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Objective: In the previous semester the students have studied Analog communication as a core course.
Today, digital communication is part and parcel of voice, video and data oriented services. The objective
of this course is to make the students learn about various ways in which analog signals are transmitted as
digital stream using various keying techniques. The course also deals with different impairments that take
place during transmission, their estimation and remedial measures. The transmission data rate and
bandwidth are the main concerns in digital communication systems. Various modulation techniques that
can be used to take care of these in different applications are also dealt with.
PART – A
01 Introduction (02 Hrs)
Sources and Signals, Signal Processing Operations in Digital Communication,
Selection of channels for Digital Communication.
02 Digital coding of Analog Waveforms (12 Hrs)
Sampling Theorem, Quadrature Sampling, Reconstruction of message, Flat top
Sampling, Pulse amplitude modulation, Time Division Multiplexing. PCM,
Quantization, Quantization Noise in PCM, Non-uniform quantization, DPCM, Delta
Modulation, Noise in DM, ADM, T1 system.
03 Base band Shaping for Data Transmission (08Hrs)
Digital formats for Data, ISI problem, ideal Solution, raised cosine spectrum,
Correlative coding, Eye pattern, Base band transmission of M-ary data, Adaptive
equalization, case study -receiver.
04 Detection & Estimation (10Hrs)
Model of Digital Communication System, Gram-Schmidt Orthogonalization
procedure, geometric interpretation of signals, response of bank of correlators to noisy
input, detection of known signals in noise, probability of error, correlation receiver,
matched filter receiver, detection of signals with unknown phase in noise. Estimation:
concept and criteria, maximum likelihood estimation.
PART- B
05 Digital Modulation Techniques (10Hrs)
Digital Modulation formats- ASK, FSK, PSK, Cohérent modulation techniques,
cohérent quadrature modulation techniques- QPSK, MSK, Non-cohérent modulation
techniques, Comparison of binary & Quaternary modulation techniques, M-ary
modulation techniques, , power Spectra, Bandwidth Efficiency, Bit v/s Symbol error
Probabilities, Synchronisation and Applications. Use of OFDM for better spectrum
performance.
06 Spread Spectrum Modulation (08Hrs)
Pseudo noise sequences, notion of spread spectrum, direct sequence spread coherent
binary PSK, signal space dimensionality and processing gain, probability of error,
Frequency hop spread spectrum, Applications.
PART- C LABORATORY
Design and Testing of circuits for the following Digital Communication concepts.
Realizing PCM, ADM and DM schemes with various bits and to check errors in
detection, Four bit PCM/TDM generation and detection, Effect of various noises on
data retrieval, Generate error detection and correction codes introduce errors and
detect, Digital keying schemes and detection at given rates, calculation of Bandwidth
requirement by introducing filters. QPSK and MSK schemes, Orthogonal signal
generation and to show they are orthogonal, Generation of Pseudo random , Walsh and
Barker codes, Spread Spectrum DSS and FHSS generation and detection.
Note: 1. Few Experiments to be conducted using Hardware.
2. All experiments to be conducted using MATLAB and LABVIEW.
Reference Books
1 Simon Haykin: ”Digital Communications” –John Wiley, 2003.
2 Bernard Sklar:”Digital Communication Fundamentals and Applications”-Pearson Education, 2e,
2004.
3 K. Sam Shanmugam: ”Digital and Analog Communication Systems” –John Wiley, 2002.
4 H.P.HSU:”Analog and Digital Communications”–Tata McGraw Hill, II edition, 2006.
PART-B
05 Mixed Signal Design: Mixed signal description, Analog to digital and Digital to analog (06 Hrs)
conversion, Mixed technology description, Design Processing.
06 Case study: To take a project involving Digitization, encoding, decoding, analog (06 Hrs)
conversion and design, simulate and synthesize. Design tradeoff Analysis.
Reference Books:
1 K. Ogata, “Modern Control Engineering” PHI, 2004.
2 Nagarath and Gopal,” Control Systems Engineering”, New Age International Pvt Ltd,
2007.
3 Ogata K “Discrete time Control Systems”, Pearson Education, 2004.
4 Satyanarayana, P.S., “Concepts of Control Systems”,Dynaram,Bangalore,2001.