing. The author claimed that the NCAA won’t be paying their athletes in the future

due to conflicts if they were to pay them. This source gave me information on why

college athletes should not be paid at all in the near future.

Mulkas, Petra. LiAngelo Ball (3) and LaMelo Ball takes part in their first training session for the

Vytautas on Jan. 5 in Lithuania. 5 Jan. 2018. LonzoWire, 9 Feb. 2018,

lonzowire.usatoday.com/2018/02/09/liangelo-lamelo-ball-lithuania-lavar-vytautas/.

Accessed 20 Mar. 2018.

The main idea of this photo is how future college athletes don’t always go as plan. Both

LaMelo and LiAngelo Ball were ranked high to most college scouts, but since the NCAA

has interfered with their father’s vision they all of a sudden moved to Lithuania and

played professionally there. I discovered that UCLA suspended LiAngelo Ball for a long

duration of time after his incident in China. This will help surely help us with our project

because if more high school standouts see how the NCAA treats their players, they might

have to play professionally somewhere else to get money. Both LaMelo and LiAngelo

Ball are proof that you don’t need to be with the NCAA to make money doing the sport

you love.

National Collegiate Athletic Association. Map of all the major universities in each state. 18 Mar.

2016. 18 Mar. 2016, westbullseye.com/1109/sports/should-college-athletes-be-paid/.

Accessed 13 Mar. 2018.

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The main idea of this image is to showcase all of the major schools in each

state associated with the NCAA. I discovered where the colleges are located at in each

state. In addition, to the numerous colleges for one state such as California having

UCLA, Cal. Also, Texas having Texas Tech and Texas Christian University. This will

help me with my project by showing me the amount of colleges that are in each state and

also the significant colleges that associate with the NCAA.

Nicholson, Lucy. University of Southern California tailback Reggie Bush (5) leaps over UCLA

cornerback Marcus Cassel (15) to score a touchdown in the second quarter in Los

Angeles, December 3, 2005. 3 Dec. 2005. Time Magazine, 12 June 2010,

content.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1996300,00.html. Accessed 15 Mar. 2018.

The main idea of this image is to show Reggie Bush’s skills on the football field and why

he was so well-known. I discovered that Reggie Bush was a running back for the

powerhouse school of University of Southern California. Also, the University of

Southern California are rivals with UCLA. This will help with the project by showing

how Reggie Bush’s college career was really good and why he won the Heisman Trophy

Award.

Patterson, Tiffany. “Should College Athletes Be Paid?” ​Smart Assest​, 28 Sept. 2013,

smartasset.com/retirement/should-student-athletes-be-paid. Accessed 4 Dec. 2017.

The main idea of this source, like our other sources, is to give more insight into the the

topic at hand. The author discussed the many benefits and disadvantages if NCAA

athletes were to be paid. She stated that opinions differ when it comes to this subject. We
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used this source to get even more reasons why college athletes should be paid and why

they should not.

Peebles, Maurice. “7 Common Sense Reasons Why College Athletes Should Be Paid (According

to Jay Bilas).” ​Complex​, 3 Dec. 2015,

www.complex.com/sports/2015/12/jay-bilas-interview/. Accessed 17 Nov. 2017.

The main idea of this article is to support the idea of paying college athletes. There are

seven reasons to why they should be paid, according to Jay Bilas, an expert in the field of

college sports. The author quoted Jay Bilas in how everyone is not restricted in their

earnings except the players themselves. We have used this article to gain insight of why

people might support this side of their argument.

Petchesky, Barry. This picture shows AJ Green in a “ready” stance. Digital file.

The main idea of this photo is to showcase who/what AJ Green’s jersey looked like

during his time at college. At the time, Georgia’s football jerseys were red and black. We

used this source in order to make our timeline look more complete.

Pick, David. “What Are LiAngelo and LaMelo Ball Getting Themselves into in Lithuania?”

Bleacher Report​, 13 Dec. 2017,

bleacherreport.com/articles/2748999-what-are-liangelo-and-lamelo-ball-getting-themselv

es-into-in-lithuania. Accessed 20 Mar. 2018.

The main idea of this source is to showcase what type of lifestyle LiAngelo Ball and

Melo Ball will be living while at Lithuania. At Lithuania, Melo and LiAngelo Ball will

live the ultimate life of going to practice and getting back home. We used this source in

order to show what impact the many scandals has on new athletes.
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Pennington, Tom. The North Carolina Tar Heels celebrate after defeating the Gonzaga Bulldogs

during the 2017 NCAA Men’s Final Four National Championship game at University of

Phoenix Stadium on April 3, 2017 in Glendale, Arizona. The Tar Heels defeated the

Bulldogs 71-65. 3 Apr. 2017. ABC News, 4 Apr. 2017,

www.abcactionnews.com/sports/college-sports/north-carolina-beats-gonzaga-in-ugly-ga

me-to-win-schools-sixth-ncaa-mens-basketball-title. Accessed 20 Mar. 2018.

The main idea of this picture was to showcase the NCAA champions North Carolina in

the March Madness finale. I discovered that while the coaches and the NCAA receive

money from revenue, the players would only receive championship shirts and hats with

money not being a prize. This will help with the project because the players are the ones

that make everyone tune in and watch. If they are the champions, they would certainly

need a prize for their efforts on winning the entire tournament. The NCAA made a close

1 billion in the 2016-2017 Men’s College Basketball season.

Reed, Ken. “Solution Regarding Paying College Athletes or Not is Simple.” ​Huffington Post​, 13

Nov. 2016, www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/solution-regarding-paying_b_8556872.html.

Accessed 17 Nov. 2017.

