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    This document summarizes a conference paper that proposes a mechanism to explain the origin of highly saline fluids in some epithermal base metal deposits. The paper studies fluid inclusions from the Cerro de Pasco deposit in Peru, which show a decrease in salinity over time from 16.2% to 2.7% NaCl equivalent, despite no evidence of boiling. The authors propose that mixing of a magmatic brine previously exsolved and stored at depth with a lower-salinity fluid directly exsolved from a new magma batch could explain the rise of high-salinity magmatic fluids into the shallow epithermal environment, without requiring mixing with meteoric waters at depth.

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    This document summarizes a conference paper that proposes a mechanism to explain the origin of highly saline fluids in some epithermal base metal deposits. The paper studies fluid inclusions from the Cerro de Pasco deposit in Peru, which show a decrease in salinity over time from 16.2% to 2.7% NaCl equivalent, despite no evidence of boiling. The authors propose that mixing of a magmatic brine previously exsolved and stored at depth with a lower-salinity fluid directly exsolved from a new magma batch could explain the rise of high-salinity magmatic fluids into the shallow epithermal environment, without requiring mixing with meteoric waters at depth.

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    15 vues2 pages

    Rottier Abs

    Transféré par

    Holisterf05LP
    This document summarizes a conference paper that proposes a mechanism to explain the origin of highly saline fluids in some epithermal base metal deposits. The paper studies fluid inclusions from the Cerro de Pasco deposit in Peru, which show a decrease in salinity over time from 16.2% to 2.7% NaCl equivalent, despite no evidence of boiling. The authors propose that mixing of a magmatic brine previously exsolved and stored at depth with a lower-salinity fluid directly exsolved from a new magma batch could explain the rise of high-salinity magmatic fluids into the shallow epithermal environment, without requiring mixing with meteoric waters at depth.

    Droits d'auteur :

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    Signaler comme contenu inapproprié
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    Origin of saline fluids in epithermal base metal


    deposits

    Conference Paper · June 2014

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    3 authors, including:

    Bertrand Rottier Kalin Kouzmanov


    University of Bayreuth University of Geneva
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    Goldschmidt Conference

    Origin of saline fluids in epithermal


    base metal deposits
    B. ROTTIER 1*, K. KOUZMANOV 1, L. FONTBOTÉ 1
    1
    University of Geneva, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland
    (*correspondence: Bertrand.Rottier@unige.ch)

    Certain epithermal base metal deposits have fluid


    inclusion salinities as high as 22 wt% NaCl equiv. [1].
    Typical intermediate density fluids exolving directly from a
    magma have salinities between 3 and 8 wt% NaCl equiv.
    Fluid salinities above this values are generally explained by
    boiling and/or mixing with basinal brines. However, in some
    epithermal base metal deposits, neither boiling nor mixing
    with basinal brines could be evidenced [1]. Other studies [2,
    3] suggest deep mixing of magmatic brines with meteoric
    water to explain the rise and recording of these “high salinity”
    fluids in the epithermal environment.
    Based on fluid inclusion analyses from the early
    mineralizing stages at Cerro de Pasco, central Peru, we
    propose another mechanism to explain such “high salinity”
    fluids in the shallow epithermal environment. Early
    mineralization is characterised by an early stage of pyrrhotite-
    dominated pipes that grade outwards into massive Fe-rich
    sphalerite and galena rims. During a subsequent mineralizing
    event, a massive pyrite-quartz body was emplaced followed
    by a new stage of polymetallic mineralization.
    In the present work, primary and pseudo-secondary fluid
    inclusion assemblages (FIAs) in quartz and Fe-rich sphalerite
    from the first stage and in quartz from the second one, have
    been studied. No evidence of boiling has been observed. FIAs
    show a progressive salinity decrease with time from 16.2 to
    2.7 wt% NaCl equiv. at relatively constant homogenization
    temperature (280-220°C). Oxygen isotope analyses in quartz
    from the pyrite-quartz body revealed a strong magmatic
    signature of the fluids [4]. The results are compatible with
    mixing between two magmatic fluids, a brine previously
    exsolved from the magma and stored at depth, and a low-
    salinity one (~3 wt% NaCl equiv.), exsolving directly from a
    new magma batch. This mechanism, can explain the rise of
    fluids derived from magmatic brines, known to be rich in base
    metals and therefore explaining the high Zn-Pb-(Ag) grades
    of such deposits, whithout invoking mixing with meteoric
    fluids at considerable depth.

    [1] Albinson et al. (2001) Econ. Geol. SP8, 1-32. [2]


    Simmons (1991) Econ. Geol. 86, 1579-1601. [3] Bendezu
    (2007), Terre & environnmenent, 66, 167p. [4] Baumgartner
    et al. (2008) Econ. Geol. 103, 493-537.

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