TERMODINAMICA TECNICA II MEC 2250: TRABAJO PRACTICO FUERA DE AULA No.

5;
CICLOS DE POTENCIA DE VAPOR.

26-04-2018
ORDEN:
El estudiante debe resolver cada uno de los siguientes problemas, partiendo de los conceptos fundamentales, expuestos en los textos
de la asignatura, debe emplear bastante creatividad para elaborar la solución y presentar el informe técnico, cuando juzgue
necesario puede utilizar software.

1. How do the following quantities change when a simple ideal Rankine cycle is modified with reheating?
Assume the mass flow rate is maintained the same.
Pump work inpu t: (a) increases, (b) decreases, (c) remains the same
Turbine work (a) increases, (b) decreases, output: (c) remains the same
Heat supplied: (a) increases, (b) decreases, (c) remains the same
Heat rejected: (a) increases, (b) decreases, (c) remains the same
Moisture content (a) increases, (b) decreases, at turbine exit: (c) remains the same

2. A simple Rankine cycle uses water as the working fluid. The boiler operates at 6000 kPa and the
condenser at 50 kPa. At the entrance to the turbine, the temperature is 4508C. The isentropic efficiency
of the turbine is 94 percent, pressure and pump losses are negligible, and the water leaving the
condenser is subcooled by 6.38C. The boiler is sized for a mass flow rate of 20 kg/s.
a) Determine the rate at which heat is added in the boiler, the power required to operate the pumps, the
net power produced by the cycle, and the thermal efficiency.
b) Determine how much the thermal efficiency of the cycle would change if there were a 50 kPa pressure
drop across the boiler.
Answers: a) 59,660 kW, 122 kW, 18,050 kW, 30.3 percent.

3. Un ciclo ideal e Rankine que utiliza agua como sustancia de trabajo, opera entre los límites de temperatura
de 500 y 50 oC. Si la calidad del vapor a la salida de la turbina es de 90% y se puede despreciar el trabajo
de la bomba, determínese: a) la temperatura `promedio de calentamiento; b) la temperatura promedio
de rechazo de calor; c) la eficiencia térmica del ciclo utilizando la temperatura promedio de calentamiento
y la temperatura promedio de rechazo de calor.

4. A la turbina de un ciclo Rankine simple, entre vapor a 20 MPa y 550oC. Calcule la variación de la eficiencia
térmica del ciclo y el contenido de humedad del vapor que sale de la turbina en función de la presión de
descarga. Para un rango de presiones comprendidas entre 5.0 - 30 kPa, Despréciese el trabajo de la bomba.
Represente los resultados en diagramas, analice críticamente los mismos y emita comentarios a manera
de conclusiones, repita el proceso para eficiencias de la turbina de 1.0; 0.9; 0.8 y 0.7

5. A steam power plant operates on the reheat Rankine cycle. Steam enters the high-pressure turbine at 12.5
MPa and 5508C at a rate of 7.7 kg/s and leaves at 2 MPa. Steam is then reheated at constant pressure to
4508C before it expands in the low-pressure turbine. The isentropic efficiencies of the turbine and the
pump are 85 percent and 90 percent, respectively. Steam leaves the condenser as a saturated liquid. If the
moisture content of the steam at the exit of the turbine is not to exceed 5 percent, determine (a) the
condenser pressure, (b) the net power output, and (c) the thermal efficiency.
Answers: (a) 9.73 kPa, (b) 10.2 MW, (c) 36.9 percent