The main idea of this article is to give a fairly simple solution to the argument at hand.

The solution was to let the athletes benefit from their fame and likeness just like every

other student at universities. We used this website to see what people might think about

the situation. This gave us more insight into the problem.

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Ross, Theordore. “Don’t Pay College Athletes.” ​newrepublic.com​, edited by Theodore Ross, 1

Sept. 2015, newrepublic.com/article/122686/dont-pay-college-athletes. Accessed 4 Dec.

2017.

The primary reason for this article, was to show how college athletes don’t deserve to get

paid by the NCAA. As well, as the cons of paying the athletes and how it could affect

their education in a negative way. The author elucidates that paying college athletes

would make them focus more on the money rather than their education. Their education

is handed to them while millions of other students are fighting for that same spot. The

source gave me more factual evidence on why the NCAA should not pay their college

athletes because they way it has affected their education.

Ruinard, Ken. Basketball star Zion Williamson announces Duke as his college choice from

Spartanburg Day School on Saturday, January 20, 2018. He chose between Clemson,

South Carolina, Duke, Kentucky, and North Carolina. 20 Jan. 2018. Greenville News, 22

Jan. 2018,

www.greenvilleonline.com/story/sports/college/2018/01/22/zion-williamson-duke-social-

media-recruiting-twitter/1053102001/. Accessed 20 Mar. 2018.

The main idea of this image was to show upcoming players in the NCAA. The one of the

most talked about high school players would be Zion Williamson of Spartanburg Day

High School. I discovered that Zion Williamson was the #1 Player out of South Carolina

during his tenure in high school. This will help with the project because it will show how

the hype for upcoming players draws more attention to the NCAA. More attention means

more revenue for the organization and none for the players.
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Sherman, Richard Kevin. Interview. 30 Jan. 2015. The main idea of the interview was

professional football player Richard Sherman explaining how hard it was being a

student-athlete at Stanford.He went in to detail on the stress it was balancing student life

with his football life. Also, how college athletes don’t really have the knowledge of

balancing out money in school. This source, gave me a sense on what college athletes go

though on a day to day basis during their time in school.

Schlabach, Mark. “FBI wiretaps show Sean Miller discussed $100K payment to lock recruit.”

ESPN​, 25 Feb. 2018,

www.espn.com/mens-college-basketball/story/_/id/22559284/sean-miller-arizona-christia

n-dawkins-discussed-payment-ensure-deandre-ayton-signing-according-fbi-investigation.

Accessed 13 Mar. 2018.

The main idea of this source is to spotlight how Sean Miller, a coach in the NCAA, gets

caught by the FBI trying to give payment to ensure a NCAA athlete to go to their school.

We discovered that the NCAA is firm on keeping the rules enforced, as they got the FBI

involved. This source helps our project because it gives good background information as

it gave us an outside circumstances.

Schrotenboer, Brent. “Court slams NCAA in Reggie Bush USC violations case.” ​USA Today​, 7

Dec. 2015,

www.usatoday.com/story/sports/ncaaf/2015/12/07/court-slams-ncaa-reggie-bush-usc-viol

ations-case-todd-mcnair/76958960/. Accessed 14 Mar. 2018.

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The main idea of this source is the Reggie Bush scandal that took place years ago. We

discovered that Reggie Bush forfeit his Heisman trophy because of this incident. This

helped our project because it is a main event of the conflict at hand.

Terrill, Mark J. ​USC’s O.J. Mayo​. Digital file.

This photo showcases O.J. Mayo in his USC basketball uniform. Here in this photo, you

can see O.J. Mayo getting up to take a lay up. We used this photo in our timeline.

Walch, Jared, and Blake Marshall. “Should athletes be paid to play?” ​USA Today College​, USA

Today, 20 Oct. 2016, college.usatoday.com/2016/10/20/should-athletes-be-paid-to-play/.

Accessed 17 Nov. 2017.

The main idea of this source is to discuss the topic of if college athletes should be paid.

There are multiple reasons stated of why or why not athletes should be paid. For

example, the author stated that these athletes do their sports at a high level, however they

are doing so voluntarily, as no one has told the athletes to participate. We have used this

article to gain more knowledge within the subject, and to get a better grasp of the

argument.

Wilbon, Michael. “College athletes deserve to be paid.” ​Espn.com​, edited by Michael Wilbon, 18

July 2011,

www.espn.com/college-sports/story/_/id/6778847/college-athletes-deserve-paid.

Accessed 17 Nov. 2017.

The main idea of this source was to show why college athletes deserved to be paid. Also,

how it would be a good thing if they were actually paid.

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The author explained, that the NCAA is a billion dollar industry and they won’t share a

dime with the athletes who are making them money. This source gave me a better

understanding on why college athletes should be paid for making the NCAA a spectacle.

Williams, Lauren. Here is a picture of the several NCAA team logos in the shape of a map.

Digital file.

The main idea of this source is to showcase the many teams of the NCAA. The most

important idea of this source is the many teams within the NCAA. We used this source in

order to use it in our website.

Yankah, Ekow N. “Why N.C.A.A. Athletes Shouldn’t Be Paid.” ​The New Yorker​, 14 Oct. 2015,

www.newyorker.com/news/sporting-scene/why-ncaa-athletes-shouldnt-be-paid.

Accessed 4 Dec. 2017.

The main idea of this source is to give valid reasons why NCAA athletes should not be

paid. The author stated that if we were to pay these athletes it would “put the patient out

of his misery”. According to the author, paying college athletes would “fail to recognize

the value of sports as a part of education”. We used this source in order to gain more

reasons to why others may not be supporting the idea of paying NCAA athletes.