Tehnical University of Gheorghe Asachi Iași

Environmental Engineering
Hygrotermal computation
Gafița Constantin-Flavian
gr. 3211a

Civil Engineering
Denumirea elementului de anvelopă Element's surfaces cardinally oriented [𝒎𝟐 ] Surface
North South East West [𝒎𝟐 ]

Exterior walls 223,57

A 55.39 A=46.69 A=86.71 A=78.01

Windows Parter 0 3,36 5,40 0,72 23,04

Etaj 0 3,36 5,40 2,52
Exterior acces doors Parter 0 0 1,89 0 1,89

Etaj 102,27 0 0 0

Superior plate (over ground floor) 102,27 102,27

Planșeul inferior (peste subsol) 102,27 430

Anvelope's area 430 Plate over

ground floor
Inferior plate( over the basement) 90,96 First floor height 90,96 Whole
warmed
Ground Floor's height 3 Warmed Volume 2,80 volume

Warmed Volume 525

Element Layer no. Building Thickness of Thermic Specific Total thermic
material of the layer d [m] conductivity ʎ thermic resistance of
each layer Resistance the envelope's
[𝒎𝟐 × 𝒌/𝒘] element R
[d/ ʎ] [𝒎𝟐 × 𝒌/𝒘]
Exterior wall Thermic 0 0.125
resistance of the
interior surface
of the wall

1 Interior 0.01 0.93 0.01

plastering

2 Brickwork 0.24 0.8 0.3

masonry
2,98
3 Thermal 0.10 0.04 2.5
insulation

4 Exterior 0.005 0.93 0.005

plastering
polymeric
reinforces
0.04
Thermal resistance of building elements
Slab under unheated garret:

R=1/8+2.635+1/12=2.843 𝑚2 𝑘/𝑤

No Material type Thickness [m] ʎ[w/mk] d/ ʎ[𝒎𝟐 𝒌/𝒘]

1 Interior plaster 0.01 0.87 0.011
2 Reinforced concrete 0.10 1.74 0.057
3 Expanded polystirene 0.10 0.044 2.273
4 Wooden board 0.05 0.17 0.294
Total (R`) 2.635
Interior Plaster - Mortar of cement and lime - 𝜌𝑎 = 1700 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3

Reinforced concrete - 𝜌𝑎 = 2500 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3

Expanded polystirene - cellular polysterine 𝜌𝑎 = 20 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3

Wooden board - Pine and fir perpendicular 𝜌 = 550 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3

R`=2.635 [𝑚2 𝑘/𝑤]

U`=1/R`=0.380 [𝑤/𝑚2 𝑘]
Slab over unheated basement

R=1/6+2.468+1/12=2.718 𝑚2 𝑘/𝑤

No Material type Thickness[m] ʎ[w/mk] ʎ for d/ʎ[𝒎𝟐 𝒌/𝒘]

1 Gypsum plates 0.01 0.41 mozaic 0.024
2 Polystyrene 0.1 0.044 2.273
3 Reinforced concrete 0.1 1.74 0.057
4 Support layer parquet PLA 0.01 0.216 0.57 0.017
Support layer ceramic tiles 0.87
5 Ceramic tiles 0.02 0.8 0.51 0.01
Parquet 0.17
Total (R`) 2.381

4)support layer for parquet : Matchwood plates PLA R`=2.381 [𝑚2 𝑘/𝑤]

type homogeneous filled 𝜌𝑎 = 600 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3 U`=0.420 [𝑤/𝑚2 𝑘]

support layer for ceramic tilesȘ mortar of cement and lime 𝜌𝑎 = 1700 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3

parquet - pine and fir perpendicular

R=1/8 +∑ 𝑑/ʎ+1/12=1/8+0.024+2.273+0.057+0.017+0.01+0.041=2.588 𝑚2 𝑘/𝑤]

Mozaic : Ah=4.25x5.20+6.05x3.95=46 𝑚2 Ah=46%*A ʎ4=46/100*0.216+54/100*0.87=0.57[w/mk]

At=99.96 -->Au=53.96 𝑚2 Au=54%*A ʎ5=0.51[w/mk]

