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oleh
Dr.Ir. Ika Amalia Kartika, MT.
Model Linier :
y = 0 + 1x,
Pasangan (x, y) yang memenuhi persamaan y = 0 + 1x,
merupakan sebuah garis lurus dengan kemiringan 1 dan titik
potong 0. x adalah independent variable dan y merupakan
dependent variable.
Analisis Ragam
Derajat Sum
Sumber kebebasan Mean Squares
squares FO
ragam (MS)
() (SS)
TOLAK Ho :
FoR > F, 1, n - 2
Analisis Ragam
Sumber ragam Sum squares (SS)
n n
TOTAL SST = yi2 - ( yi)2/n
i=1 i=1
r2 = SSR/SST = 1 – SSE/SST
>>> r2 model regresi linier
Contoh kasus I :
The following data is representative of that reported in the article
« an experimental correlation of oxides of nitrogen emissions from
power boilers based on field data », with x = burner area liberation
rate (MBtu/hr - ft2) and y = NOx emission rate (ppm)
Observation x y Observation x y
1 100 -150 8 250 400
2 125 140 9 250 430
3 125 180 10 300 440
4 150 210 11 300 390
5 150 190 12 350 600
6 200 320 13 400 610
7 200 280 14 400 670
Fungsi Linierisasi
y = ex Y = ex. Y' = ln Y, x' = x
0 = ln , 1 =
ln Y = ln + x + ln ' = ln
y = x Y = x. Y' = log Y, x' = log x
0 = log , 1 =
log Y = log + log x + log Y' = 0 + 1x' + ' ' = log
y = + log x Y' = Y, x' = log x
Y = + log x + 0 = , 1 = , ' =
y = + . 1/x Y' = Y, x' = 1/x
Y = + . 1/x + 0 = , 1 = , ' =
1 = [n x'iy'i – (x'i)(y'i)] / [n x'i2 – (x'i)2]
0 = [y'i – 1 (x'i)] / n
Contoh kasus II :
The following data is representative on mass rate of burning x
and flame length y of filter paper.
Observation x y Observation x y
1 1.7 -1.3 8 3.3 2.6
2 2.2 -1.8 9 4.1 4.1
3 2.3 -1.6 10 4.3 3.7
4 2.6 -2.0 11 4.6 5.0
5 2.7 2.1 12 5.7 5.8
6 3.0 2.2 13 6.1 5.3
7 3.2 3.0
y = 0 + 1x1 + 2x2 +
The model describes a plane in the two-dimensional x1
and x2 space.
y : dependent variable
x1 and x2 : independent variables
0 : intercept of the plane
1 and 2 : regression coefficient
Model Regresi Lengkung :
y = 0 + 1x + 2x2 + ... + kxk
Y = 0 + 1x + 2x2 + ... + kxk +
Untuk k = 2 model kuadratik
k = 3 model kubik
SSE = i2 = (yi – (0 + 1xi + 2xi2 + ... + kxik))2
minimalkan SSE untuk mendapatkan nilai2 0, 1,
2, ..., k
n0 + 1 xi + 2 xi2 + ... + k xik = yi
0 xi + 1 xi2 + 2 xi3 + ... + k xik+1 = xiyi
... ... ... ... ...
X = y
n xi xi2 ... xik 0 yi
X = y
X' X = X' y Eliminasi Gauss
-1
atau = (X' X) X' y
Error Variance, 2 :
2 = SSE/(n – (k + 1)) = (yi – ŷi)2/(n – (k + 1))
Coefficient of multiple determination, R2 :
R2 = 1 – SSE/SST SST = ( yi2) - ( yi)2/n
Contoh kasus III :
The article « a simulation – based evaluation of three cropping
systems on cracking clay soils in a summer rainfall
environenmet » proposed a quadratic model for the
relationship between water supply index (x) and farm wheat
yield (y). Representative data appears below.
Observation x y Observation x y
1 1.2 790 8 2.9 1420
2 1.3 950 9 3.1 1625
3 1.5 740 10 3.2 1600
4 1.8 1230 11 3.3 1720
5 2.1 1000 12 3.9 1500
6 2.3 1465 13 4.0 1550
7 2.5 1370 14 4.3 1560