TABLE OF CONTENT

DECLARATION ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii
CERTIFICATE iv
ABSTRACT v
LIST OF FIGURES 3
LIST OF TABLES 4
CHAPTER 1- INTRODUCTION Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.1 General Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.1.1 Structural Limitations Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.2 Veneer Masonry Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.3 Energy Dissipation Devices Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.3.1 Semi-Interlocking Masonry Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.3.2 Uniformity and Rusticity Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.3.3 Serpentine Masonry Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.3.4 Concrete Block Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.3.5 A-Jacks Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.4 Stonework Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.5 Gabions Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.6 Passive Fire Protection (PFP) Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.7 Brickwork Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.7.1 Load Bearing Masonry Walls Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.7.2 Reinforced Masonry Walls Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.7.3 Hollow Masonry Walls Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.7.4. Composite Masonry Walls Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.7.5. Post-tensioned Masonry Walls Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.8 Bracing Systems Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.8.1 Vertical Bracing Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.8.2 Horizontal Bracing Error! Bookmark not defined.

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 1.8.3 Types of Bracing Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER 2 – LITERATURE REVIEW Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER 3 - OBJECTIVE Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER 4 - METHODOLOGY Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.1 General Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER 5 – PROBLEM FORMULATION Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.1 Plan Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.2 Material Properties Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.3 Loading Consideration Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.4 Load Combinations Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.5 Load Calculation Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.6 Bracings Used Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER 6 - ANALYSIS AND COMPUTER OUTPUT Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.1 General Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.2 Deflection outcome Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.2.1 Structure without Bracing Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.2.2. Structure with Tube Bracing Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.2.3. Structure with Pipe Bracing Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.2.4. Structure with Concrete Bracing Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.2.5. Structure With Tube Bracing Infilled With Concrete Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.2.6. Structure with Pipe Bracing Infilled with Concrete Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER 7 - RESULT Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER 8 - CONCLUSION Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER 9 – FUTURE SCOPE Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER 10 - REFRENCES Error! Bookmark not defined.

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 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Name Of Figure Page Number

Number
5.1 Plan 20
5.2 3D Model 20
5.3 3D Model Of Structure With Bracing 23
6.1 3D Model of Deflection In Considered 26
Structure
6.2 Graph Showing Storey Displacement of 29
Structure without Bracing
6.3 Graph Showing Storey Displacement Of 31
Structure With Tube Bracing
6.4 Graph Showing Storey Displacement of 34
Structure with Pipe Bracing
6.5 Graph Showing Storey Displacement of 36
Structure with Concrete Bracing

6.6 Graph Showing Storey Displacement of 39

Structure With Tube Bracing Infilled With
Concrete
6.7 Graph Showing Storey Displacement of 41
Structure with Pipe Bracing Infilled with
Concrete
7.1 bar Graph Showing Comparison of Deflection 42
Results from Different Cases

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 LIST OF TABLES

Table Name Of Table Page Number

Number
5.1 Values Of Loads And Factors Used For 21
Analysis Of The Structure
5.2 Load Combinations And Their Load Factors 22
5.3 Value Of Eqxi Calculation For Each Floor Of 22
The Structure
5.4 Different Bracing And Material Of Bracing 23
Used For Seismic Strengthening Of Structure
6.1 Deflection In Structure When It Has No 27
Bracing
6.2 Deflection In Structure When It Has Tube 29
Bracings
6.3 Deflection In Structure When It Has Pipe 32
Bracings
6.4 Deflection In Structure When It Has Concrete 34
Bracings
6.5 Deflection In Structure When It Has Tube 37
Bracing Filled With Concrete
6.6 Deflection In Structure When It Has Pipe 39
Bracing Filled With Concrete
7.1 Comparison Of Deflection In Structure For 42
Different Considered Cases