Adjusted thermal resistance
∑ 𝜓×𝑙
𝑈 ′ = 1/𝑅′ = 1/𝑅 + [𝑊/𝑚2 𝑘]
𝐴

Facade N A=55.39 m2

No Type of thermal bridge Ψ l [m]

[𝒘/𝒎 × 𝒌] Ψxl
[𝒘/𝒌]

1 Vertical joint - External corner 3x0.12 5.80 2.088

2 Vertical joint - Internal corner 0x0.02 5.80 0.116
3 Vertical joint "T" joint 1x0.082 5.80 0.476
4 Horizontal joint with interior slab 0.12 12.25 1.47
5 Horizaontal joint with upper slab 0.12 12.25 1.47
6 Horizontal joint with inferior slab 0.22 12.25 2.695
7 Cornice - horizontal joint 0.14 12.25 1.715
8 Windows + door frames 0.18 6.2 1.116
Total 11.146

3
1 11.146
𝑙8 = ∑ 𝑃𝑖 = 2 × (0.5 + 1.2) + 2 × (0.5 + 1.2) + 2 × (1.2 + 1.8) = 12.8 𝑈′ = + = 0.376[𝑤/𝑚2 𝑘]
2.98 46.69 × 5.8
𝑖=1
𝑙1 = 𝑙2 = 𝑙3 = 𝐻𝑝 + 𝐻𝑒 = 6
𝑅 ′ = 1/𝑈 ′ → 𝑅 ′ = 2.660 [𝑤/𝑚2 𝑘]
𝑙4 = 𝑙5 = 𝑙6 = 𝑙7 = 12.25
Facade S A=46.69 m2

No Type of thermal bridge Ψ l [m]

[𝒘/𝒎 × 𝒌] Ψxl
[𝒘/𝒌]

1 Vertical joint - External corner 2x0.12 5.80 1.392

2 Vertical joint - Internal corner 0x0.02 5.80 0
3 Vertical joint "T" joint 1x0.082 5.80 0.476
4 Horizontal joint with interior slab 0.12 8.05 0.966
5 Horizaontal joint with upper slab 0.12 8.05 0.966
6 Horizontal joint with inferior slab 0.22 8.05 1.771
7 Cornice - horizontal joint 0.14 8.05 1.127
8 Windows + door frames 0.18 25.6 4.608
Total 11.306

3 1 11.306
𝑈 ′ = 2.98 + = 0.377[𝑤/𝑚2 𝑘]
𝑙8 = ∑ 𝑃𝑖 = 8 × 1.7 + 4 × 3 = 25.6 46.69×5.8
𝑖=1
𝑙1 = 𝑙2 = 𝑙3 = 𝐻𝑝 + 𝐻𝑒 = 6 𝑅 ′ = 1/𝑈 ′ → 𝑅 ′ = 2.653 [𝑤/𝑚2 𝑘
𝑙4 = 𝑙5 = 𝑙6 = 𝑙7 = 8.05
Facade E A=86.71 m2

No Type of thermal bridge Ψ l [m]

[𝒘/𝒎 × 𝒌] Ψxl
[𝒘/𝒌]

1 Vertical joint - External corner 3x0.12 5.80 2.088

2 Vertical joint - Internal corner 1x0.02 5.80 0.116
3 Vertical joint "T" joint 1x0.082 5.80 0.476
4 Horizontal joint with interior slab 0.12 14.95 1.794
5 Horizaontal joint with upper slab 0.12 14.95 1.794
6 Horizontal joint with inferior slab 0.22 14.95 3.289
7 Cornice - horizontal joint 0.14 14.95 2.093
8 Windows + door frames 0.18 19.98 3.600
Total 15.25

3
1 15.25
𝑙8 = ∑ 𝑃𝑖 + 0.9 + 2 × 2.10 = 2 ×= 19.98 𝑈′ = + = 0.366[𝑤/𝑚2 𝑘]
2.98 86.71 × 5.8
𝑖=1
𝑙1 = 𝑙2 = 𝑙3 = 𝐻𝑝 + 𝐻𝑒 = 5.8 𝑅 ′ = 1/𝑈 ′ → 𝑅 ′ = 2.732 [𝑤/𝑚2 𝑘]
𝑙4 = 𝑙5 = 𝑙6 = 𝑙7 = 14.95
A=14.95x5.8
Facade W A=78.01 m2

No Type of thermal bridge Ψ l [m]

[𝒘/𝒎 × 𝒌] Ψxl
[𝒘/𝒌]

1 Vertical joint - External corner 2x0.12 5.80 1.392

2 Vertical joint - Internal corner 0x0.02 5.80 0
3 Vertical joint "T" joint 2x0.082 5.80 0.951
4 Horizontal joint with interior slab 0.12 13.45 1.614
5 Horizaontal joint with upper slab 0.12 13.45 1.614
6 Horizontal joint with inferior slab 0.22 13.45 2.960
7 Cornice - horizontal joint 0.14 13.45 1.883
8 Windows + door frames 0.18 15 2.700
Total 13.114

3
1 13.114
𝑙8 = ∑ 𝑃𝑖 = 8 × (60 + 60) + 2 × 2.70 = 15 𝑈′ = + = 0.364[𝑤/𝑚2 𝑘]
2.98 78.01 × 5.8
𝑖=1
𝑙1 = 𝑙2 = 𝑙3 = 𝐻𝑝 + 𝐻𝑒 = 5.8 𝑅 ′ = 1/𝑈 ′ → 𝑅 ′ = 2.747 [𝑚2 𝑘/𝑤]
𝑙4 = 𝑙5 = 𝑙6 = 𝑙7 = 13.45
 ` ∑𝐴 46.69+46.69+86.71+78.01
𝑅𝑚 =∑ = = 2.709[𝑚2 𝑘/𝑤]
𝐴∗𝑈 ` 46.69∗0.376+46.69∗0.377+86.71∗0.366+78.01∗0.364

Global coefficient of thermal insulation

Awalls=258.1 𝑚2
`
G=1/V*(258.01/𝑅𝑚 +102.27/R1+102.27/R2) +0.34*1=1/525*(258.1/2.709+102.27/2.381+102.27/2.635)
+0.34*0.5=0.33+0.17=0.5 [w/𝑚3𝐾 ]

Envelope element Area Adjusted thermal Coefficient for A* 𝝉/R`

A[𝒎𝟐 ] resistance temperature
R' [𝒎𝟐 𝒌/𝒘] correction 𝝉[−]
Slab over the 90.96 2.381 1 38.20
basement R1
Slab under unheated 90.96 2.635 1 34.52
garret R2
Walls 258.01 2.709 1 16.69
The annually necessary of thermal energy
24 12 24
Q= ∗ 𝑐𝑁20 𝐺 − (𝑄𝑖 + 𝑄𝑠)= *0.90*4080*0.5-(7+19.05)=18 [kwh/𝑚3 ]
1000 1000

Q=3.125*17=56.25[kwh/𝑚3 ]

Placement Suceava (t=20 Celsius degrees)

12
𝑁20 =4080 [kdays]
c=0.90- Heating instalation having thermostat adjusting device thermal plant with manually adjustment

Qi=7 [kwh/𝑚3 ]

Cardinal orientation 𝑰𝑮𝒋

South 420
West/East 210
North 100
𝐴𝐹𝑖𝑗 100𝑥0.4𝑥46.69 420𝑥0.4𝑥55.39 210𝑥0.4𝑥86.71 210𝑥0.4𝑥78.01
𝑄𝑠 =∑𝑖𝑗 𝐼𝐺𝑗 𝑔𝑖 = 0.4*( + + + )=19.05[kwh/𝑚3 ]
𝑉 525 525 525 525

gi=0.4 - triple windows with 2 surafces treated against IR rays

Annual necessary of fuel and the annual emission of carbon dioxide

The annual neccesary of fuel : 56.25*0.10*174.71=982,74 𝑚3 natural gas

The annual emissions of carbon dioxide : 56.25*0.19*174.71 =1867,21 𝑚3 𝐶𝑂2